CN213184584U - Planar and low-profile quasi-yagi directional diagram reconfigurable 5G antenna - Google Patents
Planar and low-profile quasi-yagi directional diagram reconfigurable 5G antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN213184584U CN213184584U CN202021980904.2U CN202021980904U CN213184584U CN 213184584 U CN213184584 U CN 213184584U CN 202021980904 U CN202021980904 U CN 202021980904U CN 213184584 U CN213184584 U CN 213184584U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a plane and low profile type miniaturized accurate yagi directional diagram restructural 5G antenna relates to miniaturized 5G antenna and sub 6GHz application technical field. The utility model adopts a novel reconfigurable quasi-yagi structure, particularly takes a dipole antenna as an excitation source antenna, realizes the reflection effect on the excitation source through a capacitive loading reflector, and forms directional radiation; meanwhile, capacitive loading is formed, and miniaturization design is realized; the forward directional, omnidirectional and backward directional asymmetric radiation patterns can be switched by controlling the states of the diodes. And an artificial phase shift surface is arranged on the basis to carry out three-beam directional scanning, so that the low-profile directional diagram reconfigurable antenna is realized, the performance requirements of different application scenes can be met, and the reconfigurable antenna has the advantages of small antenna size, wide antenna working bandwidth, high antenna radiation efficiency, wide antenna beam coverage, suitability for indoor wide-angle-area communication, easiness in production and application, high flexibility, high response stability and the like of an electric control scheme.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a miniaturized 5G antenna and sub 6GHz application technical field, concretely relates to plane and low profile type accurate yagi directional diagram restructural 5G antenna.
Background
The current 5G and Internet of things communication comprehensive deployment is promoted, and in the face of new communication frequency bands, communication standards and complex application scenes, a communication system needs a high-performance multifunctional antenna urgently. The directional diagram reconfigurable antenna can enable the antenna directional diagram to be switched or scanned in an airspace coverage manner through electric control or mechanical control and the like on the size of a single antenna, can realize dynamic switching of a communication coverage area, and can improve multipath effect and enhance communication performance. The traditional reconfigurable antenna of the electric control directional diagram mainly comprises a phased array, a multi-port multi-beam antenna and a reconfigurable antenna adopting electronic elements (a switch diode, a varactor, an MEMS (micro-electromechanical systems) switch device and the like). The phased array antenna adopts a complex T/R assembly feed network, and has the problems of large volume, complex system, high cost and the like. The multi-beam multi-port antenna needs to be provided with a plurality of antenna ports and a switch control circuit matched with the front end, and has the problems of large size, narrow working bandwidth and the like. The reconfigurable antenna adopting the electronic element has the defects of large size, low radiation efficiency, narrow overlapping bandwidth of the working frequency band of the antenna and difficult asymmetric switching of a directional diagram. Particularly, the traditional pattern reconfigurable antenna based on the yagi structure realizes beam reconfiguration by controlling the operation of a reflector/director at a quarter wavelength from an excitation source antenna, and also has the defects of large size and single pattern mode. In the application of the 5G new frequency band, a multifunctional antenna with large working bandwidth, small size, low cost, simple structure, asymmetric multi-beam switching and high radiation performance is needed.
The summary shows that the existing directional diagram reconfigurable antennas for 5G new frequency bands are few, and the existing research and directional diagram reconfigurable antennas for other sub 6GHz frequency bands have the problems and disadvantages of large size, narrow bandwidth, high cost, limited directional diagram reconfigurable modes and low radiation efficiency, and are difficult to meet the requirements of communication antennas for 5G new frequency bands, particularly the requirements of antennas facing 5G indoor micro base stations and routing ends.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the big, work bandwidth is narrow, the structure is complicated and changeable wave beam single scheduling problem of directional diagram reconfigurable antenna and the big, work bandwidth of traditional multi-beam antenna physical dimension that adopt in the application of present 5G new frequency channel little base station and sub 6GHz, the utility model provides a plane and the miniaturized accurate yagi directional diagram reconfigurable 5G antenna of low section type.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that:
in a first aspect, the planar quasi-yagi directional diagram reconfigurable 5G antenna comprises a PCB substrate and a miniaturized reconfigurable yagi structure arranged on the PCB substrate, wherein the miniaturized reconfigurable yagi structure comprises a dipole antenna arranged in the center of the PCB substrate and capacitive loading reflectors symmetrically arranged with the dipole antenna, two ends of each capacitive loading reflector are both of a bent structure, and a switch is loaded in the middle of each capacitive loading reflector.
