CN212954302U

CN212954302U - Portable hydrogen production device and self-circulation hydrogen generation system

Info

Publication number: CN212954302U
Application number: CN202020830788.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王凯; 王元湘
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Zhongneng Fuyun Group Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2020-05-18
Filing date: 2020-05-18
Publication date: 2021-04-13
Anticipated expiration: 2030-05-18

Abstract

The utility model discloses a portable hydrogen production device and a self-circulation hydrogen generation system, wherein the hydrogen production device comprises a reactor, and the reactor is provided with a water inlet and an exhaust port; still include the heat transfer air flue, the one end and the gas vent intercommunication of heat transfer air flue, the other end of heat transfer air flue is connected with gaseous buffer memory room, and the heat transfer air flue sets the heat exchange tube, and the delivery water of heat exchange tube is used for carrying to the water inlet and provides the reaction water for the reactor. The hydrogen production device of the utility model has simple and quick hydrogen production, is easy to carry, can supply hydrogen for fuel cells, mobile devices and the like, and is suitable for the fields of field operation, emergency rescue, military operation and the like.

Description

Portable hydrogen production device and self-circulation hydrogen generation system

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of hydrogen manufacturing, concretely relates to portable hydrogen plant and self-loopa hydrogen generating system.

Background

Energy is not only the foundation and important guarantee for human social survival and continued forward development, but also the focus of political, economic and foreign exchange concerns of all countries in the world today. Throughout history, every advance in human society has been accompanied by changes in energy. At present, the world energy composition is mainly three traditional energy sources of coal, petroleum and natural gas, the economic development of China is in a new normal state, the energy consumption is accelerated and slowed down, but the problems of development quality and efficiency are prominent, and the energy supply innovation is not slow. Due to the non-regenerability of three traditional energy sources and the serious environmental pollution caused by the use of the three traditional energy sources, the human society is facing a severe energy crisis and environmental crisis.

Hydrogen is the element No. one in the periodic table of elements and is the smallest and lightest element among known elements, and simultaneously hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe, and the hydrogen content in the constituent elements of the universe substance exceeds 90 percent. The hydrogen and the oxygen are combusted to generate water, the resultant is pollution-free, and huge energy is released in the reaction process, and the energy is hydrogen energy. Hydrogen energy is regarded as the most promising clean energy source in the 21 st century, and research and application of hydrogen energy technology in countries around the world are actively being carried out. In view of the rapid development of hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell technology, some of the fuel cell vehicles, such as Mirai by Toyota and Clarity by Honda, have been successfully commercialized. However, these products have the same problem of storing hydrogen in heavy high-pressure bottles and then supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell. The hydrogen supply mode increases the dead weight of the automobile, reduces the endurance mileage of the fuel cell automobile, and has the defects of large volume, high manufacturing cost and low energy utilization rate. In view of the fact that the aluminum alloy hydrolysis hydrogen production technology utilizes chemical reaction to generate hydrogen, the fuel cell is a good tool for converting hydrogen energy into electric energy. Therefore, the aluminum alloy hydrolysis hydrogen production system can be used for producing hydrogen in real time and supplying hydrogen for the fuel cell in real time, and the links of high-pressure bottle hydrogen storage in the hydrogen using process are reduced.

When the fuel cell works at normal temperature, H + at the inner cathode side reacts with introduced O2 to generate water, and the water is exchanged and discharged from the catalytic layer to the diffusion layer and then to the cathode flow channel through convection in a gas state or a liquid state. When the external temperature is below 0 ℃, if the heat generated by the chemical reaction at the start of the fuel cell is insufficient to support the discharge of water in a gaseous or liquid state, ice may form to block the passage of the reaction gas, freeze the membrane electrode, cause the termination of the electrochemical reaction, and possibly cause irreversible damage to the membrane electrode. The low-temperature cold start is one of the main factors influencing the commercialization of the fuel cell, and the insufficient reaction heat of the start is the main reason for the external low-temperature freezing of the membrane electrode.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a portable hydrogen production device, the hydrogen production is simple and quick, and the portable hydrogen production device is easy to carry, can supply hydrogen for fuel cells, mobile devices and the like, and is suitable for the fields of field operation, emergency rescue, military operation and the like.

The utility model discloses the technical scheme who adopts does: the utility model provides a portable hydrogen plant, includes the reactor, and the reactor is equipped with water inlet and gas vent, its characterized in that still includes the heat transfer air flue, the one end of heat transfer air flue with the gas vent intercommunication, the other end of heat transfer air flue are connected with gaseous buffer memory room, and the heat transfer air flue sets the heat exchange tube, the delivery water of heat exchange tube is used for carrying to the water inlet and provides the reaction water for the reactor.

As a preferable mode, the reactor also comprises a water storage tank, the heat exchange air channel is arranged in the water storage tank, the heat exchange tube is arranged in the heat exchange air channel, the output port of the heat exchange tube is communicated with the water storage tank, and the water storage tank is communicated with the water inlet of the reactor.

Preferably, the reactor is provided with a spiral heat absorption pipe, the spiral heat absorption pipe is provided with a water outlet and a water inlet, the water outlet is communicated with the input port of the heat exchange pipe, and the water inlet is communicated with the water storage tank.

