WO2016004836A1

WO2016004836A1 - Constant-speed variable-pitch voith-schneider omni-directional propeller

Info

Publication number: WO2016004836A1
Application number: PCT/CN2015/083361
Authority: WO
Inventors: 黄佳林; 陈立新
Original assignee: 浙江风神海洋工程技术有限公司
Priority date: 2014-07-10
Filing date: 2015-07-06
Publication date: 2016-01-14
Also published as: EP3168136B1; EP3168136A4; EP3168136A1

Abstract

The present invention discloses a constant-speed variable-pitch Voith-Schneider omni-directional propeller, comprising a main machine, a machine base, a main shaft, a rotating disk, a steering engine, a steering shaft, a central gear, an intermediate gear, a blade gear, blades, and blade shafts. The main machine drives a sun gear to rotate; the sun gear is engaged with a planet gear; the planet gear is engaged with a ring gear; the ring gear is engaged with a speed-adjusting gear, the speed-adjusting gear rotating under the control of an auxiliary power; the planet gear rotates in cooperation with a fixing shaft on the planet carrier; the planet carrier is linked with the rotation disk via the main shaft, and the main shaft rotates in cooperation with the machine base; the steering shaft penetrates in order the sun gear, the main shaft, and the rotation disk, one end of the steering shaft being linked with the steering engine, and the other end of the steering shaft penetrating the rotation disk and then linking with the central gear of the rotation disk; the rotation disk also rotates in cooperation with multiple blade shafts, the blade shafts being parallel to the main shaft; the multiple blade shafts are evenly distributed along the circumference of a circle having the central gear as the center; the blade shafts penetrate and are fixedly connected with the blade gear; the blade gear is engaged with the central gear via the intermediate gear; one end of a blade shaft is connected with a blade.

Description

Constant speed variable pitch straight wing omnidirectional thruster

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ship propulsion and operation, and particularly relates to a constant speed variable-distance straight-wing omnidirectional propeller capable of adjusting the output speed of the propeller according to the navigation condition of the main engine (diesel) to change the thrust magnitude. .

Background technique

At present, most of the ships use the propeller-rudder system as the propulsion control device, and the propulsion control system is composed of the diesel engine, the clutch, the reduction gear box, the shaft system, the propeller and the rudder. The propeller shafts are usually arranged in a horizontal state. The effective power from the main engine is transmitted to the propeller through the reduction gear and the shaft system, so that the propeller rotates to generate hydrodynamic power and push the ship forward.

Ships using propeller-rudder devices have the following problems:

1. In the case of inbound and outbound and variable speed navigation, the ship needs to adjust the speed of the propeller by adjusting the speed of the diesel engine, resulting in frequent changes in the speed of the diesel engine, increased fuel consumption and emissions, and serious wear of the parts.

2. The propeller can only exert the power of the main engine under the condition of the ship design working condition. For multi-ship ships such as tugboats, fishing boats, engineering vessels, mine-clearing vessels, and other conditions where the load varies greatly, the host power cannot be fully utilized.

3. There are many intermediate units in the power transmission process from diesel engine to propeller, and the equipment layout is loose.

4. The smaller the diameter of the propeller under the same power conditions, the smaller the thrust generated. Since the direct passage of the propeller is usually limited by the draught of the ship, the propulsion efficiency of the propeller is low for ships with limited inland rivers and draughts.

5. The method of adjusting the speed of the diesel engine cannot accurately control the thrust of the propeller, and the maneuverability of the rudder system is not good, so the propeller-rudder system cannot accurately control the ship.

