CN213070692U - But waterproof photovoltaic conflux cable of direct-burried - Google Patents
But waterproof photovoltaic conflux cable of direct-burried Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN213070692U CN213070692U CN202022200831.7U CN202022200831U CN213070692U CN 213070692 U CN213070692 U CN 213070692U CN 202022200831 U CN202022200831 U CN 202022200831U CN 213070692 U CN213070692 U CN 213070692U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- wear
- periphery
- armor
- low
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a but direct-burried waterproof photovoltaic conflux cable, including locating the cable core of inlayer, the cable core periphery is equipped with the insulating layer, and the insulating layer periphery is equipped with composite waterproof layer, and the composite waterproof layer periphery is equipped with wear-resisting inner liner, and wear-resisting inner liner periphery is equipped with the armor, and the armor periphery is equipped with wear-resisting anti ultraviolet oversheath layer. The utility model discloses a composite waterproof layer makes the cable have excellent water blocking performance, improves the ageing resistance ability, corrosion resisting property, the ultraviolet irradiation resistance ability of cable and anti external mechanical stress's performance through wear-resisting inner liner, armor, wear-resisting anti ultraviolet oversheath layer, makes the cable can use under abominable environment for a long time.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a photovoltaic conflux cable technical field, concretely relates to can waterproof photovoltaic conflux cable of direct-burried.
Background
In recent years, solar technology is becoming one of the future green energy technology pillars, solar energy or Photovoltaic (PV) is becoming widely used in china, and besides the rapid development of government-supported photovoltaic power plants, private investors are actively building factories to project solar modules for global sale. Under such a large environment, the development of solar technology does not leave for photovoltaic or solar dedicated cables for transmitting electrical energy.
At present, the technology of special photovoltaic or solar cables is mature day by day, but the main performance of the special photovoltaic or solar cables is still limited in the original common environment. However, the areas in China are wide, the environments of all the areas are different, the working or construction environment of some areas is severe, some areas need to be directly buried underground, and some areas need to be waterproof for a long time; the existing cable product has poor performances such as water resistance, mechanical strength and the like, and is easy to damage if used in a severe environment for a long time, so that the cable product has many defects and great potential safety hazards.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide a directly-buried waterproof photovoltaic bus cable to solve the above technical problems.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the above-mentioned technical problem in the correlation technique, the utility model provides a but direct-burried waterproof photovoltaic conflux cable makes the cable have excellent water blocking performance through composite waterproof layer, improves the ageing resistance ability, corrosion resisting property, the ultraviolet irradiation resistance ability of cable and anti external mechanical stress's performance through wear-resisting inner liner, armor, wear-resisting anti ultraviolet oversheath layer, makes the cable can use under abominable environment for a long time.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a but direct-burried waterproof photovoltaic conflux cable, is including locating the cable core of inlayer, the cable core periphery is equipped with the insulating layer, the insulating layer periphery is equipped with composite waterproof layer, the composite waterproof layer periphery is equipped with wear-resisting inner liner, wear-resisting inner liner periphery is equipped with the armor, the armor periphery is equipped with wear-resisting anti ultraviolet oversheath layer.
The utility model discloses an among the waterproof photovoltaic conflux cable of direct-burried, composite waterproof layer is including indulging package aluminium foil layer and low density polyolefin layer, indulge package aluminium foil layer and locate the inboard, the outside is located on the low density polyolefin layer.
The utility model discloses an among the waterproof photovoltaic conflux cable of direct-burried, the cable core is formed by the transposition of a plurality of filiform tinned copper conductors, after the transposition the cable core cross-section is circular.
The utility model discloses an among the waterproof photovoltaic conflux cable of direct-burried, the insulating layer is the low smoke and zero halogen flame retardant polyolefin insulating layer of irradiation crosslinking, the cross-section of insulating layer is cyclic annular, the inner ring of insulating layer with the periphery of cable core closely laminates.
The utility model discloses an among the waterproof photovoltaic conflux cable of direct-burried, indulge alclad foil layer and hug closely the insulating layer periphery sets up, indulge alclad foil layer's cross-section for cyclic annular, it is 0.5mm to indulge alclad foil layer thickness.
The utility model discloses an among the waterproof photovoltaic conflux cable of direct-burried, the low density polyolefin layer is low density crosslinked polyethylene layer, the cross-section on low density polyolefin layer is cyclic annular, the inner ring on low density polyolefin layer with indulge the periphery on package aluminium foil layer and closely laminate.