As a preferable mode, a waterproof and breathable film is arranged between the heat exchange air passage and the gas buffer chamber, and the heat exchange air passage is connected with a first water collecting chamber; the heat exchange air flue is S-shaped, and the heat exchange tube is a spiral tube.

Another object of the utility model is to provide a portable self-loopa hydrogen gas generation system, including hydrogen plant, still include hydrogen combustion device, hydrogen combustion device with gaseous buffer memory room intercommunication, and the water that hydrogen combustion device produced is used for carrying to reactor or storage water tank.

As a preferable mode, the hydrogen combustion device comprises a fuel cell, the fuel cell is provided with a shutdown purging device, the shutdown purging device comprises a first driving pump and a gas-water separator, an inlet end of the gas-water separator is communicated with a cathode evacuation port of the fuel cell, an inlet end of the first driving pump is respectively communicated with a gas outlet end of the gas-water separator, a gas buffer chamber and an exhaust port of the reactor, and an outlet end of the first driving pump is respectively communicated with an anode inlet and a cathode inlet of the fuel cell.

As a preferred mode, the gas-water separator comprises a shell, a gas-water separation pipe is arranged in the shell, the inlet of the gas-water separation pipe is communicated with the inlet end of the gas-water separator, the gas outlet of the gas-water separation pipe is communicated with the gas outlet end of the gas-water separator, and the liquid outlet of the gas-water separation pipe is connected with a second water collecting chamber; and a cooling air passage is arranged between the shell and the gas-water separation pipe, one end of the cooling air passage is communicated with the outside air, and the other end of the cooling air passage is communicated with a cathode inlet of the fuel cell.

Preferably, a second driving pump is connected between the spiral heat absorption pipe and the water storage tank, the second driving pump is provided with a first driving pump inlet, a second driving pump inlet, a first driving pump outlet and a second driving pump outlet, the first driving pump inlet is communicated with the water storage tank, the second driving pump inlet is communicated with the second water collecting chamber, and the first driving pump outlet and the second driving pump outlet are respectively communicated with a water inlet of the spiral heat absorption pipe and a water inlet of the reactor; a waterproof and breathable film is arranged between the heat exchange air passage and the gas buffer chamber, and the heat exchange air passage is connected with a first water collecting chamber; the cooling air flue is S-shaped, the gas-water separation pipe is a spiral pipe, and the second water collecting chamber is communicated with the first water collecting chamber.

As a preferable mode, a fifth control valve is arranged between the heat exchange air channel and the air exhaust port, the fifth control valve is provided with a first valve inlet, a first valve outlet, a second valve outlet and a third valve outlet, the first valve inlet is communicated with the air exhaust port, the first valve outlet is communicated with the heat exchange air channel, the second valve outlet is communicated with the inlet end of the gas-water separator and the anode inlet of the fuel cell, and the third valve outlet is communicated with the inlet end of the first driving pump.

Preferably, the fuel cell is connected with an electricity storage device, the electricity storage device comprises a storage battery, and a positive and negative electrode adjustment circuit is arranged between the storage battery and the fuel cell.

The utility model has the advantages that:

1. the utility model provides a portable hydrogen plant, the one end and the gas vent intercommunication of cooling air flue, the other end of cooling air flue is connected with gaseous buffer memory room, and the delivery water of heat exchange tube is used for carrying to the water inlet and provides the reaction water for the reactor. Because the hydrogen production reaction is an exothermic reaction, the generated hydrogen has higher temperature and contains water vapor, the hydrogen enters the cooling air passage through the exhaust port, and the cooling water in the heat exchange tube absorbs the heat of the hydrogen so that the low-temperature hydrogen enters the gas cache chamber. The cooling water absorbs heat and then is used as reaction water of the reactor, which is beneficial to the hydrogen production reaction and reduces the energy consumption of heating the reaction water. The hydrogen production device of the utility model has simple and quick hydrogen production, is easy to carry, can supply hydrogen for fuel cells, mobile devices and the like, and is suitable for the fields of field operation, emergency rescue, military operation and the like.

2. The utility model provides a portable self-loopa hydrogen gas generation system, hydrogen are generated by the reactor, and the product water that generates after hydrogen burner consumes can participate in the hydrogen manufacturing reaction once more after the circulation is retrieved to reduce the raw materials water demand of hydrogen manufacturing technique, reduced portable self-loopa hydrogen gas generation system's volume and weight, very big improvement self-loopa hydrogen gas generation system's portability and practicality.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a state diagram of a portable self-circulation hydrogen generation system provided by the present invention starting the self-circulation hydrogen generation system in a normal mode;

fig. 2 is a state diagram of the portable self-circulation hydrogen generation system provided by the present invention during the start-up of the fuel cell in the low temperature mode;

in the figure: 1-a reactor; 2-a water inlet; 3-an exhaust port; 4-heat exchange tube; 5-heat exchange air passage; 6-gas buffer room; 7-a water storage tank; 8-a spiral heat absorption tube; 9-water outlet; 10-water inlet; 11-waterproof breathable film; 12-a first water collection chamber; 13-a water filling port; 14-a first drive pump; 15-gas-water separator; 16-a second drive pump; 17-a second water collection chamber; 18-a fifth control valve; 19-a battery; 20-positive and negative pole opposite adjusting circuit; 21-a control unit; 22-a first pressure sensor; 23-a second pressure sensor; 24-a liquid level meter; 25-a first control valve; 26-a second control valve; 27-a third control valve; 28-a fourth control valve; 29-a sixth control valve; 30-a seventh control valve; 31-an eighth control valve; 32-a ninth control valve; 33-a cooling air duct; 34-a gas-water separation pipe; 35-a first level switch; 36-a second level switch; 37-a first draft tube; 38-second draft tube.

