CN213186052U - Acceleration sensor circuit - Google Patents
Acceleration sensor circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN213186052U CN213186052U CN202022194312.4U CN202022194312U CN213186052U CN 213186052 U CN213186052 U CN 213186052U CN 202022194312 U CN202022194312 U CN 202022194312U CN 213186052 U CN213186052 U CN 213186052U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an acceleration sensor circuit in the acceleration sensor field, including encapsulating in the inside internal circuit of sensor and arranging sensor outlying external circuit in, among the internal circuit: the grid electrode of the first field effect transistor is connected with one end of the first resistor and one end of the piezoelectric ceramic, the other end of the piezoelectric ceramic is grounded, and the source electrode and the drain electrode of the first field effect transistor and the other end of the first resistor are connected with an external circuit; in the external circuit: the bias voltage of the first bias circuit is coupled to the input end through the first resistor, the source electrode of the first field effect transistor is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier through the signal coupling circuit, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier is connected with the gain circuit, and the output end of the operational amplifier is connected with the signal output end through the output driving circuit. The utility model discloses an aspect has strengthened the shielding, has avoided the interference, has guaranteed signal quality, and on the other hand has reduced the sensor volume for acceleration sensor can be applied to multiple field and occasion.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an acceleration sensor field, specific theory relates to an acceleration sensor circuit.
Background
The acceleration sensor is a sensor capable of measuring acceleration, and common acceleration sensors include capacitance type, inductance type, strain type, piezoresistive type, piezoelectric type, and the like according to different sensing elements of the sensor. The principle of the piezoelectric acceleration sensor is that the piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramics or quartz crystal is utilized, and when the accelerometer is vibrated, the force of the mass block on the piezoelectric element is changed.
Because the output impedance of the piezoelectric acceleration sensor is high, and the signal anti-interference capability is weak, most of the piezoelectric acceleration sensors are internally provided with an amplifying circuit, and high-resistance signals are changed into low-resistance signals, so that the signal quality is improved. Typical are IEPE (ICP, ICP for PCB company, usa) circuits. However, the volume of the sensor is increased by the circuit, so that the sensor is limited in a plurality of application fields and application occasions, and the product is difficult to popularize and apply.
The above-mentioned drawbacks, worth improving.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides an acceleration sensor circuit.
The utility model discloses technical scheme as follows:
an acceleration sensor circuit is characterized by comprising an internal circuit and an external circuit, wherein the internal circuit is packaged in a sensor, and the external circuit is arranged at the periphery of the sensor;
the internal circuit comprises a first field effect transistor, a first resistor and piezoelectric ceramics, wherein a grid electrode of the first field effect transistor is connected with one end of the first resistor and one end of the piezoelectric ceramics, the other end of the piezoelectric ceramics is grounded, and a source electrode and a drain electrode of the first field effect transistor and the other end of the first resistor are connected with the external circuit;
the external circuit comprises a first biasing circuit, a signal coupling circuit, an operational amplifier, a gain circuit and an output driving circuit: the bias voltage of the first bias circuit is coupled to the input end through the first resistor, the source electrode of the first field effect transistor is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier through the signal coupling circuit, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier is connected with the gain circuit, and the output end of the operational amplifier is connected with the signal output end through the output driving circuit.
According to above-mentioned scheme the utility model discloses, its characterized in that, first biasing circuit includes second resistance and first zener diode, the one end of second resistance with the drain electrode of first field effect transistor is connected, its other end with first zener diode the other end of first resistance is connected, the other end ground connection of first zener diode.
Further, in the signal coupling circuit, the other end of the second resistor is connected to one end of a third resistor, the other end of the third resistor is connected to a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor, respectively, the other end of the fourth resistor is grounded, the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the first capacitor, the other end of the first capacitor is connected to the source electrode of the first field effect transistor and the drain electrode of the second field effect transistor, and the gate electrode and the source electrode of the second field effect transistor are both grounded.
According to above-mentioned scheme the utility model discloses, its characterized in that in the signal coupling circuit, the source electrode of first field effect transistor is connected with drain electrode, the low pass filter of second field effect transistor respectively, the grid and the source electrode of second field effect transistor all ground connection, the output of low pass filter with operational amplifier's non inverting input end connects.
