CN108036384B - Energy station system based on thermoelectric unit steam extraction and operation method - Google Patents
Energy station system based on thermoelectric unit steam extraction and operation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108036384B CN108036384B CN201711494953.8A CN201711494953A CN108036384B CN 108036384 B CN108036384 B CN 108036384B CN 201711494953 A CN201711494953 A CN 201711494953A CN 108036384 B CN108036384 B CN 108036384B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/08—Hot-water central heating systems in combination with systems for domestic hot-water supply
- F24D3/087—Tap water heat exchangers specially adapted therefore
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
- F01K17/02—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/10—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/18—Hot-water central heating systems using heat pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
- F24F3/06—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the arrangements for the supply of heat-exchange fluid for the subsequent treatment of primary air in the room units
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/12—Heat pump
- F24D2200/126—Absorption type heat pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
- F24D2220/02—Fluid distribution means
- F24D2220/0271—Valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
- F24D2220/06—Heat exchangers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/12—Hot water central heating systems using heat pumps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an energy station system based on thermoelectric unit steam extraction and an operation method. The cost of the combined cooling heating and power system based on natural gas as primary energy is high. In the invention, the following components are added: the condensing turbine and the waste heat boiler are connected with a back pressure machine of the energy station through a steam extraction main pipe, the back pressure machine is respectively connected with the absorption heat pump and the heat network heater through a steam extraction pipe, and the back pressure machine is respectively connected with the first steam heat exchanger and the second steam heat exchanger through a steam exhaust pipe. When heating, the absorption heat pump and the first steam heat exchanger are utilized to heat the heat supply network water at the same time, and then the heat supply network heater is utilized to heat the heat supply network water at the second stage; during refrigeration, an absorption heat pump and a hot water type absorption refrigerator are utilized to provide refrigeration capacity for the outside; when the domestic hot water is supplied, the domestic hot water is heated by utilizing the steam exhaust of the back press and steam in the energy station system. The invention takes the secondary energy steam of the cogeneration system as the primary energy source of the energy station, thereby improving the economic benefit of the cogeneration system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of combined cooling, heating and power, and particularly relates to an energy station system based on steam extraction of a thermoelectric unit and an operation method.
Background
At present, the policy in China gradually pays attention to popularization of new energy sources, and reduces the proportion of thermal power generating units. For thermal power plants, the exhaust steam of the steam turbine is usually directly discharged through an air cooling or water cooling mode, which causes huge cold end loss. For example, the energy utilization rate of a 300MW subcritical pure condensing unit is about 38%, wherein the cold end loss accounts for about 45%, and the energy utilization rate of the unit can be improved to 60% after steam extraction and heat supply are adopted. At present, the industrial heat supply type thermoelectric unit is limited in development and energy efficiency improvement because of limited market development due to single industrial user and extremely limited amount of externally available industrial steam.
Meanwhile, the combined cooling, heating and power supply system is also attracting attention with the prominence of energy problems. On one hand, the energy cascade utilization of the combined cooling, heating and power system has higher energy utilization efficiency; on the other hand, the triple co-generation system using natural gas can effectively reduce the emission of greenhouse gases and atmospheric pollutants, such as: the patent number 201620344926.7 is a Chinese patent, which discloses a combined cooling, heating and power system for making ice by utilizing LNG and taking natural gas as fuel. However, the price of the natural gas fuel with high price causes a certain constraint to the development of a combined cooling, heating and power system based on the natural gas as primary energy. The invention discloses a novel energy station system for combined cooling, heating and power, which is invented for overcoming the factor of high natural gas fuel cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above situation, the invention overcomes the defects existing in the prior art, and provides the energy station system based on the thermoelectric unit steam extraction and the operation method, which are reasonable in design, reliable in performance and favorable for realizing energy cascade utilization.