Detailed Description

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a portable hydrogen production apparatus that produces hydrogen using an aluminum water reaction. The hydrogen production device comprises a reactor 1, wherein the reactor 1 is provided with a water inlet 2 and an exhaust port 3, a water source enters the reactor 1 through the water inlet 2 to react to generate hydrogen, the exhaust port 3 is arranged at the top of the reactor 1, and the hydrogen generated by the reactor 1 is discharged through the exhaust port 3.

Reactor 1 is equipped with heat transfer air flue 5 outward, the one end of heat transfer air flue 5 with gas vent 3 intercommunication, the other end of heat transfer air flue 5 is connected with gaseous buffer memory room 6, and heat transfer air flue 5 sets heat exchange tube 4, and heat exchange tube 4 can set up in heat transfer air flue 5, also can twine on the outer wall of heat transfer air flue 5, makes the cooling water of heat exchange tube 4 can absorb the gas heat in the heat transfer air flue 5, the output water of heat exchange tube 4 is used for carrying to water inlet 2 and provides the reaction water for reactor 1. Because the hydrogen production reaction is an exothermic reaction, the generated hydrogen has higher temperature and contains water vapor, and the hydrogen enters the heat exchange air flue 5 through the exhaust port 3, and the cooling water in the heat exchange tube 4 absorbs the heat of the hydrogen, so that the low-temperature hydrogen enters the gas cache chamber 6. The cooling water absorbs heat and then is used as reaction water of the reactor 1, which is beneficial to the hydrogen production reaction and reduces the energy consumption of heating the reaction water. The hydrogen production device of the utility model has simple and quick hydrogen production, is easy to carry, can supply hydrogen for fuel cells, mobile devices and the like, and is suitable for the fields of field operation, emergency rescue, military operation and the like.

In the embodiment, the hydrogen production device further comprises a water storage tank 7, the heat exchange air passage 5 is arranged in the water storage tank 7, the heat exchange tube 4 is arranged in the heat exchange air passage 5, an output port of the heat exchange tube 4 is communicated with the water storage tank 7, and the water storage tank 7 is communicated with the water inlet 2 of the reactor 1. High-temperature hydrogen is arranged in the heat exchange air passage 5, water in the water storage tank 7 is directly contacted with the outer wall of the heat exchange air passage 5, the heat of the high-temperature hydrogen can be absorbed, the heat exchange tube 4 can also directly absorb the heat of the hydrogen in the heat exchange air passage 5, hot water output by the heat exchange tube 4 is temporarily stored in the water storage tank 7, and then the hot water is conveyed to the reactor 1 through the water inlet 2 of the reactor 1. Wherein, the gas buffer chamber 6 is arranged at the top of the water storage tank 7, and the hydrogen of the heat exchange air channel 5 enters the gas buffer chamber 6 from bottom to top. The top of the water storage tank 7 is provided with a water filling port 13, the water filling port 13 is used for adding water into the water storage tank 7, the water filling port 13 is provided with a filter screen and a ceramic heating ring, the filter screen is used for filtering water entering the water storage tank 7, the ceramic heating ring can heat ice and snow to melt into liquid water under a low-temperature environment, and the water filling port 13 is provided with a threaded cover for convenient water adding.

In this embodiment, a spiral heat absorption pipe 8 is disposed on the outer wall of the reactor 1, the spiral heat absorption pipe 8 is provided with a water outlet 9 and a water inlet 10, the water outlet 9 is communicated with the input port of the heat exchange pipe 4, and the water inlet 10 is communicated with the water storage tank 7. The water in the spiral heat absorption pipe 8 can directly absorb the heat in the reactor 1 to raise the temperature, then the water is conveyed to the water storage tank 7 and then conveyed to the reactor 1 through the water inlet 2 of the reactor 1, and the reaction water in the reactor 1 is hot water, which is beneficial to the hydrogen production reaction.

In the present embodiment, a spray pipe communicating with the water inlet 2 is provided in the reactor 1, and the spray pipe is provided with a spray hole. The reaction water delivered from the water inlet 2 is uniformly sprayed on the aluminum raw material through the spray holes on the spray pipe, and reacts with the aluminum raw material in the reactor 1 to generate hydrogen. The reaction of water with the aluminum source is exothermic and the resulting hot hydrogen contains water vapor.

In this embodiment, a waterproof and breathable membrane 11 is provided between the heat exchange air passage 5 and the gas buffer chamber 6, and the heat exchange air passage 5 is connected with a first water collecting chamber 12. The waterproof breathable film 11 only allows gas to pass through, and moisture cannot pass through. The hydrogen gas output by the exhaust port 3 contains water vapor, the hydrogen gas is subjected to heat exchange and cooling in the heat exchange air passage 5, liquid water formed after the water vapor is cooled is stored in the first water collecting chamber 12, and the cooled hydrogen gas passes through the waterproof breathable film 11 and then is stored in the gas cache chamber 6.