Summary of the invention

The invention discloses a ship constant speed variable-distance straight-wing omnidirectional thruster, which is provided with an auxiliary power system, and the propeller with the auxiliary power system has the functions of clutching, shifting and emergency power.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a constant speed variable pitch straight wing omnidirectional thruster, including a main machine, a base, a main shaft, a rotating disc, a steering gear, a rudder shaft, a sun gear, a bridge gear, and a paddle The leaf gear, the blade and the blade shaft, the prime mover drives a sun wheel to rotate, the sun gear meshes with the planetary gear, the planetary gear meshes with the ring gear, the ring gear meshes with the speed regulating gear, and the speed regulating gear rotates by the auxiliary power control; the planetary gear and The fixed shaft on the planet carrier rotates and cooperates, the planet carrier is connected with the rotating disk through the main shaft, and the main shaft and the base rotately cooperate; the rudder shaft sequentially passes through the sun gear, the main shaft and the rotating disk, and one end of the rudder shaft is linked with the steering gear, and the rudder shaft The other end passes through the rotating disc and is interlocked with the sun gear in the rotating disc; the rotating disc also rotates and cooperates with a plurality of blade shafts, the blade shaft is parallel with the main shaft, and the plurality of blade shafts are centered around the center gear The direction is evenly arranged, the blade shaft passes through and fixes the blade gear, and the blade gear meshes with the sun gear through the bridge gear; one end of the blade shaft is connected to the blade.

Preferably, the output shaft of the main engine is interlocked with the angular gear through the coupling, the angular gear meshes with the disk gear, and the disk gear is coupled with the sun gear; the rudder shaft extends through the disk gear and then extends to the sun gear.

Preferably, there are several planetary gears, and a plurality of planetary gears are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction.

Preferably, there are three planetary wheels.

Preferably, the ring gear has an inner tooth and an outer tooth, and the inner tooth of the ring gear meshes with the planetary gear, and the outer tooth of the ring gear meshes with the speed regulating gear.

Preferably, the ship's side line is disposed at a position different from the circumference at a position corresponding to a rotation angle of 1/2 of the revolution angle.

Preferably, the auxiliary power is selected from a control motor or a hydraulic motor.

Preferably, the host machine uses a diesel engine, a motor or a hydraulic motor.

Preferably, the ring gear is supported by the frame by a ring gear support wheel or bearing.

Preferably, the planet carrier is supported on the frame by a planet carrier support wheel or bearing.

With the technical solution of the propeller of the invention, the diesel engine does not need to use the clutch to drive the load after the no-load start is completed, but starts the diesel engine by means of the auxiliary power synchronous operation. The use of the auxiliary power unit also enables the shifting function of the propeller while the engine speed is always constant.

The propeller of the invention has the advantages of large thrust, high efficiency, variable distance, high speed and full swing operation, and is particularly suitable for use as propulsion, manipulation, displacement, towing and dynamic positioning devices of various ships and marine engineering objects.

DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of an embodiment.

2 is a schematic view of a shifting mechanism of an embodiment.

In the figure, 1-host, 2-coupling, 3-angle gear, 4-disc gear, 5-sun gear, 6-planetary, 7-planet, 8-ring, 9-speed gear, 10-Auxiliary power, 11-ring support wheel, 12-carrier support wheel, 13-base, 14-spindle, 15-turn disc, 16-steering gear, 17-rudder shaft, 18-center gear, 19- Bridge gear, 20-blade gear, 21-blade, 22-hull base, 23-ship bottom, 24-blade shaft.

detailed description

The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the constant speed variable pitch straight wing omnidirectional thruster of the embodiment includes a coupling 2, an angular gear 3, a disk gear 4, a sun gear 5, a planetary gear 6, a carrier 7, a ring gear 8, and a tone adjustment. Speed gear 9, auxiliary power 10 (control motor), ring gear support wheel 11, carrier support wheel 12, base 13, spindle 14, rotating disk 15, steering gear 16, rudder shaft 17, sun gear 18, bridge gear 19. The blade gear 20, the blade 21 and the shaft 24, the output shaft of the main engine (diesel engine) 1 is interlocked with the angular gear 3 through the coupling 2, the angular gear 3 meshes with the disk gear 4, and the disk gear 4 and the sun gear 5 Connected and linked. Thereby, the output shaft of the main engine (diesel) 1 can drive the angular gear 3, the disk gear 4, and the sun gear 5 through the coupling 2 to rotate.

