CN212930961U - Plasma melting furnace - Google Patents
Plasma melting furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN212930961U CN212930961U CN202021922775.1U CN202021922775U CN212930961U CN 212930961 U CN212930961 U CN 212930961U CN 202021922775 U CN202021922775 U CN 202021922775U CN 212930961 U CN212930961 U CN 212930961U
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Abstract
A plasma melting furnace relates to the technical field of hazardous waste harmless treatment devices, and comprises a furnace body, a plasma torch and a temperature sensor. Plasma torch sets up and puts at furnace body upper portion central point, and the front end of plasma torch stretches into furnace body inner chamber, and temperature sensor sets up on furnace body upper portion, and temperature sensor's induction zone stretches into furnace body inner chamber, the furnace body contain melting chamber, furnace body skin, water cooling system, furnace body inlayer, the furnace body top is equipped with feed inlet, exhanst gas outlet, air intake, furnace body side middle part is equipped with the cosolvent filling opening, furnace body opposite side end bottom is equipped with glass body fluid leakage mouth, the furnace body bottom is equipped with the heavy metal leakage fluid dram. The method can effectively remove high-concentration heavy metals, dioxin and other harmful substances in the ash slag by using the characteristics of the plasma.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a hazardous waste innocent treatment device technical field, concretely relates to plasma melting furnace.
Background
Plasma is an ionized substance which shows a form between solid, liquid and gas, has the characteristics which are not existed in the three forms, and is physically high in density, high in temperature, chemically easy to react, and most importantly, high in environmental protection. The incineration method for treating the hazardous waste is one of the main methods for treating the hazardous waste at home and abroad because the incineration method has the advantages of obvious volume reduction, capability of recovering heat energy and the like. However, the residue and fly ash (generally, the residue and fly ash are collectively called ash, which accounts for about 20-30% of the treatment amount) generated in the process of burning hazardous waste contain harmful substances such as heavy metals and dioxin with high concentration, and if the harmful substances are not treated in a harmless way again, serious environmental pollution can be caused. Statistics of data show that the toxicity equivalent (I-TEQ) of the PCDDs (polychlorinated biphenyldioxins) and the PCDFs (polychlorinated biphenylfurans) in ash is respectively in the range of 1-1040 ng/g and 1.4-280 ng/g. At present, relevant standards in China clearly list ash slag generated by hazardous waste incineration as dangerous waste, so that harmless treatment is required. Therefore, it is an urgent task in our country to find a technology which can reduce the volume of the ash (after the incineration ash is melted, the density of the slag is greatly increased, and the volume is greatly reduced), effectively remove toxicity, and make the treated product be recycled.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a plasma melting furnace aiming at the defects and shortcomings of the prior art. The method can effectively remove high-concentration heavy metals, dioxin and other harmful substances in the ash slag by using the characteristics of the plasma.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: it contains furnace body 1, plasma torch 2, temperature sensor 3, and plasma torch 2 sets up and puts at 1 upper portion central point of furnace body, and the front end of plasma torch 2 stretches into 1 inner chamber of furnace body, and temperature sensor 3 sets up on 1 upper portion of furnace body, and temperature sensor 3's induction zone stretches into 1 inner chamber of furnace body, furnace body 1 contain melting chamber 11, outer 12 of furnace body, water cooling system 13, furnace body inlayer 14, the top of furnace body 1 is equipped with feed inlet 15, exhanst gas outlet 16, air intake 110, and the side middle part of furnace body 1 is equipped with cosolvent filling opening 17, and another side bottom of furnace body 1 is equipped with glass body fluid-discharge outlet 18, and the bottom of furnace body 1 is equipped with heavy metal leakage fluid dram 19.
The furnace body 1 be cylindrical structure, furnace body outer 12 is low carbon steel matter, the surface coating of furnace body outer 12 has the antirust coating, furnace body inner 14 is the cermet material.
The water cooling system 13 is arranged between the furnace body outer layer 12 and the furnace body inner layer 14, and the water cooling system 13 is arranged in the furnace body 1 in a surrounding manner.
The air inlet 110 is connected with a flow control assembly.
