CN108649415B - Thulium-doped optical fiber laser amplifier - Google Patents

Thulium-doped optical fiber laser amplifier Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108649415B
CN108649415B CN201810466010.2A CN201810466010A CN108649415B CN 108649415 B CN108649415 B CN 108649415B CN 201810466010 A CN201810466010 A CN 201810466010A CN 108649415 B CN108649415 B CN 108649415B
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thulium
wavelength division
laser amplifier
fiber
source
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CN108649415A (en
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钟亥哲
杨建龙
李瑛�
戴达华
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Shenzhen University
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Shenzhen University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/067Fibre lasers
    • H01S3/06708Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/067Fibre lasers
    • H01S3/06708Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
    • H01S3/06716Fibre compositions or doping with active elements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/067Fibre lasers
    • H01S3/06754Fibre amplifiers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/09Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
    • H01S3/091Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
    • H01S3/094Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
    • H01S3/094003Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light the pumped medium being a fibre
    • H01S3/094007Cladding pumping, i.e. pump light propagating in a clad surrounding the active core

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a thulium-doped fiber laser amplifier, which comprises a pumping source, a wavelength division multiplexer, a thulium-doped fiber and a wavelength division demultiplexer, wherein the thulium-doped fiber is of a double-cladding structure, 2 mu m signal light emitted by a signal source enters the laser amplifier from the outside, enters the wavelength division multiplexer together with the pumping light emitted by the pumping source, is coupled by the wavelength division multiplexer and then is transmitted to the wavelength division demultiplexer by the thulium-doped fiber, the thulium-doped fiber absorbs the pumping light and amplifies the signal light in the transmission process, and the wavelength division demultiplexer outputs the residual pumping light and the amplified signal light. It should be understood that the thulium-doped fiber in the laser amplifier provided by the present invention has a double-cladding structure, which is easy to obtain higher coupling efficiency, and the long fiber is used as the gain medium, which can suppress the ASE noise in the fiber laser amplifier, and in cooperation with a suitable pump source (793nm), can reduce the absorption of the gain fiber to the short wavelength region (<1900nm) signal light on the premise of suppressing the ASE noise, thereby realizing the effective amplification of the wide bandwidth 2 μm signal light.

Description

Thulium-doped optical fiber laser amplifier
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser, in particular to a thulium-doped optical fiber laser amplifier.
Background
At present, the laser sources capable of directly obtaining high-efficiency laser output from solid-state lasers are mainly focused on 800nm, 1 μm, 1.5 μm and 2 μm. The 2 μm wavelength is just in the absorption peak of water molecules, and also covers a plurality of molecular fingerprint spectrums, so the wide-bandwidth 2 μm laser has wide application prospect in the aspects of medical treatment and biological research, and is very suitable for multi-Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) in the field of optical communication. In view of the wide application of 2 μm lasers in various fields, 2 μm fiber lasers and amplifiers have gained widespread attention in recent years.
The conventional fiber laser amplifier can suppress ASE (Amplified Spontaneous Emission) noise during laser amplification by increasing the length of the fiber, but since the short wavelength region of the 2 μm broadband laser is just in the absorption spectrum of the thulium-doped fiber, increasing the length of the fiber can provide additional gain for the long wavelength region of the 2 μm broadband laser, but also can increase the absorption of the short wavelength region by the gain fiber, thereby narrowing the gain bandwidth of the laser amplifier.
