CN212898516U - Cavity assembled tunnel invert - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a cavity assembly type tunnel inverted arch, which relates to the field of tunnel construction and comprises a plurality of rows of precast blocks which are sequentially arranged along the extending direction of a tunnel, each row of precast blocks comprises a first precast block, a second precast block and a third precast block which are sequentially assembled, the geometric center of each precast block is provided with a cavity which is communicated along the extending direction of the tunnel, the upper part of the cavity is arched, the cavities corresponding to each row of precast blocks along the extending direction of the tunnel are sequentially communicated, wherein, the cavity corresponding to the second precast block is used for accommodating personnel to pass through, a channel structure which can be used for personnel to escape is arranged in the prefabricated inverted arch structure through the prefabricated assembly structure, after the inverted arch structure is continuously arranged, a rescue channel which is communicated with a construction point through a safety area outside the tunnel during tunnel construction is formed, the traditional construction method for arranging a trestle cast-in-place inverted arch is replaced, the construction efficiency is improved, the safety in the tunnel construction process is guaranteed.

Description

Cavity assembled tunnel invert

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a tunnel construction field, in particular to cavity assembled tunnel invert.

Background

The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.

With the development of urbanization, the construction mode change is mainly related to the construction aspect of traffic infrastructure, and the assembly type building advocated vigorously has the advantages of saving energy resources, reducing construction pollution, improving labor production efficiency, ensuring quality safety and the like, and is widely used in the fields of building construction, bridges, tunnels and the like.

The inventor finds that the traditional construction of the tunnel inverted arch at present comprises the processes of inverted arch excavation, substrate cleaning, reinforcing steel bar binding, template installation, concrete pouring and maintenance and the like, and the defects of multiple construction procedures, great influence caused by climatic conditions, high cost of artificial machinery, difficulty in guaranteeing the construction quality and the like exist, so that the defects of tunnel bottom deformation, slurry pumping, primary support cracking and the like easily occur in the later-stage operation of the tunnel, and the engineering adaptability of the tunnel inverted arch is weaker than that of an assembled prefabricated inverted arch. Secondly, during tunnel excavation and primary support construction, accidents such as cave entrance collapse, vault collapse and tunnel face collapse are often accompanied under unfavorable geological conditions, and constructors are trapped in the tunnel; after an accident occurs, the traditional escape mode is to adopt an ultrahigh molecular escape pipeline and a steel escape pipeline which are preset in advance, the placement positions of the pipelines are only limited to the upper space of an inverted arch, but when the traditional rescue channel is blocked, the consequences of slow rescue speed, increased casualties, serious engineering damage and the like can be caused, and the requirement of quick rescue can not be met; thirdly, facilities such as traffic monitoring, operation ventilation, illumination and the like in the current operation period are complex to lay, and laying elements need to be additionally configured.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The disclosed aim is to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provide a cavity assembly type tunnel inverted arch, wherein a channel structure for people to escape is arranged in the prefabricated inverted arch structure through a prefabricated assembly structure, and after the inverted arch structure is continuously arranged, a rescue channel communicated to a construction point is formed in a tunnel outer safety region during tunnel construction; meanwhile, after the tunnel is built, the cavity can be used for laying traffic monitoring, ventilation, illumination and other line facilities, and the construction arrangement in the tunnel clearance is optimized.

In order to realize the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted:

the utility model provides a cavity assembled tunnel invert, includes the prefabricated section that the tunnel extending direction was arranged in proper order along the multirow, and every row of prefabricated section is including the first prefabricated section, second prefabricated section and the third prefabricated section of assembling in proper order, and the geometric centre of single prefabricated section puts and all is equipped with the cavity that link up along the tunnel extending direction, and the upper portion of cavity is the arch, and the cavity that every row of prefabricated section along the tunnel extending direction corresponds feeds through in proper order, and wherein the cavity that the second prefabricated section corresponds is used for holding personnel current.