The invention solves the problems by adopting the following technical scheme: an energy station system based on thermoelectric unit steam extraction comprises a cogeneration unit, an energy station and an external water source; the combined heat and power generation unit is characterized by comprising a condensing turbine, a main generator and a condenser, wherein the energy station comprises a back press, a secondary generator, an absorption heat pump, a secondary drainage heat exchanger, a heat supply network heat exchanger, a first steam heat exchanger, a second steam heat exchanger, a primary drainage heat exchanger, a hot water type absorption refrigerator and a cooling tower;
the steam exhaust port of the condensing turbine is connected with the condenser; the steam extraction port of the condensing steam turbine is connected with the steam inlet of the back press through a steam extraction main pipe, and a first valve is arranged on the steam extraction main pipe; the condenser is connected with a drainage outlet of the secondary drainage heat exchanger through a drainage return water main pipe, and a second valve is arranged on the drainage return water main pipe;
the back pressure machine is respectively connected with a steam inlet of the absorption heat pump and a steam inlet of the heat supply network heat exchanger through a steam extraction pipe, and the steam inlet of the absorption heat pump and the steam inlet of the heat supply network heat exchanger are respectively provided with a third valve and a fourteenth valve; the drainage inlet of the primary drainage pipe is respectively connected with the drainage outlet of the absorption heat pump and the drainage outlet of the heat supply network heat exchanger, and the drainage outlet of the absorption heat pump and the drainage outlet of the heat supply network heat exchanger are respectively provided with a fourth valve and a fifteenth valve; the steam outlet of the back press is respectively connected with the steam inlet of the first steam heat exchanger and the steam inlet of the second steam heat exchanger through steam exhaust pipes, and the twenty-first valve and the twenty-third valve are respectively arranged at the steam inlet of the first steam heat exchanger and the steam inlet of the second steam heat exchanger; the drain inlet of the steam exhaust drain pipe is respectively connected with the drain outlet of the first steam heat exchanger and the drain outlet of the second steam heat exchanger, and the drain outlet of the first steam heat exchanger and the drain outlet of the second steam heat exchanger are respectively provided with a nineteenth valve and a twenty-fourth valve; the drain inlet of the secondary drain pipe is respectively connected with the drain outlet of the primary drain pipe and the drain outlet of the steam exhaust drain pipe, the drain outlet of the secondary drain pipe is respectively connected with the drain inlet of the hot water type absorption refrigerator and the drain inlet of the primary drain heat exchanger, and the drain inlet of the hot water type absorption refrigerator and the drain inlet of the primary drain heat exchanger are respectively provided with a twenty-ninth valve and a twenty-fifth valve; the water drain inlet of the tertiary water drain pipe is respectively connected with the water drain outlet of the hot water type absorption refrigerator and the water drain outlet of the primary water drain heat exchanger, and the water drain outlet of the hot water type absorption refrigerator and the water drain outlet of the primary water drain heat exchanger are respectively provided with a thirty-first valve and a twenty-second valve; the drainage outlet of the tertiary drainage pipe is connected with the drainage inlet of the secondary drainage heat exchanger; the circulating water inlet and the circulating water outlet of the secondary drainage heat exchanger are respectively provided with a twelfth valve and an eleventh valve, and the circulating water supply pipe is provided with a seventh valve; the water return main pipe is respectively connected with the absorption heat pump, the first steam heat exchanger and the hot water type absorption refrigerator, and a sixth valve, a twenty-second valve and a thirty-second valve are respectively arranged at a water return inlet of the absorption heat pump, a water return inlet of the first steam heat exchanger and a water return inlet of the hot water type absorption refrigerator; the water return inlet of the heat supply network heat exchanger is respectively connected with the water return outlet of the absorption heat pump and the water return outlet of the first steam heat exchanger, and a seventeenth valve, a fifth valve and a twenty-first valve are respectively arranged on the water return inlet of the heat supply network heat exchanger, the water return outlet of the absorption heat pump and the water return outlet of the first steam heat exchanger; the water supply main pipe is respectively connected with a water return outlet of the heat supply network heat exchanger and a water return outlet of the hot water type absorption refrigerator, and the water return outlet of the heat supply network heat exchanger and the water return outlet of the hot water type absorption refrigerator are respectively provided with a sixteenth valve and a thirty-first valve; the hot water type absorption refrigerator is also connected with the cooling tower through a closed circulation water return pipe and a closed circulation water supply pipe respectively, and the closed circulation water return pipe and the closed circulation water supply pipe are provided with a thirty-fourth valve and a thirty-third valve respectively; the domestic hot water return pipe is connected with a domestic water inlet of the primary hydrophobic heat exchanger, a domestic water outlet of the primary hydrophobic heat exchanger is connected with a domestic water inlet of the second steam heat exchanger, and a thirty-sixth valve and a thirty-seventh valve are respectively arranged at the domestic water inlet and the domestic water outlet of the primary hydrophobic heat exchanger; and a domestic water outlet of the second steam heat exchanger is connected with a domestic hot water supply pipe.
Preferably, the cogeneration unit further comprises a shaft seal heater and a waste heat boiler, a steam outlet of the waste heat boiler is connected with a steam inlet of the condensing turbine through a main steam pipe, a first regulating valve is installed at the steam inlet of the condensing turbine, the main steam pipe is connected with a steam extracting main pipe through a main steam bypass, a second regulating valve is installed on the main steam pipe, and a third regulating valve is installed at a steam extraction port of the condensing turbine.
Preferably, the external water source comprises a surface water source and a ground water source, wherein the surface water source is from a river, a lake or closed circulating water; during refrigeration, the closed circulating water is communicated with a cooling tower, and the cooling tower is used for cooling the closed circulating water; when heating, the closed circulating water is disconnected from the cooling tower, and the secondary drainage heat exchanger provides heat for the closed circulating water.
Preferably, the absorption heat pump is a steam type double-effect absorption heat pump unit, and the absorption heat pump is used for heating or refrigerating.
Preferably, the water drain side of the secondary water drain heat exchanger is provided with a second water drain bypass, and the second water drain bypass is provided with an eighth valve; a circulating water bypass is arranged on the circulating water side of the secondary drainage heat exchanger, and a thirteenth valve is arranged on the circulating water bypass; a first drainage bypass is arranged on the drainage side of the hot water type absorption refrigerator, and a thirty-fifth valve is arranged on the first drainage bypass; a heat supply network water bypass is arranged on the backwater side of the heat supply network heat exchanger, and an eighteenth valve is arranged on the heat supply network water bypass; the domestic water side of the primary hydrophobic heat exchanger is provided with a domestic water bypass, and the domestic water bypass is provided with a twenty-seventh valve.