The beneficial effect of this scheme is: the utility model takes the dipole antenna as the excitation source antenna, and realizes the reflection effect on the excitation source through the capacity type loading reflector with two bent ends to form the directional radiation; meanwhile, the reflector and the excitation source are bent to form capacitive loading, so that the miniaturization design is realized, and the distance between the reflector and the excitation source is shortened to one eighth wavelength; by integrating two novel quasi-yagi structures together, the switching of forward directional, omnidirectional and backward directional radiation patterns can be realized by controlling the states of the two diodes.
Furthermore, the bent parts at the two ends of the capacity type loading reflector are respectively connected with a control circuit.
The beneficial effects of the further scheme are as follows: the utility model controls the switch of the PIN switch tube through the control circuit, thereby controlling the reflecting state, and when the bias diode is conducted, the mode is a reflector mode; when the biased diode is off, it is in dipole mode.
Further, two near sides of the dipole antenna are respectively provided with a parasitic patch.
The beneficial effects of the further scheme are as follows: the utility model discloses a place parasitic patch at the dipole excitation source, introduce new dipole similar mode, extended the working bandwidth of antenna, satisfied sub 6GHz wide bandwidth communication demand.
Furthermore, a feed interface is connected to the middle position of the dipole antenna.
The beneficial effects of the further scheme are as follows: the utility model discloses a feed structure forms the resonance with the excitation source of signal feed-in accurate yagi structure to produce the radiation.
In a second aspect, the low-profile quasi-yagi directional diagram reconfigurable 5G antenna comprises an antenna layer, an electromagnetic artificial phase shift surface layer and a supporting column for fixedly supporting the antenna layer and the electromagnetic artificial phase shift surface layer;
the antenna layer comprises a PCB substrate and a miniaturized reconfigurable yagi structure arranged on the PCB substrate, the miniaturized reconfigurable yagi structure comprises a dipole antenna arranged in the center of the PCB substrate and capacitive loading reflectors symmetrically arranged with the dipole antenna, two ends of each capacitive loading reflector are respectively of a bent structure, and a PIN switch tube is loaded in the middle of each capacitive loading reflector;
the electromagnetic artificial phase shift surface layer comprises an intermediate layer PCB substrate, an electromagnetic artificial phase shift surface laid on the intermediate layer PCB substrate and a floor layer.
The beneficial effect of this scheme is: the utility model discloses a place artifical phase shift surface on the basis of restructural accurate yagi antenna, the antenna height reduces to one tenth wavelength, three wave beam directional scanning to realize low section directional diagram restructural antenna.
Furthermore, the bent parts at the two ends of the capacity type loading reflector are respectively connected with a control circuit.
Further, two near sides of the dipole antenna are respectively provided with a parasitic patch.
Furthermore, a feed interface is connected to the middle position of the dipole antenna.
Furthermore, through holes are formed in the centers of the middle layer PCB substrate and the floor layer, and the feed interface is connected with a feed coaxial line penetrating through the through holes.
The beneficial effects of the further scheme are as follows: the utility model discloses a feed coaxial line passes the antenna, with the accurate yagi structure of signal feed-in, forms the radiation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a planar quasi-yagi directional diagram reconfigurable 5G antenna structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the impedance bandwidth performance of the planar quasi-yagi directional diagram reconfigurable 5G antenna of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the directional diagram reconfigurable performance of the planar quasi-yagi directional diagram reconfigurable 5G antenna of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the low-profile quasi-yagi directional diagram reconfigurable 5G antenna structure of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a top view of the low profile quasi-yagi directional diagram reconfigurable 5G antenna of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a front view of the low profile quasi-yagi directional diagram reconfigurable 5G antenna of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a side view of the low profile quasi-yagi pattern reconfigurable 5G antenna of the present invention;
fig. 8 is an impedance bandwidth performance schematic diagram of the low profile quasi-yagi directional diagram reconfigurable 5G antenna of the present invention;
fig. 9 is the utility model discloses a low section type quasi-yagi directional diagram reconfigurable performance schematic diagram of 5G antenna's directional diagram.
Wherein the reference numerals are: 1-miniaturized yagi structure, 2-parasitic patch, 3-PIN switch tube, 4-control circuit, 5-PCB substrate, 6-feed interface, 7-electromagnetic artificial phase shift surface intermediate layer, 8-intermediate layer PCB substrate, 9-floor bottom layer, 10-support column, 11-feed coaxial line.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and various changes may be made apparent to those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined by the appended claims.