The utility model discloses an among the waterproof photovoltaic conflux cable of direct-burried, wear-resisting inner liner is the wear-resisting inner liner of anticorrosive low smoke and zero halogen irradiation crosslinked fire-retardant polyolefin, the cross-section of wear-resisting inner liner is cyclic annular, the inner ring of wear-resisting inner liner with composite waterproof layer's periphery is closely laminated.
The utility model discloses an among the waterproof photovoltaic conflux cable of direct-burried, the armor is non-magnetic steel band armor, the cross-section of armor is cyclic annular, the inner ring of armor with the periphery of wear-resisting inner liner is closely laminated.
The utility model discloses an among the waterproof photovoltaic conflux cable of direct-burried, wear-resisting anti ultraviolet oversheath layer is the fire-retardant polyolefin oversheath layer of irradiation cross-linking low smoke and zero halogen, the cross-section of wear-resisting anti ultraviolet oversheath layer is cyclic annular, the inner ring of wear-resisting anti ultraviolet oversheath layer with the periphery of armor is closely laminated.
The utility model discloses compare in prior art, its beneficial effect is:
the utility model discloses a indulge bilayer structure of the inseparable combination of package viscidity aluminium foil and low density polyethylene, give the cable excellent water blocking performance, can avoid the photovoltaic cable to receive steam, rainwater influence to cause the short circuit hidden danger that the wire oxidation arouses, make cable conductor life longer, also improve the fail safe nature of cable work.
The utility model discloses be provided with wear-resisting inner liner, apply when the cable or under other circumstances that use the cable, can avoid the cable core to receive the circuit short circuit harm that outside mechanical stress caused, ensure the security and the permanence of cable operation.
The utility model discloses be provided with non-magnetic steel band armor, it has good corrosion resistance, anti external mechanical stress performance, can remove the poling from and lay, has increased the radiating rate of cable core, has improved the current-carrying capacity.
The utility model discloses a combination of composite waterproof layer, wear-resisting inner liner, armor and wear-resisting anti ultraviolet oversheath layer can improve ageing-resistant, corrosion-resistant and the resistant ultraviolet irradiation performance of photovoltaic cable.
By combining the advantages, the cable can be used for a long time in a severe environment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and the drawings in the following description are only corresponding drawings of some embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a directly-buried waterproof photovoltaic bus cable according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the composite waterproof layer according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to solve among the prior art photovoltaic conflux cable waterproof, mechanical strength performance is relatively poor, if the long-term use is just easy problem of damaging under adverse circumstances, the utility model provides a but direct-burried waterproof photovoltaic conflux cable makes the cable have excellent water blocking performance through composite waterproof layer, improves the ageing resistance performance, corrosion resisting property, the ultraviolet radiation resistance performance of cable and anti external mechanical stress's performance through wear-resisting inner liner, armor, wear-resisting anti ultraviolet oversheath layer, makes the cable can use under adverse circumstances for a long time.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly or indirectly secured to the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other element. The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positions based on the orientations or positions shown in the drawings, and are for convenience of description only and not to be construed as limiting the technical solution. The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used merely for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features. The meaning of "plurality" is two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by the skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, according to the embodiment of the utility model provides a but direct-burried waterproof photovoltaic conflux cable, including locating cable core 1 of inlayer, 1 periphery of cable core is equipped with insulating layer 2, 2 peripheries of insulating layer are equipped with composite waterproof layer 3, 3 peripheries of composite waterproof layer are equipped with wear-resisting inner liner 4, 4 peripheries of wear-resisting inner liner are equipped with armor 5, 5 peripheries of armor are equipped with wear-resisting anti ultraviolet oversheath layer 6.
In the preferred embodiment, the cable core 1 is formed by twisting a plurality of filiform tin-plated copper conductors, and the cross section of the twisted cable core 1 is circular. Preferably, the conductor conforms to the fifth category of tinned soft copper conductor standard vertebra in GB/T3956-2008.
In this preferred embodiment, insulating layer 2 is the irradiation crosslinking low smoke and zero halogen flame retardant polyolefin insulating layer, adopts the irradiation crosslinking low smoke and zero halogen flame retardant polyolefin material to make, the cross-section of insulating layer 2 is cyclic annular, the inner ring of insulating layer 2 with the periphery of cable core 1 is closely laminated, and is preferred, insulating layer 2 can be under DC1800V voltage long-term operation.
In this preferred embodiment, wear-resisting inner liner 4 is the wear-resisting inner liner of anticorrosive low smoke and zero halogen irradiation crosslinking flame retardant polyolefin, adopts the anticorrosive low smoke and zero halogen irradiation crosslinking flame retardant polyolefin material of high strength to make, wear-resisting inner liner 4's cross-section is cyclic annular, wear-resisting inner liner 4's inner ring with the periphery of composite waterproof layer 3 is closely laminated.
