CN112175673A - Treatment device and treatment method for high-calorific-value carbon-containing solid waste - Google Patents
Treatment device and treatment method for high-calorific-value carbon-containing solid waste Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
- C10J2300/0906—Physical processes, e.g. shredding, comminuting, chopping, sorting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
- C10J2300/0909—Drying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0973—Water
- C10J2300/0976—Water as steam
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
- C10J2300/123—Heating the gasifier by electromagnetic waves, e.g. microwaves
- C10J2300/1238—Heating the gasifier by electromagnetic waves, e.g. microwaves by plasma
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1671—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with the production of electricity
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Abstract
A processing apparatus of high heating value carbonaceous solid waste is characterized in that: comprises a crusher, a pulping machine, a pyrolysis furnace, a cooling and drying device and an air storage tank which are connected in sequence; the middle diameter of the pyrolysis furnace is larger than the diameters of the upper end and the lower end, a spraying device is arranged at the middle position in the pyrolysis furnace, and a plasma torch and a filtering device are also arranged in the pyrolysis furnace; a slag pool is arranged below the slag outlet of the pyrolysis furnace. The processing method suitable for the device is as follows: (1) sending the carbon-containing solid waste into a crusher for crushing treatment; (2) sending the crushed materials into a pulping machine; (3) adding oxalic acid solution to react for 2 hours; (4) adding a potassium hydroxide solution to react for 2 hours; (5) adding industrial water, heating to 80 ℃, adding formaldehyde and sodium sulfite, and reacting for 1 hour; (6) adding linoleic acid and alkyl phosphate carboxylate to react for 2 hr to obtain solid waste material slurry. (7) And feeding the solid waste raw material slurry into a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis to obtain fuel gas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a treatment device and a treatment method for solid waste, in particular to a treatment device and a treatment method for high-calorific-value carbon-containing solid waste.
Background
The solid waste refers to solid or semi-solid waste generated in production, living and other activities of people. Can be broadly divided into carbon-containing organic solid waste and carbon-free solid waste. With the rapid development of social and economic development, solid wastes in cities are more and more, and great harm is caused to the environment. The hazards mainly include: soil pollution, water pollution, atmospheric pollution and the like. Therefore, what is to do with the harmless and even resource treatment of solid waste by reasonable means becomes a hot problem in the application and development of social engineering technology nowadays.
At present, the treatment mode of the solid waste mainly comprises the following steps: solidification, landfill, direct incineration and pyrolysis gasification technologies. Wherein, the high-calorific-value carbon-containing solid waste is mainly subjected to incineration power generation technology, so that the aim of recycling waste resources is fulfilled. However, the incineration technology generates a large amount of toxic components (mainly dioxin and organic volatile matters) in the gas, and heavy metal substances in the solid residual residues cause serious secondary pollution. There is also a risk that the unstable combustion performance of the solid waste easily causes the system to be interrupted. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a new and clean treatment method for high calorific value carbon-containing solid waste.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following solutions:
a treatment device for high-calorific-value carbon-containing solid waste comprises a crusher, a pulping machine, a pyrolysis furnace, a cooling and drying device and a gas storage tank; the pyrolysis furnace is of a structure with the middle diameter larger than the diameters of the upper end and the lower end, the top end of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a fuel gas outlet, the middle position of the furnace wall of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a feed inlet of the pyrolysis furnace, the furnace wall of the lower half part of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a nitrogen inlet, the bottom surface of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a slag outlet, the middle position in the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a spraying device, the spraying device is communicated with the feed inlet of the pyrolysis furnace, the inside of the pyrolysis furnace is also provided with a plasma torch, and; the discharge gate of breaker and the pan feeding mouth intercommunication of pulper, the discharge gate and the pyrolysis oven feed inlet intercommunication of pulper, the gas export of pyrolysis oven and the entry intercommunication of cooling and drying device, cooling and drying device's export and gas holder intercommunication, the export and the gas device intercommunication of gas holder, the slag notch below of pyrolysis oven has been placed to the slag notch below.
Furthermore, the longitudinal section of the pyrolysis furnace is rhombic.
Furthermore, the plasma torch is divided into an upper plasma torch and a lower plasma torch, the upper plasma torch is arranged on the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace above the spray device, and the lower plasma torch is arranged on the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace below the spray device.
Furthermore, the upper plasma torches and the lower plasma torches are respectively provided with two groups, the two groups of upper plasma torches are arranged oppositely, and the two groups of lower plasma torches are arranged oppositely.
Further, the cooling and drying device can be directly communicated with a gas device.