Example 1
The utility model discloses based on accurate yagi antenna principle, adopt the PIN switch tube as control switch, a novel miniaturized plane accurate yagi directional diagram restructural 5G antenna is proposed, it is small to have a size, compact structure, the loss is low, the bandwidth is big, the changeable characteristics of complementary (asymmetric) directional diagram, in the miniaturization, can keep wide bandwidth and high radiation efficiency, and complementary changeable wave beam is provided, and be arranged in this structure in the design of 5G new frequency channel directional diagram restructural basic station antenna and the restructural antenna of sub 6GHz application, design out the antenna that is fit for 5G indoor base station or route transmitting terminal.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the utility model provides a planar accurate yagi pattern reconfigurable 5G antenna, be in including PCB base plate 5 and setting miniaturized reconfigurable yagi structure 1 on the PCB base plate 5, miniaturized reconfigurable yagi structure 1 is including setting up the dipole antenna at PCB base plate 5 center and with the appearance type loading reflector that dipole antenna symmetry set up, the both ends of appearance type loading reflector all are the structure of buckling, the intermediate position of appearance type loading reflector is loaded with switch 3.
The utility model discloses a dipole unit constitutes miniaturized restructural yagi structure 1 as excitation source and loaded microstrip reflector of appearance type, through changing excitation source and reflector size, can realize the frequency control of antenna.
The utility model discloses regard as excitation source antenna with dipole antenna, the appearance type loading reflector of buckling through a both ends realizes the reflex action to the excitation source, forms directional radiation. And meanwhile, the capacitance loading reflector and the dipole antenna have bent structures to form capacitance loading, so that the miniaturization design is realized, and the distance between the capacitance loading reflector and the dipole antenna is shortened to one eighth of wavelength.
The utility model discloses hold type loading reflector intermediate position and be loaded with electronic switch PIN switch tube, realize the restructural of beam through the selection of control reflector. Particularly, the utility model discloses a PIN diode direct current control circuit who connects respectively in the punchdown of appearance type loading reflector both ends controls the switch of PIN switch tube (bias diode), and then controls the state of reflection, when the bias diode switches on, is the reflector mode; when the biased diode is off, it is in dipole mode. The utility model discloses a with two neotype accurate yagi structure integrations of restructuring together, through the state of controlling two diodes, can realize the switching of preceding orientation, qxcomm technology and back directional radiation pattern, satisfy the different scene demands of using of 5G.
The utility model is provided with the parasitic patches 2 on two near sides of the dipole antenna, which expands the working bandwidth of the antenna; the utility model discloses a place parasitic patch 2 at the dipole excitation source, introduce new dipole similar mode, extended the working bandwidth of antenna, satisfied sub 6GHz wide bandwidth communication, can cover N77N 78 mainstream 5G communication frequency channel completely.
The utility model discloses be connected with feed interface 6 in dipole antenna's intermediate position, feed structure 6 is arranged in the excitation source with the miniaturized restructural yagi structure of signal feed-in, forms the resonance, produces the radiation.
The utility model solves the problems of large size, complex control and the like of the traditional directional diagram reconfigurable antenna; the broadband is obtained, and the bandwidth is suitable for the required bandwidth of 5G communication in a sub 6GHz frequency band; the miniaturized design is realized, and the size of the antenna is only 0.35 lambda0×0.12λ0(λ0Free space wavelength corresponding to lowest point of antenna band), small sizeIn the reconfigurable antenna with similar performance, especially the width of the antenna is only one eighth of the wavelength and is smaller than the requirement of the quarter wavelength of the traditional yagi antenna; the complementary switchable directional diagram is realized, and the defect that the reconfigurable directional diagram type of the traditional antenna is single is overcome; in addition, the antenna adopts a small amount of PIN switching tubes to control the beam to be reconfigurable, the radiation efficiency is high, the cost is low, the antenna is suitable for large-scale application, and the defects of high cost and large radiation loss of the traditional reconfigurable antenna are overcome.
The utility model discloses an antenna has the advantage that radiation efficiency is high and directional diagram lobe is wide, and the antenna has adopted low-loss structure and only two PIN diodes, has reduceed the loss that probably exists as far as possible. The antenna has wide lobe and large beam coverage range, and is suitable for indoor environment communication.
As shown in fig. 2, in three states of the planar quasi-yagi directional diagram reconfigurable 5G antenna, the impedance bandwidth (working bandwidth) of the antenna can completely cover 5G-N77/N78 frequency band (> 25%), the bandwidth coincidence is good, and the planar quasi-yagi directional diagram reconfigurable 5G antenna can be applied to sub 6GHz wide frequency band.
As shown in fig. 3, the planar quasi-yagi directional diagram reconfigurable 5G antenna realizes the directional diagram reconfiguration of forward direction, omnidirectional direction and backward direction along with the switching of the PIN switch tube, and the directional diagram is a complementary directional diagram. The directional diagrams of the two directional modes have high gain, large front-to-back ratio of lobes and good directivity. The omnidirectional mode has higher roundness, namely the omnidirectional is good.
Example 2
The utility model discloses an this embodiment is similar with embodiment 1's antenna structure, and the difference lies in on the basis of restructural accurate yagi antenna with artifical phase place surface application in the electromagnetism metamaterial to the accurate yagi pattern restructural antenna design of low section, and the antenna height reduces to one tenth wavelength, triple beam directional scanning to realize the reconfigurable miniaturized 5G basic station antenna of low section directional diagram triple beam.
As shown in fig. 4 to 7, an embodiment of the present invention provides a low-profile quasi-yagi directional diagram reconfigurable 5G antenna, which includes an antenna layer, an electromagnetic artificial phase shift surface layer 7, and a supporting column 10 for fixedly supporting the antenna layer and the electromagnetic artificial phase shift surface layer 7;
the antenna layer comprises a PCB substrate 5 and a miniaturized reconfigurable yagi structure 1 arranged on the PCB substrate 5, the miniaturized reconfigurable yagi structure 1 comprises a dipole antenna arranged in the center of the PCB substrate 5 and capacitive loading reflectors symmetrically arranged with the dipole antenna, two ends of each capacitive loading reflector are of bent structures, and a switch 3 is loaded in the middle of each capacitive loading reflector;
the electromagnetic artificial phase shift surface layer 7 comprises an intermediate layer PCB substrate 8, an electromagnetic artificial phase shift surface laid on the intermediate layer PCB substrate 8 and a floor layer 9.
The utility model places the artificial phase shift surface in the electromagnetic metamaterial at the lower side of the antenna for modulating the reflection phase of the incoming wave and realizing the low profile design; the reflection phase of the metal surface to the incoming wave is 180 degrees, so that the height of a quarter wavelength is needed to realize the in-phase synthesis of the transmitted wave and the reflected wave to form directional radiation.
The utility model discloses an electromagnetism artificial phase shift surface comprises laying periodic patch structure and floor layer 9 on intermediate level PCB base plate 8 jointly, utilizes this structure can modulate the reflection phase place that comes the wave, can be when guaranteeing the directional radiation of synthony, reduces the height of antenna.
The utility model discloses control circuit 4, parasitic paster 2 and the 6 structures of feed interface and the function that set up on antenna layer are the same with embodiment 1, and this is not repeated here.
The utility model discloses a support column 10 sets up around the three-layer antenna structure that antenna layer, the artifical phase shift superficial layer 7 of electromagnetism are constituteed, and it adopts the nylon screw to realize support and fixed to three-layer antenna structure.
The floor layer 9 of the utility model adopts a thin aluminum plate as the floor of the antenna. The antenna is only made of the thin-layer substrate and the metal aluminum plate, so that the production cost is reduced, and the antenna is convenient to produce and apply.
The utility model discloses all seted up the through-hole at intermediate level PCB base plate 8 and floor bottom 9 center, feed interface 6 is connected with the feed coaxial line 11 that passes this through-hole to in the accurate yagi structure with signal feed-in antenna top layer, form the radiation.
As shown in fig. 8, in the low-profile quasi-yagi directional diagram reconfigurable 5G antenna, in three states, the impedance bandwidth (working bandwidth) of the antenna can completely cover 5G-N77/N78 frequency band (> 25%), the bandwidth coincidence is good, the antenna echo matching is good, and the antenna can be applied to sub 6GHz broadband.
As shown in fig. 9, the low-profile quasi-yagi pattern reconfigurable 5G antenna realizes directional three-beam switching with the switching of the PIN switch tube, and the maximum scanning angle of the pattern is 35 °. The antenna has high radiation gain, wide half-power beam width, small directional diagram back lobe and large lobe front-to-back ratio, and can be suitable for wide beam coverage communication in indoor or large-area environment.
The utility model provides a planar antenna with complementary beam switches and a low section reconfigurable antenna of three beam scanning has satisfied the communication demand of the different application scenes of 5G basic station, has solved the shortcoming of traditional reconfigurable antenna function singleness.
The directional diagram reconfigurable 5G antenna provided by the embodiment of the utility model has the advantages of small size, planar structure and low profile, and is suitable for communication requirements in different small base stations and narrow environments; the working bandwidth of the antenna is large, and the antenna covers N77/N78 and other 5G new frequency bands; two directional diagram reconfigurable embodiments with different beams realize the functions of complementary directional diagram switching and directional beam scanning, and are designed aiming at different application scenes; the antenna radiation efficiency is high (85%), the antenna beam coverage is wide, and the antenna is suitable for indoor wide-angle domain communication; the antenna is low in cost, is only suitable for two PIN diodes, is easy to produce and apply, and is flexible and quick in electric control scheme and high in response stability.