When the cable is used in cable laying or other conditions, the abrasion-resistant lining layer 4 can avoid the cable core from being damaged by short circuit caused by external mechanical stress, and the safety and the durability of the operation of the cable are ensured.
In the preferred embodiment, the armor layer 5 is a non-magnetic steel-tape armor layer and is made of a non-magnetic steel tape, the cross section of the armor layer 5 is annular, and the inner ring of the armor layer 5 is tightly attached to the periphery of the wear-resistant inner liner layer 4. The armor layer 5 has good corrosion resistance and external mechanical stress resistance, can be laid without a pipe, increases the heat dissipation speed of a conductor wire core, and improves the current-carrying capacity.
Under the combination of the non-magnetic steel strip armor layer and the anticorrosive low-smoke halogen-free irradiation cross-linked flame-retardant polyolefin wear-resistant inner liner layer, the cable can be better endowed with the performance of resisting external mechanical stress, can be directly laid without a pipe, has good corrosion resistance, is favorable for laying in a harsher environment, and realizes the direct-buried wear-resistant performance of the cable.
In this preferred embodiment, wear-resisting anti ultraviolet oversheath layer 6 is irradiation crosslinking low smoke and zero halogen flame retardant polyolefin oversheath layer, adopts irradiation crosslinking low smoke and zero halogen flame retardant polyolefin material to make, wear-resisting anti ultraviolet oversheath layer 6's cross-section is cyclic annular, wear-resisting anti ultraviolet oversheath layer 6's inner ring with armor 5's periphery closely laminates.
Through the combination of the composite waterproof layer 3, the non-magnetic steel strip armor layer and the wear-resistant ultraviolet-proof outer sheath layer 6, the aging resistance, the corrosion resistance and the ultraviolet irradiation resistance of the photovoltaic cable can be improved, so that the cable can be used in severe environment for a long time.
As shown in fig. 2, in the preferred embodiment, the composite waterproof layer 3 includes a longitudinally wrapped aluminum foil layer 31 and a low density polyolefin layer 32, the longitudinally wrapped aluminum foil layer 31 is disposed on the inner side, and the low density polyolefin layer 32 is disposed on the outer side.
The composite waterproof layer 3 is of a double-layer structure formed by longitudinally wrapping viscous aluminum foils and low-density polyethylene in a tight combination mode, so that the cable is endowed with excellent water resistance, the potential risks of aging and short circuit caused by oxidation of the wires due to the fact that the photovoltaic cable is affected by steam and rainwater can be avoided, the service life of the wires of the cable is longer, and the safety and reliability of the cable in working are improved.
In the preferred embodiment, the longitudinally wrapped aluminum foil layer 31 is formed by longitudinally wrapping aluminum foil, the longitudinally wrapped aluminum foil layer 31 is disposed to be closely attached to the outer periphery of the insulating layer 2, the cross section of the longitudinally wrapped aluminum foil layer 31 is annular, and the thickness of the longitudinally wrapped aluminum foil layer 31 is 0.5 mm.
In this preferred embodiment, the low-density polyolefin layer 32 is a low-density crosslinked polyethylene layer and is made of a low-density crosslinked polyethylene material, the cross section of the low-density polyolefin layer 32 is annular, the inner ring of the low-density polyolefin layer 32 is closely attached to the outer periphery of the longitudinally wrapped aluminum foil layer 31, and the outer periphery of the low-density polyolefin layer 32 is closely attached to the inner ring of the wear-resistant inner liner layer 4.
Further, in another embodiment, in order to facilitate carrying the cable, a detachable sleeve may be sleeved on the outermost layer of the wear-resistant anti-ultraviolet outer sheath layer 6, and a handle is disposed on the sleeve, so that the cable can be conveniently carried and taken, and the sleeve can be detached without affecting the actual use of the cable.
To sum up, the utility model, through the double-layer structure of the tight combination of the longitudinal wrapping viscous aluminum foil and the low density polyethylene, endows the cable with excellent water-blocking performance, can avoid the potential short circuit hazard caused by the oxidation of the wires due to the influence of steam and rainwater on the photovoltaic cable, prolongs the service life of the cable wires, and also improves the safety and reliability of the cable work; the utility model is provided with the wear-resistant inner liner layer, when the cable is laid or under other conditions using the cable, the cable core can be prevented from being damaged by short circuit caused by external mechanical stress, and the safety and the durability of the operation of the cable are ensured; the utility model is provided with the nonmagnetic steel strip armor layer, which has good corrosion resistance and external mechanical stress resistance, can avoid pipe penetration and laying, increases the heat dissipation speed of the cable core and improves the current-carrying capacity; the utility model discloses a combination of composite waterproof layer, wear-resisting inner liner, armor and wear-resisting anti ultraviolet oversheath layer can improve ageing-resistant, corrosion-resistant and the resistant ultraviolet irradiation performance of photovoltaic cable. By combining the advantages, the cable can be used for a long time in a severe environment.