The sun gear 5 meshes with three planetary gears 6, the three planetary gears 6 are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the three planetary gears 6 are meshed with the internal teeth of the ring gear 8, the external teeth of the ring gear 8 and the speed regulating gear 9 meshing, the speed regulating gear 9 is rotated by the auxiliary power 10 (such as a control motor), and therefore, the ring gear 8 is controlled by the speed adjusting gear 9 and the auxiliary power 10 (control motor). Above the base 13 , the ring support wheel 11 and the carrier support wheel 12 are mounted by the vertical shaft, and the cross section of the ring support wheel 11 and the carrier support wheel 12 are both [shaped, the bottom cross section of the ring gear 8 In an L shape, one end of the L-shaped portion extends into the wheel portion of the ring gear support wheel 11, but it does not affect the rolling of the ring gear support wheel 11, and the vertical direction between the two cannot be relatively moved. The wheel portion of the carrier support wheel 12 extends into the outer ring of the planet carrier 7, but it does not affect the rotation of the carrier 7, and the vertical direction between the two cannot be relatively moved.

The planetary gear 6 is rotatably engaged with a fixed shaft on the carrier 7, the carrier 7 is coupled to the rotating disk 15 via the main shaft 14, the main shaft 14 is rotatably engaged with the base 13, and the base 13 is mounted to the hull base 22. The disk gear 4, the sun gear 5, the main shaft 14 and the rotating disk 15 are in a middle-pass shape in the direction of the central axis, and are used for extending the rudder shaft 17, and the rudder shaft 17 passes through the disk gear 4 and the sun gear 5 in order from top to bottom. The upper end of the main shaft 14 and the rotating disc 15 and the upper end of the rudder shaft 17 are interlocked with the steering gear 16. The lower end of the rudder shaft 17 passes through the top surface of the rotating disc 15 and is interlocked with the sun gear 18 in the rotating disc 15. The rotating disk 15 is also rotated and matched with a plurality of blade shafts 24, the blade shaft 24 is parallel with the main shaft 14, and the plurality of blade shafts 24 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction around the center gear 18, and the blade shaft 24 is passed through and fixed. The paddle gear 20 is coupled, and the paddle gear 20 meshes with the sun gear 18 via the bridge gear 19. One end of the blade shaft 24 extends into the water (i.e., the lower end protrudes from the rotating disk 15) and is connected to the blade 21. The side line of each blade 21 is arranged at a position different from the circumference according to the rotation angle of the revolution angle 1/2. To form a uniform thrust in the direction of the water.

When the planetary gear 6 revolves, the carrier 7 drives the rotating disk 15 to rotate, and the rotary shaft 15 in the rotating disk 15 rotates around the central gear 18 by the blade gear 20 while passing through the bridge gear 19 while being revolved. , so that the blades form a uniform thrust in the water. When the steering gear 16 drives the sun gear 18 to rotate by an angle, the thrust direction also changes by an angle. Since the sun gear 18 can be rotated 360 degrees, the thrust of the propeller can be varied within 360 degrees.

The working principle of the propeller clutch state: the output shaft of the main engine (diesel engine) 1 drives the angular gear 3, the disc gear 4, and the sun gear 5 through the coupling 2, and the ring gear 8 is controlled by the speed regulating gear 9 and the auxiliary power (control motor ) 10 reverse sync rotation. At this time, the planetary gear 6 rotates in place under the joint action of the sun gear 5 and the ring gear 8. Since the carrier 7 and the rotating disk 15 do not rotate without generating torque, the diesel engine can successfully complete the starting and reach the idle state or the rated speed. At this time, the speed and thrust of the propeller are both zero.