The present invention has been explained by using specific embodiments, and the explanation of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for the general technical personnel in the field, according to the idea of the present invention, there are changes in the specific implementation and application scope, to sum up, the content of the present specification should not be understood as the limitation of the present invention.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described herein are intended to assist the reader in understanding the principles of the invention, and it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to such specific statements and embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific modifications and combinations based on the teachings of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the invention, and such modifications and combinations are still within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The planar miniaturized quasi-yagi directional diagram reconfigurable 5G antenna is characterized by comprising a PCB (printed circuit board) substrate (5) and a miniaturized reconfigurable yagi structure (1) arranged on the PCB substrate (5), wherein the miniaturized reconfigurable yagi structure (1) comprises a dipole antenna arranged at the center of the PCB substrate (5) and capacitive loading reflectors symmetrically arranged with the dipole antenna, two ends of each capacitive loading reflector are both of a bent structure, and a switch (3) is loaded in the middle of each capacitive loading reflector.
2. The planar miniaturized quasi-yagi pattern reconfigurable 5G antenna according to claim 1, wherein the control circuit (4) is connected to each of the bent portions at both ends of the capacitive loading reflector.
3. The planar miniaturized quasi-yagi pattern reconfigurable 5G antenna according to claim 1 or 2, wherein parasitic patches (2) are respectively provided on both proximal sides of the dipole antenna.
4. The planar miniaturized quasi-yagi pattern reconfigurable 5G antenna according to claim 3, wherein a feed interface (6) is connected to a middle position of the dipole antenna.
5. A low-profile quasi-yagi directional diagram reconfigurable 5G antenna is characterized by comprising an antenna layer, an electromagnetic artificial phase shift surface layer (7) and a support column (10) for fixedly supporting the antenna layer and the electromagnetic artificial phase shift surface layer (7);
the antenna layer comprises a PCB (printed circuit board) substrate (5) and a miniaturized reconfigurable yagi structure (1) arranged on the PCB substrate (5), the miniaturized reconfigurable yagi structure (1) comprises a dipole antenna arranged in the center of the PCB substrate (5) and capacitive loading reflectors symmetrically arranged with the dipole antenna, two ends of each capacitive loading reflector are of bent structures, and a switch (3) is loaded in the middle of each capacitive loading reflector;
the electromagnetic artificial phase shift surface layer (7) comprises an intermediate layer PCB substrate (8), an electromagnetic artificial phase shift surface laid on the intermediate layer PCB substrate (8) and a floor layer (9).
6. The low-profile quasi-yagi pattern reconfigurable 5G antenna according to claim 5, wherein the control circuit (4) is connected to each of the bends at both ends of the capacitive loading reflector.
7. The low-profile quasi-yagi pattern reconfigurable 5G antenna according to claim 5 or 6, wherein parasitic patches (2) are respectively provided on both proximal sides of the dipole antenna.
8. The low-profile quasi-yagi pattern reconfigurable 5G antenna according to claim 7, wherein a feed interface (6) is connected to a middle position of the dipole antenna.
9. The low-profile quasi-yagi pattern reconfigurable 5G antenna according to claim 8, wherein a through hole is formed in the center of each of the middle layer PCB substrate (8) and the floor layer (9), and the feed interface (6) is connected with a feed coaxial line (11) passing through the through hole.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021980904.2U CN213184584U (en) | 2020-09-10 | 2020-09-10 | Planar and low-profile quasi-yagi directional diagram reconfigurable 5G antenna |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202021980904.2U CN213184584U (en) | 2020-09-10 | 2020-09-10 | Planar and low-profile quasi-yagi directional diagram reconfigurable 5G antenna |
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| CN213184584U true CN213184584U (en) | 2021-05-11 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114583456A (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2022-06-03 | 微网优联科技(成都)有限公司 | Miniaturized plane directional diagram reconfigurable antenna, Internet of things equipment and router |
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2020
- 2020-09-10 CN CN202021980904.2U patent/CN213184584U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114583456A (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2022-06-03 | 微网优联科技(成都)有限公司 | Miniaturized plane directional diagram reconfigurable antenna, Internet of things equipment and router |
| CN114583456B (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2024-02-09 | 微网优联科技(成都)有限公司 | Miniaturized planar directional diagram reconfigurable antenna, internet of things equipment and router |
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