CN212800253U - Downcomer cooling jacket and gasifier - Google Patents
Downcomer cooling jacket and gasifier Download PDFInfo
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- CN212800253U CN212800253U CN202020313474.2U CN202020313474U CN212800253U CN 212800253 U CN212800253 U CN 212800253U CN 202020313474 U CN202020313474 U CN 202020313474U CN 212800253 U CN212800253 U CN 212800253U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a downcomer cooling jacket and gasifier, downcomer cooling jacket has cup jointed the cooling jacket for the surface at the downcomer, the cooling jacket is located more than the middle part of downcomer, the bottom of cooling jacket is equipped with the cooling water inlet, downcomer cooling jacket's top is equipped with the cooling water export, cooling water inlet, cooling water export are located the homonymy of cooling jacket. The downcomer is fixedly connected with the cooling jacket through a connecting rod. The rod spirally rises in the cooling jacket, and the descending pipe, the cooling jacket and the connecting rod form a spirally rising cooling water channel. And a chilling ring is arranged at the top of the downcomer. The utility model discloses surface at the downcomer is equipped with downcomer cooling jacket, has avoided giving vent to anger to change the direct damage of room high temperature gas cooling not good situation under to the downcomer, has prolonged its running life greatly, and economic benefits and device are safe intact. The utility model discloses it is structural comparatively reasonable reliable, convenient to use.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model discloses coal slurry gasification technical field, concretely relates to downcomer cooling jacket and gasifier.
Background
The down pipe of the gasification furnace is a component for guiding high-temperature gas out of the gasification chamber of the gasification furnace to enter the chilling chamber for further cooling, is a key gasification furnace component, and directly threatens the safe operation of equipment if damaged. The domestic coal water slurry four-nozzle gasification device is large-sized in a certain petrochemical hydrogen production device, the daily coal input of the gasification furnace is about 3000 tons/d, and the full-length periodic operation of a downcomer is more important.
The four-nozzle coal water slurry gasification furnace and other coal water slurry gasification furnaces such as Texaco and multi-component slurry have the problem of damage to a descending pipe of the gasification furnace in operation, and the main reason of the damage is that the temperature of high-temperature gas (after cooling) discharged from a gasification chamber is still high, and particularly accidents such as shutdown of a gasification device and the like are caused by direct damage to the descending pipe under the fault condition of chilled water. Moreover, after the gasifier is enlarged, the cooling requirement of high-temperature gas out of the gasifier chamber is increased, otherwise the damage degree is deepened, so the downcomer needs to be protected to avoid the damage to the downcomer under the condition of poor cooling of the high-temperature gas out of the gasifier chamber, and the service life of the downcomer is prolonged.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the utility model provides a downcomer cooling jacket and gasifier is a method for protecting the gasifier downcomer, and the surface of the downcomer is provided with a cooling jacket to avoid the damage to the downcomer under the poor cooling condition of high-temperature gas in the gasification chamber, and prolong the service life of the downcomer.
The purpose of the utility model is realized through the following technical scheme: a cooling jacket is sleeved on the outer surface of a downcomer, and is a water jacket for continuous cooling water forced cooling.
Further, the cooling jacket is positioned above the middle of the downcomer.
Furthermore, the bottom of the cooling jacket is provided with a cooling water inlet, and the top of the downcomer cooling jacket is provided with a cooling water outlet.
Furthermore, the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet are positioned on the same side of the cooling jacket.
Furthermore, the downcomer is fixedly connected with the cooling jacket through a connecting rod.
Further, the connecting rod spirally rises in the cooling jacket of the descending pipe (between the cooling jacket and the descending pipe), and the descending pipe, the cooling jacket and the connecting rod form a cooling water channel spirally rising. The cooling jacket is supported by a connecting rod and spiral uniform cooling water is formed.
Furthermore, a chilling ring is arranged at the top of the descending pipe and used for uniformly distributing chilling water on the inner surface of the descending pipe, and a layer of water film is formed to flow downwards in parallel with the water gas, so that the high-temperature water gas is isolated from being in direct contact with the descending pipe, and the descending pipe is protected from being deformed due to high temperature.
Furthermore, the chilling ring is provided with a chilling water inlet hole and a chilling water outlet hole, and chilling water of the chilling water outlet hole is sprayed to the inner surface of the downcomer.
Furthermore, the lower part of the downcomer is provided with a balance hole for gas shunting, controlling the liquid level of the chilling chamber water bath and preventing a large amount of gas from entering the water bath to cause overlarge liquid level fluctuation.