In the embodiment, the heat exchange air flue 5 is S-shaped, the heat exchange tube 4 is a spiral tube, the heat exchange tube 4 is arranged in the heat exchange air flue 5, and the shape of the heat exchange tube 4 is matched with that of the heat exchange air flue 5. It can greatly increase the cooling time of hydrogen, cool the water vapor into liquid water and store the liquid water in the first water collecting chamber 12, and is beneficial to heating the water storage tank 7 and the heat exchange pipe 4. Preferably, the gas flow direction of the heat exchange gas duct 5 is opposite to the liquid flow direction of the heat exchange tube 4.

In this embodiment, the reactor 1 comprises a main body and a cover plate connected with the main body, the main body and the cover plate are detachably connected, for example, through a quick fastening bolt, a sealing rubber ring is arranged between the main body and the cover plate, and the cover plate is provided with a plug-in line concentration socket. The plug-in type line concentration power strip is provided with a quick gas-liquid pipe joint which comprises a water inlet joint and a gas outlet joint. When the aluminum raw material for reaction needs to be replaced, the plug-in type line concentration socket is pulled out, the cover plate is detached, the reaction product (the components are alumina and catalyst) in the main body is cleaned out, the material is recharged, the cover plate is covered, and the plug-in type line concentration socket is plugged.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, this embodiment provides a portable self-circulation hydrogen generation system, including reactor 1 and hydrogen combustion apparatus, reactor 1 is equipped with water inlet 2 and gas vent 3, still includes heat transfer air flue 5, the one end of heat transfer air flue 5 with gas vent 3 intercommunication, the other end of heat transfer air flue 5 is connected with gaseous buffer memory room 6, and heat transfer air flue 5 has set heat exchange tube 4, the output water of heat exchange tube 4 is used for carrying to water inlet 2 and provides the reaction water for reactor 1.

Still include storage water tank 7, heat transfer air flue 5 sets up in the storage water tank 7, heat exchange tube 4 sets up in the heat transfer air flue 5, and the delivery outlet of heat exchange tube 4 with storage water tank 7 intercommunication, storage water tank 7 communicates with the water inlet 2 of reactor 1. The reactor 1 is provided with a spiral heat absorption pipe 8, the spiral heat absorption pipe 8 is provided with a water outlet 9 and a water inlet 10, the water outlet 9 is communicated with an input port of the heat exchange pipe 4, and the water inlet 10 is communicated with the water storage tank 7. And an injection pipe communicated with the water inlet 2 is arranged in the reactor 1, and the injection pipe is provided with an injection hole. The heat exchange air flue 5 is S-shaped, the heat exchange tube 4 is a spiral tube, the heat exchange tube 4 is installed in the heat exchange air flue 5, and the shape of the heat exchange tube 4 is matched with that of the heat exchange air flue 5.

The reactor 1 comprises a main body and a cover plate connected with the main body, wherein the cover plate is provided with a plug-in line concentration socket. Wherein, the gas buffer chamber 6 is arranged at the top of the water storage tank 7, and the hydrogen of the heat exchange air channel 5 enters the gas buffer chamber 6 from bottom to top. The top of the water storage tank 7 is provided with a water filling port 13, the water filling port 13 is used for adding water into the water storage tank 7, the water filling port 13 is provided with a filter screen and a ceramic heating ring, the filter screen is used for filtering water entering the water storage tank 7, the ceramic heating ring can heat ice and snow to melt into liquid water under a low-temperature environment, and the water filling port 13 is provided with a threaded cover for convenient water adding.

The hydrogen combustion device is communicated with the gas buffer chamber 6, hydrogen generated by the reactor 1 is conveyed to the hydrogen combustion device, the hydrogen combustion device can directly convert chemical energy of the hydrogen into heat energy or electric energy to be output, and water generated by the hydrogen combustion device is conveyed to the reactor 1 or the water storage tank 7, so that water recycling is realized. The portable self-circulation hydrogen generation system has small volume and light weight, and can be used as a portable power supply for field operation, emergency rescue, military operation and the like.

In this embodiment, the hydrogen combustion device includes a fuel cell, the fuel cell is equipped with the shut-down purging device, the shut-down purging device includes first driving pump 14 and gas-water separator 15, first driving pump 14 is the air pump, the entry end of gas-water separator 15 communicates with the cathode evacuation mouth of fuel cell, connects first control valve 25 between the entry end of gas-water separator 15 and the cathode evacuation mouth of fuel cell for the gas-liquid output of control cathode evacuation mouth. A second control valve 26 is connected to the cathode inlet of the fuel cell for controlling the air input.

The inlet end of the first driving pump 14 is respectively communicated with the gas outlet end of the gas-water separator 15, the gas buffer chamber 6 and the exhaust port 3 of the reactor 1, and the outlet end of the first driving pump 14 is respectively communicated with the anode inlet and the cathode inlet of the fuel cell. A sixth control valve 29 is connected to the anode inlet of the fuel cell for controlling the input of hydrogen. The outlet end of the first driving pump 14 is connected with a third control valve 27, the third control valve 27 is a two-position four-way electromagnetic valve, the input end of the two-position four-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the outlet end of the first driving pump 14, one output end of the two-position four-way electromagnetic valve is an emptying port, and the other two output ends are respectively connected with the second control valve 26 and the sixth control valve 29.