Preferably, the domestic hot water return pipe is provided with a domestic water supplementing pipe, and the domestic water supplementing pipe is provided with a twenty-eighth valve.
An operating method of the energy station system based on thermoelectric unit extraction, the operating method is as follows:
s1: when the working condition is operated all the year round, the outside world has the living hot water demand; the primary drainage heat exchanger and the second steam heat exchanger heat domestic water from the domestic hot water return pipe in a cascade manner, and the heated domestic water is externally supplied by the domestic hot water supply pipe; at this time, according to the backwater pressure change of the domestic water, the domestic water replenishing pipe is utilized to replenish water quantity to the domestic hot water return pipe;
at the moment, the heat source of the second steam heat exchanger is from the exhaust steam of the back press;
the heat sources of the primary drainage heat exchanger are from drainage of the absorption heat pump, drainage of the second steam heat exchanger and drainage of the first steam heat exchanger in summer and at the beginning and end of winter heating; and in the winter heating alpine period, the heat source of the primary drainage heat exchanger is from drainage of the absorption heat pump, drainage of the second steam heat exchanger, drainage of the first steam heat exchanger and drainage of the heat supply network heat exchanger.
When the external refrigeration working condition is in summer, corresponding valves are closed, so that the secondary drainage heat exchanger, the heat supply network heat exchanger and the first steam heat exchanger are not put into operation; at the moment, the absorption heat pump is driven by steam extracted by the back pressure machine, takes an external water source as cooling water, and provides refrigerating capacity for external users through a backwater main pipe and a water supply main pipe; the hot water type absorption refrigerator is driven by high temperature drainage output by the absorption heat pump and the second steam heat exchanger, closed circulating water in the cooling tower is used as cooling water, and the water return main pipe and the water supply main pipe provide refrigerating capacity for external users.
When heating is started in winter, corresponding valves are closed, so that the heat supply network heat exchanger, the hot water type absorption refrigerator and the cooling tower are not put into operation; at the moment, the absorption heat pump and the first steam heat exchanger are utilized to heat backwater from the backwater main pipe simultaneously, and the backwater after being heated provides heat supply for external users through the main pipe;
at the moment, the heat source of the first steam heat exchanger is from exhaust steam of the back press; the driving heat source of the absorption heat pump is used for extracting steam from the back press; the absorption heat pump takes an external water source as a low-temperature heat source, and simultaneously utilizes the secondary drainage heat exchanger to recycle drainage heat from the tertiary drainage pipe to heat the low-temperature heat source of the absorption heat pump, so that heat is provided for the low-temperature heat source.
When in a winter heating and high-cold period, corresponding valves are closed, so that the hot water type absorption refrigerator and the cooling tower are not put into operation; at the moment, the absorption heat pump and the first steam heat exchanger are used for heating the backwater from the backwater main pipe simultaneously, then the heat supply net heat exchanger is used for reheating the backwater, and the backwater after the reheating is used for providing heat supply for external users through the water supply main pipe;
at the moment, the heat source of the first steam heat exchanger is from exhaust steam of the back press; the driving heat source of the absorption heat pump and the heat source of the heat supply network heat exchanger are used for extracting steam from the steam of the back press; the absorption heat pump takes an external water source as a low-temperature heat source, and simultaneously utilizes the secondary drainage heat exchanger to recycle drainage heat from the tertiary drainage pipe to heat the low-temperature heat source of the absorption heat pump, so that heat is provided for the low-temperature heat source.
Preferably, the second steam heat exchanger and the primary drainage heat exchanger are connected in series when heating the activated water; the absorption heat pump and the heat supply network heat exchanger are connected in series when the water is heated, and the absorption heat pump and the first steam heat exchanger are connected in parallel when the water is heated.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects: (1) The invention has reasonable design, simple structure and reliable performance; when heating, the absorption heat pump and the first steam heat exchanger are utilized to heat the heat supply network water at the same time, and then the heat supply network heat exchanger is utilized to heat the heat supply network water at the second stage; during refrigeration, the absorption heat pump and the hot water type absorption refrigerator are utilized to provide refrigeration capacity for the outside; when the domestic hot water is supplied, the domestic hot water is heated by utilizing steam exhausted by the back press and steam extracted by the back press; based on the principle of cascade utilization of energy, the energy utilization of steam extraction of the thermoelectric unit is reasonably designed, and the comprehensive energy utilization efficiency of the original thermoelectric unit is improved. (2) The secondary energy of the steam extracted by the thermoelectric unit of the thermal power plant is used as the primary energy source of the energy station, so that the problems of over high fuel cost and the like of the combined cooling, heating and power system are effectively solved, and the economic benefit of the combined cooling, heating and power system is improved. (3) The invention provides a new energy station system for extracting steam by utilizing a thermoelectric unit, which is beneficial to developing the heat supply market of the thermoelectric unit and promoting the rapid development of distributed combined cooling heating and power.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy station system based on thermoelectric unit extraction in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy station system including a waste heat boiler based on thermoelectric unit steam extraction in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy station system based on extraction of steam from a thermoelectric unit in an embodiment of the present invention during refrigeration.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy station system based on extraction of steam from a thermoelectric unit at the beginning and end of heat supply in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy station system based on steam extraction of a thermoelectric unit in a high and cold period of heat supply in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and not limited to the following examples.
