CN212987222U - Plasma rapid melting furnace - Google Patents
Plasma rapid melting furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN212987222U CN212987222U CN202021850009.9U CN202021850009U CN212987222U CN 212987222 U CN212987222 U CN 212987222U CN 202021850009 U CN202021850009 U CN 202021850009U CN 212987222 U CN212987222 U CN 212987222U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a plasma rapid melting furnace, including melting furnace main part, feed arrangement, discharge passage, slag collection device and support, feed arrangement installs the side of melting furnace main part, discharge passage's one end with the bottom of melting furnace main part is connected, discharge passage's the other end is arranged in the slag collection device, the support mounting is in melting furnace main part, melting furnace main part includes first reaction chamber, second reaction chamber and melting bell, first reaction chamber with the second reaction chamber communicates, the bottom of second reaction chamber with discharge passage communicates, slag collection device is the liquid seal collecting box, be equipped with the cooling liquid medium in the liquid seal collecting box, melting furnace main part is equipped with stainless steel shell, heat preservation, insulating layer and flame retardant coating; the utility model discloses the reaction chamber adopts flame retardant coating and reaction area little, can let the reaction chamber rapid heating up reaction, can get rid of only slag collection device with the material fast.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a hazardous waste burns technical field, particularly, relates to a quick melting furnace of plasma.
Background
The harmless treatment of solid wastes, especially dangerous solid wastes, is a worldwide problem, the annual production amount of dangerous wastes in China is over 4000 ten thousand tons, and the current treatment technologies for the dangerous wastes mainly comprise a solidification landfill method, a burning method, a high-temperature melting technology and the like. The solidification landfill method is the simplest and most common method, but has significant environmental risks and land resource occupation problems, and is gradually replaced by other methods. The incineration method is a mainstream treatment method in the field of hazardous waste treatment, and currently established hazardous waste incineration disposal plants generally treat 30-100 tons daily mainly, and although the method can play a role in reducing to a certain extent, the treated residues such as fly ash and the like are still hazardous waste, and the fly ash is discharged along with flue gas, so that substances such as heavy metals, dioxin and the like are contained in the treated residues and still harm the global environment and human health.
At present, the plasma high-temperature melting technology is a reliable and effective method suitable for treating most dangerous wastes for international workers, and can achieve the effects of light emission and less landfill, the power of the plasma melting furnace is very high at present, but the plasma melting furnace technology adopted at present generally has the defects that materials are not uniformly fed into the furnace, the reaction is insufficient, most heat is taken away from a water-cooled furnace wall, the heat rate is reduced, and the like, so that the reaction cavity of the plasma melting furnace needs to be improved, the reaction can be rapidly carried out, the use efficiency of the plasma melting furnace is improved, the heat near the reaction cavity of the plasma melting furnace is maintained, the reaction precision of the plasma melting furnace is improved, and the energy consumption is saved.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a quick melting furnace of plasma, its reaction chamber is regional little to heat up soon, and the treatment effeciency is high, and the effect is showing, can handle more material types.
The embodiment of the utility model discloses a realize through following technical scheme:
a plasma rapid melting furnace comprises a melting furnace main body, a feeding device, a discharge channel, a slag collecting device and a support, wherein the feeding device is installed on the side surface of the melting furnace main body;
the melting furnace main body comprises a first reaction chamber, a second reaction chamber and a melting furnace cover, the first reaction chamber is detachably internally provided with a first plasma generator, the second reaction chamber is detachably internally provided with a second plasma generator, the first reaction chamber is communicated with the second reaction chamber, and the bottom of the second reaction chamber is communicated with the discharge channel;
the feeding device comprises a transmission device, a material pushing plate, a feeding barrel and a feeding hopper, the feeding barrel comprises a discharge port, the discharge port is communicated with the first reaction cavity, and the feeding hopper is arranged above the feeding barrel.
Preferably, the first reaction chamber comprises a steep descending region, a slow ascending region, a temperature measuring hole, an air inlet and an outlet, the steep descending region is close to the outlet, the slow ascending region is close to the outlet, the slow descending region is located between the steep descending region and the slow ascending region, the outlet is communicated with the second reaction chamber, the temperature measuring hole is arranged at the lower end of the first plasma generator, and the air inlet is located in the first reaction chamber.