Furthermore, the pipe orifice at the bottom of the downcomer is in a sawtooth shape.
Further, the downcomer is made of a nickel-chromium-iron alloy, such as INCOLOY 825.
Further, the cooling jacket is made of stainless steel, as in S31603.
Further, the quench ring is made of a nickel-chromium-iron alloy, such as INCOLOY 825.
Further, the connecting rod is solid round steel.
The utility model discloses still relate to protection gasifier, include: the gasification furnace comprises a gasification furnace shell, wherein a gasification chamber and a chilling chamber which are communicated are arranged in the gasification furnace shell, and the gasification chamber is positioned above the chilling chamber;
the upper part of the gasification chamber is provided with a burner chamber, a burner is arranged in the burner chamber, and the burner chamber is communicated with the gasification chamber;
an ash residue outlet is arranged at the bottom of the chilling chamber, a synthetic gas outlet is arranged at the upper part of the chilling chamber, a circulating water inlet and a black water outlet are arranged at the lower part of the chilling chamber, and the black water outlet is positioned above the circulating water inlet; the interior of the chilling chamber is provided with the descending tube cooling sleeve and the static slag breaker, and the static slag breaker is positioned below the descending tube cooling sleeve.
Furthermore, a brick supporting plate is arranged in the gasification chamber and used for supporting refractory bricks in the gasification chamber. The brick supporting plates are annularly arranged along the inner wall of the gasification chamber.
Furthermore, a bubble breaking strip is arranged in the chilling chamber and is positioned between the inner wall of the chilling chamber and the cooling sleeve of the down pipe in an annular arrangement. And the cooled gas enters a water bath to form bubbles, and the bubble breaking strips are used for breaking the bubbles.
Furthermore, a gasification furnace top hole is formed in the top of the gasification furnace shell and used for overhauling and replacing equipment.
Furthermore, the gasification chamber is provided with a thermocouple hole, and a thermal temperature instrument is placed in the thermocouple hole and used for measuring the temperature in the gasification chamber.
Furthermore, the chilling chamber is provided with a chilling chamber manhole for overhauling and replacing equipment.
The gasification process of the gasification furnace is as follows: the water-coal-slurry is fed into a gasification chamber of the gasification furnace through a burner of the burner chamber, and generates violent gasification reaction with oxygen in the gasification chamber of the gasification furnace to generate CO and CO2、H2Water gas as main component. The water gas and the slag which are discharged from the gasification chamber pass through a chilling ring and are introduced into the water bath of the chilling chamber of the gasification furnace through a downcomer of a downcomer sleeve. Most of the ash slag falls into the bottom of the chilling chamber after being cooled and solidified, and is discharged out of the chilling chamber through an ash slag outlet after being broken by the static slag breaker. The water gas is chilled, washed and dedusted in the chilling chamber and then is discharged out of the chilling chamber through a synthetic gas outlet.
The down pipe is used for introducing high-temperature gas into the water bath of the chilling chamber, so that slag in the gas is cooled and solidified. The downcomer is easily damaged if the quench water film present within the downcomer fails. The utility model discloses a cooling jacket that the outside of downcomer outward appearance was equipped with for with cooling water evenly distributed on the surface of downcomer, avoided giving vent to anger not good direct damage to the downcomer under the situation of gasification chamber high temperature gas cooling, the protection downcomer avoids high temperature and warp.
The utility model has the advantages that:
(1) the utility model discloses be equipped with cooling jacket at the surface of downcomer, avoided giving vent to anger to change the direct damage of room high temperature gas cooling not good situation under to the downcomer, prolonged its running life greatly, economic benefits and device are safe intact.
(2) The downcomer is made of nickel-chromium-iron alloy (such as INCOLOY825), is imported to a plate, and has high manufacturing cost, so that the operation cost is reduced by using the method of the utility model.
(3) The utility model discloses avoided the downcomer to damage the back and directly caused gasification equipment to park to and threaten the occurence of failure such as safe operation of other equipment such as gasification furnace in the device when serious.
(4) The cooling water is only used as a normal process medium of the device (high-temperature shift condensate of a post system), and the consumption is not increased basically.
(5) The utility model discloses it is structural comparatively reasonable reliable, convenient to use remains multiple coal kind operation test.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a gasification furnace.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a downcomer casing.
Fig. 3 is a partial structural schematic view of a downcomer casing.
