CN212871726U - Device for measuring transverse swing amplitude of rotor - Google Patents
Device for measuring transverse swing amplitude of rotor Download PDFInfo
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- CN212871726U CN212871726U CN202021627213.4U CN202021627213U CN212871726U CN 212871726 U CN212871726 U CN 212871726U CN 202021627213 U CN202021627213 U CN 202021627213U CN 212871726 U CN212871726 U CN 212871726U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a measure device of rotor lateral swing range, output voltage VC, induction coil output voltage envelope, power supply communication interface, signal interface, power indicator and communication status indicator including rotator, eddy current vibration measurement sensor, up end, speed measuring coil, induction coil, the rotator is high-speed rotatory under strong magnetism, and its terminal surface has the protruding figure of positive hexagonal of a magnetic conduction, and in the face of the induction coil cutting magnetic line of force of its marginal upper end, six voltage waveforms of induction are then rotated a week to the induction voltage VC. rotator of output on induction coil. According to the device for measuring the transverse swing amplitude of the rotor, when the rotating body rotates, the induced voltage waveform is applied to indirectly measure the vibration, the vibration signal of the rotor is measured by using the speed measuring coil signal, the device belongs to an indirect measurement mode, the original design of a machine is not required to be changed, and the cost of the machine is not increased.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a magnetic bearing system technical field specifically is a measure device of rotor lateral oscillation range.
Background
The electric motor may have a stator and a rotor with permanent magnets, such as an Interior Permanent Magnet (IPM) motor or an IPM synchronous motor. According to some prior art, the rotor alignment scheme used by Interior Permanent Magnet (IPM) motors or IPM synchronous machines may be different than the rotor alignment scheme typically used with surface mounted permanent magnet motors because the magnetic torque and reluctance components in an IPM motor or machine are along different axes. According to other prior art techniques, calibration of the motor with back emf measurement methods typically requires an auxiliary motor to turn the shaft of the tested IPM motor or machine, which is impractical or infeasible for field calibration of the motor position of the vehicle during normal start-up and operation of the vehicle. Accordingly, there is a need for an improved method and system to calibrate or calibrate in situ the position offset of a motor.
The magnetic bearing system is a friction-free bearing system without lubrication, is suitable for certain rotating machinery with special requirements, and is increasingly widely applied at present. When the magnetic bearing system works, the rotor is kept in a suspension state under the action of electromagnetic force and is not in contact with the stator assembly. The magnetic bearing system itself is unstable, so that the electromagnetic force needs to be adjusted in real time according to the position of the rotor to ensure that the rotor is stably suspended at the working position. The adjustment of the electromagnetic force of the magnetic bearing system is achieved by adjusting the bearing current.
In conventional magnetic bearing control methods, the bearing electromagnetic force is typically adjusted only based on the position of the rotor and the speed at which the rotor position changes. When the rotor rotates at high speed, the rotor deviates from the working position under the action of unbalance force, and the control method only passively adjusts the rotor position at the moment and tries to restore the rotor axis to the set working position. The control strategy inevitably has delay, and because the rotor and the stator have a gap when the magnetic bearing system works, when the rotating speed of the rotor is higher, the rotor generates vibration with larger amplitude around the working position under the action of unbalanced force, and the vibration is the same as the rotating speed of the rotor, so the vibration is called as same-frequency vibration. In the application occasions with high requirements on the position of the rotor axis, such as a high-precision machine tool main shaft and the like, the vibration has very adverse effects, and therefore, a device for measuring the transverse swing amplitude of the rotor is provided.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a measure device of rotor lateral swinging range to solve the problem that proposes among the above-mentioned background art.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme: the utility model provides a measure device of rotor lateral swing range, includes rotator, eddy current vibration measurement sensor, up end, speed measuring coil, induction coil's output voltage VC, induction coil output voltage envelope, power communication interface, signal interface, power indicator and communication status indicator, the rotator is high-speed rotatory under strong magnetism, the rotator terminal surface has the protruding figure of positive hexagonal of a magnetic conduction, the rotator is in the face of the induction coil cutting magnetic line of force of its marginal upper end, and an induction voltage VC of output on induction coil, six voltage waveforms of rotator every round of then induction.
