CN213109754U - Ship propulsion device with main engine automatically matched with propeller rotating speed and torque - Google Patents
Ship propulsion device with main engine automatically matched with propeller rotating speed and torque Download PDFInfo
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- CN213109754U CN213109754U CN202021892223.0U CN202021892223U CN213109754U CN 213109754 U CN213109754 U CN 213109754U CN 202021892223 U CN202021892223 U CN 202021892223U CN 213109754 U CN213109754 U CN 213109754U
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Abstract
A ship propulsion device with a main engine automatically matched with the rotating speed and torque of a propeller belongs to the technical field of ship equipment, and is formed by connecting an internal combustion engine, a clutch, a gear box, a speed change device and a propeller; the utility model can combine the output rotating speed and the output torque of the internal combustion engine at any power output point, so that the internal combustion engine can operate at the output power point with the minimum oil consumption; the speed change device can automatically find a power point on a propeller propulsion characteristic curve which is equal to the input power of the internal combustion engine according to the output power of the internal combustion engine, and automatically adjust the output rotating speed and the torque to the rotating speed and the torque corresponding to the power; when the engine propeller is not matched at the optimal working point due to the working conditions of heavy load, low speed navigation and the like of the ship, the internal combustion engine can always run in a high-efficiency area, the oil saving effect is obvious, the oil consumption of the unit power output of the internal combustion engine is reduced, and the running cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of marine facilities, a marine propulsion device is related to, specific saying so relates to a marine propulsion device that host computer and screw rotational speed moment of torsion are automatic to be matchd.
Background
The internal combustion engine drives the ship propulsion system of the propeller through mechanical transmission, the matching of the propeller is carried out according to rated power under rated rotating speed, if the ship is in light load or heavy load working condition and the propulsion characteristic curve of the propeller moves, the internal combustion engine cannot run under the rated rotating speed, the rated power or the optimal efficiency area, the unit power oil consumption of the internal combustion engine is increased, and the running working condition is deteriorated. If the ship sails at a low speed, the propulsion characteristic curve of the propeller is steeper than that of the propulsion internal combustion engine, so that when the ship runs at a specific rotating speed lower than the rated rotating speed, the power of the propulsion internal combustion engine cannot generate power with optimal efficiency at the rotating speed, the unit power oil consumption is increased, and waste is caused.
In actual operation of the ship, the ship cannot completely operate at a designed engine propeller matching point, and the propulsion characteristic curve of the propeller moves and deviates from a rated working condition due to the combination of the conditions of offshore working conditions, loading quantity deviation, aging and abrasion of the machine and the like in the sailing process; the ship needs to sail at low speed, and particularly, the inland river ship runs at low speed for most of time. The existence of these conditions causes significant waste of fuel consumption of the ship.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at that the rotational speed and the moment of torsion to boats and ships screw can not form the matching of settlement with internal-combustion engine output rotational speed and moment of torsion in the actual work process, cause the increase of internal-combustion engine power oil consumption easily, cause deterioration of operating mode not enough, provide a boats and ships advancing device of host computer and screw rotational speed moment of torsion automatic matching, can make output rotational speed and moment of torsion and internal-combustion engine output automatic matching on the screw propulsion characteristic curve, make the internal-combustion engine can both be in the operation of best efficiency point when any power output, greatly reduced the oil consumption of internal-combustion engine unit power output, reduce running cost.