Starting and stable operation of the propeller: The output shaft of the main engine (diesel engine) 1 drives the angular gear 3, the disc gear 4, and the sun gear 5 through the coupling 2 at the rated rotational speed. At this time, the auxiliary power (control motor) 10, the speed regulating gear 9, and the ring gear 8 start to decelerate until the rotation stops, and the planetary gear 6 gradually rotates from the original position into the ring gear 8 under the joint action of the sun gear 5 and the ring gear 8. Rolling and pushing the planet carrier 7 and the rotating disk 15 to accelerate the rotation until the rated speed is increased, so that the thruster increases from zero to the maximum with the input speed constant and pushes the ship to run at the maximum speed, and the propeller is in stable operation. The auxiliary power does not consume energy.

Speed control process of the propeller: The ship will frequently perform variable speed navigation when restricting the navigation channel and entering and leaving the port. At this time, the working speed of the propeller needs to be adjusted frequently. The propeller is adjusted under the condition that the diesel engine speed is constant, and the working principle is: the output shaft of the main engine (diesel engine) 1 drives the angular gear 3, the disc gear 4, the sun gear 5 through the coupling 2 at the rated speed. Rotate. According to the navigation condition of the ship, the rotation speed of the ring gear 8 is adjusted, and the planetary gear 6 changes its revolution and the rotation speed of the carrier 7 and the rotating disk 15 under the joint action of the sun gear 5 and the ring gear 8, thereby ensuring that the thrust of the propeller is not at the input speed. In the case of change, the thrust required for the advancement of the ship is rapidly changed.

Adjustment of the working point of the propeller under different working conditions: For tugboats, fishing boats and military vessels, the vessel has a variety of navigational conditions. At this point, the propeller can re-select the appropriate working point according to different working conditions to give full play to the host power and save energy. The working principle is: the output shaft of the main engine (diesel engine) 1 drives the angle through the coupling 2 at the rated speed. The gear 3, the disk gear 4, and the sun gear 5 rotate, and the ring gear 8 is controlled by the speed regulating gear 9 and the auxiliary power (control motor) 10 and adjusts its rotation speed and steering according to the running state of the ship. The planetary gear 6 is in the sun gear 5 and the teeth. Pushing the planet carrier 7 under the joint action of the circle 8 And the rotating disk 15 is operated at a set rotating speed to achieve the purpose of changing the blade hydrodynamic speed polygon and the hydrodynamic pitch angle (corresponding to the pitch adjustment state), so that the propeller is provided under the condition that the diesel engine power and the rotating speed are constant. The maximum thrust required to advance the ship after changing the conditions. In particular, when the ring gear 8 and the sun gear 5 are turned the same, the thruster is in an energizing state, at which time the propulsion power is the sum of the powers of the diesel engine 1 and the auxiliary power (control motor) 10, whereby the ship can obtain a higher Speed.

Auxiliary power drive state: The ship can use auxiliary power to drive the propeller under special circumstances. Its working principle is: close the main engine (diesel engine) 1, so that the rotation speed of the sun gear 5 is zero, and the ring gear 8 is driven by auxiliary power (control motor) 10 Driven by the timing gear 9, the planetary gear 6 rolls along the sun gear 5 under the action of the ring gear 8 to revolve and push the carrier 7 and the rotating disk 15 to rotate to generate the thrust required for the ship to advance.

The invention can make the main engine (diesel engine) of the ship run at the rated speed at all times, which greatly reduces the wear, fuel consumption and emissions of the diesel engine components during the entry and exit and the variable speed navigation.

The invention can ensure that the propeller can fully absorb the power of the main engine and generate the maximum thrust when the ship is in different sailing conditions in different working conditions.

The invention improves the propulsion efficiency and maneuverability of the ship when navigating in a restricted course.

The invention eliminates the clutch, gear box, shafting and rudder device of the propeller propulsion system, and has high equipment integration degree, and the propulsion system is convenient to install and simple in arrangement.

The invention can accurately adjust the magnitude and direction of the thrust of the propeller by controlling the motor and the steering gear, and can be used as a high-performance actuator for dynamic positioning of ships and marine engineering.