Furthermore, the bottom surface of each row of precast blocks forms an arc-shaped surface adaptive to the inverted arch cushion layer, and the first precast blocks and the second precast blocks have the same structure and are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the second precast blocks.

Furthermore, the lowest point of the arc-shaped surface is positioned on the bottom surface of the second precast block, and the sectional area of the cavity corresponding to the second precast block is larger than the sectional areas of the cavities corresponding to the first precast block and the third precast block.

Furthermore, the cavities are distributed along the centers of the corresponding precast blocks, and the bottoms of the cavities are planes.

Furthermore, a groove is arranged on one side end face of the precast blocks in the same row, the groove is located at the joint of the adjacent precast blocks and the joint of the precast blocks and the inverted arch cushion layer, and a connecting piece is matched with the groove.

Furthermore, bolt grooves are formed in the top surfaces of the prefabricated blocks, and adjacent prefabricated blocks are connected through the bolt grooves and the connecting pieces in a matched mode;

and joints are reserved at the positions, corresponding to the tunnel secondary linings, of the top surfaces of the precast blocks and used for butting the secondary linings.

Furthermore, all be equipped with the gutter in first prefabricated section and the third prefabricated section, the gutter is through horizontal drainage blind pipe intercommunication tunnel vertical drainage blind pipe, and the slope of gutter is unanimous with the whole slope of tunnel.

Furthermore, a groove is formed in the precast block, the outline of the groove is consistent with that of the precast block, and a waterproof rubber strip is matched in the groove.

Furthermore, the back of prefabricated section pastes the liner for realize that the hoop is waterproof, and the terminal surface of second prefabricated section pastes the rubber slab, is used for realizing vertical waterproof.

Furthermore, hoisting holes are reserved on the top surfaces of the precast blocks.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages and positive effects that:

(1) the inverted arch is prefabricated and assembled, components are manufactured in a prefabricated field, the quality strength is reliable, the traditional cast-in-place mode of arranging a trestle on the inverted arch is replaced, the cost of manual machinery in the traditional inverted arch construction is reduced, and the overall construction progress of the tunnel is accelerated;

(2) the assembled inverted arch channel structure adopts a channel structure with flat bottom and arched top, the arched top structure can ensure that the whole structure is well stressed, materials are saved, the assembled inverted arch channel structure can also be used as a rescue channel during construction, the arched top structure can ensure that the channel has better supporting strength, good protection capability for internally passing personnel is ensured when a tunnel dangerous situation occurs, the flat bottom of the tunnel can improve the passing speed of rescue personnel and instruments, and the assembled inverted arch channel structure has positive significance in accelerating the rescue speed, reducing casualties and reducing engineering loss;

(3) the assembled inverted arch adopts a bolt connection mode, so that the longitudinal and transverse connection of the prefabricated blocks can be enhanced in a short time, the concept of early looping of the tunnel is realized, and the tunnel structure and construction safety are ensured;

(4) through the drainage side ditch reserved in the first precast block and the third precast block and the pre-buried transverse drainage pipe in advance, the drainage pipes of the tunnel are communicated, so that the 'prevention, blockage, interception and drainage combination' of the tunnel is effectively realized, and the 'comprehensive treatment' water prevention and drainage principle is realized according to local conditions.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure and are not to limit the disclosure.

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an inverted arch and a tunnel front in embodiments 1 and 2 of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a completed inverted arch construction in one section in embodiments 1 and 2 of the present disclosure;

fig. 3 is a schematic end-face structure diagram of a precast block in embodiments 1 and 2 of the present disclosure;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a connection structure of adjacent prefabricated sections in embodiments 1 and 2 of the present disclosure;

fig. 5 is a schematic top view of a connection structure of adjacent prefabricated sections in embodiments 1 and 2 of the present disclosure;

fig. 6 is a schematic top view of a groove with a reserved arc surface in an inverted arch cushion layer according to embodiments 1 and 2 of the present disclosure;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a junction between an inverted arch and a tunnel secondary lining in embodiments 1 and 2 of the present disclosure.