Furthermore, the filtering device is a vibrating filter sieve, the aperture of the vibrating filter sieve is 0.075mm, and the vibration frequency is 13 Hz.
The treatment method applicable to the treatment device of the high-calorific-value carbon-containing solid waste is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) sending the carbon-containing solid waste into a crusher for crushing treatment, and crushing the carbon-containing solid waste into waste particles with the diameter of 0.85 mm;
(2) feeding the waste particles into a pulping machine;
(3) adding 8% by mass of oxalic acid solution, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of the oxalic acid solution to the waste particles is 10ml/g, and reacting for 2 hours;
(4) adding 8% by mass of potassium hydroxide solution, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of the potassium hydroxide solution to the waste particles is 10ml/g, and reacting for 2 hours;
(5) adding industrial water into the reacted solution according to the volume ratio of 2:1, heating to 80 ℃, adding formaldehyde with the mass concentration of 5% and sodium sulfite with the mass concentration of 10%, and reacting for 1 hour;
(6) and (3) adding a defoaming agent prepared from 20% by mass of linoleic acid and 5% by mass of alkyl phosphate carboxylate, wherein the volume ratio of the linoleic acid solution and the alkyl phosphate carboxylate solution to the solution obtained in the step (5) is 1:40, and reacting for 2 hours to obtain solid waste raw material slurry.
(7) And feeding the solid waste raw material slurry into a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis, feeding the obtained fuel gas into a cooling and drying device for cooling and drying, feeding the cooled and dried fuel gas into a gas storage tank for storage, and feeding the cooled and dried fuel gas into a fuel gas device for use, or directly feeding the cooled and dried fuel gas into the fuel gas device for use.
Furthermore, the diameter of the solid waste raw material slurry particles entering the pyrolysis furnace is 4-5 mm.
The solid waste is dried in a natural state, the requirement of the water content is less than 5%, and then the dried solid waste enters a crusher, is crushed to form waste particles with the diameter of about 0.85mm, and then enters a pulping device. The pulping device has the function of adjusting the temperature and can automatically heat according to the requirements of the preparation process. The specific flow of the pulping process is as follows: adding 8% by mass of oxalic acid solution, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of the oxalic acid solution to the waste particles is 10ml/g, and reacting for 2 hours; adding 8% by mass of potassium hydroxide solution, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of the potassium hydroxide solution to the waste particles is 10ml/g, and reacting for 2 hours; adding industrial water into the reacted solution according to the volume ratio of 2:1, heating to 80 ℃, adding formaldehyde with the mass concentration of 5% and sodium sulfite with the mass concentration of 10%, and reacting for 1 hour; adding a defoaming agent prepared from 20% by mass of linoleic acid and 5% by mass of alkyl phosphate carboxylate, wherein the volume ratio of the linoleic acid solution and the alkyl phosphate carboxylate solution to the obtained solution is 1:40, and reacting for 2 hours to obtain solid waste raw material slurry.
The pyrolysis furnace is a structure with a large middle diameter and small diameters at the upper end and the lower end, the middle part is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, and the slurry spraying device is arranged in the middle of the pyrolysis furnace. The lower plasma torch and the upper plasma torch are respectively and symmetrically arranged on the upper layer and the lower layer of the pyrolysis furnace, the nitrogen inlet is arranged on the lower part of the lower plasma torch and used for ensuring the inert atmosphere in the pyrolysis furnace, and the specific positions of the lower plasma torch and the upper plasma torch can be determined according to the specific engineering requirements. Simultaneously, install filter equipment at the pyrolysis oven top, filter equipment chooses for use the vibration filter sieve, and filter sieve aperture is 0.075mm, and frequency 13Hz prevents that a small amount of dust from blockking up. And a slag pool is arranged at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace and used for collecting residual slag after pyrolysis and gasification of the solid waste.
Solid waste magma is spouted into the pyrolysis oven through spray set, after lower plasma torch heating, carries out pyrolysis gasification in inert atmosphere, and the combustible gas of output further purifies the back through upper plasma torch, enters into cooling drying device through the vibration filter sieve, and the solid waste residue falls into the slag bath because of the effect of gravity. The combustible gas enters the gas device for combustion after being further cooled and dried, and the heat generated after combustion can be further used for power generation, so that the comprehensive utilization rate of energy is improved. Meanwhile, a set of gas storage tank is arranged between the cooling and drying device and the gas device. The gas storage tank can collect redundant pyrolysis gasification products when the gas device is in a low load state, and is used for maintaining the operation working condition of the gas device or supplying gas in the ignition process of the gas device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the pyrolysis furnace is heated by adopting a plasma torch, and the solid waste protoplasm generates glass crystal-contained crystal residues after being heated by plasma, so that heavy metal substances in the residues are fixed to prevent secondary pollution. Meanwhile, the gas product passes through the upper and lower plasma torches, so that harmful components in the gas product can be effectively decomposed at high temperature, and the effect of cleaning the gas product is achieved;
2. the pyrolysis furnace adopts solid waste raw material slurry as pyrolysis gasification raw material, does not need to additionally provide water vapor as a gasifying agent, has larger solid-liquid contact area, and improves the gasification efficiency. Meanwhile, because the volume of the raw material slurry liquid particles is small, the raw material slurry liquid particles are fully contacted with a heat source, so that the energy utilization rate is further improved;
3. the electric power generated by the gas device after power generation can directly provide electric energy for the whole system and can also be used for providing commercial power, thereby bringing certain economic benefit for enterprises;
4. the pyrolysis furnace structure is reduced gradually by middle part supreme lower both ends space, and consequently the distribution of the air velocity in the furnace body is middle minimum, in proper order to both ends crescent gradually, just so can increase the air resistance of raw materials thick liquid flow in the lower floor from the middle part, increases the residence time of material in the heating region, improves pyrolysis gasification efficiency. Meanwhile, because the air flow speed in the middle is low, dust with low mass in the lower layer can be prevented from flowing into the top.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the invention.
In the figure: 1. a crusher; 2. pulping; 3. a pyrolysis furnace; 4. a spraying device; 5. a lower layer torch; 6. an upper layer torch; 7. a filtration device; 8. a slag pool; 9. a nitrogen inlet; 10. cooling and drying; 11. a gas storage tank; 12. a gas-fired device.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic views illustrating only the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and thus show only the constitution related to the present invention.
Example 1: as shown in figure 1 of the drawings, in which,
a treatment device for high-calorific-value carbon-containing solid waste comprises a crusher 1, a pulping machine 2, a pyrolysis furnace 3, a cooling and drying device 10 and a gas storage tank 11; 3 longitudinal section of pyrolysis oven is the rhombus structure, 3 tops of pyrolysis oven are provided with the gas export, 3 oven intermediate positions of pyrolysis oven are provided with the pyrolysis oven feed inlet, 3 lower half oven of pyrolysis oven are opened there is nitrogen gas entry 9, 3 bottom surfaces of pyrolysis oven are opened there is the slag notch, intermediate position is provided with spray set 4 in the pyrolysis oven 3, spray set 4 and pyrolysis oven feed inlet intercommunication, still be provided with the plasma torch in the pyrolysis oven 3, the plasma torch divide into upper plasma torch 6 and lower floor's plasma torch 5, upper plasma torch 6 sets up in the 3 inner walls of pyrolysis oven above spray set 4, lower floor's plasma torch 5 sets up in the pyrolysis oven of spray set 4 below, the inner wall. A filtering device 7 is arranged at the top inside the pyrolysis furnace 3 and below the fuel gas outlet, the filtering device 7 adopts a vibrating filter screen, the aperture of the vibrating filter screen is 0.075mm, and the vibration frequency is 13 Hz; the discharge gate of breaker 1 and the pan feeding mouth intercommunication of pulper 2, the discharge gate of pulper 2 and the 3 feed inlets of pyrolysis furnace intercommunication, the gas outlet of pyrolysis furnace 3 and the entry intercommunication of cooling and drying device 10, the export and the gas holder 11 intercommunication of cooling and drying device 10, the export and the gas device 12 intercommunication of gas holder 11, cooling and drying device 10 still can directly communicate with gas device 12. A slag pool 8 is arranged below the slag outlet of the pyrolysis furnace 3.
The treatment method applicable to the treatment device of the high-calorific-value carbon-containing solid waste is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) sending the carbon-containing solid waste into a crusher 1 for crushing treatment, and crushing the carbon-containing solid waste into waste particles with the diameter of 0.85 mm;
(2) feeding the waste particles into a pulping machine 2;
(3) adding 8% by mass of oxalic acid solution, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of the oxalic acid solution to the waste particles is 10ml/g, and reacting for 2 hours;
(4) adding 8% by mass of potassium hydroxide solution, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of the potassium hydroxide solution to the waste particles is 10ml/g, and reacting for 2 hours;
(5) adding industrial water into the reacted solution according to the volume ratio of 2:1, heating to 80 ℃, adding formaldehyde with the mass concentration of 5% and sodium sulfite with the mass concentration of 10%, and reacting for 1 hour;
(6) and (3) adding a defoaming agent prepared from 20% by mass of linoleic acid and 5% by mass of alkyl phosphate carboxylate, wherein the volume ratio of the linoleic acid solution and the alkyl phosphate carboxylate solution to the solution obtained in the step (5) is 1:40, and reacting for 2 hours to obtain solid waste raw material slurry.
(7) The solid waste raw material slurry is sent into the pyrolysis furnace 3 for pyrolysis, and the diameter of the solid waste raw material slurry particles entering the pyrolysis furnace 3 is 4-5 mm. The obtained fuel gas enters a cooling and drying device 10 for cooling and drying, then is sent to a gas storage tank 11 for storage, and then enters a fuel gas device 12 for use, or is directly sent to the fuel gas device 12 for use.
The carbon-containing solid waste is dried in a natural state, the requirement of the water content is less than 5%, and then the dried solid waste enters a crusher 1, is crushed to form waste particles with the diameter of about 0.85mm, and then enters a pulping device 2. The pulping device 2 has the function of adjusting the temperature and can automatically heat up according to the requirements of the preparation process. The specific flow of the pulping process is as follows: adding 8% by mass of oxalic acid solution, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of the oxalic acid solution to the waste particles is 10ml/g, and reacting for 2 hours; adding 8% by mass of potassium hydroxide solution, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of the potassium hydroxide solution to the waste particles is 10ml/g, and reacting for 2 hours; adding industrial water into the reacted solution according to the volume ratio of 2:1, heating to 80 ℃, adding formaldehyde with the mass concentration of 5% and sodium sulfite with the mass concentration of 10%, and reacting for 1 hour; adding a defoaming agent prepared from 20% by mass of linoleic acid and 5% by mass of alkyl phosphate carboxylate, wherein the volume ratio of the linoleic acid solution and the alkyl phosphate carboxylate solution to the obtained solution is 1:40, and reacting for 2 hours to obtain solid waste raw material slurry.
The pyrolysis furnace 3 is a structure with a large middle diameter and small diameters at the upper end and the lower end, the middle part is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, and the spraying device 4 is arranged in the middle of the pyrolysis furnace 3. Lower floor's plasma torch 5 and upper plasma torch 6 symmetrical installation respectively in pyrolysis oven 3 lower part lateral wall and upper portion lateral wall, and nitrogen gas entry 9 arranges in lower floor's ion torch 5 lower part for guarantee the inert atmosphere in pyrolysis oven 3, the specific position of three can be confirmed according to concrete engineering needs. Simultaneously, install filter equipment at pyrolysis oven top, filter equipment 7 chooses for use the vibration filter sieve, and filter sieve aperture is 0.075mm, and frequency 13Hz prevents that a small amount of dust from blockking up. And a slag pool 8 is arranged at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace 3 and used for collecting residual slag after pyrolysis and gasification of the solid waste.
Solid waste magma is spouted into pyrolysis furnace 3 in through spray set 4, after heating through lower floor's plasma torch 5, carries out pyrolysis gasification in inert atmosphere, and the combustible gas of output further purifies through upper plasma torch 6 back, enters into cooling and drying device 10 through filter equipment 7, and the solid waste residue falls into slag bath 8 because of the effect of gravity. The combustible gas enters the gas device 12 for combustion after being further cooled and dried, and the heat generated after combustion can be further used for power generation, so that the comprehensive utilization rate of energy is improved. Meanwhile, a set of air storage tank 11 is arranged at the middle position between the cooling and drying device 10 and the gas device 12. The gas tank 11 may collect surplus pyrolysis gasification products at a low load of the gas combustion device 12 for maintaining the operation of the gas combustion device 12 or the gas supply during the ignition of the gas combustion device 12.
