CN201621949U - Externally-heated coal reducing rotary kiln - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an externally-heated coal reducing rotary kiln, comprising a furnace body, a revolving drum in the hearth of the furnace body, and a feeding equipment and a discharging equipment respectively arranged at both ends of the revolving drum. The externally-heated coal reducing rotary kiln is characterized in that the revolving drum is arranged and tilted in the hearth of the furnace body; the furnace body is composed of an upper furnace body and a lower furnace body; a transition part for communicating the hearth of the upper furnace body with the hearth of the lower furnace body is arranged outside the middle part of the revolving drum; three equidistant rolling rings and three rolling ring carrier rollers are arranged outside the revolving drum; two coal burning machines are respectively arranged at one side the upper furnace body and at one side of the lower furnace body; a shoveling plate for stirring material is arranged in the revolving drum; a high-temperature revolving sealed connection device is arranged at two sides of the transition part and between the opposite end surfaces of the upper furnace body and the lower furnace body. The utility model ensures the rotary kiln to be an equipment capable of continuous feeding and discharging and improves the utilization rate, the reduction rate and the throughput of material, thereby the utility model is applicable to the reduction and retraction of various oxidized ores.

Description

The external-heat fire coal reverts back rotary kiln

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of smelting kiln, especially rotary kiln that extracts metallic element from metallic ore.

Background technology

It all is oxide ore that a lot of metallic ores are arranged at present, and chemical property is highly stable, is difficult to the direct extraction of metal element, need be under the environment of high temperature 〉=700 ℃ and the coal dust calcining, carry out reduction reaction, and could extract metallic element.

Most now reduction calcining furnaces all are brick reverberatory furnaces.The shortcoming of reverberatory furnace is as follows:

1, reverberatory furnace is intermittent feeding and discharge method, can not produce continuously.Gone out material charging again again, the middle time has intermittently been caused the idle of equipment, has reduced usage ratio of equipment.

2, the mode that adds thermal material is to conduct heat to material by fixing stove plate, and flue gas mainly conducts heat to material by the mode of radiation.Fixing stove plate is generally nonmetallic refractory slab, and thermal resistance is big, and heat transfer efficiency is low, serious waste heat energy.Flue gas also can be taken away some materials when flowing through material, cause waste.

When 3, adding thermal material, material is actionless, the temperature height of appearance, and the temperature of the inside is low, and non-uniform temperature causes reduction reaction inhomogeneous, and the reaction that has is excessive, and what have does not also react completely.

4, material is mixed by metal mining powder and coal dust, and the uniformity coefficient of mixing is difficult to guarantee.After entering reverberatory furnace, be inactive state substantially, this inhomogeneous mixing of metal mining powder and coal dust will cause reacting insufficient, waste a part of raw material.

5, during discharging, the high-temperature material that has reduced runs into air, and one deck material moment on surface is oxidized again by airborne oxygen, has reduced percent reduction.

6, during charging and discharging, hot gas is rushed out from fire door, and the material of powdery is got everywhere by Hot-air blowing device and flies upward, and has both wasted material, has worsened workman's work situation again.

7, the burner hearth of reverberatory furnace is very long, and production capacity is very little again, in order to obtain bigger output, generally all is to build a lot of bar reverberatory furnaces, thus the side of occupationing of land very, the workshop that needs are very big.

8, reverberatory furnace all is artificial charging and discharging, needs a large amount of skilled workers, and belongs to the work of the high muscle power of high temperature with high dust, and cost of labor is very high.

External-heating rotary kiln is very common in the drying and dewatering technology below 400 ℃, but in the calcine technology of high temperature, rarely found.Chief reason is exactly, and the metal cylinder of rotary kiln at high temperature can deliquescing, distortion, weld cracking etc.If can not heat continuously, not only do not reach requirement on the technology, and metal cylinder gets deliquescing, distortion, weld cracking can be more serious, directly causes equipment to move.So the length of existing rotary kiln is shorter, be generally less than 20 meters, and can only set up the rolling bearing point at the two ends of rotating cylinder, the middle part of rotating rotating cylinder is in the burner hearth of the furnace body.Long more rotary kiln, easy deformation more.

And, at present domestic also can not be applied to actual production do the high temperature external-heating rotary kiln of the energy with coal.Chief reason is exactly, and coal flame and temperature control when burning are difficult to control, and any metal material all has limiting temperature, in case surpass this temperature, metal cylinder has just been scrapped.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of can production continuously, and the external-heat fire coal that material is heated evenly with the cylinder sealing operation reverts back rotary kiln.