Referring to fig. 1, an energy station system based on thermoelectric unit extraction comprises a cogeneration unit 61, an energy station 62 and an external water source 7;
the cogeneration unit 61 comprises a condensing turbine 1, a main generator 2 and a condenser 3, and the energy station 62 comprises a back press 11, a secondary generator 12, an absorption heat pump 13, a secondary drainage heat exchanger 14, a heat supply network heat exchanger 15, a first steam heat exchanger 16, a second steam heat exchanger 17, a primary drainage heat exchanger 18, a hot water type absorption refrigerator 19 and a cooling tower 20;
the steam outlet of the condensing turbine 1 is connected with a condenser 3; the steam extraction port of the condensing steam turbine 1 is connected with the steam inlet of the back pressure machine 11 through a steam extraction main pipe 4, and a first valve 8 is arranged on the steam extraction main pipe 4; the condenser 3 is connected with a drain outlet of the secondary drain heat exchanger 14 through a drain return water main pipe 5, and a second valve 9 is arranged on the drain return water main pipe 5;
the back press 11 is respectively connected with a steam inlet of the absorption heat pump 13 and a steam inlet of the heat supply network heat exchanger 15 through a steam extraction pipe 21, and the steam inlet of the absorption heat pump 13 and the steam inlet of the heat supply network heat exchanger 15 are respectively provided with a third valve 131 and a fourteenth valve 151; the drainage inlet of the primary drainage pipe 22 is respectively connected with the drainage outlet of the absorption heat pump 13 and the drainage outlet of the heat network heat exchanger 15, and the drainage outlet of the absorption heat pump 13 and the drainage outlet of the heat network heat exchanger 15 are respectively provided with a fourth valve 132 and a fifteenth valve 152; the steam outlet of the back press 11 is respectively connected with the steam inlet of the first steam heat exchanger 16 and the steam inlet of the second steam heat exchanger 17 through a steam outlet pipe 26, and the steam inlet of the first steam heat exchanger 16 and the steam inlet of the second steam heat exchanger 17 are respectively provided with a twentieth valve 162 and a twenty-third valve 171; the drain inlet of the steam exhaust drain pipe 27 is respectively connected with the drain outlet of the first steam heat exchanger 16 and the drain outlet of the second steam heat exchanger 17, and the drain outlet of the first steam heat exchanger 16 and the drain outlet of the second steam heat exchanger 17 are respectively provided with a nineteenth valve 161 and a twenty-fourth valve 172; the drain inlet of the secondary drain pipe 23 is respectively connected with the drain outlet of the primary drain pipe 22 and the drain outlet of the steam exhaust drain pipe 27, the drain outlet of the secondary drain pipe 23 is respectively connected with the drain inlet of the hot water type absorption refrigerator 19 and the drain inlet of the primary drain heat exchanger 18, and the drain inlet of the hot water type absorption refrigerator 19 and the drain inlet of the primary drain heat exchanger 18 are respectively provided with a twenty-ninth valve 191 and a twenty-fifth valve 181; the drain inlet of the tertiary drain pipe 24 is respectively connected with the drain outlet of the hot water type absorption refrigerator 19 and the drain outlet of the primary drain heat exchanger 18, and the drain outlet of the hot water type absorption refrigerator 19 and the drain outlet of the primary drain heat exchanger 18 are respectively provided with a thirty-first valve 192 and a twenty-sixth valve 182; the drain outlet of the tertiary drain pipe 24 is connected with the drain inlet of the secondary drain heat exchanger 14; the circulating water inlet of the secondary hydrophobic heat exchanger 14 is connected with an external water source 7 through a circulating water return pipe 28, the circulating water outlet of the secondary hydrophobic heat exchanger 14 is connected with an absorption heat pump 13, the absorption heat pump 13 is connected with the external water source 7 through a circulating water supply pipe 29, a twelfth valve 145 and an eleventh valve 144 are respectively arranged at the circulating water inlet and the circulating water outlet of the secondary hydrophobic heat exchanger 14, and a seventh valve 135 is arranged at the circulating water supply pipe 29; the backwater main pipe 34 is respectively connected with the absorption heat pump 13, the first steam heat exchanger 16 and the hot water type absorption refrigerator 19, and a backwater inlet of the absorption heat pump 13, a backwater inlet of the first steam heat exchanger 16 and a backwater inlet of the hot water type absorption refrigerator 19 are respectively provided with a sixth valve 134, a twenty-second valve 164 and a thirty-second valve 194; the backwater inlet of the heat supply network heat exchanger 15 is respectively connected with the backwater outlet of the absorption heat pump 13 and the backwater outlet of the first steam heat exchanger 16, and the backwater inlet of the heat supply network heat exchanger 15, the backwater outlet of the absorption heat pump 13 and the backwater outlet of the first steam heat exchanger 16 are respectively provided with a seventeenth valve 154, a fifth valve 133 and a twenty-first valve 163; the water supply main pipe 36 is respectively connected with a water return outlet of the heat supply network heat exchanger 15 and a water return outlet of the hot water type absorption refrigerator 19, and the water return outlet of the heat supply network heat exchanger 15 and the water return outlet of the hot water type absorption refrigerator 19 are respectively provided with a sixteenth valve 153 and a thirty-first valve 193; the hot water type absorption refrigerator 19 is also connected with the cooling tower 20 through a closed circulation water return pipe 32 and a closed circulation water supply pipe 33 respectively, and the closed circulation water return pipe 32 and the closed circulation water supply pipe 33 are provided with a thirty-fourth valve 196 and a thirty-third valve 195 respectively; the domestic hot water return pipe 37 is connected with a domestic water inlet of the primary hydrophobic heat exchanger 18, a domestic water outlet of the primary hydrophobic heat exchanger 18 is connected with a domestic water inlet of the second steam heat exchanger 17, and a thirty-sixth valve 185 and a thirty-seventh valve 186 are respectively arranged at the domestic water inlet and the domestic water outlet of the primary hydrophobic heat exchanger 18; the domestic water outlet of the second steam heat exchanger 17 is connected to a domestic hot water supply pipe 38.