The utility model discloses a theory of operation: the plasma torch injects a highly ionized gas (heated ionized air) at a temperature of up to 3000 ℃. The plasma treatment of dangerous waste is to heat the waste to superhigh temperature with plasma torch, and the active energy of basic particle is far greater than that of any intermolecular chemical bond, and the micro motion of matter is mainly atomic heat motion, and the original matter is crushed into atomic matter to destroy harmful components and to lose their activity, so as to convert complicated matter into simple harmless matter.
After the ash enters the plasma melting furnace, the organic substances in the ash react rapidly under the high temperature action of the plasma torch. During the reaction process, the amount of oxygen can be controlled by a valve at the air inlet. The material is gasified and cracked from the feed inlet to the smoke outlet and stays for at least more than 2 s. Thus, the waste organic constituents, whether solid or liquid, have sufficient energy (reaction temperature above 1200 ℃) and sufficient reaction time to completely gasify and crack into small molecules in the melting furnace to form combustible syngas (CO, H2, CH4, etc.). And the high temperature of more than 1200 ℃ enables the hazardous waste to be basically burnt out, not only leads the waste residue to be burnt out completely, but also avoids the working condition area generating dioxin from the source. Inorganic matters are melted under the action of 1450-1600 ℃ high temperature, and the components of the bottom molten pool are prepared by a cosolvent and the like, so that the viscosity of the molten pool is reduced, and the fluidity of the molten pool is increased.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the utility model discloses beneficial effect does: the power supply of the plasma furnace is a direct-current power supply, and the input power of the plasma is calibrated and adjusted according to the unit weight of the fly ash; the temperature is carried out in the operation process of the smelting furnace, so as to ensure the melting temperature in the furnace; the ash is treated by adopting a plasma technology, so that harmful substances such as high-concentration heavy metals, dioxin and the like in the ash can be effectively removed; the slag is vitrified residue, is inert substance, has extremely low permeability, and can be used as roadbed material abroad.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view corresponding to fig. 1.
Description of reference numerals: the furnace comprises a furnace body 1, a melting chamber 11, a furnace body outer layer 12, a water cooling system 13, a furnace body inner layer 14, a feeding hole 15, a flue gas outlet 16, a cosolvent injection hole 17, a vitreous body fluid discharging hole 18, a heavy metal discharging hole 19, an air inlet 110, a plasma torch 2 and a temperature sensor 3.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the technical solution adopted by the present embodiment is: it contains furnace body 1, plasma torch 2, temperature sensor 3, and plasma torch 2 sets up and puts at 1 upper portion central point of furnace body, and the front end of plasma torch 2 stretches into 1 inner chamber of furnace body, and temperature sensor 3 sets up on 1 upper portion of furnace body, and temperature sensor 3's induction zone stretches into 1 inner chamber of furnace body, furnace body 1 contain melting chamber 11, outer 12 of furnace body, water cooling system 13, furnace body inlayer 14, the top of furnace body 1 is equipped with feed inlet 15, exhanst gas outlet 16, air intake 110, and the side middle part of furnace body 1 is equipped with cosolvent filling opening 17, and another side bottom of furnace body 1 is equipped with glass body fluid-discharge outlet 18, and the bottom of furnace body 1 is equipped with heavy metal leakage fluid dram 19.
Further, furnace body 1 be cylindrical structure, outer 12 of furnace body are low carbon steel matter, the surface coating of outer 12 of furnace body has anti rust coating, effectively prevents that furnace body 1 from rustting, prolongs the life of whole device. The furnace body inner layer 14 is made of metal ceramic materials, the metal ceramic materials have the characteristics of high temperature resistance, high hardness and the like, the metal ceramic materials can bear the high temperature of 5000 ℃ at most, and the working efficiency of the plasma melting furnace is ensured.
Further, the water cooling system 13 is arranged between the furnace body outer layer 12 and the furnace body inner layer 14, and the water cooling system 13 is arranged around the inside of the furnace body 1. The water cooling system 13 can effectively reduce slag erosion and thermal stripping, and save energy.