FIG. 4 is a photograph of the downcomer 35 days after the cooling jacket was not used.
Fig. 5 is a photograph of the downcomer 47 days after the cooling jacket was used.
In the figure: 1. the gasifier comprises a gasifier top hole, 2, a gasifier shell, 3, a burner chamber, 4, a brick supporting plate, 5, a chilling ring, 6, a downcomer casing, 7, a chilling chamber manhole, 8, a bubble breaking strip, 9, a circulating water inlet, 10, a static slag breaker, 11, a thermocouple hole, 12, a synthetic gas outlet, 13, a black water outlet, 14, an ash residue outlet, 15, a gasification chamber, 16, a chilling chamber, 17 and a chilling water inlet;
61. a downcomer 62, a cooling jacket 63, a cooling water inlet 64, a cooling water outlet 65, solid round steel 66 and balance holes.
Detailed Description
The following non-limiting examples will allow one of ordinary skill in the art to more fully understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a downcomer casing 6 is formed by continuously forcibly cooling water by fitting a water-cooling jacket 62 over the outer surface of a downcomer 61. The bottom of the water-cooling jacket 62 is provided with a cooling water inlet 63, the top of the water-cooling jacket 62 is provided with a cooling water outlet 64, and the cooling water inlet 63 and the cooling water outlet 64 are located on the same side of the water-cooling jacket 62. The downcomer 61 and the water-cooling jacket 62 are fixedly connected through a connecting rod, and the connecting rod is solid round steel 65. The connecting rod between the cooling water inlet 63 and the cooling water outlet 64 spirally rises in the water-cooling jacket 62, and the descending pipe 61, the water-cooling jacket 62 and the connecting rod form a spirally rising cooling water channel. The top of the downcomer is provided with a quench ring 5. The descending tube 61 is made of INCOLOY825, has a length L of 6000mm and a diameter phi 1348 mm. The water-cooling jacket 62 is made of S31603, the length L is 2000mm, and the diameter phi 1408 mm. The cooling jacket 62 is located in the upper middle portion of the downcomer 61. The quench ring 5 is formed of INCOLOY 825. The mouth of the downcomer 61 bottom is the zigzag, and the tooth contained angle is 90, and the tooth height is 25 mm. The lower part of the downcomer 61 is provided with a balancing hole 66, and the angle between the balancing hole and the downcomer is 30 degrees. The water at the cooling water inlet 63 is shift condensate.
The utility model discloses a cooling jacket 62 that is equipped with at descending pipe 61 outward appearance for with cooling water evenly distributed on descending pipe 61's surface, avoided giving vent to anger under the 15 good situations of high-temperature gas cooling of gasification chamber direct damage to descending pipe 61, protection descending pipe 61 avoids receiving the high temperature and warp. The utility model discloses the cooling water is reverse with high-temperature gas, and the difference in temperature is even. Use the utility model discloses carry out continuous cooling water forced cooling, the cooling water is the high temperature transform condensate of methyl alcohol system, and accessible transform condensate valve control transform condensate's entering and stop directly get into gasifier chilling chamber after the cooling of high temperature transform condensate, participate in the system balance as normal process water. The purpose of forced cooling protection is achieved by controlling the flow of cooling water. The method is implemented on a large-scale four-nozzle coal-water slurry gasification furnace (the daily coal feeding amount is 3000 tons).