The technical scheme of the utility model: a ship propulsion device with a main engine automatically matched with the rotating speed and torque of a propeller comprises an internal combustion engine and the propeller; the method is characterized in that: the propulsion device also comprises a clutch, a gear box and a speed change device; the speed change device consists of an input shaft, an input wheel central gear, an input planet wheel, an output planet wheel, a planet wheel shaft, an idle wheel shaft, an output central gear, an output shaft, a planet carrier shaft, a planet carrier bearing, a planet wheel bearing and an idle wheel bearing; the input shaft is rotationally connected in the left side machine frame, the planet carrier shaft is rotationally connected in the middle machine frame, the output shaft is rotationally connected in the right side machine frame, the input shaft, the output shaft and the planet carrier shaft are arranged on the same axis, the input shaft is fixedly connected with the input central wheel, the input central wheel and the input planet wheel form external engagement transmission connection, the output shaft is fixedly connected with the output central wheel, the output central wheel and the idle wheel form external engagement transmission connection, the idle wheel and the output planet wheel form external engagement transmission connection, the planet carrier is rotationally connected with the planet carrier shaft through a planet carrier bearing, the planet carrier bearing is uniformly distributed and arranged in the circumferential direction of the planet carrier, the planet carrier shaft passes through the planet carrier bearing, and one end of the planet carrier shaft is fixedly connected with the input planet wheel, the other end with output planet wheel is connected fixedly, input planet wheel, output planet wheel, idler rotate, input planet wheel, output planet wheel, idler and planet carrier revolve around the planet carrier axle as a whole, the internal-combustion engine with it is equipped with the jackshaft to connect between the last input shaft of speed change gear, clutch and gear box set up on the jackshaft, the last output shaft of speed change gear pass through the stern axle with the screw is connected.
The number of the input planet wheels and the number of the output planet wheels are not less than 2.
The input central wheel and the output central wheel which are connected in an external meshing transmission way can be replaced by an input gear ring wheel and an output gear ring wheel which are internally meshed.
The diameter of the input central wheel is smaller than that of the output central wheel in an external meshing state; the diameter of the input central wheel is larger than that of the output central wheel in an inner meshing state, and the rotating speed transmission ratio of the input central wheel to the output central wheel is smaller than 1.
The input planet wheel and the output planet wheel are coaxial and have the same speed.
The idler wheel is arranged on one side of the input planet wheel or one side of the output planet wheel, one end of the idler wheel shaft is fixedly connected with the planet carrier, and the other end of the idler wheel shaft is movably connected with the idler wheel bearing.
The vertical distance L between the center O point of the planet wheel shaft and the planet carrier shaftoIs greater than the vertical distance L between the meshing point B of the output central wheel and the idle wheel and the planet carrier shaftbPerpendicular distance L of meshing point B from planet carrier axisbIs greater than the vertical distance L between the meshing point A of the input central wheel and the input planet wheel and the input shaftaI.e. Lo＞Lb＞La。
The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model provides a ship propulsion device with a main engine automatically matched with the rotating speed and the torque of a propeller, which is formed by connecting an internal combustion engine, a clutch, a gear box, a speed change device and the propeller; the utility model can combine the output rotating speed and the output torque of the internal combustion engine at any power output point, so that the internal combustion engine can operate at the output power point with the minimum oil consumption; the speed change device can automatically find a power point on a propeller propulsion characteristic curve which is equal to the input power of the internal combustion engine according to the output power of the internal combustion engine, and automatically adjust the output rotating speed and the torque to the rotating speed and the torque corresponding to the power; when the ship sails at heavy load, heavy load and low speed to make the engine propeller matching not at the optimal working point, the internal combustion engine can always operate in a high-efficiency area, the oil-saving effect is obvious, the oil consumption of the unit power output of the internal combustion engine is reduced, and the operation cost is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the middle speed-changing device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a universal characteristic curve diagram of the internal combustion engine of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a propeller propulsion torque-power characteristic curve.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a torque-power characteristic curve of a ship at low speed.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the middle transmission device according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of the transmission of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a fourth embodiment of the transmission according to the present invention.
