CN212851703U - Multifunctional integrated machine for crop planting - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-functional all-in-one is planted to crops comprises flying piece, fertilizer injection unit, fertilization frame, spring, speed reducer, controller, the device that waters, ditching mechanism, soil feeding mechanism, the device of digging a nest, plant seedling device, earthing mechanism, truckle mechanism, frame, seat, scraper, walking wheel, derailleur, and the function order that the machine realized is: the method comprises the steps of ditching, fertilizing, delivering soil to form ridges, scraping flat ridge tops, digging, planting seedlings, watering and earthing, adopts a sharp-angle ditching technology, a positive displacement quantitative fertilizing technology, a spiral soil delivering and ridging technology, an excavating type digging technology, an artificial free insertion type seedling planting technology, a disc earthing technology and an electric automatic control quantitative watering technology which are simple in structure, is suitable for planting operation of crops such as tobacco, vegetables, corn and rape, achieves multiple functions by one machine, and has the advantages of reducing agricultural production processes, improving production efficiency and reducing agricultural production cost.

Description

Multifunctional integrated machine for crop planting

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an agricultural production plants mechanical equipment, especially relates to a multi-functional all-in-one is planted to crops.

Background

In the planting operation of crops such as tobacco, vegetables, corn, rape, all need to pass through a plurality of operation processes such as field ridging, fertilization, digging a pit and planting seedlings, watering, current agricultural machine can only accomplish single process operation because the structure is complicated, or two process operations, because the operation process is many, it is time-consuming to take a lot of work, intensity of labour is big, high in production cost, influence the agricultural production benefit, the mechanized fertilization difficulty of fertilizer is big, easily block up, for agricultural production reduces the labour and increases effects, need research and collects multi-functional in an organic whole combination mechanical equipment, once only accomplish a plurality of farming processes, reduction in production cost, improve agricultural production efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at providing a multi-functional all-in-one is planted to crops, it can solve the above-mentioned agricultural machine function singleness not enough that exists, adopt simple structure's closed angle ditching technique, positive displacement quantitative fertilization technique, the spiral is sent native ridging technique, the excavation formula is beaten the nest technique, imitative manual free plug-in seedling technique of planting, disc earthing technique, electric automatic control's quantitative watering technique, combine in an organic whole, accomplish the ditching on one set of machine, fertilize, ridging, beat the nest, plant the seedling, water, the earthing operation, realize a tractor serves several purposes, reach and reduce the agricultural production process, and the production efficiency is improved, the beneficial effect of agricultural production cost is reduced.

The utility model aims at realizing according to the following technical scheme: this multifunctional integrated machine is planted to crops comprises flying piece, fertilizer injection unit, fertilization frame, spring, speed reducer, controller, the device that waters, ditching mechanism, soil feeding mechanism, the device of digging a pit, plant seedling device, earthing mechanism, truckle mechanism, frame, seat, scraper, walking wheel, derailleur, and the functional sequence that the machine realized is: ditching-fertilizing-sending soil into ridges-scraping flat ridge tops-digging-planting seedlings-watering-covering soil, wherein the rack is a rectangular frame, a reinforcing beam is arranged in the middle of the rack, the walking wheel is arranged at the front end of the rack and is a steel wheel with teeth, a driving chain wheel is arranged on the walking wheel, the driving chain wheel is connected with a transmission chain wheel by a chain to transmit power, the transmission is arranged on the rack, the position of the transmission is close to the digging device, a hanging part is fixed at the front end of the rack and is composed of three support legs, three holes are formed in the hanging part and are matched with three traction legs of a wheel type tractor, the hanging part is connected with the tractor during working, the ditching mechanism is a sharp-angle-shaped mechanism, the angle is 35-45 degrees.

The fertilizer applying frame is fixed behind the ditching mechanism, a square frame made of a steel pipe is arranged on the frame, a spring is connected on the fertilizer applying frame, a fertilizer applying device is connected on the spring, the fertilizer applying device consists of a fertilizer box, a stirring shaft, stirring blades, an adjusting hand wheel, a lower fertilizer shaft, a stirring chain wheel, an adjusting shaft, a lower fertilizer chain wheel, a fertilizer pipe, an electric vibrator, a lower fertilizer shell, a lower fertilizer blade and an adjusting plate, the fertilizer box is square, the lower part of the fertilizer box is conical, the lower part of the fertilizer box is connected with the lower fertilizer shell, the stirring blades are in a strip block shape, the stirring blades are fixed on the stirring shaft, the stirring shaft is fixed in the fertilizer box by adopting a bearing, the stirring chain wheel is fixed on the stirring shaft and is used for transmitting power, the electric vibrator is arranged on the conical part of the fertilizer box, the adjusting plate is rectangular, the adjusting plate, the adjusting shaft extends out of the fertilizer box, the adjusting hand wheel is arranged at the tail end of the adjusting shaft, the adjusting hand wheel is rotated to adjust the falling amount of the fertilizer, the fertilizer discharging blades are rectangular, the fertilizer discharging blades are fixed on the fertilizer discharging shaft and are made into a plurality of fertilizer discharging blades which are evenly distributed on the circumference, the fertilizer discharging shaft is arranged in the fertilizer discharging shell by adopting bearings, the fertilizer discharging shell is cylindrical and horizontally arranged, square holes are processed at the upper part and the lower part for the inflow and the outflow of the fertilizer, certain gaps are kept between the fertilizer discharging blades and the inner wall of the fertilizer discharging shell, the fertilizer discharging blades and the inner wall of the fertilizer discharging shell do not collide when rotating, the fertilizer discharging shaft extends out of the fertilizer discharging shell and is provided with two fertilizer discharging chain wheels, one of the fertilizer discharging chain wheels is connected with a stirring chain wheel by adopting a chain to transmit power, the other discharging chain wheel is connected with a chain wheel on an output shaft of a speed reducer by adopting a, the fertilizer falls into the opened ditch.