Preferably, the second reaction chamber comprises a first flushing chamber and a second flushing chamber, the first flushing chamber is located above the second flushing chamber, the lower end opening of the first flushing chamber is communicated with the upper end opening of the second flushing chamber in a staggered manner, and the lower end of the second flushing chamber is connected with the discharge channel.
Preferably, the discharge channel comprises a sealed section and an open section, the sealed section being located above the open section.
Preferably, the slag collecting device is a liquid seal collecting box, a cooling liquid medium is arranged in the liquid seal collecting box, and the liquid level of the cooling liquid medium is higher than that of the open section.
Preferably, the cooling liquid medium is water, and the upper end of the liquid seal collecting box is open or provided with an induced draft system.
Preferably, the cooling liquid medium is oil, and the liquid seal collection box is well sealed.
Preferably, the melting furnace main body is further provided with an exhaust port and an observation port, and the exhaust port and the observation port are arranged on the side wall of the melting furnace main body.
Preferably, the liquid seal collection box is provided with a liquid supplementing hole and a liquid discharging hole, the liquid supplementing hole is arranged above the side wall of the liquid seal collection box, and the liquid discharging hole is arranged below the side wall of the liquid seal collection box.
Preferably, the melting furnace main body is provided with a stainless steel shell, a heat preservation layer, a heat insulation layer and a fire-resistant layer, the fire-resistant layer wraps the first reaction chamber and the second reaction chamber, the heat insulation layer wraps the fire-resistant layer, the heat preservation layer wraps the heat insulation layer, and the stainless steel shell is arranged on the outermost layer.
The utility model discloses technical scheme has following advantage and beneficial effect at least:
1. the utility model designs a fire-resistant layer wrapping reaction chamber which can be directly irradiated by plasma, adopts a heat-insulating layer to wrap the fire-resistant layer, cuts off the high-temperature conduction of the inner layer, and adopts a heat-insulating layer to wrap the heat-insulating layer to reduce the heat loss;
2. the first reaction cavity of the utility model is provided with a steep descending region, a slow descending region and a slow ascending region, materials rapidly enter a plasma high temperature region through the steep descending region, are increased in melting time through the slow descending region, are fully melted, and finally enter a second reaction cavity through the slow ascending region;
3. the first scouring cavity and the second scouring cavity of the second reaction cavity of the utility model are arranged in a staggered way, so that the fusant can not be adhered to the second reaction cavity under the scouring of the second plasma generator;
4. the discharge channel of the utility model is provided with a sealing section and an opening section, and the opening section is arranged in the liquid seal collecting box, so that liquid seal can be formed in the discharge channel;
5. the first reaction chamber of the utility model is also provided with a temperature measuring hole and an air inlet hole, the temperature measuring hole can monitor the temperature change in the plasma fast melting furnace on line so as to adjust the feeding scheme, and the air inlet hole can be filled with air to perform auxiliary treatment on organic materials;
6. the utility model is also provided with an exhaust hole and an observation hole, the exhaust hole can be externally connected with an induced draft device to treat the exhausted gas, and the observation hole can be directly communicated to the outflow state of the melting furnace so as to adjust the melting scheme;
the utility model relates to a rationally, simple structure, the melting is fast, the precision is high.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a rapid plasma melting furnace according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of the rapid plasma melting furnace according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of a point a in fig. 1 according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a feeding device in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the utility model at the point B in fig. 1;
icon: 1-a melting furnace main body, 2-a feeding device, 3-a discharge channel, 4-a slag collecting device, 5-a support, 101-a first reaction chamber, 102-a second reaction chamber, 103-a melting furnace cover, 104-a first plasma generator, 105-a second plasma generator, 106-an exhaust port, 107-an observation port, 1011-a steep descending region, 1012-a slow descending region, 1013-a slow ascending region, 1014-a temperature measuring hole, 1015-an air inlet hole, 1016-an exhaust port, 1021-a first flushing chamber, 1022-a second flushing chamber, 201-a transmission device, 202-a material pushing plate, 203-a feeding barrel, 204-a feeding hopper, 2031-an exhaust port, 301-a sealing section, 302-an open section, 401-a liquid supplementing hole and 402-a liquid discharging hole.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship which is usually placed when the product of this application is used, the description is only for convenience of description and simplification, but the indication or suggestion that the device or element to be referred must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation and be operated is not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be further noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a plasma rapid melting furnace comprises a melting furnace body 1, a feeding device 2, a discharge channel 3, a slag collecting device 4 and a bracket 5, wherein the feeding device 2 is installed on the side surface of the melting furnace body 1, one end of the discharge channel 3 is connected with the bottom of the melting furnace body 1, the other end of the discharge channel 3 is placed in the slag collecting device 4, and the bracket 5 is installed on the melting furnace body 1. The feeding device 2 conveys the molten materials to the melting furnace main body 1, the molten materials enter the melting furnace main body 1, react under the action of a plasma generator, are quickly melted and then are discharged to the slag collecting box through the discharge channel 3.