Preferably, when the rotating body rotates and vibrates, the six induced voltage waveforms are not consistent, the output voltage envelope of the induction coil on the output voltage VC of the induction coil is not, and the magnitude of the output voltage envelope of the induction coil corresponds to the rotating and vibrating of the rotating body.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that: according to the device for measuring the transverse swing amplitude of the rotor, when the rotating body rotates, the induced voltage waveform is applied to indirectly measure the vibration, the vibration signal of the rotor is measured by using the speed measuring coil signal, the device belongs to an indirect measurement mode, the original design of a machine is not required to be changed, and the cost of the machine is not increased;
the waveform indirect vibration measuring method has a lot of interference and large vibration measuring error, but the measuring instrument is relatively cheap, and only uses the output voltage of the induction coil of the measuring frequency originally installed in the rotating body to measure the vibration, besides, the waveform indirect vibration measuring method can also indirectly measure the phase and the deformation of the rotating body during high-speed rotation, and the revolution vibration offset parameter of the rotating body; the integration of these parameters gives an estimate of the vibrations when the rotor is rotating, which is beneficial for the process production of the rotor manufacturing plant.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a frequency vibration measurement structure of a rotating body according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the upper end face structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the induced voltage waveform of the present invention
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the frequency vibration measurement module according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the frequency vibration measurement module of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic side view of the frequency vibration measurement module of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the frequency vibration measurement module of the present invention.
In the figure: the method comprises the following steps of 1-a rotating body, 2-an eddy current vibration measuring sensor, 3-an upper end face, 4-a speed measuring coil, 5-an induction coil output voltage VC, 6-an induction coil output voltage envelope, 7-a power supply communication interface, 8-a signal interface, 9-a power supply indicator lamp and 10-a communication state indicator lamp.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-7, the present invention provides a technical solution: an apparatus for measuring the amplitude of lateral oscillation of a rotor, comprising the steps of:
the rotating body rotates at high speed under strong magnetism, the end face of the rotating body is provided with a magnetic conductive hexagonal protrusion pattern, the induction coil facing the upper end of the edge cuts magnetic lines, and the induction coil outputs an induction voltage VC. to induce six voltage waveforms every time the rotating body rotates for one circle;
the waveform is similar to sine, the coil cuts magnetic lines, and the induced voltage values generated by the coil are different due to different center distances between the corners and sides of the regular hexagonal protruding patterns and the induction coil;
the "vertex angle" is considered to be close to the center distance of the induction coil, and the value of the induction voltage when the induction coil is swept through the center point is higher than the peak value of the upper half part of the voltage waveform of the figure 3; the "side" is regarded as being far from the center of the induction coil, and the value of the induction voltage when the induction coil is swept through the center point is low.
When the rotator rotates stably without vibration, the six induced voltage waveforms are completely the same, namely, the six induced voltage waveforms have the same peak value and the same valley value; if the magnetic conductive regular hexagonal raised pattern has no processing error, the magnetic conductive regular hexagonal raised pattern is perfect, when the rotating body does not swing and rotates stably, the six voltage waveforms are completely the same, the envelope value of the voltage waveform VC is 0, the rotating vibration of the rotating body is zero at the moment, and the six induced voltage waveforms are called as standard induced voltage waveforms.
When the rotating body rotates and vibrates, the six induced voltage waveforms are inconsistent, the envelope value of the voltage waveform VC is not 0, the envelope value of the VC corresponds to the rotating vibration of the rotating body, namely the rotating vibration value of the rotating body is calculated by applying a rotor transverse swing amplitude detection algorithm when the rotating body rotates;
since the induced voltage is related to the rotating speed of the rotating body, the six waveforms should be compared at the same rotating speed of the rotating body, and the unit is rotation per second; at the moment, the rotating frequency of the rotating body is unchanged, and six induced voltage waveforms can be measured by noticing that the rotating body rotates for one circle; while the time for one revolution of the rotating body is very small, at 6r/s < rotational speed <1666.5 revolutions/sec, the time for one revolution of the rotating body ranges from: 0.6ms < T <167ms, the rotating body can rotate in an accelerating way or in a decelerating way during actual measurement, but the speed change in the time T of one rotation can be neglected to be 0.