In this embodiment, the external water source 7 includes a surface water source and a groundwater source, the surface water source is from a river, a lake or closed cycle water; during refrigeration, the closed circulating water is communicated with the cooling tower 20, and the closed circulating water is cooled by the cooling tower; during heat supply, the closed circulating water is disconnected from the cooling tower 20, and the secondary hydrophobic heat exchanger 14 provides heat for the closed circulating water.
In this embodiment, the absorption heat pump 13 is a steam-type double-effect absorption heat pump unit, and the absorption heat pump 13 supplies heat or cools heat to the outside.
Referring to fig. 2, the cogeneration unit 61 further includes a shaft seal heater 51 and a waste heat boiler 52, a steam outlet of the waste heat boiler 52 is connected with a steam inlet of the condensing turbine 1 through a main steam pipe 53, a first regulating valve 55 is installed at the steam inlet of the condensing turbine 1, the main steam pipe 53 is connected with the steam extracting main pipe 4 through a main steam bypass 54, a second regulating valve 56 is installed at the main steam pipe 53, a third regulating valve 57 is installed at a steam outlet of the condensing turbine 1, and at this time, the cogeneration unit 61 is a unit of the gas-steam cogeneration system.
Referring to fig. 3, 4 and 5, the operation method of the energy station system based on the extraction of steam from the thermoelectric unit is as follows:
s1: when the working condition is operated all the year round, the outside world has the living hot water demand; the primary hydrophobic heat exchanger 18 and the second steam heat exchanger 17 heat the domestic water from the domestic hot water return pipe 37 in steps, and the heated domestic water is supplied to the outside from the domestic hot water supply pipe 38; at this time, the domestic hot water return pipe 37 is supplemented with water by the domestic water supplementing pipe 40 according to the change of the return water pressure of the domestic water;
at this time, the heat source of the second steam heat exchanger 17 comes from the exhaust steam of the back press 11;
the heat sources of the primary heat rejection heat exchanger 18 come from the heat rejection of the absorption heat pump 13, the heat rejection of the second steam heat exchanger 17 and the heat rejection of the first steam heat exchanger 16 during the summer and winter heating initiation phases; in the winter heating alpine period, the heat source of the primary drainage heat exchanger 18 comes from drainage of the absorption heat pump 13, drainage of the second steam heat exchanger 17, drainage of the first steam heat exchanger 16 and drainage of the heat supply network heat exchanger 15.
When the external refrigeration working condition is in summer, corresponding valves are closed, so that the secondary drainage heat exchanger 14, the heat network heat exchanger 15 and the first steam heat exchanger 16 are not put into operation; at this time, the absorption heat pump 13 is driven by the steam extracted by the back pressure machine 11, uses the external water source 7 as cooling water, and provides refrigeration capacity for external users through the backwater main pipe 34 and the water supply main pipe 36; the hot water type absorption refrigerator 19 is driven by high temperature drainage output by the absorption heat pump 13 and the second steam heat exchanger 17, takes closed circulating water in the cooling tower 20 as cooling water, and provides refrigerating capacity for external users through the water return main pipe 34 and the water supply main pipe 36.
When heating is started in winter, corresponding valves are closed, so that the heat supply network heat exchanger 15, the hot water type absorption refrigerator 19 and the cooling tower 20 are not put into operation; at this time, the absorption heat pump 13 and the first steam heat exchanger 16 are utilized to heat the backwater from the backwater main pipe 34 at the same time, and the backwater after being heated provides heat supply for external users through the main water supply pipe 36;
at this time, the heat source of the first steam heat exchanger 16 comes from the exhaust steam of the back press 11; the driving heat source of the absorption heat pump 13 is from the steam extraction of the back press 11; the absorption heat pump 13 uses the external water source 7 as a low-temperature heat source, and simultaneously utilizes the secondary hydrophobic heat exchanger 14 to recover hydrophobic heat from the tertiary hydrophobic pipe 24, and heats the low-temperature heat source of the absorption heat pump 13, thereby providing heat for the low-temperature heat source.