In the figure: the engine comprises an internal combustion engine 1, an intermediate shaft 2, a clutch 3, a gear box 4, a speed changing device 5, a tail shaft 6, a propeller 7, an input shaft 9, an input central wheel 10, an input planet wheel 11, an output planet wheel 12, a planet wheel shaft 13, an idle wheel 14, an idle wheel shaft 15, an output central wheel 16, an output shaft 17, a planet carrier 18, a planet carrier shaft 19, a planet carrier bearing 20, a planet wheel bearing 21, an idle wheel bearing 22, a left side frame 23, an intermediate frame 24 and a right side frame 25.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the following figures and examples:
embodiment mode 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, the input gear and the output gear are externally engaged with a central wheel, the input shaft and the output shaft are opposite in rotation direction, and the input planetary gear and the output planetary gear are coaxial and are in the same speed. The whole device is formed by connecting an internal combustion engine 1, a clutch 3, a gear box 4, a speed change device 5 and a propeller 7; the speed change device 5 consists of an input shaft 9, an input wheel central gear 10, an input planet wheel 11, an output planet wheel 12, a planet wheel shaft 13, an idle wheel 14, an idle wheel shaft 15, an output central gear 16, an output shaft 17, a planet carrier 18, a planet carrier shaft 19, a planet carrier bearing 20, a planet wheel bearing 21 and an idle wheel bearing 22; the input shaft 9 is rotationally connected in a left side frame 23, the planet carrier shaft 19 is rotationally connected in a middle frame 24, the output shaft 17 is rotationally connected in a right side frame 25, the input shaft 9, the output shaft 17 and the planet carrier shaft 19 are arranged on the same axis, the input shaft 9 is fixedly connected with the input central wheel 10, the input central wheel 10 is in external engagement transmission connection with the input planet wheels 11, the output shaft 17 is fixedly connected with the output central wheel 16, the output central wheel 16 is in external engagement transmission connection with the idle wheel 14, the idle wheel 14 is in external engagement transmission connection with the output planet wheels 12, the planet carrier 18 is rotationally connected with the planet carrier shaft 19 through a planet carrier bearing 20, the planet wheel bearings 21 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the planet carrier 18, the planet wheel shaft 13 passes through the planet wheel bearing 21, one end of the planet wheel shaft is fixedly connected with the input planet wheel 11, the other end of the planet, The output planetary gear 12 and the idle gear 14 rotate, the input planetary gear 11, the output planetary gear 12, the idle gear 14 and the planet carrier 18 revolve around a planet carrier shaft 19 as a whole, an intermediate shaft 2 is connected between the internal combustion engine 1 and an input shaft 9 on the speed change device 5, the clutch 3 and the gear box 4 are arranged on the intermediate shaft 2, and an output shaft 17 on the speed change device 5 is connected with the propeller 7 through a stern shaft 6.
As shown in fig. 1-2, in the ship propulsion device with the main engine automatically matched with the rotating speed and the torque of the propeller, the number of the input planet wheels 11 and the number of the output planet wheels 12 are not less than 2; the input central wheel 10 and the output central wheel 16 which are in external meshing transmission connection can be replaced by an input ring gear and an output ring gear which are in internal meshing; the diameter of the input center wheel 10 in the externally engaged state is smaller than the diameter of the output center wheel 16; the diameter of the input center wheel 10 in the internally engaged state is larger than the diameter of the output center wheel 16; the input planet wheel 11 and the output planet wheel 12 are coaxial and have the same speed; the idle wheel 14 is arranged on one side of the input planet wheel 11 or one side of the output planet wheel 12, one end of the idle wheel shaft 15 is fixedly connected with the planet carrier 18, and the other end of the idle wheel shaft is movably connected with the idle wheel bearing 22; perpendicular distance L from center O point of planetary wheel shaft 13 to planetary carrier shaft 19oIs greater than the vertical distance L between the meshing point B of the output central wheel 16 and the idle wheel 14 and the planet carrier shaft 19bPerpendicular distance L of meshing point B from carrier axis 19bIs greater than the vertical distance L between the meshing point A of the input central wheel 10 and the input planet wheel 11 and the input shaft 9aI.e. Lo＞Lb＞La。