The melting furnace main body 1 comprises a first reaction chamber 101, a second reaction chamber 102 and a melting furnace cover 103, wherein a built-in first plasma generator 104 can be disassembled from the first reaction chamber 101, a built-in second plasma generator 105 can be disassembled from the second reaction chamber 102, the first reaction chamber 101 is communicated with the second reaction chamber 102, the bottom of the second reaction chamber 102 is communicated with the discharge channel 3, the melting furnace cover 103 is a water-cooling furnace cover, the water-cooling furnace cover not only covers the melting furnace main body 1, but also enables the first plasma generator 104 and the second plasma generator 105 to be close to the part of the water-cooling furnace cover to surround.
The feeding device 2 comprises a transmission device 201, a material pushing plate 202, a feeding barrel 203 and a feeding hopper 204, the feeding barrel 203 comprises a discharge port 2031, the discharge port 2031 is communicated with the first reaction cavity 101, and the feeding hopper 204 is arranged above the feeding barrel 203. The molten material enters the feeding barrel 203 through the feeding hopper 204, the transmission device 201 controls the material pushing plate 202 to move so as to convey the material in the feeding barrel 203 to the material outlet 2031, and the molten material enters the first reaction chamber 101 through the material outlet 2031. The feeding device 2 and one end, close to the melting furnace cover 103, of the melting furnace main body 1 form an included angle, the included angle is smaller than 90 degrees, and the purpose of the included angle is to prevent the molten materials from flowing back to the feeding device.
The first reaction chamber 101 comprises a steep descending region 1011, a slow descending region 1012, a slow ascending region 1013, a temperature measuring hole 1014, an air inlet 1015 and an exhaust port 1016, wherein the steep descending region 1011 is close to the exhaust port 2031, the slow ascending region 1013 is close to the exhaust port 1016, the slow descending region 1012 is located between the steep descending region 1011 and the slow ascending region 1013, the exhaust port 1016 is communicated with the second reaction chamber 102, the temperature measuring hole 1014 is arranged at the lower end of the first plasma generator 104, and the air inlet 1015 is located in the first reaction chamber 101. The first reaction chamber 101 is smaller and is disposed below the first plasma generator 104 and surrounds the first plasma generator 104, when the molten material enters the first generation chamber from the discharge port 2031, the molten material first comes to the steep drop zone 1011, the steep drop zone 1011 is the region from the discharge port 2031 to the lower edge of the first plasma generator 104, the steep drop zone 1011 can generate acceleration, so that the molten material quickly comes to a plasma high temperature zone to generate a melting reaction, the slow drop zone 1012 is disposed below the first plasma generator 104, the slow drop zone 1012 can increase the melting time, so that the melting reaction is more sufficient, ensure that the molten material enters the slow rise zone 1013 and enters the discharge port 1016 through the slow rise zone 1013 to the second reaction chamber 102, the temperature measuring hole 1014 is disposed at the lower end of the first plasma generator 104, the temperature change in the first reaction chamber 101 can be monitored in real time, so that a worker can adjust a feeding scheme and the power of a plasma generator according to the temperature change, the air inlet 1015 is used for introducing air, and when the molten material contains organic matters, the air can be introduced to assist in processing the molten material.