In the figure, 1, primary support, 2, secondary lining, 3, a first precast block, 4, a second precast block, 5, a third precast block, 6, a leveling layer, 7, a waist iron, 8, an inverted arch cushion layer, 81, a longitudinal drainage blind pipe, 9, a tunnel ditch and a cable trough, 10, a water stopping groove, 11, a hoisting hole, 12, a transverse drainage blind pipe, 13, a longitudinal drainage side ditch, 14, a bolt through hole, 15, a steel bar joint, 111, a transverse groove, 112, an arc groove, 113 and a bolt groove.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and/or "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof;

for convenience of description, the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" in this disclosure, if any, merely indicate that the directions of movement are consistent with those of the figures themselves, and are not limiting in structure, but merely facilitate the description of the invention and simplify the description, rather than indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure.

As introduced in the background art, in the construction process of tunnel excavation and primary support in the prior art, risks such as tunnel face collapse and water burst are associated, and after a traditional rescue channel is blocked, consequences such as slow rescue speed, increased casualties, serious damage to engineering and the like can be caused; in order to solve the problems, the disclosure provides a cavity assembly type tunnel inverted arch and a construction method.

Example 1

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1 to 7, a cavity-mounted tunnel invert is proposed.

The assembled tunnel inverted arch mainly comprises inverted arch blocks which are sequentially arranged along the extending direction of the tunnel, wherein each inverted arch block is composed of a plurality of prefabricated blocks, so that a plurality of rows of prefabricated blocks which are sequentially arranged along the extending direction of the tunnel are formed;

the inverted arch adopts prefabricated assembly formula, and the component is at the preparation of prefabricated field, and quality intensity is reliable, has replaced traditional inverted arch to establish the cast-in-place mode of landing stage, has reduced the artifical mechanical cost in the construction of traditional inverted arch for the holistic construction progress of tunnel.

The inverted arch block comprises a first prefabricated block, a second prefabricated block and a third prefabricated block which are sequentially arranged along the transverse direction of the tunnel, and the first prefabricated block, the second prefabricated block and the third prefabricated block are spliced through a through seam, and the first prefabricated block and the third prefabricated block are identical in structural form;

the center of each inverted arch block is provided with a channel which is distributed along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, the channels are symmetrically distributed relative to the vertical symmetrical plane of the tunnel, the bottom of each channel is a plane, the top of each channel is an arch far away from the bottom, and the channels corresponding to all inverted arch blocks are sequentially communicated in a butt joint mode and used for accommodating personnel to pass through;

in the embodiment, the channel is arranged at the geometric center of the second precast block, and the combining center of the first precast block and the third precast block is provided with a cavity which penetrates through the tunnel longitudinally;

for the channel, the upper part of the channel is of an arch structure, the upper part of the cavity is of an arch structure, the positions of the second precast block corresponding to the two sides of the channel have enough structural thickness, and the positions of the first precast block and the third precast block corresponding to the two sides of the cavity also have enough structural thickness;

in this embodiment, the precast blocks are all concrete precast blocks, and the corresponding precast block structures on both sides of the channel and both sides of the cavity have sufficient concrete thickness.

The sectional area of the channel structure of the second precast block is larger than that of the cavity, so that people can pass through the channel structure, and the sequentially communicated channels can form a lifesaving channel for the survival of people and instruments;

the assembled inverted arch channel structure adopts a channel structure with a flat bottom and an arched top, the left side and the right side have enough concrete thickness, and the arched top structure can ensure that the whole structure is well stressed and saves materials;

the channels are symmetrically distributed relative to the vertical symmetrical plane of the tunnel, so that the tunnel can be arranged at the position with the largest vertical thickness of the second prefabricated block, and the thickness of concrete around the channels can be ensured to be the largest while enough large sections are obtained, so that the strength of the channels can be ensured to be optimal;

the tunnel can be used as a rescue channel during construction, the arched structure at the top can enable the channel to have better supporting strength, good protection capability for internal traffic personnel is guaranteed when a tunnel dangerous situation occurs, the bottom of the tunnel is smooth, the passing speed of rescue personnel and equipment can be improved, and the tunnel has positive significance in the aspects of accelerating rescue speed, reducing casualties and reducing engineering loss.

In addition, in order to be matched with the channel to serve as a rescue escape channel, the cross section of the rescue escape channel can at least accommodate an adult to pass through, when a dangerous case occurs, working personnel on the working face can reach a working pit reserved at the tunnel portal from the working face through the channel of the second precast block, the working pit is designed to be 2m wide, the length of the working pit is consistent with the span of the tunnel, a ladder stand is arranged on the left side in the pit, and a steel plate is laid on the pit for normal construction of the tunnel.

For the connection of the corresponding prefabricated blocks of the same inverted arch block, a groove is arranged on the end surface of one side of the inverted arch block, the groove is positioned at the joint part of the adjacent prefabricated blocks and the joint part of the prefabricated blocks and the inverted arch cushion layer, and the groove is matched with a connecting piece;

specifically, the same transverse grooves 111 and arc-surface grooves 112 which are only formed in the front surfaces of the precast blocks are reserved at the joint parts of the first precast block 3, the second precast block 4 and the third precast block 5 and the joint parts of the precast blocks and the inverted arch cushion layer 8 for placing the lumbar irons 7, and the lumbar irons 7 are cuboid solid iron blocks, so that the transverse relation among the precast blocks and the vertical relation between the precast blocks and the inverted arch cushion layer 8 can be enhanced, the inverted arch rigidity of the whole is increased, and the using amount of bolts is reduced;

the top surfaces of the prefabricated blocks are provided with bolt grooves, and the adjacent prefabricated blocks are connected through the bolt grooves and the connecting pieces in a matching mode; a joint is reserved at the position, corresponding to the tunnel secondary lining, of the top surface of the precast block and used for butting the secondary lining;

specifically, the top surfaces of the three prefabricated blocks are all provided with the same bolt grooves 113, and the front surface, the back surface and the end surfaces of the prefabricated blocks are all provided with bolt through holes 14;

in the embodiment, 6 bolt grooves 113 are reserved on the top surfaces of the first prefabricated block 3 and the third prefabricated block 5, wherein the number of the bolt grooves 113 responsible for transverse connection of the prefabricated blocks is 2, and the number of the bolt grooves 113 responsible for longitudinal connection of the prefabricated blocks is 4;

the top surface of second prefabricated section 4 is reserved has 6 bolt recess 113, and the bolt recess 113 of being responsible for prefabricated section transverse connection totally 4, and the bolt recess 113 of being responsible for the prefabricated section longitudinal tie totally 2, and all prefabricated sections all use elastic seal ring, gasket, nut and curved bolt to connect, and when assembling, will bend the bolt and wear to the opposite side by one side bolt recess 113, lay elastic seal ring, gasket and nut in proper order again, accomplish the fastening.

The bolt connection mode that assembled inverted arch adopted can strengthen the vertical and horizontal relation of prefabricated section in the short time, realizes the tunnel "early looping" theory, has guaranteed tunnel structure and construction safety.

For the drainage structure, drainage side ditches are arranged in the first precast block 3 and the third precast block 5 and are communicated with a tunnel pre-embedded longitudinal drainage blind pipe 81 through a transverse drainage blind pipe 12, and the gradient of the drainage side ditches is consistent with the gradient of the whole tunnel;

it should be noted that, in this embodiment, the longitudinal width of the precast block is considered to be 2m, and each 10m is an assembly cycle, wherein the first precast block 3 and the third precast block 5 of the fifth ring are embedded with the horizontal drainage blind pipes 12, and the horizontal drainage blind pipes 12 of all the inverted arch precast blocks of the tunnel are arranged according to this principle;

the horizontal drainage blind pipe 12 is sleeved and installed once in every five rings, and the horizontal drainage blind pipe 12 is connected with the tunnel longitudinal drainage blind pipe 81 through a tee joint;

of course, it can be understood that the assembly cycle can be adjusted according to actual construction requirements in different tunnels, for example, the longitudinal width of the precast blocks is set to be 2.5m, each 10m is an assembly cycle, and the transverse drainage blind pipes are embedded in the first precast block and the third precast block of the corresponding fourth ring.

And a longitudinally-through drainage side ditch 13 is reserved in each of the first precast block 3 and the third precast block 5, and the gradient of the drainage side ditch 13 is equal to the integral gradient of the tunnel for convenient drainage.

Through the drainage side ditch reserved in the first precast block and the third precast block and the pre-buried transverse drainage blind pipe in advance, the annular drainage blind pipe and the longitudinal drainage blind pipe of the tunnel are communicated, and the waterproof and drainage principle that the tunnel is 'prevented, blocked, cut and drained combined, comprehensively treated' according to local conditions is effectively realized.

Hoisting holes 11 are reserved on the top surfaces of the precast blocks, and hoisting operation of the precast blocks can be facilitated.

For the joint structure, 8 steel bar joints 15 are reserved at the combined positions of the first precast block 3, the third precast block 5 and the tunnel secondary lining 2, and in order to enhance the lining strength of the joint position, a proper amount of stirrups can be bound at the steel bar joints 15 during the actual construction of the secondary lining 2.

In addition, water stopping grooves 10 which are sleeved with ethylene propylene diene monomer water stopping rubber strips are reserved on the back surfaces of the first precast block 3, the second precast block 4 and the third precast block 5 and the left and right end surfaces of the second precast block 4, the contour of each groove is basically consistent with that of each precast block, circumferential waterproof cork liners are only adhered to the back surfaces of the precast blocks, and longitudinal waterproof butyronitrile cork rubber plates are only adhered to the left and right end surfaces of the second precast block 4;

the assembled inverted arch has the advantages that the waterproof performance of the tunnel inverted arch is enhanced by combining the ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber strips and the waterproof material of the annular longitudinal seams, and a third waterproof system except the waterproof plate and the inverted arch base cushion layer is constructed for the waterproof of the tunnel inverted arch.

Example 2

In another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1 to 7, a method for constructing an inverted arch of a cavity-mounted tunnel using the inverted arch of the cavity-mounted tunnel described in example 1 is provided.

The method comprises the following steps:

preprocessing an inverted arch block, preprocessing a tunnel, and arranging an inverted arch cushion layer;

hoisting each inverted arch block in sequence, and installing the inverted arch blocks in sequence along the longitudinal extension direction of the tunnel;

aligning channels in the inverted arch blocks, and sequentially connecting adjacent inverted arch blocks;

and (4) constructing a tunnel leveling layer on the top surface of the inverted arch block, and laying other accessory facilities.

Specifically, the construction process is described in detail with reference to the respective structures in embodiment 1:

pretreating a first prefabricated block, a second prefabricated block and a third prefabricated block on a construction site, wherein the first prefabricated block, the second prefabricated block and the third prefabricated block comprise sleeved and pasted ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber strips, pasted cork liners for circumferential waterproofing of the prefabricated blocks and butyronitrile cork rubber plates for longitudinal waterproofing of the prefabricated blocks;

the tunnel primary support 1 is constructed, the tunnel is completely waterproof by adopting a waterproof board, and a longitudinal drainage blind pipe 81 of an inverted arch cushion layer 8 is embedded along the longitudinal central line of the bottom of the tunnel;