As shown in figures 1-2, a ship propulsion device with a main engine automatically matched with the rotating speed and the torque of a propeller, a speed changing device5 driving force F passing through the point A of the input central wheelQAnd resistance FZThe compared force difference makes the planet wheel revolve when the driving force FQGreater than resistance FZThe planet gear is accelerated in the reverse revolution or decelerated in the forward revolution when the driving force F is appliedQLess than resistance FZThe planet gear revolves reversely and decelerates or revolves forwardly and accelerates. The output of the speed change device 5 is accelerated due to the acceleration of the reverse revolution or the deceleration of the forward revolution of the planet wheels, so that the resistance F at the point A is increasedZWhile reducing the driving force F at the point AQ(ii) a The deceleration of the planetary gear in the reverse revolution or the acceleration of the planetary gear in the forward revolution causes the output of the speed change device 5 to decelerate so as to reduce the resistance F at the point AZSimultaneously, the driving force F at the point A is increasedQ. The speed change device 5 can also directly increase or decrease the rotation speed of the input end through the rotation of the planet wheel to transmit the rotation speed of the input end to the output end, and the change of the rotation speed of the output end can cause the resistance FZWith a driving force FQThe compared force difference also drives the planet wheel to revolve. Revolution acceleration or deceleration of the planet wheels enables point A to drive force FQResistance F to point AZUntil equal, the balance state is reached. In the equilibrium state of the transmission 5, the input power at the input end is equal to the output power, i.e. (N), irrespective of the friction loss during the transmissionInto×QInto=NGo out×QGo out) In the formula, NIntoFor input of rotational speed, QIntoFor input torque, NGo outTo output rotational speed, QGo outIs the output torque.
For any given output power output by the internal combustion engine 1, the transmission 5 will automatically match the output speed and torque to the point of the same power level on the propeller propulsion characteristic curve, regardless of the speed and torque of the output power, and adjust its output speed and torque by the revolution of its planet gears to be the same as the speed and torque required by the same power on the propeller propulsion characteristic curve. Therefore, when the internal combustion engine 1 runs at any non-rated engine propeller matching point, the internal combustion engine is not limited by the rotating speed, and the output rotating speed and the torque with the minimum unit power oil consumption can be selected when the internal combustion engine is not rated.
As shown in fig. 3, it is a characteristic curve diagram of the internal combustion engine 1 for propelling a ship, and it can be seen that under the same output power, there are different combinations of rotation speed and torque, but only the combination of rotation speed and torque in the low fuel consumption region can achieve low specific power fuel consumption; similarly, the ship propulsion internal combustion engine can output different powers at a fixed output rotating speed, but the low unit power oil consumption output can be realized only by outputting the corresponding power of the low oil consumption area. The rotating speed of the internal combustion engine 1 of the ship propulsion system automatically matched with the main propeller is not restricted by the propeller, so that the internal combustion engine can be operated in a low oil consumption area at any power output and any rotating speed output with corresponding rotating speed-torque.
As shown in fig. 4, a curve a is a propulsion characteristic curve of the propeller 7 under the rated condition, a curve B is a propulsion characteristic curve of the propeller 7 under the heavy-load condition, a curve C is a propulsion characteristic curve of the propeller 7 under the light-load condition, and a curve D is an external characteristic curve of the internal combustion engine 1. The point a is a rated matching point of the internal combustion engine 1 and the propeller 7, and the unit power oil consumption of the internal combustion engine 1 for propelling the ship is lowest at the point. When the ship is in a heavy load or light load condition, the matching point of the non-engine propeller automatic matching ship propulsion system is moved to the point d or the point e, and the internal combustion engine does not operate in the optimal efficiency area. And the utility model discloses automatic ship propulsion system who matches of type oar can make internal-combustion engine 1 keep rated output rotational speed and rated output through the revolution of 5 planet wheels of speed change gear when boats and ships heavy load or light load condition, and screw 7 deceleration makes the matching point move to c point, or screw 7 acceleration makes the matching point move to b point to make internal-combustion engine 1 work at the maximum efficiency point all the time.