The technical solution of the utility model is:

A kind of external-heat fire coal reverts back rotary kiln, and it comprises body of heater, the rotating cylinder that rotates in burner hearth of the furnace body, and the charging and discharging equipment that is located at the rotating cylinder two ends respectively, it is characterized in that:

Described rotating cylinder is vertically tilting in burner hearth of the furnace body, and feed end is higher than discharge end;

Described body of heater is made up of upper furnace body and lower furnace body;

The outside in described rotating cylinder stage casing is provided with the changeover portion that comprises heat-insulation layer and be communicated with upper and lower burner hearth of the furnace body cavity;

Be provided with three equidistant rolling rings in the described rotating cylinder outside, and the corresponding separately rolling ring carrying roller that is located on the roller seat, wherein, the rolling ring in the middle of the rotating cylinder is located on the changeover portion outside;

In a side of upper furnace body and lower furnace body, be respectively equipped with the coal burning machine of supplying with burner hearth heat energy;

The flue of described coal burning machine side below burner hearth is supplied with burner hearth heat energy, and the smoke-outlet flue that opposite side communicates with chimney below burner hearth is discharged flue dust.

Be provided with the flight that can stir material in the inboard of rotating cylinder.

Between the both sides and last lower furnace body opposing end surface of rotating cylinder changeover portion, be provided with high temperature rotary seal coupling arrangement.

The external-heat fire coal of above structure reverts back rotary kiln and has the following advantages:

1, the cylindrical shell long enough of rotary kiln, make rotary kiln become can continuous charging and discharging equipment, the utilization rate of equipment and installations height.

2, external-heating rotary kiln adds thermal material by resistant to elevated temperatures metal, and the thermal resistance of metal material is very little, thermal efficiency height.Flue gas does not contact material, does not have loss of material.

3, the cylindrical shell of rotary kiln is to rotate continuously, inner flight in addition, and material is stirring in course of reaction always, and mixing of metal mining powder and coal dust reacts also even, and fully.

4, the cylindrical shell of external-heating rotary kiln is basic sealing, all is charging and discharging under the condition of basic isolated outside air, and the material that has reduced can be not oxidized again, improved the utilization rate and the percent reduction of material.

5, the cylindrical shell of external-heating rotary kiln is basic sealing, and charging and discharging do not have tangible hot gas to leak, and do not have material to fly upward everywhere yet.

6, external-heating rotary kiln takes up an area of and to be twice than reverberatory furnace, but production capacity is more than big ten times, even tens times, and it is enough that integrated mill builds an external-heating rotary kiln, and the workshop also need not be built very big, and can obviously reduce coal consumption, reaches the effect of energy-saving and emission-reduction.

7, external-heating rotary kiln automaticity height only need 4 workmans just can operate, and muscle power is little, and work situation is good, and is very low to specification requirement.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a sectional structure schematic diagram of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is the structure schematic top plan view of analysing and observe along A-A among Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the structure elevational schematic view of analysing and observe along C-C among Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is the structure elevational schematic view of analysing and observe along D-D among Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of changeover portion.

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of analysing and observe along E-E among Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of changeover portion and last lower furnace body cylindrical shape connector sealed attachment.

Fig. 8 is the sectional structure schematic diagram that Fig. 7 right side is looked.

Fig. 9 is the support structural representation of rotating cylinder.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail.

Shown in Figure 1, it is sectional structure elevational schematic view of the present utility model, can clearly find out structure of the present utility model in conjunction with Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the structural representation of analysing and observe along A-A among Fig. 1, it is the vertical view of laterally analysing and observe of the present utility model, Fig. 1 then is the structural representation of analysing and observe along B-B among Fig. 2, is the front view that the utility model vertical direction is analysed and observe.By among Fig. 1,2 as can be known, for can be continuously charging and discharging fast, enhance productivity, the rotating cylinder 4 of rotary kiln adopts long bobbin, rotating cylinder 4 runs through upper furnace body 5 and lower furnace body 12.Be provided with the changeover portion 8 that is communicated with upper furnace 31 and lower hearth 24 in the centre of rotating cylinder 4, the outside of rotating cylinder 4 is provided with equidistant three rolling rings 3,9,16, and the corresponding separately rolling ring carrying roller 69 that is located on the roller seat 33,27,17, and rolling ring carrying roller 69 is located on the carrying roller basis 32,26,19 that is made by reinforced concrete; Wherein, the rolling ring 9 in the middle of the rotating cylinder 4 is located on changeover portion 8 outsides, and rolling ring carrying roller 69 is seen Fig. 9 with the supporting structure of each rolling ring.In Fig. 9, the rolling ring carrying roller 69 of following both sides becomes 30 ° angle with the vertical center line of rolling ring, rolling ring carrying roller 69 is supporting rolling ring 3,9,16 respectively from the following both sides of rolling ring, be that rotating cylinder 4 has three uniform rotating support points, rotating support point in the middle of having Duoed than the rotary kiln of prior art, changeover portion 8 with rotating cylinder 4 has constituted the problem that solves the long easy thermal deformation of rotating cylinder, makes rotary kiln become the equipment of energy continuous charging and discharging.The strong point mainly is made up of carrying roller 69 and rolling ring 3,9,16, carrying roller 69 wherein contains bearing, it is butter that the bearing the inside is added with lubricating grease, can not bear the high temperature more than 200 ℃, the strong point temperature at two is low out of question, the strong point of key in the middle of being is in maximum temperature 〉=700 ℃ to be located, and the bearing that contains butter under high temperature like this can't move at all.Now intermediate support is put carrying roller 69 and rolling ring 9 is located at outside the body of heater, heating degree reduces greatly, but also cooling device can be set its bearing and supporting arrangement thereof is lowered the temperature, and makes it moving under normal temperature.In like manner can push away, also body of heater can be divided into plurality of sections, the rotational support point of rotating cylinder is located between two sections stoves, can rotating cylinder do long enough, greater than 20 meters, make charging, heating and a discharging just can finish the reduction reaction of metallic ore material, extract metallic element.The right-hand member of rotating cylinder 4 is a feed end, and the right-hand member head is provided with the apparatus for feeding 1 with the rotating cylinder sealed attachment, represents with frame of broken lines; Be fixed with rotating cylinder power input gear 2 on the rotating cylinder between port and the rolling ring 3, right-hand member can be seen from Fig. 2, and power set 34 are defeated by rotating cylinder power input gear 2 by driving gear 35 with power, and rotating cylinder 4 can be rotated; The left end of rotating cylinder 4 is a discharge end, and in like manner, its left end head is provided with the discharging equipment 18 with the rotating cylinder sealed attachment, represents with frame of broken lines.On the handing-over mouth of upper furnace body 5 right sides, lower furnace body 12 left sides and rotating cylinder 4, be respectively equipped with general sealing ring 39, leak for the heat energy in the burner hearth 31,24; Because the temperature at the two ends, the left and right sides of body of heater is not very high when work, so get final product with existing rotary kiln sealing ring commonly used.The structure of upper and lower body of heater 5,12 is basic identical, with all corresponding cylindrical shape connector 7,10 that is built into by common brick 14 and refractory fireclay block 21 that is provided with in the junction of changeover portion 8.Upper and lower body of heater 5,12 is made by perlite mix cement 13, common brick 14, high-alumina brick 28, alumina concrete and alumina silicate fibre 20 and refractory fireclay block 21, has good insulation effect, the bottom is on the basis of the bottom surface layer of being made by reinforced concrete 23, also establishes the heat-insulation layer that clay brick 21, perlite mix cement 13 are made.

In Fig. 1,2, can see, firm in order to make body of heater, around body of heater, also be provided with guardrail 6, top straining beam 11 and headwall column 15 etc.; In order to measure the temperature of each section in the body of heater, but all be provided with the thermocouple 38 of detected temperatures in each section side of upper and lower body of heater 5,12; In order to make the flue gas that enters in burner hearth 31 and 24 that the channel of circulation be arranged, below the burner hearth 31 and 24 of upper and lower body of heater 5,12, be respectively equipped with flue 30 and 25, and smoke outlet flue 47 and 40; Wherein, flue is at the rear side of body of heater, and smoke outlet flue is in the front side of body of heater, and the flue of upper and lower body of heater and smoke outlet flue communicate by the cavity in the changeover portion 8 64, sees also Fig. 5,6 and explanation.Front side at upper and lower body of heater 5,12, be respectively equipped with one comprise coal feeding bucket 41, advance coal reductor 42, the coal burning machine 49,45 in water tank 43, air blast 44 and the room 46 of slagging tap, the high-temperature flue gas that produces enters the defeated flue of burner hearth below by the smoke inlet of body of heater front side, referring to Fig. 3 and following explanation thereof.Wherein, constitute circulation in order in order to make high-temperature flue gas at flue, burner hearth and smoke outlet flue, because coal burning machine 49 is shown in dotted line near the underpass 50 that leads to chimney.So heat supply can be given volume, coal-fired tonnage and the heating load of lower furnace body 12 coal burning machines 45 coal burning machine 49 greater than upper furnace body 5.The structure of coal burning machine 49,45 is identical, is varying in size of heat supply, so only big coal burning machine 45 is described.On the underpass shown in the dotted line 50, be provided with flue shutter 51.In order to clear up the flue dust on flue and the smoke outlet flue, be interval with several deashing roads 22 and shoot door 36 thereof in the front and back of body of heater side.Flue and above the smoke outlet flue also the furnace wall by mid-feather 48 and both sides be provided with flue arch 29, to reinforce body of heater.Between the cylindrical shape connector 7,10 and changeover portion 8 of upper and lower body of heater, be provided with the flake type sealing ring 37 that the high temperature rotary seal connects.Adopted resistant to elevated temperatures high-alumina brick 28 to make in the furnace wall relative with coal burning machine 49,45 heat energy input ports.

Shown in Figure 3, be the structural representation of analysing and observe along C-C among Fig. 2, it is the cross section view at big coal burning machine 45 and lower furnace body 12 middle parts.By among the figure as can be known, fixedly be evenly equipped with vertical flight 57 that can stir material in the inboard of rotating cylinder 4, the outside also fixedly is evenly equipped with heat sink 52 longitudinally.In order to reinforce the top of body of heater 12, also be provided with between the upper and lower every the horizontal face of making by the alumina concrete 53 that leads in the both sides of arch.Thermocouple 38 from outside pass furnace wall inspection and can survey temperature in the burner hearth 24, the outer end of thermocouple 38 also should be connected with signal transmssion line and be connected with controller with temperature detection.Coal burning machine 45 is in a side of body of heater 12, the combustion chamber 54 in the coal burning machine 45 after fire coal produces heat energy, by air blast 44 with the flue gas of heat energy-high temperature by preceding flue 56, pass to flue 25, rise to burner hearth 24, the rotating cylinder 4 that is rotating in the burner hearth 24 is heated, shown in the arrow among Fig. 3.Because the temperature that top 55 of preceding flue 56 is subjected to when working is very high, can be built into by high temperature resistant high-alumina brick 28 so adopt, other face also is built into more high temperature resistant refractory fireclay block 21.Sidewall at body of heater 12 is provided with deashing road 22 and shoot door 36 thereof, and this deashing road 22 and shoot door 36 thereof all are provided with in the both sides of body of heater 5,12, are used to clear up flue 30 and 25, and the flue dust in smoke outlet flue 47 and 40, guarantees the unimpeded of flue.Flue 30 and 25 also claims high temperature purification chamber 30 and 25.Mid-feather 48 is divided into flue and smoke outlet flue two parts with flue, and mid-feather 48 leaves fire hole, and these two parts are communicated with.And be provided with flue arch 29 in the above.Because body of heater 12,5, the structure of coal burning machine 45,49 is identical, on body of heater 5 and coal burning machine 49 to cut open structure also identical, so in the above description, corresponding construction spare has also adopted corresponding label, the following description also is like this.

Shown in Figure 4, be the structural representation of analysing and observe along D-D among Fig. 2.This figure has mainly represented smoke outlet flue 40 and underpass 50 structures of leading to chimney, is provided with flue shutter 51 on underpass 50, is used to control the output of flue gas, regulates the temperature in the burner hearth.Other furnace binding is identical with Fig. 3 basically.

Shown in Figure 5, be the sectional structure schematic diagram of changeover portion, Fig. 6 is the structural representation of analysing and observe along E-E among Fig. 5, and two figure combine and see, changeover portion 8 is between the cylindrical shape connector 7,10 of the centre of rotating cylinder 4 and upper and lower body of heater 5,12, plays a part to be communicated with upper and lower body of heater 5,12.Described changeover portion 8 is on rotating cylinder 4, fixedlys connected with rotating cylinder 4 in radially connecting plate 65 the inners uniformly at intervals, and the outer end fixed interval is connected with inner cylinder 63, outer cylinder 59.Be fixed with insulation material frame 58 on the medial surface of outer cylinder 59, the space that is used between inner core 63 and outer cylinder 59 is provided with insulation material sial fiber 60 and ceramic fibre 61, makes changeover portion 8 have insulation effect.Between inner cylinder 63 and rotating cylinder 4 is the cavity 64 that is communicated with upper and lower body of heater, and shown in the arrow among Fig. 5, the hot gas in upper and lower body of heater 5,12 burner hearths 31,24 can circulate mutually at the cavity 64 of changeover portion 8, and rotating cylinder 4 is heated.Be useful on the detent rail 62 that middle rolling ring 9 is installed in outer cylinder 59 outside center fixed.

Shown in Figure 7, be the structural representation of changeover portion and chimney arch sealed attachment, Fig. 8 is the sectional structure schematic diagram that Fig. 7 right side is looked, two figure combine the structure to cylindrical shape connector 7,10 sealed attachment of changeover portion and last lower furnace body to describe.By among the figure as can be known, on the circular orifices limit of the relative face 68 of cylindrical shape connector 7,10, be fixed with a location iron hoop 67, be fixed with the arc flake type sealing ring 37 that a blocks of side is stacked to constitute in regular turn with screw 66 on the lateral surface of location iron hoop 67, the other end of each arc scale abuts in outer cylinder 59 outsides of changeover portion 8, seal up the gap between outer cylinder 59 outsides of cylindrical shape connector 7,10 and changeover portion 8, do not leak, play the effect of thermal-insulating sealing to hot gas.

The operation principle that this external-heat fire coal reverts back rotary kiln is:

Rotating cylinder 4 of the present utility model and corresponding upper and lower body of heater 5,12 long enoughs, tilting rotating cylinder 4 can make the metallic ore material move on to discharge end from the feeding end of rotating cylinder 4 rolling, under the environment of high temperature 〉=700 ℃ with the coal dust mixed calcining, can carry out reduction reaction fully, come out to extract metallic element after the cooling from discharge end.

Rotating cylinder 4 is by rolling ring 3,9,16 and 69 supportings of rolling ring carrying roller, and power set 34 are defeated by rotating cylinder power input gear 2 by driving gear 35 with power, and rotating cylinder 4 is rotated.In the rotation of rotating cylinder 4, the metallic ore material is by the feeding mouth input of apparatus for feeding 1 from rotating cylinder 4, coal burning machine 45,49 is supplied with the flue gas of burner hearths 31,24 high temperature 〉=700 ℃ respectively by preceding flue 56, flue 30 and 25 in a side of body of heater 5,12, high-temperature flue gas in two burner hearths 31,24 circulates mutually by the cavity 64 on the changeover portion 8, and the rotating cylinder 4 that rotates in the burner hearth 31,24 is heated.The heat sink in rotating cylinder 4 outsides absorbs heat 52 this moments, and the metallic ore in the rotating cylinder 4 and the mixed material of coal dust are heated evenly under the stirring of flight 57, produce calcining under action of high temperature.This heating and calcination process are from the feeding end charging of rotating cylinder 4, and mixed material moves on to discharge end in rolling is carrying out always, have enough heat energy and the time chien shih metalliferous mineral material carry out reduction reaction fully.Material after the complete reaction enters into discharging equipment 18 from rotating cylinder 4, through cooling off the metallic element that can be reduced accordingly.

Claims (3)

1. an external-heat fire coal reverts back rotary kiln, and it comprises body of heater, the rotating cylinder that rotates in burner hearth of the furnace body, and the charging and discharging equipment that is located at the rotating cylinder two ends respectively, it is characterized in that:

Described rotating cylinder (4) is vertically tilting in burner hearth of the furnace body (24,31), and feed end is higher than discharge end;

Described body of heater is made up of upper furnace body (5) and lower furnace body (12);

The outside in described rotating cylinder (4) stage casing is provided with the changeover portion (8) that comprises heat-insulation layer (60,61) and be communicated with upper and lower burner hearth of the furnace body (24,31) cavities (64);

Be provided with equidistant three rolling rings (3,9,16) in described rotating cylinder (4) outside, and correspondence is located at rolling ring carrying roller (69) on the roller seat (33,27,17) separately, wherein, the rolling ring (9) in the middle of the rotating cylinder (4) is located on the outside of changeover portion (8);

In a side of upper furnace body (5) and lower furnace body (12), be respectively equipped with the coal burning machine (49,45) of supplying with burner hearth (31,24) heat energy;

The flue (30,25) of described coal burning machine (45,49) side below burner hearth (31,24) is supplied with burner hearth heat energy, and the smoke-outlet flue (40) that opposite side communicates with chimney below burner hearth (31,24) is discharged flue dust.

2. external-heat fire coal according to claim 1 reverts back rotary kiln, it is characterized in that:

Be provided with the flight (57) that can stir material in the inboard of rotating cylinder (4).

3. external-heat fire coal according to claim 1 reverts back rotary kiln, it is characterized in that:

Between the both sides and last lower furnace body (5,12) opposing end surface of rotating cylinder changeover portion (8), be provided with on the lateral surface that comprises location iron hoop (67) and be fixed with the arc flake type sealing ring (37) that a blocks of side is stacked to constitute in regular turn with screw (66), the other end of each arc scale abuts in outer cylinder (59) outside of changeover portion (8), the high temperature rotary seal coupling arrangement in the gap between sealing up outside the outer cylinder (59) of cylindrical shape connector (7,10) and changeover portion (8).

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