The using method comprises the following steps: after the gasifier is fed, the pressure is increased to be the same as the pressure of a rear system (6.5MPa), a conversion condensate valve is opened, the conversion condensate enters a cooling jacket through a jacket cooling water inlet 3, the conversion condensate spirally rises to a cooling jacket outlet 4 along a spiral channel formed by solid round steel 5, and then flows down along the outer wall of the cooling jacket 62 and the outer wall of the downcomer 1 to enter a chilling chamber. The jacket cooling 62 water adopts shift condensate without increasing the water balance burden, and the cooling water is mixed with CO and CO2、H2The high-temperature water gas which is the main component is reverse, the temperature difference is uniform, continuous forced cooling is adopted, and the cooling effect is good.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, a gasification furnace is a four-nozzle coal-water slurry gasification furnace, comprising: the gasification furnace comprises a gasification furnace shell 2, wherein a gasification chamber 15 and a chilling chamber 16 which are communicated with each other are arranged in the gasification furnace shell 2, and the gasification chamber 15 is positioned above the chilling chamber 16. The burner is characterized in that a burner chamber 3 is arranged at the upper part of the gasification chamber 15, a burner is arranged in the burner chamber 3, and the burner chamber 3 is communicated with the gasification chamber 15. The inside of the gasification chamber 15 is provided with a brick supporting plate 4 for supporting refractory bricks in the gasification chamber 15, and the brick supporting plate 4 is annularly arranged along the inner wall of the gasification chamber 15. The gasification chamber 2 is provided with a thermocouple hole 11, and a thermal temperature instrument is placed in the thermocouple hole 11 and used for measuring the temperature in the gasification chamber 15. An ash outlet 14 is arranged at the bottom of the chilling chamber 16, a synthesis gas outlet 12 is arranged at the upper part of the chilling chamber 16, a circulating water inlet 9 and a black water outlet 13 are arranged at the lower part of the chilling chamber 16, and the black water outlet 13 is positioned above the circulating water inlet 9; the interior of the chilling chamber 16 is provided with a downcomer cooling sleeve 6 and a static slag breaker 10, and the static slag breaker 10 is positioned below the downcomer cooling sleeve 6. The chilling chamber 16 is internally provided with bubble breaking strips 8, and the bubble breaking strips 8 are positioned between the inner wall of the chilling chamber 16 and the downcomer cooling jacket 6 and are arranged in an annular shape. The top of gasifier casing 2 is provided with gasifier apical pore 1, chilling chamber 16 is equipped with chilling chamber manhole 7 for overhaul and change equipment. The water of the circulating water inlet 9 comes from lock hopper circulating water.
The downcomer casing 6 is formed by sleeving a water cooling jacket 62 on the outer surface of a downcomer 61 for continuous cooling water forced cooling. The bottom of the water-cooling jacket 62 is provided with a cooling water inlet 63, the top of the water-cooling jacket 62 is provided with a cooling water outlet 64, and the cooling water inlet 63 and the cooling water outlet 64 are located on the same side of the water-cooling jacket 62. The downcomer 61 and the water-cooling jacket 62 are fixedly connected through a connecting rod, and the connecting rod is solid round steel 65. The connecting rod between the cooling water inlet 63 and the cooling water outlet 64 spirally rises in the water-cooling jacket 62, and the descending pipe 61, the water-cooling jacket 62 and the connecting rod form a spirally rising cooling water channel. The top of the downcomer is provided with a quench ring 5. The chilling ring 5 is provided with a chilling water inlet hole 17 and a chilling water outlet hole, and chilling water of the chilling water outlet hole is sprayed to the inner surface of the downcomer 61. The descending tube 61 is made of INCOLOY825, has a length L of 6000mm and a diameter phi 1348 mm. The water-cooling jacket 62 is made of S31603, the length L is 2000mm, and the diameter phi 1408 mm. The cooling jacket 62 is located in the upper middle portion of the downcomer 61. The quench ring 5 is formed of INCOLOY 825. The mouth of the downcomer 61 bottom is the zigzag, and the tooth contained angle is 90, and the tooth height is 25 mm. The lower part of the downcomer 61 is provided with a balance hole 66, and the included angle between the balance hole 66 and the downcomer 61 is 30 degrees. The water at the cooling water inlet 63 is shift condensate.
The utility model discloses a cooling jacket 62 that is equipped with at descending pipe 61 outward appearance for with cooling water evenly distributed on descending pipe 61's surface, avoided giving vent to anger under the 15 good situations of high-temperature gas cooling of gasification chamber direct damage to descending pipe 61, protection descending pipe 61 avoids receiving the high temperature and warp. The utility model discloses the cooling water is reverse with high-temperature gas, and the difference in temperature is even. Use the utility model discloses carry out the forced cooling of continuous cooling water, the cooling water is the high temperature transform condensate of methyl alcohol system, and accessible transform condensate valve control transform condensate's entering and stop directly get into gasifier chilling chamber 16 after the cooling of high temperature transform condensate, participate in the system balance as normal process water. The purpose of forced cooling protection is achieved by controlling the flow of cooling water.
The coal water slurry is pressurized by a coal slurry feeding pump and is sent into a gasification chamber 15 of the gasification furnace through a burner of a burner chamber 3, and the coal water slurry and oxygen (the purity is more than or equal to 99.6 percent) are subjected to violent gasification reaction in the gasification chamber 15 of the gasification furnace with the pressure of about 6.5MPa and the temperature of about 1300 ℃ to generate CO and CO2、H2Water gas as main component. The water gas and slag from the gasification chamber 15 are introduced into the water bath of the gasification furnace quench chamber 16 through the quench ring 5 via the downcomer 61 of the downcomer casing 6. Most of the ash falls into the bottom of the chilling chamber 16 after being cooled and solidified, and is broken by the static slag breaker 10 and then is discharged out of the chilling chamber 16 through an ash outlet. The water gas is quenched, washed and dedusted in the quenching chamber 16 and then is discharged out of the quenching chamber 16 through the synthetic gas outlet 12.