As shown in fig. 5, curve E is a propulsion characteristic curve of the propeller 7 in a rated operation, curve F is an external characteristic curve of the internal combustion engine 1, and point F is a rated matching point of the internal combustion engine 1 and the propeller 7. If the ship sails at low speed, the rotating speed of the propeller 7 is required to be less than naOperating at n1Propelling the internal combustion engine at n by the ship propulsion system with automatic non-engine propeller matching1High efficiency at speed of revolution is PbSubstantially greater than the P required for the propeller 7cThe internal combustion engine is operated in the low-efficiency region, so that the unit power oil consumption is increased. The output rotating speed and the output power of the ship propulsion internal combustion engine 1 of the ship propulsion system with the automatic matching of the propellers of the utility model are not limited by the output rotating speed, and the minimum unit power is obtained by adjusting the combination of the rotating speed and the torqueThe oil consumption outputs Pc power, thereby achieving the purpose of saving oil.
As shown in fig. 6, the present embodiment is similar to embodiment 1, and is applied to a continuously variable transmission in which the input and output planetary gears are coaxial and at the same speed, and the input and output shafts are in opposite directions, only in the transmission 5, the input center gear and the output center gear are ring gears, and the transmission ratio is arbitrary.
As shown in fig. 7, the present embodiment is similar to embodiment 1, but only in the transmission 5, the input center gear and the output center gear are externally meshed center gears, the input shaft and the output shaft are in the same direction, the input center gear diameter is smaller than that of the output center gear, the input/output rotation speed ratio is smaller than 1, and the input planetary gear and the output planetary gear are coaxially arranged at the same speed.
Embodiment 4
As shown in fig. 8, the present embodiment is similar to embodiment 1, but is a continuously variable transmission device in which the transmission 5 has an input gear and an output gear as ring gears, has the same input and output shaft rotational directions, has an input center gear diameter smaller than that of the output center gear, has an input/output rotational speed ratio smaller than 1, and has input and output planetary gears coaxially rotating at the same speed.
In summary, the ship propulsion system with the automatically matched propellers of the utility model can combine the output rotating speed and the output torque of the internal combustion engine 1 at any power output point, so that the internal combustion engine 1 can operate with the minimum oil consumption at the output power point; the speed change device 5 can automatically find a power point on a propulsion characteristic curve of the propeller 7, which is equal to the input power of the internal combustion engine 1, according to the output power of the internal combustion engine 1, and automatically adjust the output rotating speed and the torque to the rotating speed and the torque corresponding to the power; the utility model discloses making the machine oar match when not at the best operating point at boats and ships because of heavy load, strength carry, low-speed navigation, enabling internal-combustion engine 1 to move all the time and distinguishing at the high efficiency, the effect of economizing on fuel is showing.