Technical personnel provide various methods for optimizing the gain bandwidth of a laser amplifier, but the methods are complex and require many additional components, so that a laser amplifier which can use a gain fiber long enough to realize the inhibition of ASE and can keep a good gain bandwidth is needed to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a thulium-doped fiber laser amplifier, aiming at solving the technical problems of inhibiting ASE (amplified spontaneous emission) noise in the laser amplification process by increasing the length of a fiber and keeping better gain bandwidth.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a thulium doped fiber laser amplifier, which includes a pump source, a wavelength division multiplexer, a thulium doped fiber, and a wavelength division demultiplexer; the thulium-doped optical fiber is of a double-cladding structure and adopts a cladding pumping technology; the first end of the wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the wavelength division demultiplexer through a thulium-doped optical fiber;
2 μm signal light emitted by the signal source enters the laser amplifier from the outside and is incident to the wavelength division multiplexer together with the pump light emitted by the pump source;
the wavelength division multiplexer couples the pump light and the 2 μm signal light, then inputs the coupled pump light and the 2 μm signal light into the thulium-doped optical fiber, and transmits the coupled pump light and the coupled 2 μm signal light to the wavelength division demultiplexer, and in the transmission process, the thulium-doped optical fiber absorbs the pump light and amplifies the 2 μm signal light;
the wavelength division demultiplexer outputs the remaining pump light and the amplified 2 μm signal light.
Optionally, the wavelength of the pump light output by the pump source is one of 793nm, 1053nm and 1550 nm.
Optionally, the thulium ion concentration of the thulium-doped optical fiber is 8.4 × 1025/m3
Optionally, the power range of the pumping source is 0.5-3.5W.
Optionally, the power range of the signal source is-20 dBm to 10 dBm.
Optionally, the core diameter range of the thulium-doped optical fiber is 9-12 μm, the cladding diameter range is 80-250 μm, and the numerical aperture range is 0.12-0.14.
Optionally, the laser amplifier further includes a signal source, the signal source and the pump source are respectively connected to the second end and the third end of the wavelength division multiplexer, and the 2 μm signal light emitted by the signal source and the pump light emitted by the pump source are respectively incident to the wavelength division multiplexer through the second end and the third end of the wavelength division multiplexer.
Advantageous effects
The invention provides a thulium-doped fiber laser amplifier, which comprises a pumping source, a wavelength division multiplexer, a thulium-doped fiber and a wavelength division demultiplexer, wherein the thulium-doped fiber is of a double-cladding structure, a cladding pumping technology is adopted, and the first end of the wavelength division multiplexer is connected with one end of the wavelength division demultiplexer through the thulium-doped fiber; the method comprises the steps that 2 mu m signal light emitted by a signal source enters a laser amplifier from the outside and enters a wavelength division multiplexer together with pump light emitted by a pump source, the wavelength division multiplexer couples the pump light and the 2 mu m signal light, the coupled pump light and the 2 mu m signal light are input into a thulium-doped optical fiber and are transmitted to a wavelength division demultiplexer through the thulium-doped optical fiber, the thulium-doped optical fiber absorbs the pump light and amplifies the 2 mu m signal light in the transmission process, and the wavelength division demultiplexer outputs the residual pump light and the amplified 2 mu m signal light. It should be understood that the thulium-doped fiber in the laser amplifier provided by the present invention has a double-cladding structure, and the cladding pumping is adopted to easily obtain higher coupling efficiency, compared with the fiber core pumping, the absorption coefficient of the cladding pumping is lower, and a longer gain fiber is generally required, and the long fiber is used as the gain medium, so that the ASE noise in the fiber laser amplifier can be just suppressed. Although the increase of the fiber length of the 2 μm broadband thulium-doped fiber laser amplifier can suppress ASE, the increase of the fiber length results in a more severe absorption in the short wavelength region of the 2 μm broadband signal light, which leads to a narrowing of the gain bandwidth. By matching with a proper pump source (793nm), the laser amplifier provided by the invention can reduce the absorption of the gain fiber to the short-wavelength region (<1900nm) of the gain fiber under the premise of inhibiting ASE noise, and realizes the effective amplification of 2 mu m broadband signal light.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a gain spectrum obtained by a fiber core pumped thulium-doped fiber laser amplifier based on gain fibers of different lengths;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a thulium-doped fiber laser amplifier according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cladding pumping mode adopted by the thulium-doped fiber laser amplifier according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another structure of a thulium-doped fiber laser amplifier according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows Tm in silica fiber3+Energy level map of (a);
FIG. 6 shows Tm in silica fiber3+Absorption and emission cross-section spectra of (a);
fig. 7 shows gain spectra obtained by the thulium-doped fiber laser amplifier provided by the present invention when 793nm and 1550nm lasers are used as pump light.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows simulation experiment results of TDFA (Thulium-Doped Fiber Amplifier) pumped by Fiber core, specifically TDFA gain spectra obtained by gain fibers with different lengths (1m-5m), where Fiber core and cladding diameters of the Fiber used in the experiment are 5 μm and 125 μm, respectively, and the numerical aperture NA is 0.26, and in the experiment, the laser Amplifier adopts an in-band pumping mode (i.e., 1550nm laser is used as pump light), the pump light power is 0.3W, and the signal light power is-20 dBm. From the experimental results, it is known that as the length of the optical fiber increases, the transmission loss of the optical fiber increases, and the gain decreases for almost all wavelengths of the signal light. Among them, the gain of a short wavelength (<1900nm) laser decreases more significantly than that of a long wavelength laser because TDF (Thulium-Doped Fiber) absorbs shorter wavelength laser light more strongly. While the TDFA gain tends to increase gradually around 2 μm, and the 2m-5m fiber has a gain exceeding 1m in the long wavelength region.