The first plasma generator 105 is inserted into the first reaction chamber 101 with an inclination angle close to the end of the feeding device, wherein the inclination angle is smaller than 90 degrees, so as to make the molten material reacted in the slow descending region 1012 enter the slow ascending region 1013 with a certain impact force under the scouring of the plasma flame.
The second reaction chamber 102 comprises a first flushing chamber 1021 and a second flushing chamber 1022, the first flushing chamber 1021 is located above the second flushing chamber 1022, a lower end opening of the first flushing chamber 1021 is in staggered communication with an upper end opening of the second flushing chamber 1022, a lower end of the second flushing chamber 1022 is connected with the discharge channel 3, the second plasma generator 105 is arranged above the first flushing chamber 1021, the material processed by the first reaction chamber 101 firstly comes to the first flushing chamber 1021, the first flushing chamber 1021 is continuously flushed by the second plasma generator 105, so that the first flushing chamber 1021 does not have melt adhesion, the first flushing chamber 1021 and the second flushing chamber 1022 are in staggered communication for the purpose that the material discharged from the discharge port 1016 falls to the second flushing chamber 1022 at a middle position of the second flushing chamber 1022, the adhesion of the melt in the second flushing cavity 1022 can be effectively prevented.
The discharge channel 3 comprises a sealed section 301 and an open section 302, the sealed section 301 being located above the open section 302, the open section 302 being located within the slag collection device 4.
The slag collecting device 4 is a liquid seal collecting box, a cooling liquid medium is arranged in the liquid seal collecting box, the liquid level of the cooling liquid medium is higher than the open section 302, and a liquid seal can be formed at the open section 302 of the discharge channel 3.
The cooling liquid medium is water, the upper end of the liquid seal collecting box is open or provided with an air inducing system, the water has the characteristics of low price, large specific heat capacity, clean byproducts and the like, the temperature of the material melted by the plasma generator is very high, a large amount of water vapor can be generated when the material is discharged into the water, if the water vapor is not dissipated in time, the large amount of water vapor can enter the second reaction cavity 102, and the plasma flame in the second reaction cavity 102 can decompose the water vapor into hydrogen and oxygen, so that the second reaction cavity 102 is easily damaged.
The cooling liquid medium is oil, the liquid seal collection box is well sealed, oxygen is prevented from entering the liquid seal collection box to generate combustion reaction, and a fire disaster is easily caused.
The melting furnace main body 1 is further provided with an exhaust port 106 and an observation port 107, the exhaust port 106 and the observation port 107 are arranged on the side wall of the melting furnace main body 1, and an air inducing device and a filtering device are connected behind the exhaust port 106. The filtering device can be a spray tower, aiming at introducing the gaseous products from the air inducing device into the filtering device, and cleaning the gaseous products. The observation port 107 can be externally connected with an observation window, and the molten outflow state can be observed from the observation window, so that the melting scheme can be adjusted in time.
The liquid seal collecting box is provided with a liquid supplementing hole 401 and a liquid discharging hole 402, the liquid supplementing hole 401 is arranged above the side wall of the liquid seal collecting box, and the liquid discharging hole 402 is arranged below the side wall of the liquid seal collecting box.
The melting furnace main body 1 is provided with a stainless steel shell, a heat preservation layer, a heat insulation layer and a fire-resistant layer, the fire-resistant layer wraps the first reaction chamber 101 and the second reaction chamber 102, the heat insulation layer wraps the fire-resistant layer, the heat preservation layer wraps the heat insulation layer, and the stainless steel shell is arranged on the outermost layer. The first reaction chamber 101 and the second reaction chamber 102 are wrapped by the fireproof layer, and can be subjected to direct plasma irradiation, the fireproof layer is wrapped by the heat insulation layer to block high-temperature conduction of the inner layer, and the heat insulation layer is wrapped by the heat insulation layer to reduce heat loss.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A plasma rapid melting furnace is characterized by comprising a melting furnace main body (1), a feeding device (2), a discharge channel (3), a slag collecting device (4) and a support (5), wherein the feeding device (2) is arranged on the side surface of the melting furnace main body (1), one end of the discharge channel (3) is connected with the bottom of the melting furnace main body (1), the other end of the discharge channel (3) is arranged in the slag collecting device (4), and the support (5) is arranged on the melting furnace main body (1);
the melting furnace main body (1) comprises a first reaction cavity (101), a second reaction cavity (102) and a melting furnace cover (103), a first plasma generator (104) is detachably arranged in the first reaction cavity (101), a second plasma generator (105) is detachably arranged in the second reaction cavity (102), the first reaction cavity (101) is communicated with the second reaction cavity (102), and the bottom of the second reaction cavity (102) is communicated with the discharge channel (3);
feed arrangement (2) include transmission (201), scraping wings (202), pay-off bucket (203) and feeder hopper (204), pay-off bucket (203) includes discharge gate (2031), discharge gate (2031) with first reaction chamber (101) intercommunication, feeder hopper (204) set up pay-off bucket (203) top.