In summary, although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, the above-described preferred embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, so that the scope of the present invention shall be determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a but waterproof photovoltaic conflux cable of direct-burried, is including locating cable core (1) of inlayer, its characterized in that, cable core (1) periphery is equipped with insulating layer (2), insulating layer (2) periphery is equipped with composite waterproof layer (3), composite waterproof layer (3) periphery is equipped with wear-resisting inner liner (4), wear-resisting inner liner (4) periphery is equipped with armor (5), armor (5) periphery is equipped with wear-resisting anti ultraviolet oversheath layer (6).
2. The directly-embeddable, waterproof photovoltaic bus cable of claim 1, wherein the composite waterproof layer (3) comprises a longitudinally wrapped aluminum foil layer (31) and a low-density polyolefin layer (32), the longitudinally wrapped aluminum foil layer (31) being disposed on an inner side, and the low-density polyolefin layer (32) being disposed on an outer side.
3. The directly-buried waterproof photovoltaic bus cable according to claim 1, wherein the cable core (1) is formed by twisting a plurality of filiform tin-plated copper conductors, and the twisted cable core (1) has a circular cross section.
4. The directly-buried waterproof photovoltaic bus cable according to claim 1, wherein the insulating layer (2) is an irradiation cross-linked low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin insulating layer, the cross section of the insulating layer (2) is annular, and the inner ring of the insulating layer (2) is tightly attached to the periphery of the cable core (1).
5. The directly-buried waterproof photovoltaic bus cable according to claim 2, wherein the longitudinally-wrapped aluminum foil layer (31) is closely attached to the outer periphery of the insulating layer (2), the cross section of the longitudinally-wrapped aluminum foil layer (31) is annular, and the thickness of the longitudinally-wrapped aluminum foil layer (31) is 0.5 mm.
6. The directly-buried waterproof photovoltaic bus cable according to claim 2, wherein the low-density polyolefin layer (32) is a low-density crosslinked polyethylene layer, the cross section of the low-density polyolefin layer (32) is annular, and the inner ring of the low-density polyolefin layer (32) is tightly attached to the outer periphery of the longitudinal aluminum foil layer (31).
7. The directly-buried waterproof photovoltaic bus cable according to claim 1, wherein the wear-resistant inner liner (4) is an anti-corrosion low-smoke halogen-free irradiation cross-linked flame-retardant polyolefin wear-resistant inner liner, the cross section of the wear-resistant inner liner (4) is annular, and the inner ring of the wear-resistant inner liner (4) is tightly attached to the periphery of the composite waterproof layer (3).
8. The directly-buried waterproof photovoltaic bus cable according to claim 1, wherein the armor layer (5) is a non-magnetic steel-tape armor layer, the cross section of the armor layer (5) is annular, and the inner ring of the armor layer (5) is tightly attached to the outer periphery of the wear-resistant inner lining layer (4).
9. The directly-buried waterproof photovoltaic bus cable according to claim 1, wherein the wear-resistant ultraviolet-proof outer sheath layer (6) is an irradiation cross-linked low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin outer sheath layer, the cross section of the wear-resistant ultraviolet-proof outer sheath layer (6) is annular, and the inner ring of the wear-resistant ultraviolet-proof outer sheath layer (6) is tightly attached to the periphery of the armor layer (5).