The propeller has auxiliary power, its auxiliary power can be operated independently, and it can also output power together with the diesel engine. It can also be used as emergency power in case of emergency. Auxiliary power not only improves the ship's sea survivability, but also allows ships to obtain higher speeds when necessary.

One of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, for example, the number of planet wheels 6 may be set to one or more; the ring gear 8 may be provided with a tooth profile both internally and externally, or only on the inside. Correspondingly, the speed regulating gear 9 is also arranged on the outer side or the inner side; the ring gear 8 and the carrier support The wheel 12 can adopt a bearing structure; the main engine (diesel engine) 1 can use a motor, a hydraulic motor or other power equipment, and correspondingly, the angular gear 3, the disk gear 4 and the like can be omitted; the auxiliary power 10 can be a motor, a hydraulic motor or the like. Controlling the power device; and the like, all of the modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

A constant speed variable pitch straight wing omnidirectional thruster, comprising a main machine, a base, a main shaft, a rotating disc, a steering gear, a rudder shaft, a sun gear, a bridge gear, a blade gear, a blade and a blade shaft, and the characteristics thereof Yes: the prime mover drives a sun wheel rotation, the sun gear meshes with the planet gears, the planet gears mesh with the ring gear, the ring gear meshes with the speed control gear, and the speed gear is rotated by the auxiliary power control; the planetary gear and the planet carrier are fixed The shaft rotates and cooperates, the planet carrier is linked with the rotating disk through the main shaft, and the main shaft and the base rotate and cooperate; the rudder shaft sequentially passes through the sun gear, the main shaft and the rotating disk, one end of the rudder shaft is interlocked with the steering gear, and the other end of the rudder shaft passes through the rotation. After the disc is interlocked with the sun gear in the rotating disc; the rotating disc is also rotated and matched with a plurality of blade shafts, the blade shaft is parallel with the main shaft, and the plurality of blade shafts are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction around the center gear, the paddle The blade shaft passes through and fixes the blade gear, and the blade gear meshes with the sun gear through the bridge gear; one end of the blade shaft is connected to the blade.
A constant-speed variable-distance straight-wing omnidirectional thruster according to claim 1, wherein: the output shaft of said main body is coupled with the angular gear through a coupling, the angular gear meshes with the disk gear, and the disk gear and the sun gear Linked; the rudder shaft extends through the disk gear and then extends toward the sun gear.
A constant-speed variable-distance straight-wing omnidirectional thruster according to claim 1, wherein said plurality of planetary gears are distributed, and a plurality of planetary gears are evenly distributed in a circumferential direction.
A constant speed variable pitch straight wing omnidirectional thruster according to claim 3, wherein said planetary gear has three.
The constant-speed variable-distance straight-wing omnidirectional thruster according to claim 1 or 3 or 4, wherein the ring gear has internal teeth and external teeth, and the internal teeth of the ring gear are in phase with the planetary gears. Engage, the external teeth of the ring gear mesh with the speed control gear.
The constant-speed variable-distance straight-wing omnidirectional thruster according to claim 1, wherein the ship's side line is disposed at a position different from the circumference at a position corresponding to a rotation angle of 1/2 of a revolution angle.
The constant speed variable pitch straight wing omnidirectional thruster according to claim 1, wherein said auxiliary power is selected from a control motor or a hydraulic motor.
The constant speed variable pitch straight wing omnidirectional thruster according to claim 1, wherein said main engine is a diesel engine, a motor or a hydraulic motor.
The constant speed variable pitch straight wing omnidirectional thruster according to any one of claims 1-4, 6-8, wherein the ring gear is supported by the frame by a ring gear support wheel or a bearing.
The constant speed variable pitch straight wing omnidirectional thruster according to any one of claims 1-4, 6-8, characterized in that: the planet carrier is supported by the frame by a planet carrier supporting wheel or a bearing.