According to above-mentioned scheme the utility model discloses, its characterized in that, the gain circuit is including parallelly connected direct current gain circuit and interchange gain circuit, operational amplifier's inverting input through the second electric capacity with operational amplifier's output is connected, operational amplifier's inverting input respectively with direct current gain circuit with interchange gain circuit connects.
Further, the dc gain circuit includes a fourth resistor, a seventh resistor, and a ninth resistor, one end of the fourth resistor is connected to the drain of the first field effect transistor, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the seventh resistor and the ninth resistor, the other end of the seventh resistor is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, and the other end of the ninth resistor is grounded.
Furthermore, the ac gain circuit includes a thermistor, a tenth resistor, and a third capacitor, one end of the thermistor is connected to the drain of the first field effect transistor, the other end of the thermistor is connected to the tenth resistor and the third capacitor, respectively, the other end of the tenth resistor is grounded, and the other end of the third capacitor is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier.
According to above-mentioned scheme the utility model discloses, a serial communication port, gain circuit includes thermistor, eighth resistance and second electric capacity, thermistor's one end with the drain electrode of first field effect transistor is connected, its other end respectively with the eighth resistance the second electric capacity and operational amplifier's reverse input end is connected, the other end ground connection of eighth resistance, the other end of second electric capacity with operational amplifier's output is connected.
According to above scheme the utility model discloses, a serial communication port, output drive circuit includes driving resistor, drive triode and second zener diode, operational amplifier's output respectively with driving resistor the base of drive triode is connected, the collecting electrode ground connection of drive triode, its projecting pole with the second zener diode is connected, the second zener diode the other end driving resistor's the other end all with the drain electrode of first field effect transistor is connected.
According to above scheme the utility model discloses, its characterized in that still includes EMC protection circuit, and it includes protection electric capacity, transient state protection diode, first inductance, protection electric capacity's one end respectively with the drain electrode of first field effect transistor first inductance is connected, the other end of first inductance with transient state protection diode's one end signal output part connects, protection electric capacity's the other end transient state protection diode's the equal ground connection of the other end.
The utility model has the advantages that on one hand, the element connected with the high-resistance signal is placed in the sensor, so that the shielding is enhanced, the interference is avoided, and the signal quality is ensured; on the other hand, the rest components are placed outside the sensor package, so that the size of the sensor is reduced, and the acceleration sensor can be applied to various fields and occasions and is convenient to popularize and apply. Additionally, the utility model discloses can be through exchanging gain circuit and direct current gain circuit, respectively nimble adjustment bias voltage and sensitivity.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, an acceleration sensor circuit includes an internal circuit and an external circuit, the internal circuit (including a first fet T1, a first resistor R1, and piezoelectric ceramics) is packaged inside the sensor, and the external circuit is disposed at the periphery of the sensor.
The internal circuit comprises a first field effect transistor T1, a first resistor R1 and piezoelectric ceramics, wherein the grid electrode of the first field effect transistor T1 is connected with one end of the first resistor R1, and the source electrode of the first field effect transistor T1 and the other end of the first resistor R1 are connected with an external circuit.
The external circuit comprises a first bias circuit, a signal coupling circuit, an operational amplifier, a gain circuit and an output driving circuit, wherein the bias voltage of the first bias circuit is coupled to the input end through a first resistor R1 and is connected, the source electrode of the first field-effect tube T1 is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier through the signal coupling circuit, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier is connected with the gain circuit, and the output end of the operational amplifier is connected with the signal output end through the output driving circuit.
The utility model provides an internal circuit only has two devices, and furthest reduces the sensor volume, and external circuit can put at customer's end of use, is close to data collection station, has so both guaranteed signal quality and has reduced the volume again.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, in the acceleration sensor circuit in this embodiment, the signal coupling circuit includes a load device and a low-pass filter, and the gain circuit includes a dc gain circuit and an ac gain circuit.
(1) First bias circuit
The first bias circuit comprises a second resistor R2 and a first voltage-stabilizing diode Z1, one end of the second resistor R2 is connected with the drain electrode of the first field-effect transistor T1, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected with the other ends of the first voltage-stabilizing diode Z1 and the first resistor R1, and the other end of the first voltage-stabilizing diode Z1 is grounded.
(2) Signal coupling circuit
In the signal coupling circuit, the source electrode of the first field effect transistor T1 is respectively connected with the drain electrode of the second field effect transistor T2 and the low-pass filter, the grid electrode and the source electrode of the second field effect transistor T2 are both grounded, and the output end of the low-pass filter is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1.