Claims (7)
1. A ship propulsion device with a main engine automatically matched with the rotating speed and the torque of a propeller comprises an internal combustion engine (1) and the propeller (7); the method is characterized in that: the propulsion device also comprises a clutch (3), a gear box (4) and a speed change device (5); the speed change device (5) consists of an input shaft (9), an input central wheel (10), an input planet wheel (11), an output planet wheel (12), a planet wheel shaft (13), an idle wheel (14), an idle wheel shaft (15), an output central wheel (16), an output shaft (17), a planet carrier (18), a planet carrier shaft (19), a planet carrier bearing (20), a planet wheel bearing (21) and an idle wheel bearing (22); the input shaft (9) is rotationally connected in the left side rack (23), the planet carrier shaft (19) is rotationally connected in the middle rack (24), the output shaft (17) is rotationally connected in the right side rack (25), the input shaft (9), the output shaft (17) and the planet carrier shaft (19) are arranged on the same axis, the input shaft (9) is fixedly connected with the input central wheel (10), the input central wheel (10) is in external meshing transmission connection with the input planet wheel (11), the output shaft (17) is fixedly connected with the output central wheel (16), the output central wheel (16) is in external meshing transmission connection with the idle wheel (14), the idle wheel (14) is in external meshing transmission connection with the output planet wheel (12), and the planet carrier (18) is rotationally connected with the planet carrier shaft (19) through a planet carrier bearing (20), the planet wheel bearings (21) are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the planet carrier (18), the planet wheel shaft (13) penetrates through the planet wheel bearings (21), one end of the planetary gear is fixedly connected with the input planetary gear (11), the other end of the planetary gear is fixedly connected with the output planetary gear (12), the input planetary gear (11), the output planetary gear (12) and the idle gear (14) rotate, the input planetary gear (11), the output planetary gear (12), the idle gear (14) and the planet carrier (18) are integrated to revolve around a planet carrier shaft (19), an intermediate shaft (2) is connected between the internal combustion engine (1) and an input shaft (9) on the speed change device (5), the clutch (3) and the gearbox (4) are arranged on the intermediate shaft (2), an output shaft (17) on the speed change device (5) is connected with the propeller (7) through a stern shaft (6).
2. The ship propulsion device for automatically matching the rotating speed and the torque of the main engine and the propeller according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the input planetary gears (11) and the number of the output planetary gears (12) are not less than 2.
3. The ship propulsion device for automatically matching the rotating speed and the torque of the main engine and the propeller according to claim 1, wherein: the input central wheel (10) and the output central wheel (16) which are in external meshing transmission connection can be replaced by an input internal meshing gear ring wheel and an output internal meshing gear ring wheel which are in internal meshing.
4. The ship propulsion device for automatically matching the rotating speed and the torque of the main engine and the propeller according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the input central wheel (10) is smaller than that of the output central wheel (16), and the transmission ratio of the input central wheel (10) to the output central wheel (16) is smaller than 1.
5. The ship propulsion device for automatically matching the rotating speed and the torque of the main engine and the propeller according to claim 1, wherein: the input planetary gear (11) and the output planetary gear (12) are coaxial and have the same speed.
6. The ship propulsion device for automatically matching the rotating speed and the torque of the main engine and the propeller according to claim 1, wherein: the idler wheel (14) is arranged on one side of the input planet wheel (11) or one side of the output planet wheel (12), one end of the idler wheel shaft (15) is fixedly connected with the planet carrier (18), and the other end of the idler wheel shaft is movably connected with the idler wheel bearing (22).
7. The ship propulsion device for automatically matching the rotating speed and the torque of the main engine and the propeller according to claim 1, wherein: the vertical distance L between the center O point of the planet wheel shaft (13) and the planet carrier shaft (19)oIs greater than the vertical distance L between the meshing point B of the output central wheel (16) and the idle wheel (14) and the planet carrier shaft (19)bThe perpendicular distance L of the meshing point B from the planet carrier axis (19)bIs greater than the vertical distance L between the meshing point A of the input central wheel (10) and the input planet wheel (11) and the input shaft (9)aI.e. Lo＞Lb＞La。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021892223.0U CN213109754U (en) | 2020-09-02 | 2020-09-02 | Ship propulsion device with main engine automatically matched with propeller rotating speed and torque |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021892223.0U CN213109754U (en) | 2020-09-02 | 2020-09-02 | Ship propulsion device with main engine automatically matched with propeller rotating speed and torque |
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| CN213109754U true CN213109754U (en) | 2021-05-04 |
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| CN202021892223.0U Active CN213109754U (en) | 2020-09-02 | 2020-09-02 | Ship propulsion device with main engine automatically matched with propeller rotating speed and torque |
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| CN (1) | CN213109754U (en) |
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