When in a winter heating and high-cold period, corresponding valves are closed, so that the hot water type absorption refrigerator 19 and the cooling tower 20 are not put into operation; at this time, the absorption heat pump 13 and the first steam heat exchanger 16 are utilized to heat the backwater from the backwater main pipe 34 at the same time, then the heat supply net heat exchanger 15 is utilized to heat the backwater again, and the backwater after the secondary heating is supplied with heat by the main water supply pipe 36 for external users;
at this time, the heat source of the first steam heat exchanger 16 comes from the exhaust steam of the back press 11; the driving heat source of the absorption heat pump 13 and the heat source of the heat supply network heat exchanger 15 are from the steam extraction of the back press 11; the absorption heat pump 13 uses the external water source 7 as a low-temperature heat source, and simultaneously utilizes the secondary hydrophobic heat exchanger 14 to recover hydrophobic heat from the tertiary hydrophobic pipe 24, and heats the low-temperature heat source of the absorption heat pump 13, thereby providing heat for the low-temperature heat source.
When the energy station system based on the extraction of the thermoelectric unit is in operation, the second steam heat exchanger 17 and the primary drainage heat exchanger 18 are connected in series when heating the generated water; the absorption heat pump 13 and the heat network heat exchanger 15 are connected in series when heating backwater, and the absorption heat pump 13 and the first steam heat exchanger 16 are connected in parallel when heating backwater.
In addition, it should be noted that the specific embodiments described in the present specification may vary from part to part, from name to name, etc., and the above description in the present specification is merely illustrative of the structure of the present invention. Equivalent or simple changes of the structure, characteristics and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or substitutions in a similar manner without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (7)
1. An energy station system based on thermoelectric unit steam extraction comprises a cogeneration unit (61), an energy station (62) and an external water source (7); the combined heat and power generation unit (61) comprises a condensing turbine (1), a main generator (2) and a condenser (3), wherein the energy station (62) comprises a back press (11), a secondary generator (12), an absorption heat pump (13), a secondary hydrophobic heat exchanger (14), a heat supply network heat exchanger (15), a first steam heat exchanger (16), a second steam heat exchanger (17), a primary hydrophobic heat exchanger (18), a hot water type absorption refrigerator (19) and a cooling tower (20);
the steam outlet of the condensing turbine (1) is connected with the condenser (3); the steam extraction port of the condensing steam turbine (1) is connected with the steam inlet of the back pressure machine (11) through a steam extraction main pipe (4), and a first valve (8) is arranged on the steam extraction main pipe (4); the condenser (3) is connected with a drainage outlet of the secondary drainage heat exchanger (14) through a drainage return water main pipe (5), and a second valve (9) is arranged on the drainage return water main pipe (5);
the back pressure machine (11) is respectively connected with a steam inlet of the absorption heat pump (13) and a steam inlet of the heat supply network heat exchanger (15) through a steam extraction pipe (21), and a third valve (131) and a fourteenth valve (151) are respectively arranged at the steam inlet of the absorption heat pump (13) and the steam inlet of the heat supply network heat exchanger (15); the drainage inlet of the primary drainage pipe (22) is respectively connected with the drainage outlet of the absorption heat pump (13) and the drainage outlet of the heat supply network heat exchanger (15), and the drainage outlet of the absorption heat pump (13) and the drainage outlet of the heat supply network heat exchanger (15) are respectively provided with a fourth valve (132) and a fifteenth valve (152); the steam outlet of the back pressure machine (11) is respectively connected with the steam inlet of the first steam heat exchanger (16) and the steam inlet of the second steam heat exchanger (17) through a steam outlet pipe (26), and a twenty-second valve (162) and a twenty-third valve (171) are respectively arranged at the steam inlet of the first steam heat exchanger (16) and the steam inlet of the second steam heat exchanger (17); the drain inlet of the steam exhaust drain pipe (27) is respectively connected with the drain outlet of the first steam heat exchanger (16) and the drain outlet of the second steam heat exchanger (17), and the drain outlet of the first steam heat exchanger (16) and the drain outlet of the second steam heat exchanger (17) are respectively provided with a nineteenth valve (161) and a twenty-fourth valve (172); the drain inlet of the secondary drain pipe (23) is respectively connected with the drain outlet of the primary drain pipe (22) and the drain outlet of the steam exhaust drain pipe (27), the drain outlet of the secondary drain pipe (23) is respectively connected with the drain inlet of the hot water type absorption refrigerator (19) and the drain inlet of the primary drain heat exchanger (18), and the drain inlet of the hot water type absorption refrigerator (19) and the drain inlet of the primary drain heat exchanger (18) are respectively provided with a twenty-ninth valve (191) and a twenty-fifth valve (181); the drain inlet of the third drain pipe (24) is respectively connected with the drain outlet of the hot water type absorption refrigerator (19) and the drain outlet of the