Further, the air inlet 110 is connected with a flow control assembly. The air inlet 110 can effectively adjust the oxygen content in the ash melting process, and the production efficiency is improved.
The utility model discloses a theory of operation: the plasma torch injects a highly ionized gas (heated ionized air) at a temperature of up to 3000 ℃. The plasma treatment of dangerous waste is to heat the waste to superhigh temperature with plasma torch, and the active energy of basic particle is far greater than that of any intermolecular chemical bond, and the micro motion of matter is mainly atomic heat motion, and the original matter is crushed into atomic matter to destroy harmful components and to lose their activity, so as to convert complicated matter into simple harmless matter.
After the ash enters the plasma melting furnace, the organic substances in the ash react rapidly under the high temperature action of the plasma torch. During the reaction process, the amount of oxygen can be controlled by a valve at the air inlet. The material is gasified and cracked from the feed inlet to the smoke outlet and stays for at least more than 2 s. Thus, the waste organic constituents, whether solid or liquid, have sufficient energy (reaction temperature above 1200 ℃) and sufficient reaction time to completely gasify and crack into small molecules in the melting furnace to form combustible syngas (CO, H2, CH4, etc.). And the high temperature of more than 1200 ℃ enables the hazardous waste to be basically burnt out, not only leads the waste residue to be burnt out completely, but also avoids the working condition area generating dioxin from the source. Inorganic matters are melted under the action of 1450-1600 ℃ high temperature, and the components of the bottom molten pool are prepared by a cosolvent and the like, so that the viscosity of the molten pool is reduced, and the fluidity of the molten pool is increased.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the utility model discloses beneficial effect does: the power supply of the plasma furnace is a direct-current power supply, and the input power of the plasma is calibrated and adjusted according to the unit weight of the fly ash; the temperature is carried out in the operation process of the smelting furnace, so as to ensure the melting temperature in the furnace; the ash is treated by adopting a plasma technology, so that harmful substances such as high-concentration heavy metals, dioxin and the like in the ash can be effectively removed; the slag is vitrified residue, is inert substance, has extremely low permeability, and can be used as roadbed material abroad.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and other modifications or equivalent replacements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A plasma melting furnace, characterized by: it contains furnace body (1), plasma torch (2), temperature sensor (3), and plasma torch (2) set up and put at furnace body (1) upper portion central point, and the front end of plasma torch (2) stretches into furnace body (1) inner chamber, and temperature sensor (3) set up on furnace body (1) upper portion, and the induction zone of temperature sensor (3) stretches into furnace body (1) inner chamber, furnace body (1) contain melting chamber (11), outer (12) of furnace body, water cooling system (13), furnace body inlayer (14), and the top of furnace body (1) is equipped with feed inlet (15), exhanst gas outlet (16), air intake (110), and the side middle part of furnace body (1) is equipped with cosolvent filling opening (17), and another side bottom of furnace body (1) is equipped with glass body fluid leakage mouth (18), and the bottom of furnace body (1) is equipped with heavy metal leakage fluid dram (19).
2. A plasma fusion furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: furnace body (1) be cylindrical structure, furnace body skin (12) are low carbon steel matter, the surface coating of furnace body skin (12) has rust-resistant coating, furnace body inlayer (14) are the cermet material.
3. A plasma fusion furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water cooling system (13) is arranged between the outer layer (12) and the inner layer (14) of the furnace body, and the water cooling system (13) is arranged in the furnace body (1) in a surrounding manner.
4. A plasma fusion furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the air inlet (110) is connected with a flow control assembly.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021922775.1U CN212930961U (en) | 2020-09-07 | 2020-09-07 | Plasma melting furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021922775.1U CN212930961U (en) | 2020-09-07 | 2020-09-07 | Plasma melting furnace |
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| CN212930961U true CN212930961U (en) | 2021-04-09 |
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| CN202021922775.1U Active CN212930961U (en) | 2020-09-07 | 2020-09-07 | Plasma melting furnace |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113551236A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-10-26 | 上海中川国宇环境有限公司 | Plasma melting furnace and method of using the same |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113551236A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-10-26 | 上海中川国宇环境有限公司 | Plasma melting furnace and method of using the same |
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