The measuring method is characterized in that the vibration signal of the rotor is measured by using a speed measuring coil signal, which is used for indirectly measuring vibration by applying induced voltage waveform when the rotating body rotates, and belongs to an indirect measuring mode.
The waveform indirect vibration measuring method has a lot of interference and large vibration measuring error, but the measuring instrument is relatively cheap, and only uses the output voltage of the induction coil of the measuring frequency originally installed in the rotating body to measure the vibration, besides, the waveform indirect vibration measuring method can also indirectly measure the phase and the deformation of the rotating body during high-speed rotation, and the revolution vibration offset parameter of the rotating body; the integration of these parameters gives an estimate of the vibrations when the rotor is rotating, which is beneficial for the process production of the rotor manufacturing plant.
The application system of the method comprises the following steps:
the typical direct vibration measurement method is to punch holes on the side surface of the rotating body to install eddy current vibration measurement sensors on the side surface of the rotating body for direct vibration measurement on the basis of the measurement of the rotating speed (induced voltage waveform) of the rotating body. See figures 1 to 3.
The measuring method is direct, high in precision and suitable for being adopted in scientific research experiments. In practical application, however, the measuring instrument of the measuring method is expensive, so that the method is not suitable for mass purchase. In addition, in order to meet the requirements of production and application, in practical application, the direct vibration measurement by punching and installing an eddy current vibration measurement sensor on the side surface of the rotating body cannot be generally met.
Therefore, the improved method is to eliminate a vibration measuring sensor which is arranged on the side surface in a punching way, and only adopt the output voltage VC of the induction coil to measure the rotating speed of the rotating body and the vibration of the rotating body, and the method is called as an intelligent method for indirectly measuring the transverse swing (vibration) amplitude of the rotor when the rotating body rotates by utilizing the induced voltage waveform of the rotating body.
Basic principle
The principle of an intelligent indirect rotor transverse swing (vibration) amplitude method for measuring the rotation of the rotator by utilizing the waveform of the induced voltage of the rotator is as follows:
the rotator rotates at high speed under strong magnetism, the end surface of the rotator is provided with a magnetic conductive hexagonal protrusion pattern, the induction coil facing the upper end of the edge cuts magnetic lines, and the induction coil outputs an induction voltage VC., so that six voltage waveforms are induced when the rotator rotates once, as shown in figure 3.
In the figure, the waveform is similar to a sine, the coil cuts magnetic lines, and the induced voltage value generated by the coil is different due to the different center distances of the corners and the sides of the regular hexagonal protruding patterns relative to the induction coil. The induced voltage value when the vertex angle (vertex angle can be regarded as being close to the center distance of the induction coil) sweeps the center point of the induction coil is higher than the peak value of the upper half of the graph voltage waveform, and the induced voltage value when the edge (edge can be regarded as being far from the center distance of the induction coil) sweeps the center point of the induction coil is lower than the valley value of the lower half of the graph voltage waveform.
When the rotating body rotates smoothly without vibration, the six induced voltage waveforms are identical, namely, the six induced voltage waveforms have the same peak value and the same valley value. If the magnetic conductive regular hexagonal raised pattern has no processing error, the magnetic conductive regular hexagonal raised pattern is perfect, and when the rotating body rotates stably without swinging, the six voltage waveforms of the magnetic conductive regular hexagonal raised pattern are completely the same, and the envelope value of the voltage waveform VC is 0. At this time, the rotational vibration of the rotating body is zero. These six induced voltage waveforms are referred to as the standard induced voltage waveform.
When the rotating body rotates and vibrates, the six induced voltage waveforms are inconsistent, and the envelope value of the voltage waveform VC is not 0. The size of the envelope value of the VC corresponds to the rotating vibration of the rotator, namely, the rotating vibration value of the rotator can be calculated by applying a rotor transverse swing (vibration) amplitude detection algorithm when the rotator rotates.