The pyrolysis furnace 3 adopts a plasma torch for heating, and the solid waste protoplasm generates glass crystal-contained crystal residues after plasma heating, so that heavy metal substances in the residues are fixed to prevent secondary pollution. Meanwhile, the gas product passes through the upper and lower plasma torches, so that harmful components in the gas product can be effectively decomposed at high temperature, and the effect of cleaning the gas product is achieved;
the pyrolysis furnace 3 adopts solid waste raw material slurry as pyrolysis gasification raw material, does not need to additionally provide water vapor as a gasification agent, has larger solid-liquid contact area, and improves the gasification efficiency. Meanwhile, because the volume of the raw material slurry liquid particles is small, the raw material slurry liquid particles are fully contacted with a heat source, so that the energy utilization rate is further improved;
the electric power generated by the gas device 12 after power generation can directly provide electric energy for the whole system and can also be used for providing commercial power, thereby bringing certain economic benefit for enterprises;
the 3 structures of pyrolysis oven are reduced gradually by middle part to upper and lower both ends space, and consequently the distribution of air velocity in the furnace body is middle minimum, in proper order to both ends crescent gradually, just so can increase the air resistance that raw materials thick liquid flows into the lower floor from the middle part, increases the dwell time of material in the heating region, improves pyrolysis gasification efficiency. Meanwhile, because the air flow speed in the middle is low, dust with low mass in the lower layer can be prevented from flowing into the top.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned list is only a specific embodiment of the present invention. It is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but many variations are possible. All modifications which can be derived or suggested by a person skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention are to be considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A processing apparatus of high heating value carbonaceous solid waste is characterized in that: comprises a crusher, a pulping machine, a pyrolysis furnace, a cooling and drying device and a gas storage tank; the pyrolysis furnace is of a structure with the middle diameter larger than the diameters of the upper end and the lower end, the top end of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a fuel gas outlet, the middle position of the furnace wall of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a feed inlet of the pyrolysis furnace, the furnace wall of the lower half part of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a nitrogen inlet, the bottom surface of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a slag outlet, the middle position in the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a spraying device, the spraying device is communicated with the feed inlet of the pyrolysis furnace, the inside of the pyrolysis furnace is also provided with a plasma torch, and; the discharge gate of breaker and the pan feeding mouth intercommunication of pulper, the discharge gate and the pyrolysis oven feed inlet intercommunication of pulper, the gas export of pyrolysis oven and the entry intercommunication of cooling and drying device, cooling and drying device's export and gas holder intercommunication, the export and the gas device intercommunication of gas holder, the slag notch below of pyrolysis oven has been placed to the slag notch below.
2. An apparatus for treating high calorific value carbonaceous solid waste, as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the longitudinal section of the pyrolysis furnace is rhombic.
3. An apparatus for treating high calorific value carbonaceous solid waste, as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the plasma torch is divided into an upper plasma torch and a lower plasma torch, the upper plasma torch is arranged on the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace above the spraying device, and the lower plasma torch is arranged on the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace below the spraying device.
4. An apparatus for treating high calorific value carbonaceous solid waste, as set forth in claim 3, wherein: the upper plasma torches and the lower plasma torches are respectively provided with two groups, the two groups of upper plasma torches are oppositely arranged, and the two groups of lower plasma torches are oppositely arranged.
5. An apparatus for treating high calorific value carbonaceous solid waste, as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the cooling and drying device can also be directly communicated with a gas device.
6. The apparatus for treating high calorific value carbonaceous solid waste as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the filter device is a vibration filter sieve, the aperture of the vibration filter sieve is 0.075mm, and the vibration frequency is 13 Hz.
7. The treatment method applicable to the treatment device of the high-calorific-value carbon-containing solid waste is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) sending the carbon-containing solid waste into a crusher for crushing treatment, and crushing the carbon-containing solid waste into waste particles with the diameter of 0.85 mm;
(2) feeding the waste particles into a pulping machine;
(3) adding 8% by mass of oxalic acid solution, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of the oxalic acid solution to the waste particles is 10ml/g, and reacting for 2 hours;
(4) adding 8% by mass of potassium hydroxide solution, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of the potassium hydroxide solution to the waste particles is 10ml/g, and reacting for 2 hours;
(5) adding industrial water into the reacted solution according to the volume ratio of 2:1, heating to 80 ℃, adding formaldehyde with the mass concentration of 5% and sodium sulfite with the mass concentration of 10%, and reacting for 1 hour;
(6) and (3) adding a defoaming agent prepared from 20% by mass of linoleic acid and 5% by mass of alkyl phosphate carboxylate, wherein the volume ratio of the linoleic acid solution and the alkyl phosphate carboxylate solution to the solution obtained in the step (5) is 1:40, and reacting for 2 hours to obtain solid waste raw material slurry.
(7) And feeding the solid waste raw material slurry into a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis, feeding the obtained fuel gas into a cooling and drying device for cooling and drying, feeding the cooled and dried fuel gas into a gas storage tank for storage, and feeding the cooled and dried fuel gas into a fuel gas device for use, or directly feeding the cooled and dried fuel gas into the fuel gas device for use.
8. The method for treating a high calorific value carbonaceous solid waste treatment apparatus as set forth in claim 6, wherein: the diameter of solid waste raw material slurry particles entering the pyrolysis furnace is 4-5 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910602987.7A CN112175673A (en) | 2019-07-05 | 2019-07-05 | Treatment device and treatment method for high-calorific-value carbon-containing solid waste |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910602987.7A CN112175673A (en) | 2019-07-05 | 2019-07-05 | Treatment device and treatment method for high-calorific-value carbon-containing solid waste |
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