The low-pass filter in this embodiment includes a first capacitor C1 and a third resistor R3, one end of the third resistor 3 is connected to the source of the first fet T1, the other end thereof is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1 and the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded.
(3) Gain circuit
The gain circuit in this embodiment includes a dc gain circuit and an ac gain circuit connected in parallel. Specifically, the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier U1 through the second capacitor C2, and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the dc gain circuit and the ac gain circuit, respectively.
The direct current gain circuit comprises a fourth resistor R4, a seventh resistor R7 and a ninth resistor R9, one end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected with the drain electrode of the first field effect transistor T1, the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is respectively connected with the seventh resistor R7 and the ninth resistor R9, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1, and the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is grounded.
The alternating current gain circuit comprises a thermistor, a tenth resistor R10 and a third capacitor C3, one end of the thermistor is connected with the drain electrode of the first field effect transistor T1, the other end of the thermistor is respectively connected with the tenth resistor R10 and the third capacitor C3, the other end of the tenth resistor R10 is grounded, and the other end of the third capacitor C3 is connected with the reverse input end of the operational amplifier U1. The thermistor is connected in series with a conventional resistor, in this embodiment, the fifth resistor R5 or the eighth resistor R8 is a thermistor, and the other resistor is a conventional resistor.
(4) Output drive circuit
The output driving circuit comprises a driving resistor (namely, a sixth resistor R6), a driving triode T3 and a second voltage-stabilizing diode Z2, wherein the output end of the operational amplifier U1 is respectively connected with the driving resistor and the base electrode of the driving triode T3, the collector electrode of the driving triode T3 is grounded, the emitter electrode of the driving triode T3 is connected with a second voltage-stabilizing diode Z2, and the other end of the second voltage-stabilizing diode Z2 and the other end of the driving resistor are both connected with the drain electrode of the first field-effect transistor T1.
(5) EMC protection circuit
The acceleration sensor circuit of this embodiment also includes EMC protection circuit, and it includes protection capacitance (being fourth electric capacity C4), transient state protection diode Z3 (being TVS diode), first inductance L1, and one end of protection capacitance is connected with the drain electrode of first field effect transistor T1, first inductance L1 respectively, and the other end of first inductance L1 is connected with one end of transient state protection diode Z3, signal OUTPUT terminal OUTPUT, and the other end of protection capacitance, the other end of transient state protection diode Z3 all is ground.
In the implementation process of the embodiment:
the first field effect transistor T1 is used as a voltage follower to change a high-resistance signal into a low-resistance signal; the second resistor R2 and the first voltage-stabilizing diode Z1 form a first bias circuit and generate bias voltage, and the first resistor R1 couples the bias voltage obtained by the first bias circuit to the input end; the second field effect transistor T2 is used for generating a constant current load, the third resistor R3 and the first capacitor C1 form low-pass filtering, and the signal of the first field effect transistor T1 is coupled to the operational amplifier U1.
The operational amplifier U1 works in the in-phase amplification state, the fourth resistor R4, the seventh resistor R7 and the ninth resistor R9 form direct current feedback to amplify the bias voltage to a target value, the fifth resistor R5, the eighth resistor R8, the tenth resistor R10 and the third capacitor C3 form alternating current feedback to amplify the sensitivity to the target value, wherein the fifth resistor R5 or the eighth resistor R8 are PTC thermistors, and the resistance value is increased at high temperature, so that the circuit gain is increased, and the temperature drift of the sensitivity of the sensor is compensated; the second capacitor C2 is used for suppressing high frequency noise; the sixth capacitor R6, the second zener diode Z2 and the driving transistor T3 are used as output driving, so that the signal driving capability is improved; the fourth capacitor C4, the first inductor L1 and the transient protection diode Z3 form a protection module, and EMC performance is improved.
Example two
As shown in fig. 2, in the acceleration sensor circuit in the present embodiment, the signal coupling circuit includes a second bias circuit and a coupling circuit.
(1) First bias circuit
The first bias circuit comprises a second resistor R2 and a first voltage-stabilizing diode Z1, one end of the second resistor R2 is connected with the drain electrode of the first field-effect transistor T1, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected with the other ends of the first voltage-stabilizing diode Z1 and the first resistor R1, and the other end of the first voltage-stabilizing diode Z1 is grounded.
