CN212841586U

CN212841586U - Miniaturized harmless medical waste thermal decomposition processing apparatus

Info

Publication number: CN212841586U
Application number: CN202020532413.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 贾辉
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-04-13
Filing date: 2020-04-13
Publication date: 2021-03-30
Anticipated expiration: 2030-04-13

Abstract

The utility model discloses a miniaturized harmless medical waste thermal decomposition processing device, which comprises an overheated steam generating device, an overheated steam pipeline, a processing groove, a heat exchanger, a deodorizing device, a drainage device, an exhaust pipeline and a control system, wherein the overheated steam generating device is connected with the processing groove through the overheated steam pipeline, the miniaturized harmless medical waste thermal decomposition processing device utilizes the characteristic that the overheated steam has large specific heat capacity and can transfer heat quickly, adopts the overheated steam as a medium to pyrolyze the medical waste, simultaneously realizes the functions of miniaturized equipment and in-situ treatment, has no harmless treatment, has low working environment requirement and no environmental protection problem, is miniaturized in design, is easy to install, does not occupy space, has low investment, low cost, thoroughly pyrolyzes, adopts electric heating, adopts the overheated steam as a medium, pyrolyzes fully, treats locally, has no transportation leakage infection and has low environmental condition requirement, the household power can be used.

Description

Miniaturized harmless medical waste thermal decomposition processing apparatus

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a medical waste handles technical field, specifically is a miniaturized harmless medical waste thermal decomposition processing apparatus.

Background

As the medical waste has the characteristics of direct infection, indirect infection and potential infection, the virus and the germ of the medical waste are dozens, hundreds or even thousands of times of the common waste in cities, and the quantity to be treated is larger and larger along with the increasing variety of the medical waste, the treatment of the medical waste is more and more important, stricter and more urgent.

The common treatment methods of medical waste at present include the following methods: 1. burying; 2. high-temperature high-pressure steam sterilization; 3. chemical disinfection; 4. high temperature burning; 5. pyrolysis.

Burying method: the method is used for burying the residues of the medical wastes after incineration treatment, and if no anti-seepage facility is made, harmful residues such as various toxic substances, pathogens, radioactive substances and the like can slowly permeate into the soil along with rainwater and finally enter human bodies through a food chain, so that the health of human beings is endangered.

High-temperature high-pressure sterilization method: the method is simple, convenient, quick, economical and easily accepted by the public, and the method utilizes high-temperature and high-pressure steam to kill germs, and has the defects that the garbage needs to be smashed in advance, harmful gas and liquid can flow out in the treatment process, and the weight of the garbage does not change greatly before and after the treatment.

Chemical disinfection method: the method is characterized in that disinfectant is added into medical garbage which is crushed in advance, and the medical garbage is soaked for a long time to achieve the disinfection effect, so that harmful gas and liquid can be generated in the treatment process, and the medical garbage is harmful to human bodies.

High-temperature burning method: incineration is a chemical process of degree of depth oxidation, and medical waste is through drying, the ignition in incineration equipment, burns three stage and is converted into residue and gas, though the treatment effect to rubbish is better, but has harmful flue gas residue and need do innocent treatment, need collect and transport rubbish simultaneously, therefore the cost is higher, and the environmental protection requirement is also strict.

High-temperature pyrolysis method: the method is a process of heating medical waste at high temperature under the condition of no oxygen or poor oxygen to convert organic matters with large molecular weight into combustible gas, liquid fuel and coke, the method needs to use fuel and an enlarged field, and simultaneously utilizes the fuel to heat air to decompose the treated object at high temperature, the pyrolysis effect is common, and the application of the method to the treatment of the medical waste is still in small-scale attempt at present.

The following problems can be seen by an analysis of several methods currently in use:

1. the cost is high;

2. the secondary pollution is high;

3. risk of leakage of ex-situ treated infectious trash;

4. the equipment has large volume and large floor area;

5. the treatment process has high requirements on the environment, chemical methods need medicaments, incineration and the current pyrolysis methods need fuels, and landfill methods need idle land;

6. the pyrolysis speed is slow, the current pyrolysis method is to heat air and then pyrolyze the processed substances, and the specific heat capacity of the air is relatively small, so that the pyrolysis speed and degree are both deficient;

7. the treatment of waste after thermal section is incomplete, wherein a burying method, a chemical treatment method and a burning method have a lot of residues, and a pyrolysis method also has residues due to incomplete pyrolysis;

8. the volume and weight change is not large before and after treatment.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the utility model is to provide a miniaturized harmless medical waste thermal decomposition processing apparatus to the medical waste treatment method who provides present application in solving above-mentioned background art exists with high costs, and secondary pollution nature is high, the infectious waste's of strange land processing risk of revealing, and equipment is bulky, and area is big, and the processing procedure requires the environment height, and the pyrolysis speed is slow, and the discarded object such as the waste behind the thermal center is not thorough, and volume and the little problem of weight change before the processing.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme: a miniaturized harmless medical waste thermal decomposition treatment device comprises a superheated steam generation device, a superheated steam pipeline, a treatment tank, a heat exchanger, a deodorization device, a drainage device, an exhaust pipeline and a control system, wherein the superheated steam generation device is connected with the treatment tank through the superheated steam pipeline, the treatment tank is connected with the drainage device through the exhaust pipeline, the heat exchanger and the deodorization device are arranged on the exhaust pipeline, and the control system is respectively in control connection with the superheated steam generation device, the treatment tank and the drainage device;

the processing tank comprises a shell, an overheated steam inlet, a feed opening, a pulverizer, a temperature sensor, an exhaust opening, a supporting plate, an electric shutoff valve and an outlet, wherein the feed opening is arranged on the left side of the top of the shell, the pulverizer is arranged above the feed opening, the temperature sensor is arranged at the middle position of the top of the shell, the exhaust opening is arranged on the right side of the top of the shell and connected with an exhaust pipeline, a plurality of supporting plates are arranged inside the shell, the outlet is arranged at the bottom of the shell, and the overheated steam inlet is connected with the overheated steam pipeline.

Preferably, the shell comprises an outer shell and an inner shell, and an insulating layer is arranged between the outer shell and the inner shell.

Preferably, a sealing ring is arranged at the joint of the temperature sensor and the shell.

Preferably, the inlet of the feeding port and the outlet of the exhaust port are both provided with electric shutoff valves, and the electric shutoff valves are electrically connected with the control system.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that: this miniaturized harmless medical waste thermal decomposition processing apparatus, utilize the characteristics that superheated steam heat transfer is fast than the heat capacity greatly, adopt superheated steam to carry out the pyrolysis as the medium to medical waste, realize miniaturized equipment simultaneously, the function of local treatment, innocent treatment, the operational environment requires lowly, no environmental protection problem, miniaturized design, easy installation, do not account for the space, the small investment, and is with low costs, the pyrolysis is thorough, adopt electric heating, superheated steam is as the medium, the pyrolysis is abundant, local treatment, infection is revealed in no transportation, the environmental condition requires lowly, civilian electricity can.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the treatment tank of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a graph of pyrolysis temperature.

In the figure: the system comprises a hot steam generating device 1, a superheated steam pipeline 101, a treatment tank 2, a shell 201, a superheated steam inlet 202, a feeding port 203, a crusher 204, a temperature sensor 205, an exhaust port 206, a supporting plate 207, an electric shutoff valve 208, an outlet 209, a heat exchanger 3, a deodorizing device 4, a drainage device 5, an exhaust pipeline 501 and a control system 6.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a technical solution: a miniaturized harmless medical waste thermal decomposition treatment device comprises a superheated steam generating device 1, a superheated steam pipeline 101, a treatment tank 2, a heat exchanger 3, a deodorization device 4, a drainage device 5, an exhaust pipeline 501 and a control system 6, wherein the superheated steam generating device 1 is connected with the treatment tank 2 through the superheated steam pipeline 101, the treatment tank 2 is connected with the drainage device 5 through the exhaust pipeline 501, the heat exchanger 3 and the deodorization device 4 are arranged on the exhaust pipeline 501, and the control system 6 is respectively in control connection with the superheated steam generating device 1, the treatment tank 2 and the drainage device 5;

the treatment tank 2 comprises a shell 201, an overheated steam inlet 202, a feed opening 203, a crusher 204, a temperature sensor 205, an exhaust opening 206, a support plate 207, an electric shutoff valve 208 and an outlet 209, wherein the feed opening 203 is arranged on the left side of the top of the shell 201, the crusher 204 is arranged above the feed opening 203, the temperature sensor 205 is arranged in the middle of the top of the shell 201, the exhaust opening 206 is arranged on the right side of the top of the shell 201, the exhaust opening 206 is connected with an exhaust pipeline 501, a plurality of support plates 207 are arranged inside the shell 201, the outlet 209 is arranged at the bottom of the shell 201, and the overheated steam inlet 202 is connected with the overheated steam pipeline.

Casing 201 contains shell and inner shell, and is provided with the heat preservation between shell and the inner shell, has better heat preservation effect, avoids the heat to run off.

The joint of the temperature sensor 205 and the shell 201 is provided with a sealing ring to ensure the air tightness of the shell 201.

An electric shutoff valve 208 is arranged at the inlet of the feeding port 203 and the outlet of the exhaust port 206, and the electric shutoff valve 208 is electrically connected with the control system 6.

The hot steam generating device 1 heats water into saturated steam of 100-120 ℃, then the saturated steam is continuously heated to generate superheated steam, the temperature of the superheated steam can reach 700 ℃, the temperature in the tank body of the treatment tank 2 can reach 500 ℃, the deodorization device 4 treats the generated harmful gas or grease, the treatment temperature and time can be set arbitrarily on a control screen of the control system 6, the temperature and abnormality can be represented, the setting of each set value can be realized automatically or manually, and the heat exchanger 3 can heat the normal temperature water by using the heat of the hot steam flowing out after pyrolysis, the decomposed smoke and the like to obtain hot water for washing.

Control screen display pyrolysis temperature profile as shown with reference to fig. 4: wherein, initial temperature T0: room temperature;

a pyrolysis temperature TR, wherein the pyrolysis time and temperature are designed according to the type and weight of the input medical waste;

pyrolysis time t1, which is the time from the starting temperature of the superheated steam introduced into the treatment tank to the temperature required for reaching the starting temperature of pyrolysis;

pyrolysis time t 2: the time required from the start of pyrolysis to the end of pyrolysis;

time t 3-cooling time until the pyrolysis reaction is completed to room temperature.

These temperature and time controls can be programmed.

A working process of a miniaturized harmless medical waste thermal decomposition treatment device comprises the following steps: the specific process comprises the following steps:

1. sorting of the waste (sorting out non-organic waste that is not processable);

2. crushing the sorted garbage, and increasing the heating area and the reaction speed of the pyrolyzed garbage;

3. throwing the crushed medical waste;

4. closing the sealed feeding port 203 and sending an overheat steam generation instruction;

5. inputting superheated steam into the treatment tank 2, inputting treatment programs (treatment time of different types of garbage and garbage with different weights), and automatically starting a pyrolysis reaction process according to a heating curve program;

6. the temperature sensor 205 operates under program control;

7. after pyrolysis occurs, an instruction is sent to the electric shutoff valve 208 according to a program, and the valve is opened to exhaust;

8. exhaust treatment, namely treating the waste gas generated in the pyrolysis by using a waste gas treatment device;

9. the heat exchanger 3 is used for carrying out non-contact heat exchange on flue gas hot steam and the like after pyrolysis and waste gas treatment, and clean hot water returns to the superheated steam generating device 1;

10. and (5) recovering condensed water, purifying and emptying air.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a miniaturized harmless medical waste thermal decomposition processing apparatus, includes superheated steam generating device (1), superheated steam pipeline (101), treatment tank (2), heat exchanger (3), deodorizing device (4), drainage device (5), exhaust duct (501) and control system (6), its characterized in that: the superheated steam generating device (1) is connected with the treatment tank (2) through a superheated steam pipeline (101), the treatment tank (2) is connected with the drainage device (5) through an exhaust pipeline (501), a heat exchanger (3) and a deodorization device (4) are arranged on the exhaust pipeline (501), and the control system (6) is respectively in control connection with the superheated steam generating device (1) and the drainage device (5).

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus further comprises: the treatment tank (2) comprises a shell (201), a superheated steam inlet (202), a feed port (203), a crusher (204), a temperature sensor (205), an exhaust port (206), a support plate (207), an electric shutoff valve (208) and an outlet (209), wherein the feed port (203) is arranged on the left side of the top of the shell (201), the crusher (204) is arranged above the feed port (203), the temperature sensor (205) is arranged at the middle position of the top of the shell (201), the exhaust port (206) is arranged on the right side of the top of the shell (201), the exhaust port (206) is connected with an exhaust pipeline (501), the support plates (207) are arranged inside the shell (201), the outlet (209) is arranged at the bottom of the shell (201), and the superheated steam inlet (202) is connected with the superheated steam pipeline (101).

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the apparatus further comprises: the shell (201) comprises an outer shell and an inner shell, and a heat insulation layer is arranged between the outer shell and the inner shell.

4. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the apparatus further comprises: and a sealing ring is arranged at the joint of the temperature sensor (205) and the shell (201).

5. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the apparatus further comprises: electric shutoff valves (208) are arranged at the inlet of the feeding port (203) and the outlet of the exhaust port (206), and the electric shutoff valves (208) are electrically connected with the control system (6).