three rows of arc-shaped grooves 112 are formed in the inverted arch cushion layer 8 of the whole road, one row of arc-shaped grooves 112 are formed every 2m, and the shape of the grooves is required to be matched with the shape of the reserved arc-shaped grooves on the precast block;

when the inverted arch cushion layer 8 is constructed, the arc surface is required to be smooth, after maintenance and the strength meeting the design requirement, the waist iron 7 is placed in the arc surface groove 112 of the inverted arch cushion layer 8 and is fixed by the anchoring agent;

hoisting a second precast block 4 for initial positioning, then hoisting a first precast block 3 and a third precast block 5 respectively, and fixing a waist rail 7 by using an anchoring agent;

firstly installing and fastening the precast block bolt, wherein the bolt installation principle follows the principle of 'longitudinal and horizontal firstly', and then placing the lumbar iron 7 in the transverse groove 111 of the joint surface of the precast block and fixing the lumbar iron by using an anchoring agent;

after all the installed precast block bolts are repeatedly tightened for multiple times, the bolt grooves 113 are filled and leveled with cement mortar;

and after the cement mortar in the bolt groove 113 reaches the strength required by the design, constructing an inverted arch leveling layer 6 of the tunnel, and constructing a tunnel ditch, a cable groove 9 and other accessory facilities on the leveling layer 6.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present disclosure by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a cavity assembled tunnel invert, its characterized in that includes the prefabricated section that the multirow arranged gradually along tunnel extending direction, every row of prefabricated section is including the first prefabricated section, second prefabricated section and the third prefabricated section of assembling in proper order, and the geometric centre of single prefabricated section puts and all is equipped with the cavity that link up along tunnel extending direction, and the upper portion of cavity is the arch, and the cavity that every row of prefabricated section along tunnel extending direction corresponds feeds through in proper order, and wherein the cavity that the second prefabricated section corresponds is used for holding personnel current.

2. The inverted arch of claim 1, wherein the bottom surface of each row of blocks forms an arc-shaped surface adapted to the cushion of the inverted arch, and the first and second blocks are identical in structure and symmetrically disposed on both sides of the second block.

3. The cavity-mounted tunnel invert of claim 2, wherein the lowest point of the arcuate surface is located on the bottom surface of the second block, and the second block has a larger cross-sectional area for the cavity than the first and third blocks.

4. The cavity-assembled tunnel invert of claim 3, wherein the cavities are distributed along the center of the corresponding precast block and the bottom of the cavity is planar.

5. The inverted arch of claim 1, wherein the precast blocks in the same row have grooves on one side end surface, the grooves are located at the joint of the adjacent precast blocks and the joint of the precast blocks and the inverted arch cushion, and the grooves are matched with the connecting pieces.

6. The cavity-assembled tunnel invert of claim 5, wherein the top surfaces of the precast blocks are provided with bolt grooves, and the adjacent precast blocks are connected by bolt groove-fit connectors;

and joints are reserved at the positions, corresponding to the tunnel secondary linings, of the top surfaces of the precast blocks and used for butting the secondary linings.

7. The cavity-assembled tunnel invert of claim 1, wherein each of the first precast block and the third precast block is provided with a drainage gutter which is communicated with a longitudinal drainage blind pipe of the tunnel through a transverse drainage blind pipe, and the gradient of the drainage gutter is consistent with the gradient of the whole tunnel.

8. The inverted arch of cavity-assembled tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the precast block is provided with a groove having a contour identical to that of the precast block, and a waterproof rubber strip is fitted in the groove.

9. The inverted arch of cavity-assembled tunnel of claim 8, wherein the back of the prefabricated section is attached with a gasket for circumferential waterproofing and the end face of the second prefabricated section is attached with a rubber plate for longitudinal waterproofing.

10. The cavity-assembled tunnel invert of claim 1, wherein the top surfaces of the precast blocks are reserved with hoisting holes.

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