primary drain heat exchanger (18), and the drain outlet of the hot water type absorption refrigerator (19) and the drain outlet of the primary drain heat exchanger (18) are respectively provided with a thirty-first valve (192) and a twenty-sixth valve (182); the hydrophobic outlet of the tertiary hydrophobic pipe (24) is connected with the hydrophobic inlet of the secondary hydrophobic heat exchanger (14); the circulating water inlet of the secondary hydrophobic heat exchanger (14) is connected with an external water source (7) through a circulating water return pipe (28), the circulating water outlet of the secondary hydrophobic heat exchanger (14) is connected with an absorption heat pump (13), the absorption heat pump (13) is connected with the external water source (7) through a circulating water supply pipe (29), a twelfth valve (145) and an eleventh valve (144) are respectively arranged at the circulating water inlet and the circulating water outlet of the secondary hydrophobic heat exchanger (14), and a seventh valve (135) is arranged at the circulating water supply pipe (29); the water return main pipe (34) is respectively connected with the absorption heat pump (13), the first steam heat exchanger (16) and the hot water type absorption refrigerator (19), and a sixth valve (134), a twenty-second valve (164) and a thirty-second valve (194) are respectively arranged at a water return inlet of the absorption heat pump (13), a water return inlet of the first steam heat exchanger (16) and a water return inlet of the hot water type absorption refrigerator (19); the water return inlet of the heat supply network heat exchanger (15) is respectively connected with the water return outlet of the absorption heat pump (13) and the water return outlet of the first steam heat exchanger (16), and a seventeenth valve (154), a fifth valve (133) and a twenty-first valve (163) are respectively arranged at the water return inlet of the heat supply network heat exchanger (15), the water return outlet of the absorption heat pump (13) and the water return outlet of the first steam heat exchanger (16); the water supply main pipe (36) is respectively connected with a water return outlet of the heat supply network heat exchanger (15) and a water return outlet of the hot water type absorption refrigerator (19), and a sixteenth valve (153) and a thirty-first valve (193) are respectively arranged at the water return outlet of the heat supply network heat exchanger (15) and the water return outlet of the hot water type absorption refrigerator (19); the hot water type absorption refrigerator (19) is further connected with the cooling tower (20) through a closed circulation water return pipe (32) and a closed circulation water supply pipe (33), and the closed circulation water return pipe (32) and the closed circulation water supply pipe (33) are respectively provided with a thirty-fourth valve (196) and a thirty-third valve (195); the domestic hot water return pipe (37) is connected with a domestic water inlet of the primary hydrophobic heat exchanger (18), a domestic water outlet of the primary hydrophobic heat exchanger (18) is connected with a domestic water inlet of the second steam heat exchanger (17), and a thirty-sixth valve (185) and a thirty-seventh valve (186) are respectively arranged at the domestic water inlet and the domestic water outlet of the primary hydrophobic heat exchanger (18); the domestic water outlet of the second steam heat exchanger (17) is connected with a domestic hot water supply pipe (38); the domestic hot water return pipe (37) is provided with a domestic water supplementing pipe (40), and a twenty-eighth valve (184) is arranged on the domestic water supplementing pipe (40);
the second steam heat exchanger (17) and the primary drainage heat exchanger (18) are connected in series when heating the living water; the absorption heat pump (13) and the heat network heat exchanger (15) are connected in series when the water is heated, and the absorption heat pump (13) and the first steam heat exchanger (16) are connected in parallel when the water is heated.
2. The energy station system based on thermoelectric unit extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that the cogeneration unit (61) further comprises a shaft seal heater (51) and a waste heat boiler (52), a steam outlet of the waste heat boiler (52) is connected with a steam inlet of the extraction turbine (1) through a main steam pipe (53), a first regulating valve (55) is installed at the steam inlet of the extraction turbine (1), the main steam pipe (53) is connected with the steam extraction main pipe (4) through a main steam bypass (54), a second regulating valve (56) is installed at the main steam pipe (53), and a third regulating valve (57) is installed at the steam outlet of the extraction turbine (1).
3. Energy station system based on thermoelectric unit extraction according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the external water source (7) comprises a surface water source and a groundwater source, the surface water source being from a river, lake or closed cycle water.
4. The energy station system based on thermoelectric unit extraction according to claim 3, wherein the closed circulating water is communicated with a cooling tower (20) during refrigeration, and the closed circulating water is cooled by the cooling tower (20); when heating, the closed circulating water is disconnected from the cooling tower (20), and the secondary hydrophobic heat exchanger (14) provides heat for the closed circulating water.
5. The energy station system based on thermoelectric unit extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that the absorption heat pump (13) is a steam type double effect absorption heat pump unit, and the absorption heat pump (13) is used for heating or cooling to the outside.
6. The energy station system based on thermoelectric unit extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydrophobic side of the secondary hydrophobic heat exchanger (14) is provided with a second hydrophobic bypass (25), said second hydrophobic bypass (25) being fitted with an eighth valve (141); a circulating water bypass (30) is arranged on the circulating water side of the secondary hydrophobic heat exchanger (14), and a thirteenth valve (146) is arranged on the circulating water bypass (30); a first drain bypass (31) is arranged on the drain side of the hot water type absorption refrigerator (19), and a thirty-fifth valve (197) is arranged on the first drain bypass (31); a heat supply network water bypass (35) is arranged on the water return side of the heat supply network heat exchanger (15), and an eighteenth valve (155) is arranged on the heat supply network water bypass (35); the domestic water side of the primary hydrophobic heat exchanger (18) is provided with a domestic water bypass (39), and the domestic water bypass (39) is provided with a twenty-seventh valve (183).
7. A method of operating the thermoelectric unit extraction based energy station system of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the method of operation is as follows:
s1: when the working condition is operated all the year round, the outside world has the living hot water demand; the primary hydrophobic heat exchanger (18) and the second steam heat exchanger (17) heat domestic water from a domestic hot water return pipe (37) in a cascade manner, and the heated domestic water is externally supplied by a domestic hot water supply pipe (38); at this time, according to the backwater pressure change of the domestic water, the domestic water supplementing pipe (40) is utilized to supplement the water quantity to the domestic hot water return pipe (37);
at the moment, the heat source of the second steam heat exchanger (17) is from the exhaust steam of the back press (11);
the heat source of the primary drainage heat exchanger (18) is from drainage of the absorption heat pump (13), drainage of the second steam heat exchanger (17) and drainage of the first steam heat exchanger (16) during summer and winter heating initial stages; in a winter heating alpine period, the heat source of the primary drainage heat exchanger (18) is from drainage of the absorption heat pump (13), drainage of the second steam heat exchanger (17), drainage of the first steam heat exchanger (16) and drainage of the heat supply network heat exchanger (15);
when the external refrigeration working condition is in summer, corresponding valves are closed, so that the secondary drainage heat exchanger (14), the heat network heat exchanger (15) and the first steam heat exchanger (16) are not put into operation; at the moment, the absorption heat pump (13) is driven by steam extracted by the back pressure machine (11) to take an external water source (7) as cooling water, and provides refrigerating capacity for external users through a backwater main pipe (34) and a water supply main pipe (36); the hot water type absorption refrigerator (19) is driven by high temperature drainage output by the absorption heat pump (13) and the second steam heat exchanger (17), closed circulating water in the cooling tower (20) is used as cooling water, and refrigeration capacity is provided for external users through a water return main pipe (34) and a water supply main pipe (36);
when heating is started in winter, corresponding valves are closed, so that the heat supply network heat exchanger (15), the hot water type absorption refrigerator (19) and the cooling tower (20) are not put into operation; at the moment, the absorption heat pump (13) and the first steam heat exchanger (16) are utilized to heat backwater from the backwater main pipe (34) at the same time, and the backwater after being heated is supplied with heat by the main water supply pipe (36) for external users;
at the moment, the heat source of the first steam heat exchanger (16) is from the exhaust steam of the back press (11); the driving heat source of the absorption heat pump (13) is used for extracting steam from the back press (11); the absorption heat pump (13) takes an external water source (7) as a low-temperature heat source, and simultaneously utilizes the secondary drainage heat exchanger (14) to recycle drainage heat from the tertiary drainage pipe (24) to heat the low-temperature heat source of the absorption heat pump (13), so as to provide heat for the low-temperature heat source;
when in a winter heating and high-cold period, corresponding valves are closed, so that the hot water type absorption refrigerator (19) and the cooling tower (20) are not put into operation; at the moment, the absorption heat pump (13) and the first steam heat exchanger (16) are used for heating the backwater from the backwater main pipe (34) at the same time, then the heat supply net heat exchanger (15) is used for reheating the backwater, and the backwater after secondary heating is used for providing heat supply for external users through the main water supply pipe (36);
at the moment, the heat source of the first steam heat exchanger (16) is from the exhaust steam of the back press (11); the heat source of the absorption heat pump (13) and the heat source of the heat supply network heat exchanger (15) are from the steam extraction of the back press (11); the absorption heat pump (13) takes an external water source (7) as a low-temperature heat source, and simultaneously utilizes the secondary drainage heat exchanger (14) to recycle drainage heat from the tertiary drainage pipe (24) to heat the low-temperature heat source of the absorption heat pump (13), so that heat is provided for the low-temperature heat source.
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| CN110763995B (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2021-10-08 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Steam pressure control simulation system of steam extraction thermoelectric unit |
| CN108800268B (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2023-07-04 | 国能龙源电力技术工程有限责任公司 | Heating system and method suitable for long-distance heat supply |
| CN109579108B (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2023-08-29 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | High-backpressure coupling large-temperature-difference heating system for air cooling unit and operation method |
| CN111306597A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-06-19 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | Deep energy-saving comprehensive utilization and recovery system and method of closed circulating water waste heat in thermal power plant |
| CN111780195B (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2021-09-03 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | Supercritical unit improved heat supply network drainage system and working method thereof |
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