And a seventh control valve 30 is further connected to one inlet end of the first driving pump 14, the seventh control valve 30 has two input ends and one output end, the two input ends of the seventh control valve 30 are respectively communicated with the gas buffer chamber 6 and the exhaust port 3 of the reactor 1, the output end of the seventh control valve 30 is connected with the first driving pump 14, and the evacuation operation of the gas buffer chamber 6 and the reactor 1 is realized through the first driving pump 14. A communication hole is formed between the gas cache chamber 6 and the water storage tank 7, a waterproof breathable film 11 is arranged in the communication hole, and the water storage tank 7 can be emptied by the gas cache chamber 6 during emptying.

In this embodiment, the gas-water separator 15 includes a housing, a gas-water separation pipe 34 is provided in the housing, and a waterproof and breathable film is provided in the gas-water separation pipe 34, so that gas-water separation can be achieved. The inlet of the gas-water separation pipe 34 is communicated with the inlet end of the gas-water separator 15, the gas outlet of the gas-water separation pipe 34 is communicated with the gas outlet end of the gas-water separator 15, and the liquid outlet of the gas-water separation pipe 34 is connected with the second water collecting chamber 17; a cooling air passage 33 is arranged between the shell and the gas-water separation pipe 34, one end of the cooling air passage 33 is communicated with the outside air, and the other end of the cooling air passage 33 is communicated with the cathode inlet of the fuel cell. The cooling air passage 33 is S-shaped, the gas-water separation pipe 34 is a spiral pipe, and the gas-water separation pipe 34 is installed on the cooling air passage 33. The air-water separation pipe 34 heats the external cold air and conveys the air to the cathode inlet of the fuel cell, so that the temperature of the fuel cell stack can be raised; meanwhile, the cold air can absorb the heat of the mixed gas in the gas-water separation pipe 34, so that the gas-water separator 15 can rapidly separate the liquid and the gas.

In this embodiment, a second driving pump 16 is connected between the water inlet 10 of the spiral heat absorbing pipe 8 and the water storage tank 7, the second driving pump 16 is a water pump, the second driving pump 16 is provided with a first driving pump inlet, a second driving pump inlet, a first driving pump outlet and a second driving pump outlet, the first driving pump inlet is communicated with the water storage tank 7, the second driving pump inlet is communicated with the second water collecting chamber 17, and the first driving pump outlet and the second driving pump outlet are respectively communicated with the water inlet 10 of the spiral heat absorbing pipe 8 and the water inlet 2 of the reactor 1. And a fourth control valve 28 is connected between the second driving pump inlet and the second water collecting chamber 17, a one-way valve is connected between the second driving pump inlet and the fourth control valve 28, after water is generated by reaction in the fuel cell, the water is discharged from the liquid outlet end under the separation action of the gas-water separator 15 and is conveyed into the water storage tank 7 by the second driving pump 16, and the water is recycled. Wherein, a one-way valve is arranged between the second driving pump inlet and the fourth control valve 28 to prevent water from flowing backwards. The second driving pump 16 is started to pump the water in the water storage tank 7 into the spiral heat absorption pipe 8 and the reactor 1, and the second driving pump 16 is opened to pump the water in the second water collecting chamber 17 into the spiral heat absorption pipe 8 and the reactor 1.

In this embodiment, a waterproof and breathable membrane 11 is arranged between the heat exchange air passage 5 and the gas buffer chamber 6, the heat exchange air passage 5 is connected with a first water collecting chamber 12, and the heat exchange air passage 5 is connected with the first water collecting chamber 12 through a first flow guide pipe 37; the cooling air passage 33 is S-shaped, and the second water collecting chamber 17 communicates with the first water collecting chamber 12. The gas-water separation pipe 34 is connected with the second water collecting chamber 17 through a second guide pipe 38, the second water collecting chamber 17 is communicated with the first water collecting chamber 12, and an eighth control valve 31 is connected between the second water collecting chamber 17 and the first water collecting chamber 12. Because the air pressure of the heat exchange air passage 5 is greater than the air pressure of the gas-water separation pipe 34 (the air pressure of the gas-water separation pipe 34 is close to vacuum), the water in the first water collecting chamber 12 enters the second water collecting chamber 17 under the action of the air pressure and then enters the spiral heat absorption pipe 8 and the reactor 1 under the action of the second driving pump 16, so that the water is recycled.

In this embodiment, the first and second

water collecting chambers

12 and 17 are provided with a first liquid level switch 35 and a second liquid level switch 36, respectively, and the first and second liquid level switches 35 and 36 control the opening and closing of the eighth and

fourth control valves

31 and 28 according to the liquid level heights, respectively, to control the water storage and discharge of the first and second

water collecting chambers

12 and 17.

When the fuel cell works, the eighth control valve 31 is opened at fixed periods, preferably, each period is 1 to 60 seconds, the evacuation duration in the period is 0.5 to 3 seconds, the tail gas exhausted from the cathode evacuation port of the fuel cell is used for separating air and water through the gas-water separator 15, and the separated water is stored in the second water collecting chamber 17 after being condensed.

In this embodiment, a fifth control valve 18 is arranged between the heat exchange air channel 5 and the air exhaust port 3, the fifth control valve 18 is provided with a first valve inlet, a first valve outlet and a second valve outlet, the first valve inlet is communicated with the air exhaust port 3, the first valve outlet is communicated with the heat exchange air channel 5, and the second valve outlet is communicated with the inlet end of the gas-water separator 15. The fifth control valve 18 is used for controlling the output of hydrogen, and the hydrogen can be stored in the gas buffer chamber 6 after being cooled by the heat exchange gas channel 5 and then enters the anode inlet of the fuel cell through the sixth control valve 29, so that the input of the hydrogen is realized. The hydrogen can also be separated by the gas-water separator 15 to obtain high-temperature hydrogen, and the high-temperature hydrogen is pumped into the anode inlet of the fuel cell by the first driving pump 14 to realize the input of the hydrogen.

In the present embodiment, the fuel cell is connected with an electricity storage device, the electricity storage device includes a storage battery 19, and an anode-cathode exchanging circuit 20 is provided between the storage battery 19 and the fuel cell. The storage battery 19 is a low-temperature battery which is a nickel-metal hydride battery or a lithium battery with good low-temperature charge and discharge characteristics and has good charge and discharge capacity at the temperature of minus 30 ℃ to minus 40 ℃; the charging circuit between the low-temperature battery and the fuel battery is additionally provided with a positive and negative electrode exchange circuit 20, the positive and negative electrode exchange circuit 20 is provided with an electromagnetic switch, and the positive and negative electrode exchange between the low-temperature battery and the fuel battery is realized through the electromagnetic switch. When the positive and negative poles of the storage battery 19 are respectively connected with the cathode and the anode of the fuel battery through the positive and negative pole exchange circuit 20, the storage battery 19 can be charged when the fuel battery works; when the positive and negative poles of the battery 19 are connected to the positive and negative poles of the fuel cell through the positive and negative pole exchanging circuit 20, the battery 19 can apply reverse direct current to both ends of the fuel cell. Wherein, the inner and outer walls of the water storage tank 7, the outer wall of the pipeline and the like are coated with heat insulation coatings to make heat preservation measures.

The fuel cell has the function of a cold start auxiliary mode, when the fuel cell is in cold start, the anode and the cathode of the storage battery 19 are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell, namely reverse direct current is loaded at the two ends of the fuel cell, the temperature rise of a fuel cell stack is accelerated, and the operating temperature of the fuel cell which can be normally started is quickly reached, so that the fuel cell is successfully started. Wherein the current density of the reverse direct current loaded at the two ends of the fuel cell does not exceed the rated current density of the fuel cell.

When the fuel cell is stopped, the cathode of the fuel cell needs to be purged to discharge the residual water in the fuel cell stack, so as to ensure the success of cold start of the fuel cell. The cathode inlet of the fuel cell is communicated with the first driving pump 14 through the second control valve 26 and the third control valve 27, the gas-water separation pipe 34 separates tail gas discharged from the cathode exhaust, and the first driving pump 14 inputs the separated gas into the cathode inlet of the fuel cell again for circular purging. The tail gas exhausted by the cathode evacuation port is used for multiple times of circulating purging, so that residual water in the fuel cell stack can be exhausted, the damage of the stack caused by icing due to residual water in the stack under the low-temperature condition after the stack is stopped is avoided, and the cold start of the fuel cell is facilitated; meanwhile, oxygen in the air and the anode residual hydrogen gradually react in the process of multiple times of circulating purging, so that the corrosion caused by high open-circuit voltage due to oxygen enrichment of the fuel cell is avoided.

In the present embodiment, the system further comprises a control unit 21, a first pressure sensor 22, a second pressure sensor 23 and a liquid level meter 24, wherein the control unit 21 is respectively connected with the first pressure sensor 22, the second pressure sensor 23 and the liquid level meter 24, the first pressure sensor 22 and the second pressure sensor 23 are respectively used for detecting the internal pressures of the reactor 1 and the gas buffer chamber 6, and the liquid level meter 24 is used for detecting the liquid level of the water storage tank 7. The control unit 21 is connected to a Battery Management System (BMS) of the fuel cell, acquires fuel cell operation data (output power, cell voltage, pressure, temperature, etc.) in real time, and controls the opening and closing degree of the sixth control valve 29 according to the output power of the fuel cell, thereby controlling the amount of hydrogen received by the fuel cell per unit time. The ninth control valve 32 is connected between the water inlet 2 of the reactor 1 and the second driving pump 16, the opening degree of the ninth control valve 32 is dynamically adjusted according to the air pressure of the gas buffer chamber 6 detected by the second pressure sensor 23, so that water can be supplied to the inside of the reactor 1 in time, and the hydrogen supply stability of the fuel cell is ensured. The first control valve 25, the second control valve 26, the third control valve 27, the fourth control valve 28, the sixth control valve 29, the seventh control valve 30, the eighth control valve 31 and the ninth control valve 32 are all electromagnetic valves, the control unit 21 is respectively electrically connected with the first control valve 25, the second control valve 26, the third control valve 27, the fourth control valve 28, the sixth control valve 29, the seventh control valve 30, the eighth control valve 31 and the ninth control valve 32, the control unit 21 is one or combination of a single chip microcomputer, a DSP or a PLC, the structure and the control mode are the prior art, and detailed description is omitted.

The control unit 21 is connected with the BMS output end of the fuel cell, the BMS input end of the fuel cell is connected with a temperature sensor arranged in the fuel cell stack, and the fuel cell BMS collects the temperature of the stack measured by the temperature sensor and transmits the temperature to the control unit 21. When the temperature in the electric pile is lower than a specific temperature when the fuel cell is started, the cold start auxiliary mode of the fuel cell is automatically started to heat the electric pile. When the temperature in the electric pile reaches the operating temperature at which the fuel cell can be normally started, the anode and cathode exchange circuit 20 is controlled to enable the anode and cathode of the low-temperature cell to be respectively connected with the cathode and the anode of the fuel cell, meanwhile, the fifth control valve 18 controls the first valve inlet to be communicated with the first valve outlet to enable the air outlet 3 to form a passage with the heat exchange air flue 5, the self-circulation hydrogen generation system is switched to a normal working mode to supply cooled hydrogen for the fuel cell, and the fuel cell enters a normal operating state to be successfully started. The heat generated by the hydrogen-oxygen reaction continues to heat the stack under operating conditions until optimum performance is achieved.

The embodiment also provides a working method of the self-circulation hydrogen generation system, which comprises the following steps:

emptying the water storage tank 7, the reactor 1 and the heat exchange air flue 5, and adding water into the water storage tank 7; the reactor 1 is internally pre-provided with a pre-treated aluminum raw material containing aluminum and a catalyst for reaction, a water storage tank 7 is pre-added with water, a water adding port 13 at the top of the water storage tank 7 is opened to add reaction water into the water storage tank 7, a filter screen is arranged at the water adding port 13, and the water adding port 13 is closed after being filled with water. When the first driving pump 14 is started during water adding, the third control valve 27 is opened to connect the inlet end of the third control valve 27 with the evacuation port, then the air in the water pipeline, the reactor 1, the gas buffer chamber 6 and the heat exchange air channel 5 is discharged, after 20S of evacuation, the first driving pump 14 is closed and the third control valve 27 is closed, and the evacuation process is finished.

Detecting whether the temperature of a fuel cell stack is lower than a normal working temperature, if so, assisting the fuel cell to start and supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell in a low-temperature mode; if not, starting in a normal mode and supplying hydrogen for the fuel cell;

the normal mode starting and supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell includes:

conveying water in a water storage tank 7 to a reactor 1 to react with an aluminum raw material to generate high-temperature high-humidity hydrogen, conveying the high-temperature high-humidity hydrogen to a heat exchange air passage 5 through an exhaust port 3 to be cooled and dehumidified to obtain low-temperature dry hydrogen, storing the low-temperature dry hydrogen in a gas buffer chamber 6, and conveying the low-temperature dry hydrogen in the gas buffer chamber 6 to a fuel cell to start the fuel cell; the water generated by the fuel cell is conveyed to the second water collecting chamber 27 after the action of the gas-water separator 15, and the water in the second water collecting chamber 17 enters the reactor 1 to participate in hydrogen production reaction after being circulated by the second driving pump 16;

the low temperature mode assisting the fuel cell in starting and supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell includes:

conveying water in the water storage tank 7 into the reactor 1 to react with the aluminum raw material to generate high-temperature high-humidity hydrogen, opening the fifth control valve 18 to enable the first valve inlet to be communicated with the second valve outlet, and conveying the high-temperature high-humidity hydrogen to the gas-water separator 15 through the exhaust port 3; the high-temperature high-humidity hydrogen exchanges heat with cold air in a cooling air passage 33 in a gas-water separation pipe 34, hot hydrogen output by a gas-water separator 15 is input from an anode inlet of the fuel cell under the suction of a first driving pump 14, hot air output by the cooling air passage 33 is input from a cathode inlet of the fuel cell, the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell are heated simultaneously, and the temperature of a galvanic pile of the fuel cell is increased; the storage battery 19 loads reverse direct current on two ends of the fuel cell through the positive and negative electrode exchange circuit 20, the current density of the reverse direct current is smaller than the rated current density of the fuel cell, hydrogen and air react to release heat, the temperature of a galvanic pile of the fuel cell is rapidly raised, and the fuel cell can be started when the operating temperature of the normal start of the fuel cell is reached; water generated by the fuel cell is conveyed to the second water collecting chamber 17 under the action of the gas-water separator 15, and the water in the second water collecting chamber 17 enters the reactor 1 to participate in hydrogen production reaction after being circulated by the second driving pump 16.

The utility model discloses utilize the high temperature hydrogen that hydrogen manufacturing reaction produced to admit air (air) for the fuel cell negative pole and heat, the air after hot hydrogen and the heating is to fuel cell positive pole and negative pole concurrent heating, improves the inside temperature of fuel cell fast, and to the reverse direct current of fuel cell's both ends loading simultaneously, the cold start-up process of fuel cell has effectively solved the difficult problem that can't start under the fuel cell low temperature environment with higher speed.

The utility model provides a portable self-loopa hydrogen generating system, hydrogen are generated by reactor 1, and the product water that generates after fuel cell electricity generation can participate in the hydrogen manufacturing reaction again after the circulation is retrieved to reduce the raw materials water demand of hydrogen manufacturing technique, reduced self-loopa hydrogen generating system's volume and weight, very big improvement self-loopa hydrogen generating system's portability and practicality.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned alternative embodiments, and various other products can be obtained by anyone under the teaching of the present invention. The above detailed description should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined in the following claims, and which can be used to interpret the claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a portable hydrogen plant, includes reactor (1), and reactor (1) is equipped with water inlet (2) and gas vent (3), its characterized in that still includes heat transfer air flue (5), the one end of heat transfer air flue (5) with gas vent (3) intercommunication, the other end of heat transfer air flue (5) are connected with gaseous buffer memory room (6), and heat transfer air flue (5) set heat exchange tube (4), the output water of heat exchange tube (4) is used for carrying to water inlet (2) and provides the reaction water for reactor (1).

2. The portable hydrogen production device according to claim 1, further comprising a water storage tank (7), wherein the heat exchange air passage (5) is arranged in the water storage tank (7), the heat exchange tube (4) is arranged in the heat exchange air passage (5), an output port of the heat exchange tube (4) is communicated with the water storage tank (7), and the water storage tank (7) is communicated with the water inlet (2) of the reactor (1).

3. The portable hydrogen production plant according to claim 2, characterized in that the reactor (1) is provided with a spiral heat absorption pipe (8), the spiral heat absorption pipe (8) is provided with a water outlet (9) and a water inlet (10), the water outlet (9) is communicated with the input port of the heat exchange pipe (4), and the water inlet (10) is communicated with the water storage tank (7).

4. The portable hydrogen production device according to claim 3, wherein a waterproof and breathable membrane (11) is arranged between the heat exchange air passage (5) and the gas buffer chamber (6), and the heat exchange air passage (5) is connected with a first water collecting chamber (12); the heat exchange air flue (5) is S-shaped, and the heat exchange tube (4) is a spiral tube.

5. A portable self-circulating hydrogen generation system comprising the hydrogen plant of claim 3, further comprising a hydrogen combustion device in communication with the gas buffer chamber (6) and generating water for delivery to the reactor (1) or to a water storage tank (7).

6. The portable self-circulation hydrogen generation system according to claim 5, wherein the hydrogen combustion device comprises a fuel cell, the fuel cell is provided with a shutdown purging device, the shutdown purging device comprises a first driving pump (14) and a gas-water separator (15), the inlet end of the gas-water separator (15) is communicated with the cathode evacuation port of the fuel cell, the inlet end of the first driving pump (14) is respectively communicated with the gas outlet end of the gas-water separator (15), the gas buffer chamber (6) and the exhaust port (3) of the reactor (1), and the outlet end of the first driving pump (14) is respectively communicated with the anode inlet and the cathode inlet of the fuel cell.

7. The portable self-circulation hydrogen generation system according to claim 6, wherein the gas-water separator (15) comprises a housing, a gas-water separation pipe (34) is arranged in the housing, the inlet of the gas-water separation pipe (34) is communicated with the inlet end of the gas-water separator (15), the gas outlet of the gas-water separation pipe (34) is communicated with the gas outlet end of the gas-water separator (15), and the liquid outlet of the gas-water separation pipe (34) is connected with the second water collection chamber (17); and a cooling air passage (33) is arranged between the shell and the gas-water separation pipe (34), one end of the cooling air passage (33) is communicated with the outside air, and the other end of the cooling air passage is communicated with a cathode inlet of the fuel cell.

8. The portable self-circulation hydrogen generation system according to claim 7, wherein a second driving pump (16) is connected between the spiral heat absorbing pipe (8) and the water storage tank (7), the second driving pump (16) is provided with a first driving pump inlet, a second driving pump inlet, a first driving pump outlet and a second driving pump outlet, the first driving pump inlet is communicated with the water storage tank (7), the second driving pump inlet is communicated with the second water collecting chamber (17), and the first driving pump outlet and the second driving pump outlet are respectively communicated with the water inlet (10) of the spiral heat absorbing pipe (8) and the water inlet (2) of the reactor (1); a waterproof and breathable film (11) is arranged between the heat exchange air passage (5) and the gas buffer chamber (6), and the heat exchange air passage (5) is connected with a first water collecting chamber (12); the cooling air passage (33) is S-shaped, the gas-water separation pipe (34) is a spiral pipe, and the second water collecting chamber (17) is communicated with the first water collecting chamber (12).

9. The portable self-circulation hydrogen generation system according to claim 8, wherein a fifth control valve (18) is provided between the heat exchange air passage (5) and the exhaust port (3), the fifth control valve (18) is provided with a first valve inlet, a first valve outlet, a second valve outlet and a third valve outlet, the first valve inlet is communicated with the exhaust port (3), the first valve outlet is communicated with the heat exchange air passage (5), the second valve outlet is communicated with an inlet end of a gas-water separator (15) and an anode inlet of a fuel cell, and the third valve outlet is communicated with an inlet end of the first drive pump (14).

10. The portable self-circulating hydrogen generation system according to claim 9, wherein an electricity storage device is connected to the fuel cell, the electricity storage device comprises a storage battery (19), and a positive and negative electrode adjustment circuit (20) is provided between the storage battery (19) and the fuel cell.