The using method comprises the following steps: after the gasifier is fed, the pressure is increased to be the same as the pressure of a rear system (6.5MPa), a conversion condensate valve is opened, the conversion condensate enters a cooling jacket 62 through a jacket cooling water inlet 3, the conversion condensate spirally rises to a cooling jacket outlet 4 along a spiral channel formed by solid round steel 5, and then flows down along the outer wall of the cooling jacket 62 and the outer wall of a downcomer 1 to enter a chilling chamber. The jacket cooling 62 water adopts shift condensate without increasing the water balance burden, and the cooling water is mixed with CO and CO2、H2The high-temperature water gas which is the main component is reverse, the temperature difference is uniform, continuous forced cooling is adopted, and the cooling effect is good.
FIG. 4 is a photograph of a downcomer after 35 days without the use of a cooling jacket, which has been damaged to a greater extent.
Fig. 5 is a photograph of the downcomer after 47 days of use of the cooling jacket, with the cooling jacket and downcomer intact.
To anyone skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the technical solution disclosed above can be used to make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention, or to modify equivalent embodiments with equivalent variations. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention should still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A downcomer cooling jacket is characterized in that a cooling jacket is sleeved on the outer surface of a downcomer;
the cooling jacket is positioned above the middle part of the downcomer;
the bottom of the cooling jacket is provided with a cooling water inlet, and the top of the downcomer cooling jacket is provided with a cooling water outlet;
the downcomer is fixedly connected with the cooling jacket through a connecting rod; the connecting rod spirally rises in the cooling sleeve of the descending pipe;
a chilling ring is arranged at the top of the downcomer;
the pipe orifice at the bottom of the downcomer is in a sawtooth shape, and the tooth included angle is 90 degrees; the lower part of the down pipe is provided with a balance hole, and the included angle between the balance hole and the down pipe is 30 degrees;
the downcomer is made of nickel-chromium-iron alloy, the cooling jacket is made of stainless steel, and the connecting rod is round steel.
2. A downcomer cooling jacket according to claim 1 wherein said downcomer, cooling jacket and connecting rods form a cooling water path that spirals upward.
3. A gasification furnace, comprising: the gasification furnace comprises a gasification furnace shell, wherein a gasification chamber and a chilling chamber which are communicated are arranged in the gasification furnace shell, and the gasification chamber is positioned above the chilling chamber;
the upper part of the gasification chamber is provided with a burner chamber, a burner is arranged in the burner chamber, and the burner chamber is communicated with the gasification chamber;
an ash residue outlet is arranged at the bottom of the chilling chamber, a synthetic gas outlet is arranged at the upper part of the chilling chamber, a circulating water inlet and a black water outlet are arranged at the lower part of the chilling chamber, and the black water outlet is positioned above the circulating water inlet; the interior of the chilling chamber is provided with a downcomer cooling jacket and a static slag breaker according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the static slag breaker is positioned below the downcomer cooling jacket.
4. The gasification furnace of claim 3, wherein a brick supporting plate is arranged in the gasification chamber, and a bubble breaking strip is arranged in the chilling chamber.
5. The gasifier according to claim 3, wherein the top of the gasifier shell is provided with a gasifier top hole, the gasification chamber is provided with a thermocouple hole, and the quench chamber is provided with a quench chamber manhole.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020313474.2U CN212800253U (en) | 2020-03-13 | 2020-03-13 | Downcomer cooling jacket and gasifier |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202020313474.2U CN212800253U (en) | 2020-03-13 | 2020-03-13 | Downcomer cooling jacket and gasifier |
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| CN212800253U true CN212800253U (en) | 2021-03-26 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113862043A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-31 | 中石化宁波工程有限公司 | Novel gasification waste boiler process |
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2020
- 2020-03-13 CN CN202020313474.2U patent/CN212800253U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113862043A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-31 | 中石化宁波工程有限公司 | Novel gasification waste boiler process |
| CN113862043B (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2024-09-10 | 中石化宁波工程有限公司 | Gasification waste pot process |
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