2. The rapid plasma melting furnace according to claim 1, wherein the first reaction chamber (101) comprises a steep descending region (1011), a slow descending region (1012), a slow ascending region (1013), a temperature measuring hole (1014), an air inlet hole (1015) and an exhaust hole (1016), the steep descending region (1011) is close to the exhaust hole (2031), the slow ascending region (1013) is close to the exhaust hole (1016), the slow descending region (1012) is located between the steep descending region (1011) and the slow ascending region (1013), the exhaust hole (1016) is communicated with the second reaction chamber (102), the temperature measuring hole (1014) is arranged at the lower end of the first plasma generator (104), and the air inlet hole (1015) is located in the first reaction chamber (101).
3. The plasma rapid melting furnace according to claim 1, wherein the second reaction chamber (102) comprises a first flushing chamber (1021) and a second flushing chamber (1022), the first flushing chamber (1021) is located above the second flushing chamber (1022), the lower end opening of the first flushing chamber (1021) is in staggered communication with the upper end opening of the second flushing chamber (1022), and the lower end of the second flushing chamber (1022) is connected with the discharge channel (3).
4. The plasma rapid melting furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that the discharge channel (3) comprises a sealed section (301) and an open section (302), the sealed section (301) being located above the open section (302).
5. Plasma rapid melting furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that the slag collection device (4) is a liquid-tight collection tank with a cooling liquid medium in it, the level of the cooling liquid medium being higher than the open section (302).
6. The rapid plasma smelting furnace according to claim 5, wherein the cooling liquid medium is water, and the upper end of the liquid seal collection box is open or provided with an induced draft system.
7. The plasma rapid melting furnace of claim 5, wherein the cooling liquid medium is an oil.
8. The plasma rapid melting furnace according to claim 1, wherein the melting furnace main body (1) is further provided with an exhaust port (106) and an observation port (107), and the exhaust port (106) and the observation port (107) are provided on a side wall of the melting furnace main body (1).
9. The rapid plasma melting furnace according to claim 5, wherein the wet seal collection box is provided with a liquid replenishing hole (401) and a liquid discharging hole (402), the liquid replenishing hole (401) is disposed above the side wall of the wet seal collection box, and the liquid discharging hole (402) is disposed below the side wall of the wet seal collection box.
10. The plasma rapid melting furnace according to claim 1, wherein the melting furnace main body (1) is provided with a stainless steel outer shell, an insulating layer, a heat insulating layer and a fire-resistant layer, the fire-resistant layer wraps the first reaction chamber (101) and the second reaction chamber (102), the fire-resistant layer wraps the fire-resistant layer, the insulating layer wraps the heat insulating layer, and the stainless steel outer shell is arranged on the outermost layer.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202021850009.9U CN212987222U (en) | 2020-08-29 | 2020-08-29 | Plasma rapid melting furnace |
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| CN202021850009.9U CN212987222U (en) | 2020-08-29 | 2020-08-29 | Plasma rapid melting furnace |
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| CN212987222U true CN212987222U (en) | 2021-04-16 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113465371A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-10-01 | 山东鲁明新材料有限公司 | High-oxidability refractory material particle production device |
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2020
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113465371A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-10-01 | 山东鲁明新材料有限公司 | High-oxidability refractory material particle production device |
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