It can be seen that the use of a sufficiently long gain fiber can not only suppress ASE noise, but also provide additional gain for the long wavelength region of 2 μm broadband signal light, but this causes strong absorption to the short wavelength region thereof, and further causes a narrowing of the gain bandwidth, so how to suppress ASE noise during laser amplification by increasing the length of the fiber, and can keep a good gain bandwidth is a technical problem to be solved urgently by the 2 μm broadband fiber laser amplifier.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a thulium-doped fiber laser amplifier provided in this embodiment, where the thulium-doped fiber laser amplifier includes: the thulium-doped fiber laser amplifier comprises a pumping source, a wavelength division multiplexer, a thulium-doped fiber and a wavelength division demultiplexer, wherein in the thulium-doped fiber laser amplifier, the connection relationship of each device is as follows: the first end of the wavelength division multiplexer is connected with one end of the wavelength division demultiplexer through the thulium-doped optical fiber. In the thulium-doped fiber laser amplifier, the thulium-doped fiber is of a double-cladding structure, and a cladding pumping technology is adopted, wherein the pumping mode can be seen in fig. 3, and optical lines of 2-micron signal light and pumping light are an optical line 1 and an optical line 2 respectively. When the thulium-doped optical fiber amplifier is used, 2-micrometer signal light emitted by a signal source enters a laser amplifier from the outside, and enters a wavelength division multiplexer together with pump light emitted by a pump source, the wavelength division multiplexer couples the pump light and the 2-micrometer signal light, then the coupled pump light and the 2-micrometer signal light are input into the thulium-doped optical fiber and are transmitted to a wavelength division demultiplexer by the thulium-doped optical fiber, in the transmission process, the thulium-doped optical fiber absorbs the pump light and amplifies the 2-micrometer signal light, and finally the wavelength division demultiplexer divides two paths to respectively output the residual pump light and the amplified 2-micrometer signal light.
In another example of this embodiment, the laser amplifier further includes a signal source, the signal source and the pump source are respectively connected to the second end and the third end of the wavelength division multiplexer, as shown in fig. 4, at this time, the 2 μm signal light emitted by the signal source and the pump light emitted by the pump source are respectively incident to the wavelength division multiplexer through the second end and the third end of the wavelength division multiplexer, the wavelength division multiplexer couples the pump light and the 2 μm signal light, then the coupled pump light and the 2 μm signal light are input into the thulium-doped fiber, and are transmitted to the wavelength division demultiplexer through the thulium-doped fiber, during transmission, the thulium-doped fiber absorbs the pump light and amplifies the 2 μm signal light, and finally, the wavelength division demultiplexer divides two paths to respectively output the remaining pump light and the amplified 2 μm signal light.
In some other examples of this embodiment, the pump source outputs pump light at one of a wavelength of 793nm, 1053nm, and 1550 nm; the thulium ion concentration of the thulium-doped optical fiber is 8.4 × 1025/m3(ii) a The power range of the pump light is 0.5-3.5W; the power range of the signal light is-20 dBm to 10 dBm; the thulium-doped optical fiber has a fiber core diameter ranging from 9 to 12 μm, a cladding diameter ranging from 80 to 250 μm, and a numerical aperture ranging from 0.12 to 0.14.
Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6, FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are respectively a Tm of a silica fiber3+Energy level diagram of (1) and Tm in silica fiber3+Absorption and emission cross-section spectra of (a). In FIG. 5, energy levels 1, 2, 3, and 4 represent3H63F43H53H4Energy level, based on different pumping energy level transitions, the pumping source of the thulium-doped fiber laser amplifier can be selected from 793nm, 1053nm or 1550nm, which correspond to the pumping source3H63H43H63H5And3H63F4wherein for a 2 μm thulium doped fiber laser amplifier, the amplification of the 2 μm signal light results from3F43H6Generally having a central wavelength of 1.8 μm to 2.1 μm.
Fig. 7 shows gain spectra obtained by injecting pump light at 793nm and 1550nm into the thulium-doped fiber laser amplifier provided by the present invention. In both experiments, cladding pumping and the same operating parameters were used, the core and cladding diameters were 10 μm and 130 μm, respectively, the numerical aperture NA was 0.15, the fiber length was fixed at 5m, the pump optical power was 3.5W, and the 2 μm signal optical power was-20 dBm. Referring to fig. 7, compared with the thulium-doped fiber laser amplifier using 1550nm pumping, the thulium-doped fiber laser amplifier using 793nm pumping has significantly enhanced gain in the short wavelength region, so that the gain bandwidth when the semiconductor laser with 793nm is used as the pumping light is correspondingly broadened, and the gain peak at this time is slightly lower than that when the semiconductor laser with 1550nm is used. It can be seen that in an example of this embodiment, with a suitable pump source (793nm), the laser amplifier provided by the present invention can not only suppress Amplified Spontaneous Emission (ASE) noise, but also reduce the absorption of the short wavelength region (<1900nm) of the 2 μm broadband signal light by the gain fiber, thereby achieving effective amplification of the broadband 2 μm signal light.
In the present embodiment, the thulium-doped fiber laser amplifier is provided, in which the conventional fiber laser amplifier can suppress ASE by increasing the length of the gain fiber when amplifying 2 μm signal light, but the increase in the length of the gain fiber causes the absorption of 2 μm broadband signal light in the short wavelength region to be more intense, thereby narrowing the gain bandwidth. The thulium-doped optical fiber in the laser amplifier provided by the invention has a double-cladding structure, the cladding pumping is adopted, the higher coupling efficiency is easily obtained, compared with the fiber core pumping, the absorption coefficient of the cladding pumping is lower, a longer gain optical fiber is generally needed, and the long optical fiber is used as a gain medium, so that the ASE noise in the optical fiber laser amplifier can be just inhibited. By matching with a proper pump source (793nm), the laser amplifier provided by the invention can reduce the absorption of the gain fiber to the short-wavelength region (<1900nm) of the gain fiber under the premise of inhibiting ASE noise, and realizes the effective amplification of 2 mu m broadband signal light.
It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the above-mentioned method embodiments are described as a series of acts or combinations, but those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the described order of acts, as some steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously according to the present invention. Further, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are presently preferred and that no acts or modules are necessarily required of the invention.
In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis, and parts of a certain embodiment that are not described in detail can be referred to related descriptions of other embodiments, and the above serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are merely for description and do not represent advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make many forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and as claimed in the claims, and these forms are within the protection of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The thulium-doped optical fiber laser amplifier is characterized by comprising a pumping source, a wavelength division multiplexer, a thulium-doped optical fiber and a wavelength division demultiplexer; the thulium-doped optical fiber is of a double-cladding structure; the first end of the wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the wavelength division demultiplexer through a thulium-doped optical fiber;
2 μm signal light emitted by the signal source enters the laser amplifier from the outside and is incident to the wavelength division multiplexer together with the pump light emitted by the pump source;
the wavelength division multiplexer couples the pump light and the 2 μm signal light, then inputs the coupled pump light and the 2 μm signal light into the thulium-doped optical fiber, and transmits the coupled pump light and the coupled 2 μm signal light to the wavelength division demultiplexer, and in the transmission process, the thulium-doped optical fiber absorbs the pump light and amplifies the 2 μm signal light;
the wavelength division demultiplexer outputs the residual pumping light and the amplified 2 mu m signal light;
the thulium-doped optical fiber is a long optical fiber;
the wavelength of the pump light output by the pump source is 793 nm.
2. The laser amplifier of claim 1, wherein the thulium doped fiber has a thulium ion concentration of 8.4 x 1025/m3
3. The laser amplifier of claim 1, wherein the power of the pump source is in the range of 0.5W to 3.5W.
4. The laser amplifier of claim 1, wherein the signal source has a power in the range of-20 dBm to 10 dBm.
5. The laser amplifier of any of claims 1-4, wherein the laser amplifier further comprises a signal source;
the signal source and the pumping source are respectively connected with the second end and the third end of the wavelength division multiplexer, and 2 mu m signal light emitted by the signal source and pumping light emitted by the pumping source are respectively incident to the wavelength division multiplexer through the second end and the third end of the wavelength division multiplexer.
6. The laser amplifier according to claim 5, wherein the thulium doped fiber has a core diameter ranging from 9 to 12 μm, a cladding diameter ranging from 80 to 250 μm, and a numerical aperture ranging from 0.12 to 0.14.
CN201810466010.2A 2018-05-16 2018-05-16 Thulium-doped optical fiber laser amplifier Expired - Fee Related CN108649415B (en)

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CN110380325A (en) * 2019-07-31 2019-10-25 深圳市镭神智能系统有限公司 A kind of fiber amplifier
CN117579964A (en) * 2024-01-17 2024-02-20 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Optical distribution network, optical distribution system and optical power disturbance method

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CN107681425A (en) * 2017-11-10 2018-02-09 珠海光恒科技有限公司 A kind of fiber amplifier of pump light source and its composition
CN207021505U (en) * 2017-07-31 2018-02-16 深圳瑞焱通光子技术有限公司 A kind of narrow linewidth linear polarization thulium-doped fiber laser
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CN1638630A (en) * 2002-03-08 2005-07-13 光波电子公司 Communication system and split-band amplifying apparatus using a depressed-profile fiber amplifier
CN206850211U (en) * 2016-10-27 2018-01-05 北京工业大学 One kind is based on 1 micron of all -fiber ultrashort pulse laser caused by dispersive wave
CN206412626U (en) * 2017-01-22 2017-08-15 昆山华辰光电科技有限公司 Variable impulse width Q adjusting optical fiber laser
CN206412627U (en) * 2017-01-22 2017-08-15 昆山华辰光电科技有限公司 Annular resonance intonation Q pulse MOPA optical fiber lasers
CN107154575A (en) * 2017-06-27 2017-09-12 中国科学院半导体研究所 Fiber amplifier
CN207021505U (en) * 2017-07-31 2018-02-16 深圳瑞焱通光子技术有限公司 A kind of narrow linewidth linear polarization thulium-doped fiber laser
CN107275917A (en) * 2017-08-10 2017-10-20 电子科技大学 Infrared super continuum source in ultra wide band all -fiber
CN107453194A (en) * 2017-09-18 2017-12-08 珠海光恒科技有限公司 A kind of 1064 pumped great-power narrow linewidth C band erbium-doped fiber amplifiers
CN107681425A (en) * 2017-11-10 2018-02-09 珠海光恒科技有限公司 A kind of fiber amplifier of pump light source and its composition
CN107845946A (en) * 2017-11-20 2018-03-27 北京工业大学 A kind of all -fiber linear polarization mode-locked laser based on nonlinear optical loop mirror of cascaded pump

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