Since the induced voltage is related to the rotating speed of the rotating body, the six waveforms should be compared at the same rotating speed (unit r/s, i.e. rpm) of the rotating body (the rotating frequency of the rotating body is not changed), and it is noted that the six induced voltage waveforms can be measured by only one rotation of the rotating body. And the time of one rotation of the rotating body is very small (when the rotating speed is 6r/s <1666.5 r/s, the time range of one rotation of the rotating body is 0.6ms < T <167ms), the rotating body can accelerate or decelerate in actual measurement, but the speed change in the time T of one rotation can be neglected to be 0.
According to the analysis principle, a simple conclusion can be drawn that when the angular edge of the regular hexagonal protrusion pattern sweeps the central point of the induction coil, if the distance is large (far), the induced voltage waveform is small, and if the distance is small (near), the induced voltage waveform is large. The envelope values of the induced voltage waveform VC already contain data relative to the change in the center-to-center distance of the induction coil. Since the center position of the induction coil is fixed after the rotating body is installed, the rotor amplitude measured with respect to the change in the center distance of the induction coil is the rotor amplitude value in the horizontal direction at the current rotating frequency of the rotating body.
The rotor vibration signal is measured by using the speed measuring coil signal, which is used for indirectly measuring vibration by applying induced voltage waveform when the rotating body rotates, and the rotor vibration signal belongs to an indirect measurement mode. The measuring method has the greatest advantages that any original design of the machine does not need to be changed, and any cost of the machine is not increased.
The waveform indirect vibration measuring method is a method of measuring vibration by using only the output voltage of an induction coil of a measuring frequency originally installed in a rotating body, and indirectly measuring parameters such as a phase (position of center of gravity shift), deformation (extension or contraction) of the rotating body at high speed rotation, revolution vibration shift of the rotating body, and the like. The integration of the parameters can give a comprehensive and proper evaluation to the vibration when the rotating body rotates, is beneficial to the process production of a rotating body manufacturing plant, and can reasonably evaluate the maintenance, the maintenance and the overhaul of the plant which applies the rotating body to produce products.
The rotary bodies used in the production plant applying the rotary bodies to work are as high as millions, so the method is of great significance, and the method has higher cost performance and is beneficial to large-scale popularization and application.
The electronic switching and amplification stages must be undistorted over the entire range of the induced voltage (hi-fi).
The AD sampler must be able to sample enough high precision data over the entire frequency range, a 16bit high speed high precision AD sampler with a sampling frequency >1MC is used.
Phase measurement (center of gravity shift position is slight)
Measuring deformation (elongation or contraction) of rotating body at high speed
Vibration measurement error analysis of the system:
in fact, except the vibration of the rotating body, the processing errors of the regular hexagonal protruding patterns and the roundness of the rotating body, the uniformity and the change of a magnetic field (such as the difference of a speed measuring coil, the machining error of a magnetic conduction ring, the difference of the installation position and the distance of the speed measuring coil, the change of the elongation of a rotor and the like), the measurement errors of a measurement system, the interference of external voltage (particularly low frequency), the distortion of amplified and shaped voltage waveform and a hardware measurement system, software processing, data algorithm and the like all influence the measurement errors.
Main hardware and index of measuring system
The difficulty of applying the waveform of the induced voltage to indirectly measure the vibration when the rotating body rotates is that the speed measuring coil generates the induced voltage by cutting magnetic lines, namely the applied induced voltage is basically in direct proportion to the rotating speed, the induced voltage is as low as several millivolts at a low-frequency end, and the induced voltage is as high as 6-8V at a high-frequency end. And the frequency ranges from 36Hz or less (6r/s 6-36 Hz) to 9999Hz (1666.5r/s 6-9999 Hz). In order to transmit the voltage waveform to the AD sampling window without distortion under the external voltage interference, no or less filters and capacitors are needed in all links of transmission and shaping.
Experimental data and curve analysis:
means of experiment
The data acquisition module is directly connected with the experimental rotor to measure the vibration signal of the experimental rotor.
An eddy current sensor is arranged on the same experimental rotor to directly measure the vibration signal of the rotor.