10. The directly-buried waterproof photovoltaic bus cable is characterized by comprising a cable core (1) arranged at the innermost layer, wherein an insulating layer (2) is arranged on the periphery of the cable core (1), a composite waterproof layer (3) is arranged on the periphery of the insulating layer (2), a wear-resistant inner lining layer (4) is arranged on the periphery of the composite waterproof layer (3), an armor layer (5) is arranged on the periphery of the wear-resistant inner lining layer (4), and a wear-resistant ultraviolet-proof outer sheath layer (6) is arranged on the periphery of the armor layer (5);
the composite waterproof layer (3) comprises a longitudinally-wrapped aluminum foil layer (31) and a low-density polyolefin layer (32), wherein the longitudinally-wrapped aluminum foil layer (31) is arranged on the inner side, and the low-density polyolefin layer (32) is arranged on the outer side;
the cable core (1) is formed by twisting a plurality of filiform tin-plated copper conductors, and the cross section of the twisted cable core (1) is circular;
the insulation layer (2) is an irradiation cross-linking low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin insulation layer, the cross section of the insulation layer (2) is annular, and the inner ring of the insulation layer (2) is tightly attached to the periphery of the cable core (1);
the longitudinal aluminum foil layer (31) is arranged close to the periphery of the insulating layer (2), the cross section of the longitudinal aluminum foil layer (31) is annular, and the thickness of the longitudinal aluminum foil layer (31) is 0.5 mm;
the low-density polyolefin layer (32) is a low-density crosslinked polyethylene layer, the cross section of the low-density polyolefin layer (32) is annular, and the inner ring of the low-density polyolefin layer (32) is tightly attached to the periphery of the longitudinal aluminum foil layer (31);
the wear-resistant inner liner (4) is an anti-corrosion low-smoke halogen-free irradiation crosslinking flame-retardant polyolefin wear-resistant inner liner, the cross section of the wear-resistant inner liner (4) is annular, and the inner ring of the wear-resistant inner liner (4) is tightly attached to the periphery of the composite waterproof layer (3);
the armor layer (5) is a non-magnetic steel strip armor layer, the section of the armor layer (5) is annular, and the inner ring of the armor layer (5) is tightly attached to the periphery of the wear-resistant inner liner layer (4);
wear-resisting anti ultraviolet oversheath layer (6) are irradiation cross-linking low smoke and zero halogen flame retardant polyolefin oversheath layer, the cross-section of wear-resisting anti ultraviolet oversheath layer (6) is cyclic annular, the inner ring of wear-resisting anti ultraviolet oversheath layer (6) with the periphery of armor (5) closely laminates.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022200831.7U CN213070692U (en) | 2020-09-29 | 2020-09-29 | But waterproof photovoltaic conflux cable of direct-burried |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022200831.7U CN213070692U (en) | 2020-09-29 | 2020-09-29 | But waterproof photovoltaic conflux cable of direct-burried |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN213070692U true CN213070692U (en) | 2021-04-27 |
Family
ID=75561195
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022200831.7U Active CN213070692U (en) | 2020-09-29 | 2020-09-29 | But waterproof photovoltaic conflux cable of direct-burried |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN213070692U (en) |
-
2020
- 2020-09-29 CN CN202022200831.7U patent/CN213070692U/en active Active
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103310893B (en) | High-performance cable for construction | |
| CN201667241U (en) | Novel armored submarine cable | |
| CN202275613U (en) | Anti-mud cable for oil platform | |
| CN206601985U (en) | A kind of robot computer drainage flexible cable | |
| CN203338837U (en) | High-performance construction cable | |
| CN213070692U (en) | But waterproof photovoltaic conflux cable of direct-burried | |
| CN204991232U (en) | Waterproof corrosion -resistant type cable suitable for mud flat | |
| CN206388554U (en) | A kind of low-smoke non-halogen flame-retardant irradiation crosslinked polyolefin insulating photovoltaic flat cable special | |
| CN207800161U (en) | A kind of multi-core power cable | |
| CN203573709U (en) | Direct current cable for photovoltaic power generation system | |
| CN210349422U (en) | High-pressure submarine cable long-distance landing structure | |
| CN202796206U (en) | Insulated copper-coated aluminum magnesium alloy wire power cable | |
| CN202796151U (en) | Control cable for offshore oil platform | |
| CN202615876U (en) | Carbon-hydrocarbon-fire-resistance low-voltage electric power fireproof cable used for marine engineering | |
| CN202796220U (en) | Composite cable for offshore oil platform | |
| CN206610666U (en) | A kind of new concentric type conductors power cable | |
| CN213752061U (en) | Insulating polyvinyl chloride sheath power cable with good wear resistance | |
| CN218826230U (en) | New energy composite cable | |
| CN210110370U (en) | Cable with anti-corrosion function | |
| CN216250136U (en) | Flame-retardant power cable with crosslinked polyethylene insulating polyvinyl chloride sheath | |
| CN221446835U (en) | High-strength flame-retardant environment-friendly overhead insulated cable | |
| CN207337983U (en) | A kind of protection against rodents, termite-proof, waterproof high fire-retardance railway cable | |
| CN216849451U (en) | Special data transmission cable for structured light vision detection equipment | |
| CN218481986U (en) | Corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy photovoltaic cable | |
| CN216250046U (en) | Seawater-proof cable for offshore wind driven generator |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |