CN212908986U - Short-circuit protection circuit and motor controller - Google Patents
Short-circuit protection circuit and motor controller Download PDFInfo
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- CN212908986U CN212908986U CN202021474159.4U CN202021474159U CN212908986U CN 212908986 U CN212908986 U CN 212908986U CN 202021474159 U CN202021474159 U CN 202021474159U CN 212908986 U CN212908986 U CN 212908986U
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Abstract
The application discloses short-circuit protection circuit and motor controller. The short-circuit protection circuit comprises a short-circuit detection module, a soft turn-off circuit switching module and a driving current amplification module; the input end of the short-circuit detection module is connected with the first pole of the IGBT, the output end of the short-circuit detection module is connected with the overcurrent detection end of the driving module, and the short-circuit detection module is used for detecting the first pole current of the IGBT; the soft turn-off circuit switching module comprises a first switching tube, a first resistor is connected between the first end and the second end of the first switching tube in parallel, the first end of the first switching tube is connected with the output end of the driving module, and the second end of the first switching tube is connected with the input end of the driving current amplification module; the control end of the first switching tube is connected with the over-current detection end through a switching circuit; the soft turn-off circuit switching module is used for switching the turn-off circuit of the IGBT through the first switching tube according to a detection signal of the overcurrent detection end; the output end of the driving current amplification module is connected with the grid of the IGBT.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the utility model provides a relate to power technical field, especially relate to a short-circuit protection circuit and machine controller.
Background
The motor controller usually uses a two-level three-phase inverter topology, and relates to switching control of 3 bridge arms and 6 IGBTs, and the condition of straight-through short circuit of an upper bridge and a lower bridge can occur in a life cycle. Limited by the short-circuit time allowed by the IGBT (generally, the short-circuit time is allowed to be 10us, and the IGBT may be damaged beyond this time), when the short-circuit condition occurs, the short-circuit condition must be detected and the short-circuit path is cut off in an extremely short time, and the short-circuit current can reach 10 times of the nominal current of the IGBT, if the turn-off is directly performed with the turn-off loop in normal operation, the IGBT overvoltage failure can be directly caused by an excessively high current change rate.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An embodiment of the utility model provides a short-circuit protection circuit and machine controller to protect the IGBT device.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a short-circuit protection circuit, which is applied to an IGBT driving circuit, the IGBT driving circuit includes an IGBT and a driving module, the short-circuit protection circuit includes: the device comprises a short circuit detection module, a soft turn-off circuit switching module and a driving current amplification module;
the input end of the short-circuit detection module is connected with the first pole of the IGBT, the output end of the short-circuit detection module is connected with the overcurrent detection end of the driving module, and the short-circuit detection module is used for detecting the current of the first pole of the IGBT;
the soft turn-off loop switching module comprises a first switching tube, a first resistor is connected between a first end and a second end of the first switching tube in parallel, the first end of the first switching tube is connected with the output end of the driving module, and the second end of the first switching tube is connected with the input end of the driving current amplification module; the control end of the first switching tube is connected with the overcurrent detection end of the driving module through a switching circuit; the soft turn-off circuit switching module is used for switching the turn-off circuit of the IGBT through the first switch tube according to a detection signal of an overcurrent detection end of the driving module;
the output end of the driving current amplification module is connected with the grid electrode of the IGBT, and the driving current amplification module is used for amplifying the output signal of the driving module and then driving the grid electrode of the IGBT.
Optionally, the switching circuit includes a second switching tube, a voltage regulation module, and a third switching tube;
the control end of the second switching tube is connected with the overcurrent detection end of the driving module, the first end of the second switching tube is connected with the control end of the voltage regulation module, and the second end of the second switching tube is grounded;
the input end of the voltage regulating module is connected with a first set voltage, and the output end of the voltage regulating module is connected with the control end of the third switching tube;
the control end of the third switching tube is also connected with the first end of a second resistor, and the second end of the second resistor is connected with the first set voltage; the first end of the third switch tube is connected with the first set voltage, and the second end of the third switch tube is connected with the control end of the first switch tube.
Optionally, the voltage regulation module includes a first triode, a base of the first triode is connected to a first end of a third resistor, and a second end of the third resistor is used as a control end of the voltage regulation module; an emitter of the first triode is used as an input end of the voltage regulating module; and the collector of the first triode is respectively connected with the first end of a fourth resistor and the first end of a fifth resistor, the second end of the fourth resistor is grounded, and the second end of the fifth resistor is used as the output end of the voltage regulating module.
Optionally, the switch circuit further includes a voltage divider, an input end of the voltage divider is connected to the overcurrent detection end of the driving module, and an output end of the voltage divider is connected to the control end of the second switch tube.
Optionally, the voltage dividing circuit includes an eighth resistor and a ninth resistor, and a first end of the eighth resistor and a first end of the ninth resistor are respectively used as an input end and an output end of the voltage dividing circuit; and the second end of the eighth resistor is connected with the first end of the ninth resistor, and the second end of the ninth resistor is grounded.
Optionally, the switch circuit further includes a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, and a first capacitor;
the first end of the sixth resistor is connected with the first end of the third switching tube, and the second end of the sixth resistor is connected with the control end of the first switching tube;
the first end of the seventh resistor is connected with the first end of the first switching tube, and the second end of the seventh resistor is connected with the second end of the sixth resistor;
the first capacitor is connected in parallel to two ends of the sixth resistor.
Optionally, the second switch tube is a P-type MOS tube.
Optionally, the short circuit detection module includes a first diode, a second diode, and a tenth resistor that are arranged in series;
a first end of the tenth resistor is connected with an overcurrent detection end of the driving module, a second end of the tenth resistor is connected with an anode of the first diode, a cathode of the first diode is connected with an anode of the second diode, and a cathode of the second diode is connected with a first pole of the IGBT;
the short circuit detection module further comprises a second capacitor, a first end of the second capacitor is connected with a first end of the tenth resistor, and a second end of the second capacitor is grounded.
Optionally, the driving current amplifying module includes a second triode and a third triode;
a base electrode of the second triode is connected with a base electrode of the third triode and then connected with a first end of an eleventh resistor, and a second end of the eleventh resistor is used as an input end of the driving current amplification module;
the collector of the second triode is connected with the first set voltage, and the collector of the third triode is connected with the second set voltage;
an emitter of the second triode is connected with a first end of a twelfth resistor, an emitter of the third triode is connected with a first end of a thirteenth resistor, a second end of the twelfth resistor is connected with a second end of the thirteenth resistor, and a connecting end of the second end of the twelfth resistor and a second end of the thirteenth resistor is used as an output end of the driving current amplification module;
the second triode is an NPN triode, and the third triode is a PNP triode.
In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a motor controller, including inverter circuit, inverter circuit includes a plurality of IGBT drive circuits, every the IGBT drive circuits all include the short-circuit protection circuit according to any embodiment of the present invention.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a short-circuit protection circuit detects IGBT's first pole current through setting up short circuit detection module to confirm whether the IGBT short circuit. When the short circuit detection module detects that the IGBT is short-circuited, the soft turn-off circuit switching module controls the first switching tube to be switched off, so that the first resistor is connected to the turn-off circuit, the turn-off circuit of the IGBT is switched, and the decoupling of the turn-off circuit during the normal driving of the short circuit turn-off circuit is realized. Under this operating mode, because the turn-off circuit has been switched in to first resistance, thereby increased the resistance in turn-off circuit, the turn-off speed to the IGBT has been reduced, realize the soft shutoff to the IGBT, avoid appearing too high current rate of change, thereby avoid the IGBT to appear the excessive pressure inefficacy, the problem that can't compatible more types of IGBT because dedicated driver chip's integrated parameter is unadjustable among the prior art leads to the IGBT to can't realize soft shutoff has been solved, short circuit turn-off parameter can be adjusted according to the type and the parameter of IGBT simultaneously, make control system's short circuit protection design no longer be subject to the restriction of driver module IC internal parameter, driver module's application scope has been widened.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a short-circuit protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another short-circuit protection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another short-circuit protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another short-circuit protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another short-circuit protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a motor controller according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
Fig. 1 is the embodiment of the utility model provides a pair of short-circuit protection circuit's structural schematic, this short-circuit protection circuit can be applied to machine controller's drive circuit, machine controller's drive circuit is two-level three-phase topology structure usually, including three bridge arm, every bridge arm all includes each IGBT from top to bottom, switches through the switch that controls 6 IGBTs, realizes switching on the corresponding looks return circuit of motor, controls the motor. The embodiment of the utility model provides a short-circuit protection circuit is connected with each IGBT for when IGBT transships or short circuit overflows, protect the IGBT. Referring to fig. 1, the short-circuit protection circuit includes: the short circuit detection module 10, the soft turn-off circuit switching module 20 and the driving current amplification module 30;
one end of the short-circuit detection module 10 is connected with the first pole of the IGBT, the other end of the short-circuit detection module 10 is connected with the overcurrent detection end of the drive module IC, and the short-circuit detection module 10 is used for detecting the first pole current of the IGBT;
the soft turn-off circuit switching module 20 includes a first switch tube Q1, a first resistor R1 is connected in parallel between a first end and a second end of the first switch tube Q1, the first end of the first switch tube Q1 is connected to the output end of the driving module IC, and the second end of the first switch tube Q1 is connected to the input end of the driving current amplifying module 30; the control end of the first switching tube Q1 is connected with the overcurrent detection end of the drive module IC through the switching circuit 21; the soft turn-off circuit switching module 20 is configured to switch a turn-off circuit of the IGBT through the first switching tube Q1 according to a detection signal of an overcurrent detection end of the driving module IC;
the output end of the driving current amplification module 30 is connected to the gate of the IGBT, and the driving current amplification module 30 is configured to amplify the output signal of the soft turn-off circuit switching module 20 and then drive the gate of the IGBT.
In particular, high-voltage short circuits on the drive side in motor controllers typically occur on the motor side, and these short-circuit phenomena are ultimately reflected in the sharp rise of the drain current of the IGBT inside the motor controller. Therefore, the first pole of the IGBT in this embodiment is exemplified by the drain of the IGBT, that is, the present embodiment will explain the operation principle of the short-circuit protection circuit by taking the detection of the drain current of the IGBT as an example.
The short circuit detection module 10 can control the on-off state of itself according to the current change of the drain of the IGBT. Specifically, in this embodiment, the short-circuit detection module 10 is connected between the drain of the IGBT and the IGBT driving module IC, and when the IGBT normally operates, the short-circuit detection module 10 detects that the drain current of the IGBT is at a normal value, and at this time, the short-circuit detection module 10 controls itself to be in a conducting state. When short circuit occurs, the drain current of the IGBT rises sharply, and the rise of the drain current causes the voltage Vds between the drain and the source of the IGBT to rise, at this time, the short circuit detection module 10 controls itself to be in an open circuit state, that is, an open circuit is formed between the overcurrent detection end of the drive module IC and the drain of the IGBT, and the voltage rises under the action of an internal pull-up voltage at the overcurrent detection end of the drive module IC, so that the switching circuit 21 in the soft off-loop switching module 20 is controlled to operate, and the soft off-loop switching module 20 is controlled to act correspondingly.
The soft turn-off loop switching module 20 is used for switching the turn-off loop of the IGBT under the action of the switching circuit 21. The specific operation principle of the soft shutdown loop switching module 20 is further described below.
When the IGBT normally operates and the input terminal of the driving module IC is at a high level, the output terminal of the driving module IC outputs a high level, which is close to the first setting voltage Vcc2, i.e., the secondary positive supply voltage of the driving module IC, at this time, the switching circuit 21 controls the first switching tube Q1 to be in a disconnected state, the first resistor R1 is bypassed by the body diode of the first switching tube Q1, and the resistance of the shutdown loop is reduced, thereby implementing fast turn-on of the IGBT through the driving current amplification module 30.
When the IGBT normally operates and the input terminal of the driving module IC is at a low level, the output terminal of the driving module IC outputs a low level, which is close to the second setting voltage, that is, the secondary negative supply voltage of the driving module IC, at this time, the switching circuit 21 controls the first switching tube Q1 to be in a conducting state, and the first resistor R1 is bypassed by the first switching tube Q1, because the resistance of the turn-off circuit is small, the IGBT can be quickly turned off by the driving current amplification module 30.
As can be seen from the above, when the IGBT is in the normal operating state, the switch circuit 21 does not operate, so the soft turn-off circuit switching module 20 does not change the turn-off or turn-on circuit of the IGBT, and thus the IGBT can be quickly turned off according to the normal turn-off circuit or quickly turned on according to the normal turn-on circuit.
When the IGBT is short-circuited, at this time, the short-circuit detection module 10 is in an open circuit state, which is equivalent to that the overcurrent detection end of the drive module IC loses the pull-down resistor, so that the overcurrent detection end starts to raise the output voltage under the action of the internal pull-up voltage, when the voltage of the overcurrent detection end is raised to the threshold voltage of the switching circuit 21, the switching circuit 21 outputs a low level, the first switching tube Q1 is controlled to be in an off state, the first resistor R1 is connected in series to the off circuit at this time, the resistance of the off circuit is increased by the first resistor R1, so that the off speed of the IGBT is reduced, and an excessively high current change rate is avoided, thereby avoiding overvoltage failure of the IGBT, and realizing an effect of soft turn-off the IGBT. Therefore, the turn-off speed of the IGBT can be adjusted by adjusting the resistance of the first resistor R1, and because the first resistor R1 is independent of the driver module IC, the resistance can be flexibly selected as required, the soft turn-off circuit switching module 20 provided by this embodiment can decouple the turn-off circuit and the soft turn-off circuit during normal driving, so that the operating parameters of the short-circuit protection circuit are no longer limited by the driver module IC, and therefore the IGBT can be used in cooperation with the driver module IC having different driving parameters. Meanwhile, the first resistor R1 can be flexibly selected according to the type of the IGBT, the gate pole parameter of the IGBT and the parasitic inductance of the main loop, so that the turn-off parameter of the IGBT can be adjusted, the IGBT can be matched with more driving modules IC of different types, and the applicability of the driving module IC is improved.
The driving current amplification module 30 is connected to the gate of the IGBT, and is configured to amplify the output signal of the soft turn-off circuit switching module 20 and apply the amplified output signal to the gate of the IGBT, so as to apply a corresponding driving signal to the deletion of the IGBT to control the on/off of the IGBT.
In one embodiment, the driving module IC is a dedicated driving chip, at this time, the over-current detection terminal of the driving module IC is a desat pin of the driving chip, and the first set voltage Vcc2 is a secondary positive power supply voltage of the driving chip. In addition, the driving chip also outputs a negative power supply voltage, which is the second setting voltage in this embodiment.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a short-circuit protection circuit detects IGBT's first pole current through setting up short circuit detection module to confirm whether the IGBT short circuit. When the short circuit detection module detects that the IGBT is short-circuited, the soft turn-off circuit switching module controls the first switching tube to be switched off, so that the first resistor is connected to the turn-off circuit, the switching of the IGBT turn-off circuit is completed, and the decoupling of the short circuit turn-off circuit and the turn-off circuit during normal driving is realized. Under this operating mode, because the turn-off circuit has been switched in to first resistance, thereby increased the resistance in turn-off circuit, the turn-off speed to the IGBT has been reduced, realize the soft shutoff to the IGBT, avoid appearing too high current rate of change, thereby avoid the IGBT to appear the excessive pressure inefficacy, the problem that can't compatible more types of IGBT because dedicated driver chip's integrated parameter is not adjustable among the prior art leads to the IGBT to can't realize soft shutoff has been solved, short circuit turn-off parameter can be adjusted according to the type and the parameter of IGBT simultaneously, make control system's short circuit protection design no longer be subject to the restriction of driver module IC internal parameter, driver module IC's application scope has been widened.
Optionally, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another short-circuit protection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention. On the basis of the above embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the switching circuit 21 includes the second switching tube Q2, the voltage regulating module 211, and the third switching tube Q3;
the control end of the second switching tube Q2 is connected with the overcurrent detection end of the driving module IC, the first end of the second switching tube Q2 is connected with the control end of the voltage regulating module 211, and the second end of the second switching tube Q2 is grounded;
the input end of the voltage regulation module 211 is connected to the first set voltage Vcc2, and the output end of the voltage regulation module 211 is connected to the control end of the third switching tube Q3;
the control end of the third switching tube Q3 is further connected to the first end of the second resistor R2, and the second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the first setting voltage Vcc 2; a first terminal of the third switch Q3 is connected to the first set voltage Vcc2, and a second terminal of the third switch Q3 is connected to the control terminal of the first switch Q1.
Specifically, the control end of the second switching tube Q2 is connected to the overcurrent detection end of the driving module IC, when the IGBT is shorted, the output voltage of the overcurrent detection end is raised under the action of the internal pull-up voltage, when the voltage of the overcurrent detection end is raised to the threshold voltage of the second switching tube Q2, the second switching tube Q2 is turned on, and at this time, the voltage adjustment module 211 outputs a high level, so as to control the voltage of the control end of the third switching tube Q3 to be consistent with the source voltage, and thus the third switching tube Q3 is turned off, so as to control the first switching tube Q1 to be turned off, and at this time, the first resistor R1 is connected in series to the turn-off circuit, and the switching of the turn-off circuit of the.
When the IGBT normally works, the output voltage of the over-current detection end of the driving module IC is pulled down to the ground by the IGBT through the short-circuit detection module 10, the output voltage of the over-current detection terminal of the driving module IC cannot reach the threshold voltage of the second switching tube Q2, and thus the second switching tube Q2 is turned off, accordingly, the voltage regulating module 211 outputs a low level, so that a certain voltage difference is maintained between the control terminal voltage and the source voltage of the third switching tube Q3, and at this time, the third switching tube Q3 is turned on, further, a certain driving voltage is applied to the control terminal of the first switch Q1, and the voltage of the source of the first switch Q1 (i.e. the voltage of the output terminal of the driving module IC) is combined to control the on-off state of the first switch Q1, in this case, as analyzed above, the first resistor R1 is bypassed, and the driving current amplification module 30 amplifies the output current of the driving module IC and then drives the IGBT to perform a quick response of turning on or off.
In an embodiment, the first switching transistor Q1, the second switching transistor Q2, and the third switching transistor Q3 are MOS transistors, wherein the first switching transistor Q1 and the second switching transistor Q2 are N-type MOS transistors, and the third switching transistor Q3 is a P-type MOS transistor.
Optionally, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another short-circuit protection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention. On the basis of the above embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the voltage regulation module 211 includes a first transistor T1, a base of the first transistor T1 is connected to a first end of a third resistor R3, and a second end of the third resistor R3 serves as a control end of the voltage regulation module 211; an emitter of the first transistor T1 is used as an input terminal of the voltage regulation module 211; the first transistor T1 is respectively connected to the first end of the fourth resistor R4 and the first end of the fifth resistor R5, the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is grounded, and the second end of the fifth resistor R5 is used as the output end of the voltage regulating module 211.
Specifically, when the first switch Q1 is turned on, the base of the first transistor T1 is powered, so that the first transistor T1 starts to operate, because the first set voltage Vcc2 is limited by the first transistor T1 via the fifth resistor R5 and then is loaded to the control end of the third switch Q3, and the control end of the third switch Q3 is also connected to the first set voltage Vcc2 via the second resistor R2, so that by adjusting the resistances of the fifth resistor R5 and the second resistor R2, there is no on-state voltage difference between the gate and the source of the third switch Q3, so that the third switch Q3 is controlled to be turned off, and at this time, there is no driving voltage at the control end of the first switch Q1, so that the first switch Q1 is turned off, and the first resistor R1 is connected in series in the turn-off circuit.
In one embodiment, the third switch Q3 is a P-type MOS transistor, and when the gate voltage of the P-type MOS transistor is lower than the source voltage, the on condition of the P-type MOS transistor is satisfied. Based on this, in the present embodiment, by adjusting the resistances of the fifth resistor R5 and the second resistor R2, when the first transistor T1 is turned on, the voltage applied to the control terminal of the third switching tube Q3 is the same as the voltage applied to the source of the third switching tube Q3, so as to control the third switching tube Q3 to be turned off. When the first transistor T1 is turned off, the first set voltage Vcc2 is divided by the fifth resistor R5 and the fourth resistor R4, so that the voltage applied to the gate of the third transistor Q3 is lower than the voltage applied to the source of the third transistor Q3, and the third transistor Q3 is turned on.
Optionally, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another short-circuit protection circuit provided in the embodiment of the present invention. On the basis of the above embodiment, referring to fig. 4, the switch circuit 21 further includes a voltage divider circuit 212, an input terminal of the voltage divider circuit 212 is connected to the overcurrent detection terminal of the driving module IC, and an output terminal of the voltage divider circuit 212 is connected to the control terminal of the second switch tube Q2.
Specifically, the voltage dividing circuit 212 is configured to divide the voltage signal at the overcurrent detection end of the driving module IC and load the divided voltage signal to the control end of the second switch tube Q2, so that when the divided voltage signal output by the voltage dividing circuit 212 reaches the turn-on threshold voltage of the second switch tube Q2, the second switch tube Q2 is turned on.
In a specific embodiment, the voltage divider circuit 212 is a resistor network voltage divider circuit, and specifically, the voltage divider circuit 212 includes an eighth resistor R8 and a ninth resistor R9, where a first end of the eighth resistor R8 and a first end of the ninth resistor R9 are respectively used as an input end and an output end of the voltage divider circuit 212; the second end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the first end of the ninth resistor R9, and the second end of the ninth resistor R9 is grounded. When the divided voltage value of the ninth resistor R9 reaches the turn-on threshold voltage of the second switch Q2, the second switch Q2 is turned on.
Optionally, on the basis of the foregoing embodiment, with continued reference to fig. 4, the switch circuit 21 further includes a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, and a first capacitor C1;
a first end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to a first end of the third switching tube Q3, and a second end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to a control end of the first switching tube Q1;
a first end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to a first end of the first switch Q1, and a second end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to a second end of the sixth resistor R6;
the first capacitor C1 is connected in parallel across the sixth resistor R6.
Specifically, when the third switching tube Q3 is turned on, the first setting voltage Vcc2 is limited by the third switching tube Q3 via the sixth resistor R6 and then applied to the control terminal of the first switching tube Q1, as the driving voltage of the control terminal of the first switching tube Q1. The sixth resistor R6 is specifically used to charge the gate capacitor during the turn-on of the first switch Q1. The first capacitor C1 connected in parallel to the sixth resistor R6 can increase the charging speed of the first switch Q1.
When the first switch tube Q1 is turned off, the gate capacitor of the first switch tube Q1 discharges through the seventh resistor R7, ensuring stable operation of the first switch tube Q1.
Optionally, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another short-circuit protection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention. On the basis of the above embodiment, referring to fig. 5, the short detection module 10 includes a first diode D1, a second diode D2, and a tenth resistor R10 arranged in series;
a first end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the overcurrent detection end of the driving module IC, a second end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the anode of the first diode D1, the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the anode of the second diode D2, and the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the first pole of the IGBT;
the short detection module 10 further includes a second capacitor C2, a first terminal of the second capacitor C2 is connected to a first terminal of the tenth resistor R10, and a second terminal of the second capacitor C2 is grounded.
Specifically, when the IGBT normally operates, the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are forward-turned on, the output voltage of the overcurrent detection terminal of the driving module IC is grounded through the IGBT via the tenth resistor R10, the first diode D1, and the second diode D2, and the voltage of the overcurrent detection terminal is pulled low.
When the IGBT is short-circuited, the cell drain voltage of the IGBT increases sharply, and at this time, the gate voltage of the IGBT increases, so that the cathode voltages of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are higher than the anode voltage, so that the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are turned off, and the voltage of the overcurrent detection end of the driving module IC is raised, so that the output voltage of the overcurrent detection end charges the first capacitor C1, and when the voltage of the first capacitor C1 increases to a certain value, the voltage division signal output by the second voltage division circuit reaches the threshold voltage of the second switch tube Q2, so that the second switch tube Q2 is controlled to be turned on, and the soft off circuit switching module 20 starts to function to control the turn-on of the first switch tube Q1.
It can be seen that whether the IGBT is short-circuited can be detected by the short-circuit detection module 10, and when the IGBT short-circuit is detected, the soft turn-off circuit switching module 20 is controlled to start working by feeding back an output signal to the overcurrent detection end of the driving module IC.
Optionally, with continued reference to fig. 5, on the basis of the foregoing embodiment, the driving current amplifying module 30 includes a second transistor T2 and a third transistor T3;
the base electrode of the second triode T2 is connected with the base electrode of the third triode T3 and then connected with the first end of the eleventh resistor, and the second end of the eleventh resistor R11 is used as the input end of the driving current amplification module 30;
the collector of the second triode T2 is connected with a first set voltage Vcc2, and the collector of the third triode T3 is connected with a second set voltage Vee 2;
an emitter of the second triode T2 is connected to a first end of the twelfth resistor R12, an emitter of the third triode T3 is connected to a first end of the thirteenth resistor R13, a second end of the twelfth resistor R12 is connected to a second end of the thirteenth resistor R13, and a connection end of a second end of the twelfth resistor R12 and a second end of the thirteenth resistor R13 serves as an output end of the driving current amplification module;
the second transistor T2 is an NPN transistor, and the third transistor T3 is a PNP transistor.
Specifically, the driving current amplifying module 30 is a push-pull circuit composed of two triodes with the same parameters, so as to amplify an output signal at the output end of the driving module IC and drive the gate of the IGBT.
When the voltage of the eleventh resistor R11 is at a low level, the second transistor T2 is turned off, the third transistor T3 is turned on, and at this time, the current signal at the output terminal of the driving module IC is amplified by the third transistor T3 to drive the IGBT, so as to control the IGBT to be turned on or off.
When the voltage of the eleventh resistor R11 is at a high level, the second transistor T2 is turned on, and the third transistor T3 is turned off, at this time, the driving current amplifying module 30 amplifies the output current of the driving module IC through the second transistor T2 and drives the IGBT, so as to control the IGBT to be turned on or off.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a still provide a motor controller, fig. 6 does the utility model provides a motor controller's schematic structure diagram includes inverter circuit 110 at motor controller 100, and inverter circuit 110 includes a plurality of IGBT drive circuit 120, and every IGBT drive circuit 120 all includes the utility model discloses the short-circuit protection circuit that any embodiment provided, therefore the embodiment of the utility model provides a possess above-mentioned arbitrary embodiment beneficial effect.
It should be noted that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles applied. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail with reference to the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A short-circuit protection circuit is applied to an IGBT drive circuit, the IGBT drive circuit comprises an IGBT and a drive module, and the short-circuit protection circuit is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a short circuit detection module, a soft turn-off circuit switching module and a driving current amplification module;
the input end of the short-circuit detection module is connected with the first pole of the IGBT, the output end of the short-circuit detection module is connected with the overcurrent detection end of the driving module, and the short-circuit detection module is used for detecting the current of the first pole of the IGBT;
the soft turn-off loop switching module comprises a first switching tube, a first resistor is connected between a first end and a second end of the first switching tube in parallel, the first end of the first switching tube is connected with the output end of the driving module, and the second end of the first switching tube is connected with the input end of the driving current amplification module; the control end of the first switching tube is connected with the overcurrent detection end of the driving module through a switching circuit; the soft turn-off circuit switching module is used for switching the turn-off circuit of the IGBT through the first switch tube according to a detection signal of an overcurrent detection end of the driving module;
the output end of the driving current amplification module is connected with the grid electrode of the IGBT, and the driving current amplification module is used for amplifying the output signal of the driving module and then driving the grid electrode of the IGBT.
2. The short-circuit protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the switching circuit comprises a second switching tube, a voltage regulation module and a third switching tube;
the control end of the second switching tube is connected with the overcurrent detection end of the driving module, the first end of the second switching tube is connected with the control end of the voltage regulation module, and the second end of the second switching tube is grounded;
the input end of the voltage regulating module is connected with a first set voltage, and the output end of the voltage regulating module is connected with the control end of the third switching tube;
the control end of the third switching tube is also connected with the first end of a second resistor, and the second end of the second resistor is connected with the first set voltage; the first end of the third switch tube is connected with the first set voltage, and the second end of the third switch tube is connected with the control end of the first switch tube.
3. The short-circuit protection circuit of claim 2,
the voltage regulation module comprises a first triode, the base electrode of the first triode is connected with the first end of a third resistor, and the second end of the third resistor is used as the control end of the voltage regulation module; an emitter of the first triode is used as an input end of the voltage regulating module; and the collector of the first triode is respectively connected with the first end of a fourth resistor and the first end of a fifth resistor, the second end of the fourth resistor is grounded, and the second end of the fifth resistor is used as the output end of the voltage regulating module.
4. The short-circuit protection circuit of claim 2, wherein the switching circuit further comprises a voltage divider, an input terminal of the voltage divider is connected to the over-current detection terminal of the driving module, and an output terminal of the voltage divider is connected to the control terminal of the second switching tube.
5. The short-circuit protection circuit of claim 4,
the voltage division circuit comprises an eighth resistor and a ninth resistor, and a first end of the eighth resistor and a first end of the ninth resistor are respectively used as an input end and an output end of the voltage division circuit; and the second end of the eighth resistor is connected with the first end of the ninth resistor, and the second end of the ninth resistor is grounded.
6. The short-circuit protection circuit of claim 2, wherein the switching circuit further comprises a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, and a first capacitor;
the first end of the sixth resistor is connected with the first end of the third switching tube, and the second end of the sixth resistor is connected with the control end of the first switching tube;
the first end of the seventh resistor is connected with the first end of the first switching tube, and the second end of the seventh resistor is connected with the second end of the sixth resistor;
the first capacitor is connected in parallel to two ends of the sixth resistor.
7. The short-circuit protection circuit of claim 2, wherein the second switching transistor is a P-type MOS transistor.
8. The short-circuit protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the short-circuit detection module comprises a first diode, a second diode, and a tenth resistor arranged in series;
a first end of the tenth resistor is connected with an overcurrent detection end of the driving module, a second end of the tenth resistor is connected with an anode of the first diode, a cathode of the first diode is connected with an anode of the second diode, and a cathode of the second diode is connected with a first pole of the IGBT;
the short circuit detection module further comprises a second capacitor, a first end of the second capacitor is connected with a first end of the tenth resistor, and a second end of the second capacitor is grounded.
9. The short-circuit protection circuit of claim 2, wherein the driving current amplification module comprises a second transistor and a third transistor;
a base electrode of the second triode is connected with a base electrode of the third triode and then connected with a first end of an eleventh resistor, and a second end of the eleventh resistor is used as an input end of the driving current amplification module;
the collector of the second triode is connected with the first set voltage, and the collector of the third triode is connected with the second set voltage;
an emitter of the second triode is connected with a first end of a twelfth resistor, an emitter of the third triode is connected with a first end of a thirteenth resistor, a second end of the twelfth resistor is connected with a second end of the thirteenth resistor, and a connecting end of the second end of the twelfth resistor and a second end of the thirteenth resistor is used as an output end of the driving current amplification module;
the second triode is an NPN triode, and the third triode is a PNP triode.
10. A motor controller comprising an inverter circuit comprising a plurality of IGBT driver circuits, each of the IGBT driver circuits comprising the short-circuit protection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021474159.4U CN212908986U (en) | 2020-07-23 | 2020-07-23 | Short-circuit protection circuit and motor controller |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021474159.4U CN212908986U (en) | 2020-07-23 | 2020-07-23 | Short-circuit protection circuit and motor controller |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN212908986U true CN212908986U (en) | 2021-04-06 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202021474159.4U Active CN212908986U (en) | 2020-07-23 | 2020-07-23 | Short-circuit protection circuit and motor controller |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN212908986U (en) |
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