(2) Signal coupling circuit
In the signal coupling circuit, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to one end of the third resistor R3, the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5, respectively, the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is grounded, and the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1. The third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5 are connected to form a second bias circuit, and a bias voltage generated by the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 is coupled to the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1 through the fifth resistor R5.
The non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the first capacitor C1, the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the source of the first fet T1 and the drain of the second fet T2, and the gate and the source of the second fet T2 are both grounded. The signal of the first fet T1 is coupled to the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier U1 via a first capacitor C1.
(3) Gain circuit
The gain circuit comprises a thermistor, an eighth resistor R8 and a second capacitor C2, wherein one end of the thermistor is connected with the drain electrode of the first field effect transistor T1, the other end of the thermistor is respectively connected with the eighth resistor R8, the second capacitor C2 and the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1, the other end of the eighth resistor R8 is grounded, and the other end of the second capacitor C2 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1.
The thermistor is connected in series with a conventional resistor, in this embodiment, the sixth resistor R6 or the seventh resistor R7 is a thermistor, and the other resistor is a conventional resistor.
(4) Output drive circuit
The output driving circuit comprises a driving resistor (namely, a ninth resistor R9), a driving triode T3 and a second voltage-stabilizing diode Z2, wherein the output end of the operational amplifier U1 is respectively connected with the driving resistor and the base electrode of the driving triode T3, the collector electrode of the driving triode T3 is grounded, the emitter electrode of the driving triode T3 is connected with a second voltage-stabilizing diode Z2, and the other end of the second voltage-stabilizing diode Z2 and the other end of the driving resistor are both connected with the drain electrode of the first field-effect transistor T1.
(5) EMC protection circuit
The acceleration sensor circuit of this embodiment also includes EMC protection circuit, and it includes protection capacitance (being third electric capacity C3), transient state protection diode Z3 (being TVS diode), first inductance L1, and one end of protection capacitance is connected with the drain electrode of first field effect transistor T1, first inductance L1 respectively, and the other end of first inductance L1 is connected with one end of transient state protection diode Z3, signal OUTPUT terminal OUTPUT, and the other end of protection capacitance, the other end of transient state protection diode Z3 all is ground.
In the implementation process of the embodiment:
the first field effect transistor T1 is used as a voltage follower to change a high-resistance signal into a low-resistance signal; the second resistor R2 and the first zener diode Z1 generate a bias voltage, and the first resistor R1 couples the bias voltage to the input terminal; the second field effect transistor T2 is used for generating a constant current load, the third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4 divide voltage to generate a second bias voltage, the fifth resistor R5 couples the second bias voltage to the operational amplifier input terminal U1, and the first capacitor C1 couples a signal to the operational amplifier U1.
The operational amplifier U1 works in the in-phase amplification state, the current resistor R6, the seventh resistor R7, the eighth resistor R8 and the second capacitor C2 form feedback, and the sensitivity and the bias voltage are simultaneously amplified to a target value, wherein the sixth resistor R6 or the seventh resistor R7 is a PTC thermistor, the resistance value is increased at high temperature, so that the circuit gain is increased, and the temperature drift of the sensitivity of the sensor is compensated; the second capacitor C2 is used to suppress high frequency noise. The ninth resistor R9, the second voltage-stabilizing diode Z2 and the driving triode T3 are used as output driving, so that the signal driving capability is improved; and the third capacitor C3, the first inductor L1 and the transient protection diode Z3 form a protection module, so that the EMC performance is improved.
The utility model puts the element connected with the high-resistance signal in the sensor, thereby strengthening the shielding, avoiding the interference and ensuring the signal quality; and the rest components are arranged outside the sensor package, so that the size of the sensor is reduced. In addition, the circuit is provided with alternating current gain and direct current gain separately, and can flexibly adjust bias voltage and sensitivity respectively.
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are considered to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the following claims.
