CN212810843U - Ytterbium-doped fiber laser oscillator using specific wavelength band for pumping - Google Patents
Ytterbium-doped fiber laser oscillator using specific wavelength band for pumping Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Adopt the utility model discloses a laser instrument can realize the higher light-to-light conversion efficiency of conventional pumping modes such as 915nm, 940nm, 976nm than current when adopting the same fiber laser, has less quantum loss, the utility model discloses a laser instrument is than the higher SRS threshold value of current 1018nm pumping mode. The TMI threshold can be higher than that of the conventional pumping mode; through central wavelength optimization, a TMI threshold higher than that obtained by a 976nm pumping mode and an SRS threshold higher than those obtained by 915nm, 940nm and 976nm pumping modes are achieved, and the laser output power under the current pumping mode is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the fiber laser field, in particular to use ytterbium-doped fiber laser oscillator of specific wavelength band pumping.
Background
The fiber laser, as a representative of a new-generation laser, has the advantages of compact structure, high conversion efficiency, good beam quality, convenient thermal management and the like, and has been rapidly developed and applied in the fields of industrial manufacturing, scientific research and the like in recent years. In the process of light conversion, a gain medium (gain fiber) of the fiber laser realizes upper-level population inversion by absorbing pump light, and realizes output and amplification of signal laser in a stimulated radiation mode. The energy difference between the absorbed and emitted photons determines the quantum defect of the fiber laser, and the energy of these losses is converted into heat which is dissipated in the fiber. According to the doping ion characteristics of different gain optical fibers, different gain media correspond to different absorption curves and emission curves, and corresponding pump light wavelength and emission laser wavelength are determined. Because of the special performance of ytterbium ions, the ytterbium-doped fiber has great advantages in the aspect of high-power fiber lasers, and is the first choice of the high-power fiber lasers at present. With the expansion of the application field, the requirement on the output power of the ytterbium-doped fiber laser is higher and higher. However, in the actual laser development process, the laser power increase is severely hindered by the Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS) effect and the Transverse Mode Instability (TMI) effect. Among the many factors that affect the SRS and TMI effects of fiber lasers, the pump wavelength is one of the more critical. At present, the ytterbium-doped fiber laser mainly has two pumping modes, one is a high-brightness-based fiber coupling semiconductor Laser (LD) pumping mode, and generally pumping is performed by adopting an LD with a central wavelength of 976nm matched with a peak value of an absorption section of the ytterbium-doped fiber, or pumping is performed by adopting an LD with a central wavelength of 915nm and 940nm with a relatively flat absorption section; another pumping method is to use a fiber laser with higher brightness as a pumping source, and in this scheme, the wavelength of the fiber laser which is currently used as the pumping source is 1018 nm. In consideration of the absorption characteristics of ytterbium-doped fiber and the actual LD manufacturing process, there are no reports of LDs with a wavelength band of 100W or more for laser pumping of ytterbium-doped fiber.
In an ytterbium-doped fiber laser, the threshold of the SRS is inversely proportional to the length of the gain fiber, the longer the gain fiber, the stronger the SRS, and the lower the laser output power. In the process of developing the fiber laser, under the condition of the same fiber parameters, because the absorption coefficients of the ytterbium-doped fiber to 915nm and 940nm wave bands are lower (generally, the absorption coefficient of the fiber near 915nm is about 1/3 near 976nm, and the absorption coefficient near 940nm is about 1/4 near 976 nm), when the 915nm and 940nm LD pump fiber laser is adopted, the required gain fiber length is greater than the 976nm LD pump condition, the SRS threshold of the fiber laser is lower, and the power of the laser is influenced to be improved; on the other hand, for the mode of 1018nm fiber laser pumping, under the same fiber core size, because the absorption coefficient of the ytterbium-doped fiber at 1018nm is about 1/6 or 1/18 of the absorption coefficient of the LD of 915nm/976nm band, the required gain fiber length is longer than that of 915nm and 940nm pumping, and the SRS threshold value is lower. In addition, in the ytterbium-doped fiber laser, the TMI effect is in direct proportion to the heat in the unit length of the gain fiber, and when the LD of 976nm is adopted as the pumping source of the ytterbium-doped fiber, the absorption coefficient of the gain fiber at the position of 976nm is about 3-4 times of the absorption coefficient of the 915nm and 940nm wave bands, so that the heat load of the unit length of the gain fiber is higher than 915nm, and the TMI threshold of the 976nm pump fiber laser is lower than that of the 915nm pump fiber laser. Therefore, in the current pumping scheme, the optical fiber lasers of 1018nm cascade pumping and 915nm/940nm LD pumping are mainly limited by SRS effect; the 976nm LD pumped fiber laser is mainly limited by TMI effect, which makes the fiber laser power increase more difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
Consider current pumping scheme problem, the utility model discloses in doping ytterbium optic fibre absorption/emission curve within range, through the suppression of having considered TMI effect, SRS effect comprehensively, preferred a pumping wavelength that can balance TMI effect and SRS effect, realize the further promotion of fiber laser power and efficiency.
The utility model provides an use ytterbium-doped fiber laser oscillator of specific wavelength band pumping, including specific wavelength band optical pumping source (11), optical pumping beam combiner (12), high reflection fiber grating (13), ytterbium-doped fiber (14), low reflection fiber grating (15), cladding light filter (16), fiber cap (17), wherein the laser of pumping source output inject into ytterbium-doped fiber through optical pumping beam combiner; the high-reflection fiber grating, the ytterbium-doped fiber and the low-reflection fiber grating which are connected in sequence form a resonant cavity, and the output side of the low-reflection fiber grating is connected with a cladding light filter and a fiber cap in sequence; the ytterbium-doped fiber is excited to output laser oscillation with the central wavelength of 1020-; the optical fiber pumping beam combiner is connected in series between the grating and the ytterbium-doped optical fiber; the method is characterized in that: the pumping source adopts a high-brightness light source with the central wavelength of 978nm-1010nm and the spectral width of 3dB of 0.01-50 nm. After the laser carries out wavelength selection through the high-reflection fiber grating and the low-reflection fiber grating, the laser with the preset wavelength is output; and the laser output is subjected to beam expansion output by an optical fiber cap after being filtered by a cladding light filter.
Preferably, the center wavelength of the reflection spectrum of the fiber grating is 1020 nm-1150 nm.
The utility model also provides an ytterbium-doped fiber laser amplifier using the specific wavelength band pump, which comprises a specific wavelength band optical pump source (11), an optical fiber pump combiner (12), a cladding light filter (16), an optical fiber cap (17), a seed source (18) and a mode field matcher (19); the ytterbium-doped fiber laser amplifier is composed of a seed source, a mode field matcher, a fiber pump combiner, a cladding light filter and a fiber cap which are connected in sequence; (19) the laser output by the seed source determines the wavelength of the laser output by the ytterbium-doped fiber laser amplifier, and the mode field matcher is used for adapting the mode field of the seed source and the amplifier fiber; the laser output by the pump source is injected into the ytterbium-doped fiber through the fiber pump beam combiner; the ytterbium-doped optical fiber performs power amplification on the laser output of the seed source; the optical fiber pumping beam combiner is connected in series with one side or two sides of the ytterbium-doped optical fiber; the method is characterized in that: the pump source adopts a high-brightness light source with the central wavelength of 978-1010nm and the spectral width of 3dB of 0.01-50nm, and realizes the amplification output of laser with the central wavelength of about 1020-1150nm, and the laser output by the ytterbium-doped fiber laser amplifier is expanded and output by a fiber cap after the cladding light is filtered by a cladding light filter.
Preferably, the center wavelength of the seed source is 1060-1090nm, and the output power is 10-1000W.
Further, the pumping structure is a forward pumping structure, a backward pumping structure or a bidirectional pumping structure.
Further, the output laser of the ytterbium-doped fiber laser oscillator or the ytterbium-doped fiber laser amplifier is a continuous laser or a pulse laser, and the pulse width of the pulse laser is 1 ns-100 fs.
Furthermore, the pump source comprises a semiconductor laser, a fiber laser and a solid laser; the output laser of the pumping source is continuous laser, quasi-continuous laser or pulse laser.
Preferably, the semiconductor laser includes a wavelength stabilized semiconductor laser and a wavelength unstable semiconductor laser.
Furthermore, the structure of the ytterbium-doped optical fiber comprises a fiber core, an inner cladding and a coating layer; the inner cladding structure comprises a single cladding, a double cladding or a triple cladding, the diameter of the inner cladding is 50-2000 microns, and the numerical aperture is 0.12-0.6; the diameter of the fiber core of the ytterbium-doped optical fiber is 3-1000 microns, and the numerical aperture is 0.03-0.30; the cladding stripper can couple the residual pump light in the inner cladding of the optical fiber and the signal light in the inner cladding to the outside of the cladding; the optical fiber cap realizes beam expanding output of output laser by welding the glass conical rod on the end face of the optical fiber.
Adopt the utility model discloses a laser instrument, when adopting the same optical fiber parameter to carry out the laser instrument design, can reach following technological effect:
1. the optical-to-optical conversion efficiency is higher than that of the conventional pumping modes such as 915nm, 940nm and 976 nm: the utility model discloses a pumping wavelength is between 978-doped 1010nm, and the distance from laser emission wave band 1030-doped 1150nm is closer than 915nm, 940nm, 976nm, has less quantum loss, can realize higher light-to-light conversion efficiency.
2. Higher SRS threshold can be achieved than with the existing 1018nm pumping: because the absorption coefficient of ytterbium-doped fiber decreases monotonically at 978-1030nm, the utility model discloses a pump wavelength 978-1010nm has higher absorption coefficient than 1018nm, and the required fiber length of laser is shorter, therefore the fiber laser based on this scheme design has higher SRS threshold.
3. A higher TMI threshold can be achieved than with the existing 976nm conventional pumping: as the absorption section of the ytterbium-doped fiber is monotonically decreased at 978-1010nm, and the absorption coefficient of the 978-1010nm band is smaller than 976nm, the higher TMI threshold can be realized compared with the existing 976nm pumping mode.
4. Through the optimization of the central wavelength, a TMI threshold higher than that obtained by a 976nm pumping mode and an SRS threshold higher than those obtained by 915nm, 940nm and 976nm pumping modes are expected to be simultaneously realized, and the laser output power under the current pumping mode is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an absorption curve and typical pump wavelength location for an ytterbium-doped fiber;
FIG. 2 illustrates the optimized pumping wavelength range of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a comparison of temperature characteristics of cores of ytterbium-doped fibers at 976nm and 990nm pumping under the same conditions;
FIG. 4 is a comparison of the output spectra of 990nm and 1018nm pump amplifiers under the same conditions;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an ytterbium-doped fiber oscillator for dual-end pumping of a laser with special wavelength;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a special wavelength laser double-end pumped ytterbium-doped fiber amplifier.
Reference numbers in the figures:
11-pumping source, 12-optical fiber pumping combiner, 13-high reflection fiber grating, 14-ytterbium-doped fiber, 15-low reflection fiber grating, 16-cladding light stripper, 17-fiber end cap, 18-seed source and 19-mode field adapter.
Detailed Description
In the ytterbium-doped fiber laser, the SRS effect and the TMI effect are the most important factors affecting the laser output power.
Wherein the SRS effect is thresholded at
As can be seen from the equation (1), the SRS threshold and Raman gain g in the fiber laserREffective mode field area A of optical fibereffAnd effective interaction length LeffAnd (6) determining. When laser is designed using the same type of optical fiber, gRAnd AeffThe same; when a laser is designed by considering pump sources with different wavelengths, it is generally ensured that the total absorption coefficients of the gain fiber to the pump light are equivalent, and then the effective interaction length L is made due to different lengths of the used gain fiber because the absorption coefficients corresponding to different pump wavelengths are differenteffDifferent, resulting in different thresholds for SRS. If the gain fiber length is simply used as the effective interaction length for estimation, the normalized SRS thresholds of the fiber lasers for several typical pump wavelengths are shown in table 1. It can be seen that the SRS threshold is lowest with 1018nm pumping and highest with 976nm pumping. Therefore, in principle, a pump source corresponding to a wavelength having a large absorption coefficient should be selected in order to suppress SRS.
TABLE 1 desired fiber length and SRS threshold for several typical pump wavelengths (same type of fiber)
However, practical laser power boosting is also limited by TMI effects. Theories and experiments show that the TMI effect is positively correlated with the heat generated at various locations inside the gain fiber, and in the fiber core, the heat source can be described as:
where Q is heat, N0To dope the particle concentration, vpV and vsFor the pump light and signal light frequencies, σapAnd σepFor pump light absorption emission cross section, nuIs the upper level population ratio, Pp(r, z) is the pump light power, ApFor transmitting the inner cladding area, alpha, of the pump lights(r) is the signal light absorption loss coefficient, Is(r, z) is signal intensity.
In the current theoretical model, a general expression of the heat is described by equation (2). To consider the correlation between the pump cladding absorption coefficient, a parameter commonly used in the practical design of lasers, we consider
Performing variable substitution to obtain heat as follows:
here, λsAnd λpFor the pump and signal light wavelengths, betap(λ) is the absorption coefficient of the pump light, k0Is constant 4.34, ΓpThe fill factor is pumped. The formula shows that the heat in the ytterbium-doped fiber laser is not only related to quantum loss, but also related to the cladding absorption coefficient beta of the pump lightp(λ) is positively correlated, i.e. with the absorption emission cross section. Therefore, to increase the TMI threshold, the heat in the fiber must be reduced, and on the other hand, the pump suction can be reducedAnd (4) receiving the coefficient. Both aspects are related to the wavelength selection of the pump source. Therefore, a 978-1010nm pump source is preferable, which can improve the quantum efficiency on one hand and can improve the mode instability threshold by reducing the pump absorption coefficient on the other hand.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 6.
Fig. 1 shows the absorption curve of the ytterbium-doped fiber 14 versus typical pump wavelength positions, showing that the absorption curve of the ytterbium-doped fiber 14 includes two absorption peaks, located around 915nm and 976nm, respectively. Common pump wavelengths 915nm, 940nm, 976nm and 1018nm are labeled, with 976nm pump providing the maximum absorption coefficient, and the shortest fiber length required compared to other wavelengths, theoretically achieving the highest SRS threshold. But because of the more concentrated heat, the TMI threshold is also lower. In contrast, 915nm, 940nm, and 1018nm pump wavelengths have a more uniform thermal profile due to a smaller absorption coefficient and a higher TMI threshold, but require longer fibers, resulting in a lower SRS threshold.
Fig. 2 shows the optimized pump wavelength position of the present invention. The optimized wavelength is in the range of 978nm-1010nm, the wavelength of the pump source in the wave band is closer to the wavelength of the output laser, higher conversion efficiency can be provided than that of the pump sources of 976nm and 915nm, and meanwhile, due to the fact that the absorption coefficient is proper, the heat distribution in the optical fiber is more uniform than that of the pump sources of 976nm, and a higher TMI threshold value can be provided.
FIG. 3 is a comparison of the temperature characteristics of cores of ytterbium-doped fibers pumped at 976nm and 990nm under the same conditions. 990nm belongs to the optimized pumping wavelength range of the present invention. The simulation result shows, under the condition of the same optical fiber type, the same pumping power and the same optical fiber length, the utility model provides a lower and more even temperature characteristic of distribution can be realized to the scheme.
FIG. 4 shows a comparison of SRS properties in the output spectra of 1018nm and 990nm pump amplifiers under the same conditions. 990nm belongs to the optimized pumping wavelength range of the present invention. Simulation results show, under the circumstances such as the same optical fiber type, the same pumping power and the same absorption capacity, the utility model discloses a lower SRS than 1018nm pumping scheme can be realized to the scheme.
Fig. 5 is a method for pumping an ytterbium-doped fiber oscillator based on a special wavelength laser, which includes a pump source 11, a fiber pump combiner 12, a high-reflectivity fiber grating 13, a ytterbium-doped fiber 14, a low-reflectivity fiber grating 15, a cladding filter 16, and a fiber end cap 17. The pumping source 11 is a preferred special wavelength pumping source, the central wavelength is 978 nm-1100 nm, and the 3dB bandwidth is 0.01nm-50 nm. Laser output by a pumping source 11 is injected into an ytterbium-doped fiber 14 through a fiber pumping combiner 12, a high-reflection fiber grating 13, the ytterbium-doped fiber 14 and a low-reflection fiber grating 15 form a resonant cavity, and the central wavelengths of the high-reflection grating and the low-reflection grating are located near 1070 nm. The pumping light is converted into signal light under the action of stimulated radiation amplification in the resonant cavity, and the high-power fiber laser passes through the cladding light filter 16 and is output after being expanded by the fiber end cap 17.
Fig. 6 shows a method for pumping an ytterbium-doped fiber amplifier based on a special wavelength laser, which includes a seed source 18, a mode field adapter 19, a pump source 11, a fiber pump combiner 12, a ytterbium-doped fiber 14, a cladding filter 16, and a fiber end cap 17. The central wavelength of the seed source 18 is located near 1070nm, the output power is 50W-1000W, the pump source 11 is a preferred special wavelength pump source, the central wavelength is located 978 nm-1100 nm, and the 3dB bandwidth is 0.01nm-50 nm. The signal laser output by the seed source 18 and the laser output by the pump source 11 are injected into the ytterbium-doped fiber through the mode field adapter 19 and the fiber pump combiner 12. The signal laser is amplified after passing through the ytterbium-doped fiber 14, and the amplified high-power fiber laser passes through a cladding light filter 16 to filter out redundant pump light and signal light in the cladding and is finally output from a fiber end cap 17.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention and are not limited, and although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the above preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An ytterbium-doped fiber laser oscillator using specific wavelength band pumping comprises a specific wavelength band optical pumping source (11), an optical fiber pumping combiner (12), a high-reflection fiber grating (13), a ytterbium-doped fiber (14), a low-reflection fiber grating (15), a cladding light filter (16) and a fiber cap (17), wherein laser output by the pumping source is injected into the ytterbium-doped fiber through the optical fiber pumping combiner; the high-reflection fiber grating, the ytterbium-doped fiber and the low-reflection fiber grating which are connected in sequence form a resonant cavity, and the output side of the low-reflection fiber grating is connected with a cladding light filter and a fiber cap in sequence; the ytterbium-doped fiber is excited to output laser oscillation with the central wavelength of 1020-; the optical fiber pumping beam combiner is connected in series between the grating and the ytterbium-doped optical fiber; the method is characterized in that: the pumping source adopts a high-brightness light source with the central wavelength of 978-1010nm and the 3dB spectral width of 0.01-50nm, and the laser outputs the laser with the preset wavelength after the wavelength selection is carried out on the laser through the high-reflection fiber grating and the low-reflection fiber grating; and the laser output is subjected to beam expansion output by an optical fiber cap after being filtered by a cladding light filter.
2. The ytterbium-doped fiber laser oscillator of claim 1, wherein: the central wavelength of the reflection spectrum of the fiber grating is 1020 nm-1150 nm.
3. The ytterbium-doped fiber laser oscillator of claim 1, wherein: the pumping structure is a forward pumping structure, a backward pumping structure or a bidirectional pumping structure.
4. The ytterbium-doped fiber laser oscillator of claim 1, wherein: the output laser of the ytterbium-doped fiber laser oscillator is continuous laser or pulse laser.
5. The ytterbium-doped fiber laser oscillator of claim 4, wherein a pulse width of the pulse-type laser is 10fs to 500 ms.
6. The ytterbium-doped fiber laser oscillator of claim 1, wherein: the pumping source comprises a semiconductor laser, a fiber laser and a solid laser; the output laser of the pumping source is continuous laser, quasi-continuous laser or pulse laser.
7. The ytterbium-doped fiber laser oscillator of claim 6, wherein: the semiconductor laser comprises a wavelength stabilizing semiconductor laser and a wavelength unstable semiconductor laser.
8. The ytterbium-doped fiber laser oscillator of claim 1, wherein: the structure of the ytterbium-doped optical fiber comprises a fiber core, an inner cladding and a coating layer; the inner cladding structure comprises a single cladding, a double cladding or a triple cladding, the diameter of the inner cladding is 50-2000 microns, and the numerical aperture is 0.12-0.6; the diameter of the fiber core of the ytterbium-doped optical fiber is 3-1000 microns, and the numerical aperture is 0.03-0.30; the cladding light filter can couple the residual pump light in the inner cladding of the optical fiber and the signal light in the inner cladding to the outside of the cladding; the optical fiber cap realizes beam expanding output of output laser by welding the glass conical rod on the end face of the optical fiber.
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| CN113866123A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-12-31 | 中国海洋大学 | Detection device and detection method for carbon dioxide dissolved in degassing-free water |
| WO2023047000A1 (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2023-03-30 | Universitat De València | Pumping system for high-power holmium-doped optic fibre laser |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113866123A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-12-31 | 中国海洋大学 | Detection device and detection method for carbon dioxide dissolved in degassing-free water |
| CN113866123B (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2023-11-24 | 中国海洋大学 | Degassing-free underwater dissolved carbon dioxide detection device and detection method |
| WO2023047000A1 (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2023-03-30 | Universitat De València | Pumping system for high-power holmium-doped optic fibre laser |
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