The soil feeding mechanism is arranged behind the fertilizing frame, is arranged on the frame and is positioned below the frame, the soil feeding mechanism consists of a soil feeding cutter seat, a soil feeding cutter, a seat, a vertical shaft and a soil feeding main shaft, the seat is arranged on the frame, the vertical shaft is arranged in the seat by adopting a bearing, the vertical shaft transmits power to the soil feeding main shaft by adopting gear transmission, the soil feeding main shaft is arranged on the seat by adopting a bearing, the vertical shaft is vertically arranged with the soil feeding main shaft, the soil feeding cutter seat is used for installing the soil feeding cutter, the soil feeding cutter is a spiral blade and is made into a part of spiral with a screw pitch to form discontinuous blades and reduce power consumption, the soil feeding cutter seat is arranged on the soil feeding main shaft and is matched by adopting a square pipe, the dismounting is convenient, the spiral directions of the soil feeding cutters at two sides of the seat are opposite, fine soil is conveyed to the middle during rotation to form a ridge shape, and the soil scraping plate is a long plate, the soil scraping mechanism is arranged below the frame and behind the soil conveying mechanism and is used for scraping ridge shapes.

The pit digging device is fixed below the rack and positioned behind the scraping plate, the pit digging device consists of a pit digging chain wheel, a pin shaft I, a crank I, a pin shaft II, a pit digging rod, a pit digging cutter, a hinge VI, a rocker I and a pin shaft III, the pin shaft I and the pin shaft III are fixed on the rack, the pin shaft I, the crank I, the pin shaft II, the hinge VI, the rocker I, the pin shaft III and the pit digging rod form a crank rocker mechanism, the pit digging cutter is fixed on the pit digging rod, the pit digging chain wheel is assembled on the pin shaft I, the pit digging chain wheel rotates around the pin shaft I, the pit digging chain wheel is fixedly connected with the crank I, the pit digging chain wheel is connected with an output shaft chain wheel of the speed changer by adopting a chain to transmit power, the pit digging chain wheel rotates to drive the crank I to rotate to drive the pit, digging a pit in the soil, wherein the pit digging knife is made into a shovel shape, the part of the shovel contacting with the soil is circular, and the punched pit is circular.

The seedling planting device comprises a movable seedling planting nozzle, a hinge seat, a hinge, a vertical rod, a pin shaft, a cross rod, a seedling planting barrel, a hinge I, a baffle plate, a sensor, a hinge II, a cam shaft, a chain transmission mechanism, a crank, a pin shaft IV, a connecting rod, a hinge IV, a rocker, a pin shaft V, a seedling planting frame, a cam chain wheel and a seedling planting chain wheel, wherein the pin shaft IV and the pin shaft V are fixed on the seedling planting frame, the seedling planting frame is arranged on the frame, the hinge I, the crank, the pin shaft IV, the connecting rod, the hinge IV, the rocker and the pin shaft V form a crank rocker mechanism, the seedling planting chain wheel is fixedly connected with the crank, the crank is fixed on the pin shaft IV, the hinge I is fixed on the seedling planting barrel, the seedling planting chain wheel is connected with an output shaft chain wheel of a speed changer by adopting a chain to transmit power, the seedling planting chain wheel, plant the seedling operation, plant a seedling section of thick bamboo for cylindric, the lower extreme is the toper, and the toper part removes half, moves the shape of transplanting the seedling mouth and plants a seedling section of thick bamboo and remove partial shape the same, moves the upper portion of transplanting the seedling mouth fixed hinge seat, it is fixed to remove partial upper portion planting a seedling section of thick bamboo the hinge, hinge seat with the hinge links to each other, moves the seedling mouth of transplanting and can rotate around planting a seedling section of thick bamboo, makes the motion of opening and shutting, forms a complete toper together, and the seedling can not fall out in the inside, and the seedling just falls when opening, hinge, montant, round pin axle, horizontal pole, hinge II, cam and camshaft constitute a cam rocker mechanism, and the cam sprocket passes through chain drive mechanism and plants seedling sprocket and is connected, transmits power, cam sprocket and cam fixed connection, cam and camshaft connection, the cam is rotatory around the camshaft, and the cam sprocket rotates, drives the cam rotation, drives, the seedling transplanting nozzle is driven to open and close, and seedlings fall into a hole formed by inserting the seedling transplanting cylinder into soil.

The soil covering mechanism is fixed on the rack, is positioned behind the seedling planting device and comprises two round wheels and a support rod, the two round wheels are installed to be inclined, the distance between the two round wheels is adjustable, the two round wheels are opposite to the position of the seedling planting point, soil around the seedling planting point is scraped to the root of the seedling by the two inclined round wheels to fix the seedling, the support rod is made into two sections, the lower round wheel is inserted into the upper round wheel, a plurality of holes are machined in the two round wheels, and the height of the support rod is adjusted by inserting bolts into the holes.

The caster mechanism is arranged on the rack, is provided with two parts, is positioned behind the soil covering mechanism and is used for supporting a machine, and consists of a rubber wheel, a bearing and support columns, each support column is made into two sections, the lower part of the support column is inserted into the upper part of the support column, the two parts of the support column are both provided with a plurality of holes, and the heights of the support column and the upper part of the support column are adjusted by inserting bolts into the holes.

The watering device is arranged on the rack, is positioned behind the seedling planting device and consists of a water tank, an electric valve and a water pipe, wherein the water tank is made into a cylinder shape, the bottom of the water tank is conical, the electric valve is connected to the bottom of the water tank, an outlet of the electric valve is connected with the water pipe, and the water pipe stretches to the seedling position and waters the planted seedlings.

The speed reducer is installed in the frame, one of them output shaft of speed reducer with the soil feeding mechanism the vertical scroll passes through the shaft coupling and links to each other, and installation sprocket on another output shaft drives fertilizer injection unit through the chain, and the mounted position of beating the nest device is adjustable, makes beat the nest point and the following distance of planting between the seedling point equals the distance that the machine gos forward when planting seedling device operation cycle, also is a nest distance, and derailleur drive ratio is adjustable, plants the speed of seedling device operation cycle and the speed of machine walking and matches, beats the nest and plants the seedling synchronization.

The seat is installed in the frame, supplies the operator to take advantage of the seat, the controller is installed in the frame, comprises domestic animal battery, electrical control box, according to the signal of sensor, controls electric valve's opening or closing, waters for the seedling of planting, and electrical control box control electric vibrator's operation makes the vibration of fertilizer case prevents that fertilizer injection unit from blockking up.

The working principle is that fertilizer is loaded into the fertilizer applying device and clean water is loaded into the watering device in the field which is ploughed as loose soil, seedlings are placed on the machine for standby, a suspension part of the machine is connected with a suspension part of a tractor, an output shaft of the tractor is connected with an input shaft of a speed reducer by adopting a universal coupling, the height of a caster mechanism is adjusted to a proper position, the adjusting hand wheel is rotated to adjust the fertilizing amount, a groove is formed in the field by a ditching mechanism in the advancing process of the machine, the speed reducer drives the fertilizer applying device to operate, the fertilizer falls into a lower fertilizer shell from a fertilizer box, falls into a fertilizer pipe under the rotating action of a lower fertilizer blade and flows into the groove, the fertilizer cannot be blocked under the combined action of a stirring blade and an electric vibrator, particularly, the fertilizer with poor flowability is good in trafficability, a spring plays a role in damping operation, an output shaft of the speed reducer drives a, the soil is sent to the middle to form a ridge shape, meanwhile, fertilizer is covered, the ridge top is scraped flat under the action of a soil scraping plate, the travelling wheel drives a speed changer through a chain in the advancing process, the speed changer drives a hole digging device and a seedling planting device, digging holes on the ridges, manually putting seedlings into the seedling planting cylinders, when the seedling planting devices are inserted into soil, the movable seedling transplanting mouth is opened under the operation of the cam, the seedlings fall into the soil, the pit distance for planting the seedlings is determined by the outer diameter of the traveling wheel and the transmission ratio from the traveling wheel to the pit digging device, the pit digging device and the seedling planting device move synchronously, when planting the seedling device downstream, the baffle touches the sensor, and sensor signal sends to the controller, opens the electric valve of the device that waters, waters to the root of seedling, and the water yield is adjusted by the time relay of controller, and soil covering mechanism compresses tightly the root that soil gathering to the seedling, accomplishes and plants the seedling.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the multifunctional integrated machine for crop planting can complete ditching, fertilizing, ridging, pit digging, seedling planting, watering and soil covering operations at one time, realizes multiple functions of one machine, and has the beneficial effects of reducing agricultural production procedures, improving production efficiency and reducing agricultural production cost.

Drawings

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a top view of the ditching mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a front view of the fertilizer applicator of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a side view of the fertilizer applicator of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the soil feeding mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the nest making device of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the seedling planting device of the utility model.

In the drawings: 1. a suspension part, 2, a fertilizing device, 3, a fertilizing frame, 4, a spring, 5, a speed reducer, 6, a controller, 7, a watering device, 8, a ditching mechanism, 9, a soil feeding mechanism, 10, a hole digging device, 11, a seedling planting device, 12, a soil covering mechanism, 13, a caster mechanism, 14, a frame, 15, a seat, 16, a scraping plate, 17, a traveling wheel, 18, a transmission, 92, a soil feeding tool holder, 93, a soil feeding knife, 94, a seat, 95, a vertical shaft, 96, a soil feeding main shaft, 101, a hole digging chain wheel, 102, a pin shaft I, 103, a crank I, 104, a pin shaft II, 105, a hole digging rod, 106, a hole digging knife, 107, a hinge VI, 108, a rocker I, 109, a pin shaft III, 111, a movable seedling inserting nozzle, 112, a hinge seat, 113, a hinge, 114, a vertical rod, 115, a pin shaft, 116, a cross rod, 117, a seedling planting cylinder, 118, a hinge, a baffle, 120I, a sensor, 121, a hinge II, 122. the seedling planting machine comprises a cam 123, a cam shaft 124, a chain transmission mechanism 125, a crank 126, a pin shaft IV, 127, a connecting rod 128, a hinge IV, 129, a rocker 130, a pin shaft V, 131, a seedling planting frame 132, a cam chain wheel 133, a seedling planting chain wheel 201, a fertilizer box 202, a stirring shaft 203, a stirring blade 204, an adjusting hand wheel 205, a lower fertilizer shaft 206, a stirring chain wheel 207, an adjusting shaft 208, a lower fertilizer chain wheel 209, a fertilizer pipe 210, an electric vibrator 211, a lower fertilizer shell 212, a lower fertilizer blade 213 and an adjusting plate.

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "inside", "outside", "front", "back", "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally placed when the products of the present invention are used, or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally understood by those skilled in the art, and are merely for convenience of description of the present invention and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or components that are referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be further noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, the multifunctional all-in-one machine for crop planting comprises a suspension part 1, a fertilizing device 2, a fertilizing frame 3, a spring 4, a speed reducer 5, a controller 6, a watering device 7, a ditching mechanism 8, a soil feeding mechanism 9, a pit digging device 10, a seedling planting device 11, a soil covering mechanism 12, a caster mechanism 13, a frame 14, a seat 15, a scraping plate 16, a traveling wheel 17 and a transmission 18, wherein the frame 14 is a rectangular frame, a reinforcing beam is arranged in the middle of the frame, the traveling wheel 17 is arranged at the front end of the frame 14, the traveling wheel 17 is a steel wheel with teeth, a driving sprocket wheel is arranged on the traveling wheel 17, the driving sprocket wheel is connected with the sprocket wheel of the transmission 18 by a chain to transmit power, the transmission 18 is arranged on the frame 14 and is positioned close to the pit digging device 10, the suspension part 1 is, the suspension part 1 is composed of three support legs, is provided with three holes, is matched with three traction legs of a wheel type tractor and is connected with the tractor during working, the ditching mechanism 8 is a sharp-angled mechanism, the angle is 35-45 degrees, and the ditching mechanism is fixed at the front end of the rack 14.

Further, the fertilizing frame 3 is fixed behind the ditching mechanism 8, a square frame made of steel pipes is arranged on the frame 14, the spring 4 is connected to the fertilizing frame 3, the fertilizing device 2 is connected to the spring 4, the fertilizing device 2 is composed of a fertilizer box 201, a stirring shaft 202, stirring blades 203, an adjusting hand wheel 204, a lower fertilizer shaft 205, a stirring chain wheel 206, an adjusting shaft 207, a lower fertilizer chain wheel 208, a fertilizer pipe 209, an electric vibrator 210, a lower fertilizer shell 211, lower fertilizer blades 212 and an adjusting plate 213, the fertilizer box 201 is square, the lower surface of the fertilizer box 201 is conical, the lower surface of the fertilizer box 201 is connected with the lower fertilizer shell 211, the stirring blades 203 are in a bar block shape, the stirring blades 203 are fixed on the stirring shaft 202, the stirring shaft 202 is fixed in the fertilizer box 201 by a bearing, the stirring chain wheel 206 is fixed on the stirring shaft 202 for transmitting power, the electric vibrator 210 is installed on the conical part of the fertilizer box 201, the during operation vibration fertilizer case 201, prevent fertilizer jam, regulating plate 213 is the rectangle, and regulating plate 213 is fixed on regulating shaft 207, and regulating shaft 207 installs in the lower part of fertilizer case 201, and regulating shaft 207 stretches out fertilizer case 201, at end installation adjusting hand wheel 204, and rotatory adjusting hand wheel 204 is used for adjusting the quantity that fertilizer fell, lower fertilizer blade 212 is the rectangle, and lower fertilizer blade 212 is fixed on fertilizer shaft 205 down, makes 6 lower fertilizer blade 212, evenly distributed on the circumference, and lower fertilizer shaft 205 adopts the bearing to install in lower fertilizer casing 211, and lower fertilizer casing 211 is the cylinder, horizontal installation, and upper portion and lower part processing have the quad slit for the inflow and the outflow of fertilizer, and lower fertilizer blade 212 keeps 0.5~1 mm's clearance with the inner wall of lower fertilizer casing 211, and the collision during the rotation, and lower fertilizer shaft 205 stretches out outside lower fertilizer casing 211, installs two lower fertilizer sprocket 208, and one of them fertilizer sprocket 208 and stirring sprocket 206 adopt the chain connection, the other fertilizer applying chain wheel 208 is connected with a chain wheel on an output shaft of the speed reducer 5 by a chain to transmit power, the fertilizer pipe 209 is fixed at the lower end of the fertilizer applying shell 211, the outlet of the fertilizer pipe 209 extends to the back of the ditching mechanism 8, and fertilizer falls into the ditches.

Furthermore, the soil feeding mechanism 9 is located behind the fertilizing frame 3, is mounted on the frame 14, and is located below the frame 14, the soil feeding mechanism 9 is composed of a soil feeding knife holder 92, a soil feeding knife 93, a holder 94, a vertical shaft 95, and a soil feeding main shaft 96, the holder 94 is mounted on the frame 14, the vertical shaft 95 is mounted in the holder 94 by a bearing, the vertical shaft 95 transmits power to the soil feeding main shaft 96 by gear transmission, the soil feeding main shaft 96 is mounted on the holder 94 by a bearing, the vertical shaft 95 is mounted perpendicular to the soil feeding main shaft 96, the soil feeding knife holder 92 is used for mounting the soil feeding knife 93, the soil feeding knife 93 is a spiral blade, a small part of spiral with one pitch is taken, 2-3 soil feeding knives 93 are mounted on two sides of the soil feeding main shaft 96 respectively to form discontinuous blades, power consumption is reduced, the soil feeding knife holder 92 is mounted on the soil feeding main shaft 96, the soil scraping plates 16 are rectangular plates, are arranged below the rack 14 and are positioned behind the soil feeding mechanism 9 and used for scraping ridge shapes.

Further, the pit digging device 10 is fixed below the rack 14 and behind the scraper 16, the pit digging device 10 is composed of a pit digging chain wheel 101, a pin shaft I102, a crank I103, a pin shaft II 104, a pit digging rod 105, a pit digging cutter 106, a hinge VI 107, a rocker I108 and a pin shaft III 109, the pin shaft I102 and the pin shaft III 109 are fixed on the rack 14, the pin shaft I102, the crank I103, the pin shaft II 104, the hinge VI 107, the rocker I108, the pin shaft III 109 and the pit digging rod 105 form a crank rocker mechanism, the pit digging cutter 106 is fixed on the pit digging rod 105, the pit digging chain wheel 101 is assembled on the pin shaft I102, the pit digging chain wheel 101 rotates around the pin shaft I102, the pit digging chain wheel 101 is fixedly connected with the crank I103, the pit digging chain wheel 101 is connected with an output shaft chain wheel of the speed changer 18 by a chain, power is transmitted, the pit digging chain wheel 101 rotates to drive the crank I103 to rotate, and drive the pit digging rod, digging the soil, wherein the digging knife 106 is made into a shovel shape, the contact part with the soil is circular, and the dug pit is circular.

Furthermore, the seedling planting device 11 comprises a movable seedling transplanting nozzle 111, a hinge base 112, a hinge 113, a vertical rod 114, a pin shaft 115, a cross rod 116, a seedling planting barrel 117, a hinge I118, a baffle 119, a sensor 120, a hinge II 121, a cam 122, a cam shaft 123, a chain transmission mechanism 124, a crank 125, a pin shaft IV 126, a connecting rod 127, a hinge IV 128, a rocker 129, a pin shaft V130, a seedling planting frame 131, a cam sprocket 132 and a seedling planting sprocket 133, wherein the pin shaft IV 126 and the pin shaft V130 are fixed on the seedling planting frame 131, the seedling planting frame 131 is installed on the frame 14, the hinge I118, the crank 125, the pin shaft IV 126, the connecting rod 127, the hinge IV 128, the rocker 129 and the pin shaft V130 form a crank rocker mechanism, the seedling planting sprocket 133 is fixedly connected with the crank 125, the crank 125 is fixed on the pin shaft IV 126, the crank 125 rotates around the pin shaft IV 126, the hinge I118 is fixed on the seedling planting barrel 117, the seedling planting sprocket 133 is connected with an, the transmission power plants the rotatory crank 125 that drives of seedling sprocket 133 and rotates, drives and plants a seedling section of thick bamboo 117 and makes the up-and-down motion, plants the seedling operation, plants a seedling section of thick bamboo 117 and is cylindric, and the lower extreme is the toper, and the toper part removes half, moves the shape of transplanting seedling mouth 111 and plants a seedling section of thick bamboo 117 and remove partial shape the same, moves the upper portion of transplanting seedling mouth 111 and fixes hinge 3 seat 112, removes partial upper portion at planting a seedling section of thick bamboo 117 and fixes hinge 113, hinge seat 112 with hinge 113 links to each other, moves seedling mouth 111 and can rotate around planting a seedling section of thick bamboo 117, makes the motion of opening and shutting, forms a complete toper together, and the seedling can not fall out in the inside, and the seedling just falls down when opening, and hinge 113, montant 114, round pin shaft 115, horizontal pole 116, hinge II 121, cam 122 and camshaft 123 constitute a cam rocker mechanism, cam sprocket 132 through chain drive mechanism 124 with, the power is transmitted, the cam chain wheel 132 is fixedly connected with the cam 122, the cam 122 is connected with the cam shaft 123, the cam 122 rotates around the cam shaft 123, the cam chain wheel 132 rotates to drive the cam 122 to rotate, the vertical rod 114 is driven to move up and down, the seedling transplanting nozzle 111 is driven to move in an opening and closing mode, and seedlings fall into holes formed by the seedling transplanting cylinder 117 inserted into soil.

Further, the soil covering mechanism 12 is fixed on the frame 14, is located behind the seedling planting device 11, and is composed of two round wheels and a support rod, wherein the two round wheels are installed to be inclined, the distance between the two round wheels is adjustable, the two round wheels are opposite to the position of the seedling planting point, the inclined two round wheels scrape soil around the seedling planting point to the root of the seedling to fix the seedling, the support rod is made into two sections, the lower section of the support rod is inserted into the upper section of the support rod, a plurality of holes are formed in the two sections of the support rod, and the height of the support rod is adjusted by inserting bolts into the.

Furthermore, a caster mechanism 13 is mounted on the frame 14, and two caster mechanisms are mounted on the frame and located behind the soil covering mechanism 12 for supporting the machine, each caster mechanism 13 is composed of a rubber wheel, a bearing and support columns, each support column is made into two sections, the lower support column is inserted into the upper support column, the two support columns are both provided with a plurality of holes, and the heights of the support columns are adjusted by inserting bolts into the holes.

Furthermore, the watering device 7 is arranged on the rack 14 and behind the seedling planting device 11, and consists of a water tank, an electric valve and a water pipe, wherein the water tank is made into a cylindrical shape, the bottom of the water tank is conical, the electric valve is connected to the bottom of the water tank, the outlet of the electric valve is connected with the water pipe, the water pipe extends to the seedling position, and the planted seedlings are watered.

Further, speed reducer 5 is installed in frame 14, one of them output shaft of speed reducer 5 with soil feeding mechanism 9 the vertical scroll 95 passes through the shaft coupling and links to each other, and the installation sprocket on another output shaft drives fertilizer injection unit 2 through the chain, and the mounted position of beating nest device 10 is adjustable, makes the distance between the nest point and the following seedling planting point equal to the distance that the machine gos forward when planting seedling device 11 and move a cycle, and is also a nest distance, and 18 drive ratios of derailleur are adjustable, and the speed of planting seedling device 11 and moving a cycle matches with the speed of machine walking, beat the nest and plant the seedling synchronous.

Further, the seat 15 is installed on the frame 14 for an operator to sit on, the controller 6 is installed on the frame 14 and is composed of a storage battery and an electric control box, according to the signal of the sensor 120, the opening or closing of an electric valve is controlled, the electric control box controls the operation of the electric vibrator 210 for supplying water to planted seedlings, the fertilizer box 201 is vibrated, and the fertilizer applying device 2 is prevented from being blocked.

The working principle is that fertilizer is loaded into the fertilizer application device 2 in the field which is ploughed as loose soil, clean water is loaded into the watering device 7, seedlings are placed on the machine for standby, a suspension part 1 of the machine is connected with a suspension part of a tractor, an output shaft of the tractor is connected with an input shaft of a speed reducer 5 by adopting a universal coupling, the height of a caster mechanism 13 is adjusted to a proper position, the adjusting hand wheel 204 is rotated to adjust the fertilizing amount, a groove is formed in the field by a ditching mechanism 8 in the advancing process of the machine, the speed reducer 5 drives the fertilizer application device 2 to operate, the fertilizer falls into a lower fertilizer shell 211 from a fertilizer box 201, falls into a fertilizer pipe 209 under the rotating action of a lower fertilizer blade 212 and flows into the groove, the fertilizer cannot be blocked, particularly, the organic fertilizer with poor fluidity is good in passing performance under the combined action of a stirring blade 203 and an electric vibrator 210, and the spring 4 performs, the output shaft of speed reducer 5 drives the rotation of the main shaft 96 that delivers soil mechanism 9, deliver soil toward the centre, form the ridge shape, cover fertilizer simultaneously, scrape the ridge top flat under scraper 16 effect, walking wheel 17 is at the in-process that advances, drive speed changer 18 through the chain, speed changer 18 drives and beats nest device 10 and plant seedling device 11, beat the nest on the ridge, put into seedling section of thick bamboo 117 by the manual work with the seedling, when planting seedling device 11 and inserting in soil, open to start seedling mouth 111 under the operation of cam 122, the seedling falls into soil, the nest distance of planting the seedling is decided by the external diameter of walking wheel 17 and the drive ratio from walking wheel 17 to beating nest device 10, for example: the walking wheel external diameter is 500mm, plants seedling nest spacing and is 400mm, and the drive ratio from walking wheel 17 to the output shaft of derailleur 18 is: 500 x 3.14 ÷ 400=3.925, the distance between the nest-making squids of the nest-making device 10 and the seedling-planting points of the seedling-planting device 11 is adjusted to 400 mm. The hole digging device 10 and the seedling planting device 11 move synchronously, when the seedling planting device 11 moves downwards, the baffle 119 triggers the sensor 120, the signal of the sensor 120 is sent to the controller 6, the electric valve of the watering device 7 is opened, the seedlings are watered to the roots, the watering amount is adjusted by the time relay of the controller 6, the soil covering mechanism 12 gathers the soil to the roots of the seedlings to be compressed, and the seedling planting is completed.

The above description is the preferred function implementation of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any modification and equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. Crop planting multifunctional integrated machine, characterized by: by flying piece, fertilizer injection unit, fertilization frame, spring, speed reducer, controller, the device that waters, ditching mechanism, soil feeding mechanism, the device of digging a pit, plant seedling device, earthing mechanism, truckle mechanism, frame, seat, scraper, walking wheel, derailleur and constitute, the functional sequence of realization is: ditching, fertilizing, conveying soil to form ridges, scraping the ridge tops, digging, planting seedlings, watering and covering soil, wherein a rack is a rectangular frame, a reinforcing beam is arranged in the middle of the rack, a travelling wheel is arranged at the front end of the rack, the travelling wheel is a steel wheel with teeth, a driving chain wheel is arranged on the travelling wheel, the driving chain wheel is connected with a transmission chain wheel by a chain to transmit power, the transmission is arranged on the rack and is close to a digging device, a hanging part is fixed at the front end of the rack, the hanging part is composed of three support legs and provided with three holes, the three holes are matched with three traction legs of a wheel type tractor, the hanging part is connected with the tractor during working, the ditching mechanism is a sharp-angle-shaped mechanism, the angle is 35-45; the fertilizer applying frame is fixed behind the ditching mechanism, a square frame made of a steel pipe is arranged on the frame, a spring is connected on the fertilizer applying frame, a fertilizer applying device is connected on the spring, the fertilizer applying device consists of a fertilizer box, a stirring shaft, stirring blades, an adjusting hand wheel, a lower fertilizer shaft, a stirring chain wheel, an adjusting shaft, a lower fertilizer chain wheel, a fertilizer pipe, an electric vibrator, a lower fertilizer shell, a lower fertilizer blade and an adjusting plate, the fertilizer box is square, the lower part of the fertilizer box is conical, the lower part of the fertilizer box is connected with the lower fertilizer shell, the stirring blades are in a strip block shape, the stirring blades are fixed on the stirring shaft, the stirring shaft is fixed in the fertilizer box by adopting a bearing, the stirring chain wheel is fixed on the stirring shaft and is used for transmitting power, the electric vibrator is arranged on the conical part of the fertilizer box, the adjusting plate is rectangular, the adjusting plate, the adjusting shaft extends out of the fertilizer box, the adjusting hand wheel is arranged at the tail end of the adjusting shaft, the adjusting hand wheel is rotated to adjust the falling amount of the fertilizer, the fertilizer discharging blades are rectangular, the fertilizer discharging blades are fixed on the fertilizer discharging shaft and are made into a plurality of fertilizer discharging blades which are evenly distributed on the circumference, the fertilizer discharging shaft is arranged in the fertilizer discharging shell by adopting bearings, the fertilizer discharging shell is cylindrical and horizontally arranged, square holes are processed at the upper part and the lower part for the inflow and the outflow of the fertilizer, certain gaps are kept between the fertilizer discharging blades and the inner wall of the fertilizer discharging shell, the fertilizer discharging blades and the inner wall of the fertilizer discharging shell do not collide when rotating, the fertilizer discharging shaft extends out of the fertilizer discharging shell and is provided with two fertilizer discharging chain wheels, one of the fertilizer discharging chain wheels is connected with a stirring chain wheel by adopting a chain to transmit power, the other discharging chain wheel is connected with a chain wheel on an output shaft of a speed reducer by adopting a, fertilizer falls into the opened ditch; the soil feeding mechanism is arranged behind the fertilizing frame, is arranged on the frame and is positioned below the frame, the soil feeding mechanism consists of a soil feeding cutter seat, a soil feeding cutter, a seat, a vertical shaft and a soil feeding main shaft, the seat is arranged on the frame, the vertical shaft is arranged in the seat by adopting a bearing, the vertical shaft transmits power to the soil feeding main shaft by adopting gear transmission, the soil feeding main shaft is arranged on the seat by adopting a bearing, the vertical shaft is vertically arranged with the soil feeding main shaft, the soil feeding cutter seat is used for installing the soil feeding cutter, the soil feeding cutter is a spiral blade and is made into a part of spiral with a screw pitch to form discontinuous blades and reduce power consumption, the soil feeding cutter seat is arranged on the soil feeding main shaft and is matched by adopting a square pipe, the dismounting is convenient, the spiral directions of the soil feeding cutters at two sides of the seat are opposite, fine soil is conveyed to the middle during rotation to form a ridge shape, and the soil scraping plate is a long plate, the soil scraping mechanism is arranged below the rack and behind the soil conveying mechanism and is used for scraping ridge shapes; the pit digging device is fixed below the rack and positioned behind the scraping plate, the pit digging device consists of a pit digging chain wheel, a pin shaft I, a crank I, a pin shaft II, a pit digging rod, a pit digging cutter, a hinge VI, a rocker I and a pin shaft III, the pin shaft I and the pin shaft III are fixed on the rack, the pin shaft I, the crank I, the pin shaft II, the hinge VI, the rocker I, the pin shaft III and the pit digging rod form a crank rocker mechanism, the pit digging cutter is fixed on the pit digging rod, the pit digging chain wheel is assembled on the pin shaft I, the pit digging chain wheel rotates around the pin shaft I, the pit digging chain wheel is fixedly connected with the crank I, the pit digging chain wheel is connected with an output shaft chain wheel of the speed changer by adopting a chain to transmit power, the pit digging chain wheel rotates to drive the crank I to rotate to drive the pit, digging a pit in the soil, wherein a pit digging cutter is made into the shape of a shovel, the part of the shovel, which is in contact with the soil, is circular, and the punched pit is circular; the seedling planting device comprises a movable seedling planting nozzle, a hinge seat, a hinge, a vertical rod, a pin shaft, a cross rod, a seedling planting barrel, a hinge I, a baffle plate, a sensor, a hinge II, a cam shaft, a chain transmission mechanism, a crank, a pin shaft IV, a connecting rod, a hinge IV, a rocker, a pin shaft V, a seedling planting frame, a cam chain wheel and a seedling planting chain wheel, wherein the pin shaft IV and the pin shaft V are fixed on the seedling planting frame, the seedling planting frame is arranged on the frame, the hinge I, the crank, the pin shaft IV, the connecting rod, the hinge IV, the rocker and the pin shaft V form a crank rocker mechanism, the seedling planting chain wheel is fixedly connected with the crank, the crank is fixed on the pin shaft IV, the hinge I is fixed on the seedling planting barrel, the seedling planting chain wheel is connected with an output shaft chain wheel of a speed changer by adopting a chain to transmit power, the seedling planting chain wheel, plant the seedling operation, plant a seedling section of thick bamboo for cylindric, the lower extreme is the toper, and the toper part removes half, moves the shape of transplanting the seedling mouth and plants a seedling section of thick bamboo and remove partial shape the same, moves the upper portion of transplanting the seedling mouth fixed hinge seat, it is fixed to remove partial upper portion planting a seedling section of thick bamboo the hinge, hinge seat with the hinge links to each other, moves the seedling mouth of transplanting and can rotate around planting a seedling section of thick bamboo, makes the motion of opening and shutting, forms a complete toper together, and the seedling can not fall out in the inside, and the seedling just falls when opening, hinge, montant, round pin axle, horizontal pole, hinge II, cam and camshaft constitute a cam rocker mechanism, and the cam sprocket passes through chain drive mechanism and plants seedling sprocket and is connected, transmits power, cam sprocket and cam fixed connection, cam and camshaft connection, the cam is rotatory around the camshaft, and the cam sprocket rotates, drives the cam rotation, drives, the seedling transplanting nozzle is driven to open and close, and seedlings fall into a hole formed by inserting the seedling transplanting cylinder into soil; the earthing mechanism is fixed on the rack, is positioned behind the seedling planting device and consists of two round wheels and a support rod, the two round wheels are installed to be inclined, the distance between the two round wheels can be adjusted, the two round wheels are opposite to the position of the seedling planting point, the inclined round wheels scrape soil around the seedling planting point to the root of the seedling to fix the seedling, the support rod is made into two sections, the lower section of the support rod is inserted into the upper section of the support rod, a plurality of holes are formed in the two sections of the support rod, and the height of the support rod is adjusted by inserting bolts into the holes; the caster mechanism is arranged on the rack, is provided with two parts, is positioned behind the soil covering mechanism and is used for supporting a machine, and consists of a rubber wheel, a bearing and support columns, each support column is made into two sections, the lower part of the support column is inserted into the upper part of the support column, the two parts are both provided with a plurality of holes, and the heights of the two parts are adjusted by inserting bolts into the holes; the watering device is arranged on the rack, is positioned behind the seedling planting device and consists of a water tank, an electric valve and a water pipe, wherein the water tank is made into a cylindrical shape, the bottom of the water tank is conical, the electric valve is connected to the bottom of the water tank, the outlet of the electric valve is connected with the water pipe, and the water pipe extends to the seedling position and waters the planted seedlings; the speed reducers are arranged on the rack, one output shaft of each speed reducer is connected with the vertical shaft of the soil feeding mechanism through a coupler, the other output shaft of each speed reducer is provided with a chain wheel, the fertilizing device is driven through a chain, the mounting position of the nest hitting device is adjustable, the distance between the nest hitting point and the following seedling planting point is equal to the advancing distance of the machine when the seedling planting device runs for one period, namely, one nest distance, the transmission ratio of the speed changer is adjustable, the speed of the seedling planting device running for one period is matched with the running speed of the machine, and the nest hitting and the seedling planting are synchronous; the seat is installed in the frame, supplies the operator to take advantage of the seat, the controller is installed in the frame, comprises domestic animal battery, electrical control box, according to the signal of sensor, controls electric valve's opening or closing, waters for the seedling of planting, and electrical control box control electric vibrator's operation makes the vibration of fertilizer case prevents that fertilizer injection unit from blockking up.

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