CN212864823U

CN212864823U - Direct reduction shaft furnace

Info

Publication number: CN212864823U
Application number: CN202021628707.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张春雷
Original assignee: Tangshan Zhongke Qianhai Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Tangshan Zhongke Qianhai Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-07
Filing date: 2020-08-07
Publication date: 2021-04-02
Anticipated expiration: 2030-08-07

Abstract

The utility model discloses a direct reduction shaft furnace, which relates to the field of non-blast furnace smelting reduction shaft furnaces. A direct reduction shaft furnace comprising a reaction chamber and a combustion chamber; two side walls at the lower part of the reaction chamber are structures for reinforcing the furnace wall, and a combustion chamber is arranged above the structure for reinforcing the furnace wall; the bottom of the other two side surfaces of the reaction chamber is respectively provided with a discharge port, and the height of the upper edge of the discharge port is not higher than that of the upper edge of the reinforced furnace wall. The utility model discloses a discharge gate is in the both sides of shaft furnace, and the structure of discharge gate both sides promptly reacting chamber lower part both sides wall for consolidating the furnace wall, and the shaft furnace is directly built on the ground, has changed among the prior art mode that the shaft furnace used frame support, the bottom ejection of compact, has greatly reduced design, reconnaissance, construction work volume, material quantity, has reduced construction cost by a wide margin, has increased structural stability and fastness.

Description

Direct reduction shaft furnace

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a non-blast furnace smelting reduction shaft furnace field especially relates to a direct reduction shaft furnace.

Background

The current main processes of direct reduction include: a gas-based shaft furnace process, a coal-based rotary kiln process, a rotary hearth furnace process, a tunnel kiln process, a coal-based shaft furnace process and the like. The coal-based shaft furnace process is suitable for the current situation of taking coal as main energy in China and has the most development potential. However, the existing coal-based shaft furnace process has some defects, which are mainly reflected in that: (1) the whole furnace adopts a frame structure and a lower discharging mode, so that the construction investment is high; (2) the temperature distribution of the reduction chamber is uneven, so that the product quality is influenced; (3) and the heat of the hot flue gas is recovered by adopting a heat exchange mode, so that the heat exchange efficiency is low.

Patent publication No. CN201166513 "external heating type shaft furnace of coal-based direct reduced iron" discloses an external heating type shaft furnace of coal-based direct reduced iron, which adopts the technical scheme that a plurality of independent rectangular vertical reduction reaction chambers are arranged in a furnace body, two sides of each rectangular vertical reduction reaction chamber are respectively provided with a coal gas combustion chamber, the combustion chambers are provided with a plurality of layers of coal gas nozzles along the height direction, and hot flue gas recovers part of heat at the upper part of the furnace in a heat exchange mode. The shaft furnace has the following disadvantages: (1) the temperature near the burner is high, and the temperature far away from the burner is low, so that the temperature of furnace burden is uneven, the product quality is influenced, and the reduction effect is influenced; (2) the outer walls at two sides of the rectangular vertical reduction reaction chamber are not fixed by reinforcing ribs, and when furnace burden in the furnace is subjected to high-temperature reaction, the stress on the side walls is increased, so that the furnace walls are easily damaged; (3) and the heat of the hot flue gas is recovered by adopting a heat exchange mode, so that the heat exchange efficiency is low.

Patent publication No. CN204529897U external heating type coal-based shaft furnace for producing direct reduced iron describes that airflow channels and partition walls are arranged at two sides of a furnace charge reduction chamber, and the partition walls are integrally built by vertical walls and airflow channels. The air flow channel is a vertical channel in the middle of the furnace body. This patent suffers from the following disadvantages: (1) the structure is quite complex, the construction is difficult, the consumption of refractory materials is large, and the overall investment is high; (2) the temperature distribution of the gas supply channel is uneven, the product quality is influenced, and the reduction effect is influenced; (3) the heat exchange face wall has no effective reinforcement treatment, and when the furnace burden reacts at high temperature, the side wall is stressed greatly, and the heat exchange face wall is easy to damage.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a direct reduction shaft furnace has reduced construction cost, has increased structural stability and fastness.

In order to realize the technical purpose, the utility model adopts the following scheme: a direct reduction shaft furnace comprising a reaction chamber and a combustion chamber; two side walls at the lower part of the reaction chamber are structures for reinforcing the furnace wall, and a combustion chamber is arranged above the structure for reinforcing the furnace wall; the bottom of the other two side surfaces of the reaction chamber is respectively provided with a discharge port, and the height of the upper edge of the discharge port is not higher than that of the upper edge of the reinforced furnace wall.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that: the utility model discloses a discharge gate is in the both sides of shaft furnace, and the structure of discharge gate both sides promptly reacting chamber lower part both sides wall for consolidating the furnace wall, and the shaft furnace is directly built on the ground, has changed among the prior art the mode that the shaft furnace used frame support, the bottom ejection of compact, has reduced the shaft furnace height, has greatly reduced design, reconnaissance, building work load, material quantity, has reduced construction cost by a wide margin, has increased structural stability and fastness.

The utility model discloses an optimal scheme does:

the vertical part of the reinforced furnace wall is of an integral structure, and one end of the vertical part is embedded and fixed in the furnace bottom.

The outer side of the discharge port is provided with a furnace door for shielding the discharge port.

The outer side of the discharge port is provided with an air curtain device, and inert gas is introduced into the air curtain device.

The direct reduction shaft furnace also comprises a regenerative chamber communicated with the combustion chamber, and the regenerative chamber is arranged on the side of the combustion chamber.

A flame path group is arranged in the combustion chamber and comprises a singular flame path and an even flame path, and the flame path group is connected with the regenerative chamber through a connecting channel.

A waste heat utilization chamber is arranged above the combustion chamber, a cooling chamber is arranged between the combustion chamber and the reinforced furnace wall, and at least one heat exchange channel is respectively arranged in the waste heat utilization chamber and the cooling chamber along the length direction.

The bottom of the waste heat utilization chamber is connected with one end of the exchange channel, and the other end of the exchange channel is connected with the cooling chamber.

And heat conducting walls are respectively arranged between the reaction chamber and the combustion chamber, between the reaction chamber and the waste heat utilization chamber, and between the reaction chamber and the cooling chamber.

The cooling chamber is of an air cooling structure, an air inlet is formed in the bottom of the cooling chamber, and an air outlet is formed in the top of the waste heat utilization chamber.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a direct reduction shaft furnace body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view taken along line B-B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a side view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;

labeled as: 1-reaction chamber, 2-combustion chamber, 201-odd flame path, 202-even flame path, 203-flow channel, 3-furnace top, 4-reinforced furnace wall, 401-vertical part, 5-heat conducting wall, 6-furnace door, 7-air curtain device, 8-charging port, 9-discharging port, 10-furnace bottom, 11-regenerator, 12-connecting channel, 13-natural gas channel, 14-cooling chamber, 15-waste heat utilization chamber, 16-exchange channel, 17-air inlet, 18-air outlet.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments in order to fully understand the objects, features and functions of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a direct reduction shaft furnace, which comprises a reaction chamber 1 and a combustion chamber 2. The two sides of the reaction chamber 1 are sequentially provided with a furnace top 3, a combustion chamber 2 and a reinforced furnace wall 4 from top to bottom, and a heat conducting wall 5 is arranged between the combustion chamber 2 and the reaction chamber 1; the bottom of the other two side furnace walls of the reaction chamber 1 is respectively provided with a discharge port 9. The outer sides of the two discharge ports 9 are respectively provided with a furnace door 6 for shielding the discharge ports, or the discharge port 9 at one end is provided with the furnace door 6, and the discharge port 9 at the other end is hermetically communicated with a charging bucket or other material conveying equipment. The upper edge of the discharge port 9 is not higher than the upper edge of the reinforced furnace wall 4, and the bottom edge of the discharge port 9 is attached to the bottom 10 of the reaction chamber. The upper end of the reaction chamber 1 is provided with a charging hole 8. The width of each reaction chamber 1 is usually 0.3 to 0.7 m, preferably 0.4 to 0.5 m. The vertical part 401 of the reinforced furnace wall is of an integral structure and is formed by a furnace brick, one end of the vertical part 401 is embedded and fixed in the furnace bottom 10, and the horizontal part of the reinforced furnace wall 4 is formed by one or more furnace bricks.

Referring to fig. 2, an air curtain device 7 is installed on the upper edge of the furnace door 6, and inert gas is filled in the air curtain device 7 to ensure that the furnace charge in the reaction chamber 1 is not oxidized by air when the furnace door 6 is opened.

Referring to fig. 3, the shaft furnace is further provided with a regenerator 11, the regenerator 11 being located laterally to the combustion chamber 2. The regenerative chamber 11 is connected with the combustion chamber 2 through a connecting channel 12, and the connecting channel 12 is formed by building refractory bricks. At least one group of flame path groups are arranged in the combustion chamber 2, each flame path group comprises a singular flame path 201 and an even flame path 202, a channel partition wall is arranged between the singular flame path 201 and the even flame path 202, and a flow channel 203 for communicating the singular flame path 201 and the even flame path 202 is arranged on the channel partition wall. One regenerator 11 in the middle of the furnace body is respectively connected with the odd flame path 201 of one combustion chamber 2 and the even flame path 202 of the other combustion chamber 2, and the outermost regenerators 11 at the two ends of the furnace body are respectively connected with the odd flame path 201 or the even flame path 202 of one combustion chamber 2. Wherein the number of the connecting channels 12 is the same as the sum of the single and double flame paths in the combustion chamber 2. The combustion chamber 2 is also provided with a natural gas pipeline 13, and natural gas is used when the gas quantity is insufficient.

When the combustion chamber 2 is heated by adopting a heat accumulating type combustion technology, the heat accumulating chamber 11 preheats air and coal gas, the connecting channel is divided into an air connecting channel and a coal gas connecting channel, a single flame path 201 or an even number flame path 202 in the combustion chamber 2 is respectively communicated with the air connecting channel and the coal gas connecting channel simultaneously, and when the single flame path 201 is ascending air current, the even number flame path 202 is descending air current; conversely, when the odd flame path 201 is down-flowing, the even flame path 202 is up-flowing. The regenerators 11 are operated alternately to supply and recover the flue gases, and the combustion process is repeated until the heating process is completed. The regenerator 11 is used for supplying gas and recovering flue gas, so that hot gas in the combustion chamber 2 flows, the temperature of the reaction chamber 1 is stable, and furnace burden is heated uniformly.

Preferably, a waste heat utilization chamber 15 and a cooling chamber 14 are further arranged above and below the combustion chamber 2, the waste heat utilization chamber 15 is connected with one end of the exchange channel 16, and the other end of the exchange channel 16 is connected with the cooling chamber 14. The bottom furnace wall of the waste heat utilization chamber 15 is connected with the top furnace wall of the combustion chamber 2. Heat conducting walls 5 are respectively arranged between the cooling chamber 14, the waste heat utilization chamber 15 and the reaction chamber 1. At least one heat exchange channel is respectively arranged in the waste heat utilization chamber 15 and the cooling chamber 14 along the length direction. The cooling chamber 14 is an air cooling structure and cools the material descending to the section of the cooling chamber 14 from the reaction chamber 1.

An air inlet 17 is formed in the lower portion of the cooling chamber 14, an air outlet 18 is formed in the top portion of the waste heat utilization chamber 15, cold air enters the cooling chamber 14 from the air inlet 17, flows to the upper portion of the cooling chamber 14 through a heat exchange channel and cools furnace materials in the reaction chamber 1, cooled hot air flows to the waste heat utilization chamber 15 through the heat exchange channel 16, the waste heat utilization chamber 15 transfers heat to the furnace materials on the upper portion of the reaction chamber 1 through the heat exchange channel, and finally residual waste heat flue gas is discharged from the air outlet 18.

The number of the reaction chambers 1 in one shaft furnace is n, the number of the combustion chambers 2, the number of the cooling chambers 14 and the number of the waste heat utilization chambers 15 are respectively (n +1), when the heat storage chambers 11 only preheat air, the number of the heat storage chambers 11 is (n +2), and when the heat storage chambers 11 preheat air and coal gas, the number of the heat storage chambers 11 is (2n + 4).

Finally, it is noted that: the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, and it will be understood that modifications and variations may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A direct reduction shaft furnace comprising a reaction chamber and a combustion chamber; the device is characterized in that two side walls at the lower part of the reaction chamber are structures for reinforcing the furnace wall, and a combustion chamber is arranged above the structure for reinforcing the furnace wall; the bottom of the other two side surfaces of the reaction chamber is respectively provided with a discharge port, and the height of the upper edge of the discharge port is not higher than that of the upper edge of the reinforced furnace wall.

2. The direct reduction shaft furnace according to claim 1, wherein the vertical portion of the reinforced furnace wall is of unitary construction, and one end of the vertical portion is embedded and fixed in the furnace bottom.

3. The direct reduction shaft furnace according to claim 1, wherein the outside of the tap hole is provided with a door covering the tap hole.

4. The direct reduction shaft furnace according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that an air curtain device is arranged outside the discharge opening, and inert gas is introduced into the air curtain device.

5. The direct reduction shaft furnace according to claim 1, further comprising a regenerator in communication with the combustion chamber, the regenerator being disposed laterally of the combustion chamber.

6. The direct reduction shaft furnace according to claim 5, wherein a flame path group is provided in the combustion chamber, the flame path group comprising a single flame path and a double flame path, the flame path group being connected to the regenerator through a connecting passage.

7. The direct reduction shaft furnace according to claim 1, wherein a waste heat utilization chamber is arranged above the combustion chamber, a cooling chamber is arranged between the combustion chamber and the reinforced furnace wall, and at least one heat exchange channel is respectively arranged in the waste heat utilization chamber and the cooling chamber along the length direction.

8. The direct reduction shaft furnace according to claim 7, wherein the bottom of the waste heat utilization chamber is connected to one end of the exchange channel and the other end of the exchange channel is connected to the cooling chamber.

9. The direct reduction shaft furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that heat conducting walls are arranged between the reaction chamber and the combustion chamber, the waste heat utilization chamber and the cooling chamber respectively.

10. The direct reduction shaft furnace according to claim 7, wherein the cooling chamber is of an air-cooled structure, the bottom of the cooling chamber is provided with an air inlet, and the top of the waste heat utilization chamber is provided with an air outlet.