CN213178900U - Novel gas air source absorption heat pump system with flue gas waste heat recovery function - Google Patents
Novel gas air source absorption heat pump system with flue gas waste heat recovery function Download PDFInfo
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- CN213178900U CN213178900U CN202021853306.9U CN202021853306U CN213178900U CN 213178900 U CN213178900 U CN 213178900U CN 202021853306 U CN202021853306 U CN 202021853306U CN 213178900 U CN213178900 U CN 213178900U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a novel gas air source absorption heat pump system with flue gas waste heat recovery, wherein the working medium pair is R22-DEGDME; in operation, the combustion natural gas heats the dilute solution in the generator, the refrigerant R22 evaporates, the dilute solution becomes the concentrated solution and enters the solution heat exchanger, the concentrated solution in the absorber absorbs the heat released by the R22 steam from the evaporator, enters the solution heat exchanger through the solution pump, and then returns to the generator; r22 steam in the generator enters a condenser, releases heat, enters a heat exchanger III to exchange heat with R22 steam from an evaporator, enters the evaporator after throttling, becomes R22 steam, and in a heat exchanger III, the R22 steam after heat exchange enters an absorber. During defrosting, the part of the R22 steam discharged from the generator is controlled to enter the evaporator for defrosting. Flue gas generated by natural gas combustion enters the heat exchanger I, heating hot water from a condenser is heated, the cooled flue gas enters the heat exchanger II to exchange heat with R22 steam discharged by the evaporator, and the flue gas after heat exchange is discharged out of the atmosphere.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an air source heat pump of energy utilization and environmental protection especially relates to a take flue gas waste heat recovery's novel gas air source absorption heat pump system.
Background
With the development of economy and the improvement of the quality of life of people, the consumption of energy also shows an increasing trend. In cold regions, the fuel required for district heating is still fossil fuel such as coal, oil and natural gas. However, the large scale use of fossil fuels can present a range of haze and pollution problems. Although the wide spread of coal to electricity can alleviate the pollution problem, the shortage of natural gas is also a current situation. Currently, many scholars focus on renewable energy sources, and among them, heat extraction using air sources is considered to be a promising technology. The air source electric heat pump is a system widely applied to winter heating at present, and the COP is generally about 3. However, the power generation efficiency of the electric energy consumed by the system in the thermal power plant is not considered in the calculation process, and the efficiency of the thermal power plant is about 30% in general, and the actual efficiency is about 0.9-1 when the efficiency is multiplied by the COP. The air source absorption heat pump consumes less electric energy, directly utilizes fuel gas as a driving heat source to extract heat from air, and can realize COP (coefficient of performance) of more than 1.5.
For the generator and absorber of the system, the usual forms are immersion and spray. The liquid hydrostatic column pressure of the immersion generator can influence the generation effect, and the spray generator has the characteristics of small spray amount, insufficient utilization of heat transfer area and difficulty in complete wetting although the spray generator has no influence of the hydrostatic column and has good heat transfer and mass transfer performance. In addition to this, there are vertical falling film and horizontal falling film generators. Compared with a horizontal falling film generator, the vertical falling film generator has the characteristics of small occupied area, space saving, better formation of countercurrent heat exchange, more uniform liquid distribution, better wetting rate, higher temperature heat output and the like.
The smoke discharge temperature of heat energy power equipment such as a common natural gas boiler and the like is about 150-. At present, the most common method for recovering the flue gas heat of the gas-fired boiler is to add a flue gas waste heat utilization and recovery device at the tail part of the boiler, and because the flue gas waste heat utilization and recovery device is limited by the temperature of a heated medium (such as heating hot water), the temperature of the flue gas is still above 55 ℃ after the flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization, and almost most of the waste heat in the flue gas cannot be utilized. If only the flue gas waste heat recovery device is used for recovering the flue gas waste heat, the energy-saving potential is limited.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To above-mentioned prior art, in order to solve the problem of frosting in air supply absorption heat pump winter, the utility model provides a take flue gas waste heat recovery's novel gas air source absorption heat pump system. The system can realize high efficiency and direct heating, and can recover the flue gas generated by natural gas combustion.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a novel gas air source absorption heat pump system with flue gas waste heat recovery, this system includes generator, condenser, evaporimeter, absorber, three heat exchanger, solution pump, fan and five choke valves, and three heat exchanger marks as heat exchanger I, heat exchanger II and heat exchanger III respectively, heat exchanger I with heat exchanger II all includes flue gas passageway and water passageway, heat exchanger III includes refrigerant steam passageway and refrigerant passageway; the five throttle valves are respectively marked as a first throttle valve, a second throttle valve, a third throttle valve, a fourth throttle valve and a fifth throttle valve; the working medium pair of the system is R22-DEGDME;
the generator comprises a dilute solution inlet, a refrigerant steam outlet, a concentrated solution outlet I and a smoke discharge port; the absorber comprises a concentrated solution inlet, a dilute solution outlet I, a refrigerant steam inlet, a backwater inlet and a water outlet; the solution heat exchanger comprises a dilute solution inlet, a dilute solution outlet II, a concentrated solution inlet and a concentrated solution outlet II;
a dilute solution outlet I of the absorber is connected to a dilute solution inlet of the generator from a dilute solution channel of the solution heat exchanger after passing through the solution pump; a refrigerant steam outlet of the generator is divided into two paths after passing through the first throttling valve, one path of the refrigerant steam outlet is connected to a liquid accumulator after passing through a refrigerant steam channel of the condenser, and an outlet of the liquid accumulator is connected to a refrigerant inlet of the evaporator after passing through a refrigerant channel of the exchanger III; the other path of the refrigerant passes through the second throttling valve and then is connected to a refrigerant inlet of the evaporator; a concentrated solution outlet I of the generator is connected to a concentrated solution inlet of the absorber after passing through a concentrated solution channel of the solution heat exchanger;
a water outlet of the absorber is connected to a hot water supply pipe of a user after passing through a water channel of the condenser and a water channel of the heat exchanger I in sequence, and a water return pipe of the user is connected to a water return inlet of the absorber after passing through a water pump;
a flue gas discharge port of the generator is sequentially discharged through flue gas channels of the heat exchanger I and the heat exchanger II, and a refrigerant steam outlet of the evaporator is sequentially connected to a refrigerant steam inlet of the absorber after passing through a refrigerant channel of the heat exchanger II and a refrigerant steam channel of the heat exchanger III;
the third throttling valve is arranged on a pipeline of a concentrated solution outlet II of the solution heat exchanger connected to a concentrated solution inlet of the absorber, the fourth throttling valve is arranged on a pipeline of a dilute solution outlet II of the solution heat exchanger connected to a dilute solution inlet of the generator, and the fifth throttling valve is arranged on a pipeline of a refrigerant outlet of a refrigerant channel of the heat exchanger III connected to a refrigerant inlet of the evaporator.
Further, the novel gas air source absorption heat pump system with flue gas waste heat recovery of the utility model, when the system is in operation, firstly, the first throttle valve, the second throttle valve, the third throttle valve, the fourth throttle valve and the fifth throttle valve are opened, the fan is opened, the solution pump is opened, then the burner of the generator is opened, at this moment, the system is driven by the generator, part of heat is extracted from the outdoor through the evaporator, the flue gas generated by the combustion of the natural gas exchanges heat with the heating hot water, and the waste heat of the flue gas is fully utilized for heating the user;
when the system detects that the outdoor evaporator needs defrosting, the second throttle valve is opened, and part of the refrigerant vapor discharged from the generator directly enters the evaporator to defrost.
The utility model discloses a take flue gas waste heat recovery's novel gas air source absorption heat pump system, in the system operation, the generator is driven by gas combustion, heats the weak solution in the generator, and refrigerant R22 begins to evaporate, and solution concentration increases, takes place completely after, and weak solution becomes concentrated solution and gets into solution heat exchanger, and concentrated solution gets into in the absorber after giving out heat in solution heat exchanger, and concentrated solution absorbs R22 refrigerant steam and release heat from the evaporimeter in the absorber, becomes dilute solution; the dilute solution enters a solution heat exchanger through a solution pump to absorb heat and then enters a generator; high-temperature refrigerant steam in the generator enters a condenser, releases heat, then is stored in a liquid storage device, then enters a heat exchanger III to exchange heat with the refrigerant steam from the evaporator, enters the evaporator after throttling, is changed into refrigerant steam after evaporation and heat absorption, and in the heat exchanger III, the refrigerant steam after heat exchange enters an absorber.
Take flue gas waste heat recovery's novel gas air source absorption heat pump system, the main component of the flue gas that the natural gas burning produced is water and CO2And the flue gas firstly enters the heat exchanger I to further heat the heating hot water from the condenser, then the cooled flue gas enters the heat exchanger II to further exchange heat with the refrigerant steam discharged by the evaporator, and the flue gas after heat exchange is discharged from the system.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
the utility model discloses the system can use the air to carry out high-efficient heating as the heat source, carries out the second grade step to the flue gas and utilizes, has improved fuel utilization efficiency. And a bypass defrosting mode is adopted, so that the system does not need to be stopped, and the influence on indoor heating is small. The absorber and the generator adopt a vertical falling film mode, so that the occupied area is small, the space is saved, and the heat transfer performance is better.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a novel gas air source absorption heat pump system with flue gas waste heat recovery according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a computing flow diagram of the system.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, but the following examples are by no means limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the utility model provides a novel gas air source absorption heat pump system with flue gas waste heat recovery, this system includes generator, condenser, evaporimeter, absorber, three heat exchanger, solution pump, fan and five choke valves, and three heat exchanger marks as heat exchanger I, heat exchanger II and heat exchanger III respectively, heat exchanger I with heat exchanger II all includes flue gas passageway and water passageway, heat exchanger III includes refrigerant steam passageway and refrigerant passageway; the five throttles are respectively noted as a first throttle V1, a second throttle V2, a third throttle V3, a fourth throttle V4, and a fifth throttle V5; the working pair of the system is R22-DEGDME.
The generator comprises a dilute solution inlet, a refrigerant vapor outlet R1, a concentrated solution outlet I S4 and a smoke discharge port; the absorber comprises a concentrated solution inlet S6, a dilute solution outlet I S1, a refrigerant steam inlet R6, a backwater inlet W1 and a water outlet W2; the solution heat exchanger comprises a dilute solution inlet S2, a dilute solution outlet IIS 3, a concentrated solution inlet and a concentrated solution outlet IIS 5.
The utility model discloses the relation of connection of relevant equipment among the heat pump system as follows:
a dilute solution outlet IS 1 of the absorber is connected to a dilute solution inlet of the generator after passing through a dilute solution channel of the solution heat exchanger after passing through the solution pump; the refrigerant vapor outlet R1 of the generator is divided into two paths after passing through the first throttling valve V1, one path of the two paths is connected to an accumulator after passing through a refrigerant vapor channel of the condenser, and the outlet of the accumulator is connected to a refrigerant inlet R4 of the evaporator after passing through a refrigerant channel of the exchanger III; the other path of the refrigerant passes through the second throttling valve V2 and then is connected to a refrigerant inlet R4 of the evaporator; the concentrated solution outlet IS 4 of the generator is connected to the concentrated solution inlet S6 of the absorber after passing through the concentrated solution channel of the solution heat exchanger.
And a water outlet W2 of the absorber is connected to a hot water supply pipe of a user after passing through a water channel of the condenser and a water channel of the heat exchanger I in sequence, and a water return pipe of the user is connected to a water return inlet W1 of the absorber after passing through a water pump.
And a flue gas discharge port of the generator is sequentially discharged through flue gas channels of the heat exchanger I and the heat exchanger II, and a refrigerant steam outlet of the evaporator is sequentially connected to a refrigerant steam inlet R6 of the absorber after passing through a refrigerant channel of the heat exchanger II and a refrigerant steam channel of the heat exchanger III.
The third throttle valve V3 is provided on the line where the rich solution outlet iis 5 of the solution heat exchanger is connected to the rich solution inlet S6 of the absorber, the fourth throttle valve V4 is provided on the line where the lean solution outlet iis 3 of the solution heat exchanger is connected to the lean solution inlet of the generator, and the fifth throttle valve V5 is provided on the line where the refrigerant outlet R3 of the refrigerant channel of the heat exchanger iii is connected to the refrigerant inlet R4 of the evaporator.
The utility model discloses among the heat pump system, the burning natural gas provides the drive heat source for the absorption heat pump, and the natural gas is after burning in the generator to concentrated solution release heat, and the flue gas of production is then by further utilization. The condenser condenses the high-temperature refrigerant steam and exchanges heat with the heating hot water. The evaporator extracts a part of heat from outdoor air through low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid, and the heat is used for indoor heating. The absorber absorbs the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the evaporator by using the concentrated solution from the generator, and releases heat to the heating hot water. The solution pump pumps the low-temperature low-pressure dilute solution which absorbs the refrigerant vapor into the high-temperature high-pressure generator. The fan is used for enhancing the heat convection of air and refrigerant.
When the system is operated, firstly, a first throttle valve V1, a second throttle valve V2, a third throttle valve V3, a fourth throttle valve V4 and a fifth throttle valve V5 are opened, a fan is started, a solution pump is started, a combustor of a generator is started, the system is driven by the generator, a part of heat is extracted from the outdoor through an evaporator, heat exchange is carried out between smoke generated by combustion of natural gas and heating hot water, and the waste heat of the smoke is fully utilized for heating a user; in the system operation, the generator is driven by gas combustion to heat the dilute solution in the generator, the refrigerant R22 begins to evaporate, the solution concentration increases, after the generation is completed, the dilute solution becomes the concentrated solution and enters the solution heat exchanger, the concentrated solution enters the absorber after releasing heat in the solution heat exchanger, the concentrated solution in the absorber absorbs the R22 refrigerant steam from the evaporator and releases heat, and the concentrated solution becomes the dilute solution; the dilute solution enters a solution heat exchanger through a solution pump to absorb heat and then enters a generator; high-temperature refrigerant steam in the generator enters a condenser, releases heat, then is stored in a liquid storage device, then enters a heat exchanger III to exchange heat with the refrigerant steam from the evaporator, enters the evaporator after throttling, is changed into refrigerant steam after evaporation and heat absorption, and in the heat exchanger III, the refrigerant steam after heat exchange enters an absorber.
In the system operation process, the main components of the flue gas generated by the combustion of the natural gas are water and CO2The flue gas that the flue gas discharge port G1 discharged first gets into heat exchanger I, further heats the heating hot water that comes from the condenser, and later, flue gas G2 after the cooling gets into heat exchanger II further exchanges heat with the refrigerant steam that the evaporimeter was discharged, and flue gas G3 after the heat transfer is discharged from the system.
When the system detects that the outdoor evaporator needs defrosting, the second throttle valve V2 is opened and a portion of the refrigerant vapor discharged from the generator is directed into the evaporator for defrosting.
The utility model discloses heat pump system simulation calculation model:
the physical parameters of the equilibrium state of the R22-DEGDME solution are given by Andingrou, a Japanese scholars. The equilibrium vapor pressure equation for the solution is:
in formula (1), P is the solution pressure, Y is the molar concentration of R22, and the constant coefficients are shown in Table 1 below.
TABLE 1 constant coefficient of equation (1)
The heat of mixing for the R22-DEGDME solution was:
the constant coefficients are shown in table 2 below.
TABLE 2 constant coefficients of equation (2)
The molar enthalpy of the solution can be expressed as:
in the formula (3), J is a thermal equivalent, MDAnd MR22The molar masses of DEGDME and R22, respectively.
The energy analysis is given according to the first and second laws of thermodynamics. In the evaporator, condenser, solution heat exchanger and heat exchanger i, the heat load can be expressed as:
evaporator thermal load: qevap＝mr(hR5-hR4) (4)
Condenser heat duty: qcond＝mr(hR1-hR2) (5)
Solution heat exchanger heat duty: qshe＝mw(hS3-hS2) (6)
Heat load of heat exchanger I: qhe-I＝cp.wmw(TW4-TW3) (7)
In the generator, heat is transferred from the burner to the rich solution, and the heat load can be expressed as:
Qgen＝mr·hR1+mw·hS4-ms·hS3 (8)
in the absorber, the weak solution absorbs R22 refrigerant vapor, releasing heat to the heating hot water.
Qabs＝mr·hR6+mw·hS6-ms·hS1 (9)
The COP of the system is the ratio of heating capacity to heat consumption:
COP＝(Qcond+Qabs)/(Qgen+Psp) (10)
the utility model discloses the calculation flow of system is shown in fig. 2, through writing MATLAB procedure computational system's thermodynamic parameter, including pressure, enthalpy, flow, heat transfer volume and COP.
The design working condition is as follows: the load of the generator is 24kW, the generation temperature is 190 ℃, the condensation temperature is 46 ℃, the absorption temperature is 43 ℃, and the evaporation temperature is-20 ℃. The calculation results are shown in the following table:
TABLE 3 results of calculation
As can be seen from fig. 1, the main component of the system is the heat exchanger, so the cost of the heat exchanger is mainly considered when calculating the economic performance of the system. Operational maintenance investment rate of system
Can be represented by the following formula:
in the formula (11), the reaction mixture is,
is power consumption and EP is electricity price. The investment rate of the equipment can be calculated as:
in the formula (12), ZkIs the investment of the equipment and the calculation function is given in table 4.
TABLE 4 investment function
Get unit standThe heat production amount of the square meter natural gas is 36MJ, and the square meter natural gas can run for 3600h under the load of 24kW, and the square meter natural gas needs about 8640m3Natural gas, assuming a price of 2.4 yuan/m3The annual natural gas cost is 2932.5 $andthe annual operating cost is 257.4 $. The initial investment of the system can be calculated to be 35804.7$, the heat price of the Chinese area is 0.08$/kWh, the annual benefit of the system is 12035.5$, the net profit is 8846.12 $everyyear after the operation cost and the natural gas cost are removed, and the recovery period of the system is equal to the initial investment divided by the net profit and is about 4 years.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, which are only illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make many modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A novel gas air source absorption heat pump system with flue gas waste heat recovery comprises a generator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber, three heat exchangers, a solution heat exchanger, a solution pump, a fan and five throttle valves, wherein the three heat exchangers are respectively marked as a heat exchanger I, a heat exchanger II and a heat exchanger III, the heat exchanger I and the heat exchanger II respectively comprise a flue gas channel and a water channel, and the heat exchanger III comprises a refrigerant steam channel and a refrigerant channel; the five throttles are respectively marked as a first throttle (V1), a second throttle (V2), a third throttle (V3), a fourth throttle (V4) and a fifth throttle (V5); the working medium pair of the system is R22-DEGDME; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the generator comprises a dilute solution inlet, a refrigerant vapor outlet (R1), a concentrated solution outlet I (S4) and a flue gas discharge port (G1); the absorber comprises a concentrated solution inlet (S6), a dilute solution outlet I (S1), a refrigerant steam inlet (R6), a backwater inlet (W1) and a water outlet (W2); the solution heat exchanger includes a dilute solution inlet (S2), a dilute solution outlet II (S3), a concentrated solution inlet and a concentrated solution outlet II (S5);
a dilute solution outlet I (S1) of the absorber is connected to a dilute solution inlet of the generator after passing through a dilute solution channel of the solution heat exchanger after passing through the solution pump;
the refrigerant vapor outlet (R1) of the generator is divided into two paths after passing through the first throttling valve (V1), one path is connected to an accumulator after passing through the refrigerant vapor channel of the condenser, and the outlet of the accumulator is connected to the refrigerant inlet (R4) of the evaporator after passing through the refrigerant channel of the exchanger III; the other path is connected to a refrigerant inlet (R4) of the evaporator after passing through the second throttling valve (V2);
the concentrated solution outlet I (S4) of the generator is connected to the concentrated solution inlet (S6) of the absorber after passing through the concentrated solution channel of the solution heat exchanger;
a water outlet (W2) of the absorber is connected to a hot water supply pipe of a user after passing through a water channel of the condenser and a water channel of the heat exchanger I in sequence, and a water return pipe of the user is connected to a water return inlet (W1) of the absorber after passing through a water pump;
a flue gas discharge port (G1) of the generator is sequentially discharged through the flue gas channels of the heat exchanger I and the heat exchanger II, and a refrigerant vapor outlet of the evaporator is sequentially connected to a refrigerant vapor inlet (R6) of the absorber after passing through the refrigerant channel of the heat exchanger II and the refrigerant vapor channel of the heat exchanger III;
the third throttle valve (V3) is provided on a line where the rich solution outlet ii (S5) of the solution heat exchanger is connected to the rich solution inlet (S6) of the absorber, the fourth throttle valve (V4) is provided on a line where the lean solution outlet ii (S3) of the solution heat exchanger is connected to the lean solution inlet of the generator, and the fifth throttle valve (V5) is provided on a line where the refrigerant outlet (R3) of the refrigerant passage of the heat exchanger iii is connected to the refrigerant inlet (R4) of the evaporator.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112097416A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-12-18 | 天津大学 | Novel gas air source absorption heat pump system with flue gas waste heat recovery function |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112097416A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-12-18 | 天津大学 | Novel gas air source absorption heat pump system with flue gas waste heat recovery function |
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