The above exemplary description of the present invention is made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the present invention is not limited by the above manner, and various improvements made by the method concept and technical solution of the present invention or by directly applying the concept and technical solution of the present invention to other occasions without improvement are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An acceleration sensor circuit is characterized by comprising an internal circuit and an external circuit, wherein the internal circuit is packaged in a sensor, and the external circuit is arranged at the periphery of the sensor;
the internal circuit comprises a first field effect transistor, a first resistor and piezoelectric ceramics, wherein a grid electrode of the first field effect transistor is connected with one end of the first resistor and one end of the piezoelectric ceramics, the other end of the piezoelectric ceramics is grounded, and a source electrode and a drain electrode of the first field effect transistor and the other end of the first resistor are connected with the external circuit;
the external circuit comprises a first biasing circuit, a signal coupling circuit, an operational amplifier, a gain circuit and an output driving circuit: the bias voltage of the first bias circuit is coupled to the input end through the first resistor, the source electrode of the first field effect transistor is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier through the signal coupling circuit, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier is connected with the gain circuit, and the output end of the operational amplifier is connected with the signal output end through the output driving circuit.
2. The acceleration sensor circuit of claim 1, wherein the first bias circuit comprises a second resistor and a first zener diode, wherein one end of the second resistor is connected to the drain of the first fet, and the other end of the second resistor is connected to the first zener diode and the other end of the first resistor, and the other end of the first zener diode is grounded.
3. The acceleration sensor circuit according to claim 2, wherein in the signal coupling circuit, the other end of the second resistor is connected to one end of a third resistor, the other end of the third resistor is connected to a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor, respectively, the other end of the fourth resistor is grounded, the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to a non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to a first capacitor, the other end of the first capacitor is connected to a source electrode of the first field-effect transistor and a drain electrode of the second field-effect transistor, and a gate electrode and a source electrode of the second field-effect transistor are both grounded.
4. The acceleration sensor circuit of claim 1, wherein in the signal coupling circuit, the source of the first fet is connected to the drain of the second fet and the low pass filter, respectively, the gate and the source of the second fet are both grounded, and the output of the low pass filter is connected to the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier.
5. The acceleration sensor circuit of claim 1, characterized in that the gain circuit comprises a dc gain circuit and an ac gain circuit connected in parallel, and the inverting input of the operational amplifier is connected to the output of the operational amplifier via a second capacitor, and the inverting input of the operational amplifier is connected to the dc gain circuit and the ac gain circuit, respectively.
6. The acceleration sensor circuit according to claim 5, wherein the dc gain circuit includes a fourth resistor, a seventh resistor, and a ninth resistor, one end of the fourth resistor is connected to the drain of the first field effect transistor, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the seventh resistor and the ninth resistor, respectively, the other end of the seventh resistor is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, and the other end of the ninth resistor is grounded.
7. The acceleration sensor circuit of claim 5, wherein the ac gain circuit comprises a thermistor, a tenth resistor, and a third capacitor, one end of the thermistor is connected to the drain of the first fet, the other end of the thermistor is connected to the tenth resistor and the third capacitor, respectively, the other end of the tenth resistor is grounded, and the other end of the third capacitor is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier.
8. The acceleration sensor circuit of claim 1, wherein the gain circuit comprises a thermistor, an eighth resistor, and a second capacitor, one end of the thermistor is connected to the drain of the first fet, and the other end of the thermistor is connected to the eighth resistor, the second capacitor, and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, respectively, the other end of the eighth resistor is grounded, and the other end of the second capacitor is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier.
9. The acceleration sensor circuit of claim 1, wherein the output driver circuit comprises a driving resistor, a driving transistor, and a second voltage regulator diode, wherein the output terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the driving resistor and the base of the driving transistor, respectively, the collector of the driving transistor is grounded, the emitter of the driving transistor is connected to the second voltage regulator diode, and the other end of the second voltage regulator diode and the other end of the driving resistor are both connected to the drain of the first fet.
10. The acceleration sensor circuit of claim 1, further comprising an EMC protection circuit, which includes a protection capacitor, a transient protection diode, and a first inductor, wherein one end of the protection capacitor is connected to the drain of the first fet and the first inductor, respectively, the other end of the first inductor is connected to one end of the transient protection diode and the signal output terminal, and the other end of the protection capacitor and the other end of the transient protection diode are both grounded.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022194312.4U CN213186052U (en) | 2020-09-29 | 2020-09-29 | Acceleration sensor circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202022194312.4U CN213186052U (en) | 2020-09-29 | 2020-09-29 | Acceleration sensor circuit |
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| CN213186052U true CN213186052U (en) | 2021-05-11 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113739904A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-12-03 | 青岛杰瑞工控技术有限公司 | Train vibration detection system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113739904A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-12-03 | 青岛杰瑞工控技术有限公司 | Train vibration detection system |
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