The experimental data measured by the two methods were compared.
The experiment is obtained by the three-party common experiment of Qinghua, Zhonghua (Tianjin) machinery limited company and Beijing Anterpas computer network technology limited company in engineering physical system rotator laboratory of Qinghua university.
And (4) conclusion:
three groups of the three experiments are performed, each group has two curves, and the curve goodness of fit is good.
Measurement module and system:
in order to transmit voltage waveform to AD sampling window without distortion under external voltage interference, a network distribution system is adopted, wherein measurement modules (one frame and one measurement module) close to a signal source and each measurement module are communicated with a host computer through a communication line.
In order to ensure the reliability of the module, the module adopts a double-MCU mode advancing design, and one MCU is mainly responsible for gating 20 channels and measuring functions such as frequency, voltage amplitude, power consumption and the like. And the other MCU is specially responsible for finishing CAN communication command response and self-detection functions. During the period that the MCU and the main components adopted by the module are in the military grade, other components adopt industrial grade devices. The PCB adopts a double-layer board design.
As shown in fig. 6, the frequency vibration measuring module has a dedicated interface (joint), and measures the rotation frequency, friction power consumption, and power per liter (hereinafter referred to as power consumption power) of the rotating body by applying an induced voltage waveform indirect vibration measuring method when the rotating body rotates, and at the same time, measures the amplitude of the transverse vibration of the rotor when the rotating body rotates.
The frequency vibration measuring module mainly comprises a shell (a shell) and a circuit board.
Module interface: as shown in fig. 6, the module is externally provided with 2 interfaces.
TABLE 1
The power communication interface function definition is as follows 2:
| stitch number | Function(s) | Remarks for note |
| 1 | CAN+ | |
| 2 | CAN- | |
| 3 | CAN bus shielding ground | |
| 4 | 24V- | |
| 5 | 24V+ | |
| 6 | Signal ground | Signal ground for connecting machine housing |
An indicator light: as shown in fig. 7, the module is provided with 2 indicator lights, table 3.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a measure device of rotor lateral swinging amplitude, includes rotator (1), eddy current vibration measurement sensor (2), up end (3), speed measuring coil (4), induction coil's output voltage VC (5), induction coil output voltage envelope (6), power supply communication interface (7), signal interface (8), power indicator (9) and communication status indicator (10), its characterized in that: the rotating body (1) rotates at a high speed under strong magnetism, the end face of the rotating body (1) is provided with a magnetic conductive regular hexagonal protruding pattern, the rotating body (1) cuts magnetic lines of force facing an induction coil at the upper end of the edge of the rotating body, an induction voltage VC is output on the induction coil, and six voltage waveforms are induced when the rotating body (1) rotates for one circle.
2. The apparatus for measuring the amplitude of rotor lateral oscillation of claim 1, wherein: when the rotating body (1) rotates and vibrates, the six induced voltage waveforms are inconsistent, the output voltage envelope (6) of the induction coil on the output voltage VC (5) of the induction coil is not 0, and the size of the output voltage envelope (6) of the induction coil corresponds to the rotating vibration of the rotating body (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021627213.4U CN212871726U (en) | 2020-08-07 | 2020-08-07 | Device for measuring transverse swing amplitude of rotor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021627213.4U CN212871726U (en) | 2020-08-07 | 2020-08-07 | Device for measuring transverse swing amplitude of rotor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN212871726U true CN212871726U (en) | 2021-04-02 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021627213.4U Active CN212871726U (en) | 2020-08-07 | 2020-08-07 | Device for measuring transverse swing amplitude of rotor |
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|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN212871726U (en) |
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- 2020-08-07 CN CN202021627213.4U patent/CN212871726U/en active Active
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Effective date of registration: 20220426 Address after: 708, floor 6, No. 13, nongzhanzhan South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100020 Patentee after: Beijing jinritiandi automation equipment Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100020 No. a5020, 5th floor, building 21, Wanhong West Street, xibajianfang, dongzhimenwai, Chaoyang District, Beijing Patentee before: BEIJING ANTE PAZ COMPUTER NETWORK TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |