CN211570572U - Gasifier descending device and gasifier - Google Patents
Gasifier descending device and gasifier Download PDFInfo
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- CN211570572U CN211570572U CN201921206292.9U CN201921206292U CN211570572U CN 211570572 U CN211570572 U CN 211570572U CN 201921206292 U CN201921206292 U CN 201921206292U CN 211570572 U CN211570572 U CN 211570572U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a gasifier descending device and gasifier, wherein, gasifier descending device includes: a down pipe; the annular water-cooled wall is internally filled with cooling water, the bottom of the water-cooled wall is connected with the top of the downcomer, and the internal space of the water-cooled wall is communicated with the internal space of the downcomer; the chilling ring is connected with the top of the water-cooled wall and used for spraying chilling water to the inner space of the chilling ring, and the cooling water can exchange heat with the chilling water. The utility model discloses in, the chilling water that the chilling ring sprays forms the water film at the internal surface of water-cooling wall and the internal surface of downcomer, and the water film can carry out the heat transfer with high temperature coal gas and the melting slag that get into in chilling ring, water-cooling wall and the downcomer to cool off high temperature coal gas and melting slag. The temperature of the chilled water after heat exchange is increased, and the cooling water in the water-cooled wall exchanges heat with the chilled water, so that the heat of the chilled water is removed, and the water-cooled wall and the down pipe are protected from being burnt.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a gasification technical field particularly, relates to a gasifier descending device and gasifier.
Background
At present, the domestic entrained-flow bed gasification technology generates gasification reaction in a gasification furnace to generate high-temperature coal gas and molten slag at about 1400 ℃, the high-temperature coal gas and the molten slag enter a downcomer of a cooling chamber through a slag discharging port, are sequentially cooled by chilled water sprayed by a chilling ring and water bath at the lower part of the cooling chamber, are reduced in temperature, pass through a bubble breaker and an ascending pipe, and are conveyed to a subsequent system for continuous cooling and slag removal.
In the cooling chamber, the temperature reduction of the high-temperature gas and the molten slag mainly occurs in the upper half of the downcomer, the temperature is rapidly reduced from about 1400 ℃ to below 400 ℃, and the thermal strength is high, so that the upper half of the downcomer is easily burnt even if expensive high-temperature resistant materials (inconel625, inconel800 or inconel825) are adopted in the actual operation process.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the utility model provides a gasifier descending device and gasifier aims at solving the problem that the first half of present downcomer is easily burnt and damaged.
In one aspect, the utility model provides a descending device of a gasification furnace, a descending pipe; the annular water-cooled wall is internally filled with cooling water, the bottom of the water-cooled wall is connected with the top of the downcomer, and the internal space of the water-cooled wall is communicated with the internal space of the downcomer; the chilling ring is connected with the top of the water-cooled wall and used for spraying chilling water to the inner space of the chilling ring, and the cooling water can exchange heat with the chilling water.
Further, the gasification furnace lowering device further includes: the chilling ring is connected with the water-cooled wall through the connecting plate.
Further, in the gasifier descending device, a first protective layer is arranged on the inner surface of the water wall, and a second protective layer is arranged on the outer surface of the water wall.
Further, in the gasifier descending device, the ratio of the thickness of the first protection layer to the thickness of the second protection layer is 2:1-3: 1.
Further, the gasification furnace lowering device further includes: the bubble breaker is arranged at the bottom of the downcomer.
Further, in the gasification furnace lowering device, the cooling mechanism further includes: the water cooling wall is connected with the downcomer through the reinforcing plate.
Further, the gasification furnace lowering device further includes: the ascending pipe is sleeved outside the descending pipe, and the inner wall of the ascending pipe is connected with the outer wall of the descending pipe through a connecting rib plate.
Further, the gasification furnace lowering device further includes: the shell is internally provided with a water bath area, the bottom of the ascending pipe and the bottom of the descending pipe are both immersed into the water bath area, and the immersion depth of the ascending pipe is greater than that of the descending pipe.
Furthermore, the height of the water wall of the gasifier descending device is 1/2-1/3 of the height of the whole gasifier descending device.
The utility model discloses in, the chilling water that the chilling ring sprays forms the water film at the internal surface of water-cooling wall and the internal surface of downcomer, and the water film can carry out the heat transfer with high temperature coal gas and the melting slag that get into in chilling ring, water-cooling wall and the downcomer to cool off high temperature coal gas and melting slag. The temperature of the chilled water after heat exchange is increased, and the cooling water in the water-cooled wall exchanges heat with the chilled water, so that the heat of the chilled water is removed, and the water-cooled wall and the down pipe are protected from being burnt.
On the other hand, the utility model also provides a gasifier, include: the method comprises the following steps: a combustion chamber and a cooling chamber; wherein, the cooling chamber is provided with the gasifier descending device, and the bottom of the combustion chamber is connected with the chilling ring of the gasifier descending device.
The utility model discloses in, the gasifier descending device has in the cooling chamber of gasifier, and the chilling water that gasifier descending device's chilling ring sprays forms the water film at the internal surface of water-cooling wall and the internal surface of downcomer, and the water film can carry out the heat transfer with high temperature coal gas and the melting slag that get into in chilling ring, water-cooling wall and the downcomer to cool off high temperature coal gas and melting slag. The temperature of the chilled water after heat exchange is increased, and the cooling water in the water-cooled wall exchanges heat with the chilled water, so that the heat of the chilled water is removed, and the water-cooled wall and the down pipe are protected from being burnt.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a gasifier descending device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a connecting plate in a descending device of a gasification furnace provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a water wall in the descending device of the gasification furnace according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of connection between a water-cooled wall and a downcomer in a descending device of a gasification furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a reinforcing plate in a descending device of a gasification furnace provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a gasification furnace provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the connection of a support plate, a quench ring and a connecting plate in a gasifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, in the present invention, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
Gasifier descent apparatus embodiment:
referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows a preferred structure of the gasifier descent apparatus provided in the present embodiment. As shown, the apparatus comprises: a downcomer 1, an annular waterwall 2, and a quench ring 3. The bottom of the water-cooled wall 2 is connected with the top of the downcomer 1, and cooling water is introduced into the water-cooled wall 2, and during the specific implementation, the cooling water can be desalted water. The annular inner space of the water wall 2 corresponds to and is communicated with the inner space of the downcomer 1. The chilling ring 3 is connected with the top of the water-cooled wall 2, a plurality of water outlet holes are formed in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the chilling ring 3, the water outlet holes spray chilling water to the inner space of the chilling ring 3, the chilling water forms water films on the inner surface of the water-cooled wall 2 and the inner surface of the descending pipe 1, and the water films can exchange heat with high-temperature coal gas and molten slag entering the chilling ring 3, the water-cooled wall 2 and the descending pipe 1, so that the high-temperature coal gas and the molten slag are cooled. The temperature of the chilled water after heat exchange is increased, and the cooling water in the water-cooled wall 2 exchanges heat with the chilled water, so that the heat of the chilled water is removed, and the water-cooled wall 2 and the downcomer 1 are protected from being burnt. The water-cooled wall 2 is positioned between the chilling ring 3 and the downcomer 1, and the temperature is mainly concentrated on the upper half part of the whole gasifier descending device, and the temperature of the part is reduced from about 1400 ℃ to about 400 ℃, so the height of the water-cooled wall 2 is 1/2-1/3 of the height of the whole gasifier descending device.
The water wall 2 is heavy, and the water wall 2 cannot be directly connected to the quench ring 3 in order not to damage the structure of the water wall 2, and therefore, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the gasifier descent apparatus further includes: annular connecting plate 4, chilling ring 3 are connected with the top of water-cooled wall 2 through annular connecting plate 4, and during concrete implementation, chilling ring 3 and connecting plate 4 fixed connection, water-cooled wall 2 and connecting plate 4 fixed connection.
The water wall 2 can be in the form of a vertically suspended tube array or a spiral coil and the like, and the spiral coil is preferably selected in the scheme in order to ensure that the temperature of desalted water at the outlet of the water wall 2 meets the production requirement. High temperature resistant, waterproof, wear-resisting and the better protective material of thermal conductivity lays between the internal surface of water-cooling wall 2, surface and the spiral coil, specifically can be for carborundum ramming mass, pottery etc. guarantees that the wall is smooth, prevents that rivers are inhomogeneous, and protective material is high temperature resistant to burn, is difficult for droing. The space of the inner surface of the water-cooled wall 2 is a space through which high-temperature gas and molten slag flow, and the space of the outer surface is a space through which cooled low-temperature gas flows, and because the temperature difference between the inner surface and the outer surface is large, in order to ensure that desalted water in the water-cooled wall 2 can sufficiently exchange heat with the temperature of the inner surface and the outer surface of the water-cooled wall 2, referring to fig. 3, the inner surface of the water-cooled wall 2 is provided with a first protective layer 5, the outer surface is provided with a second protective layer 6, and the thickness1And the thickness S of the second protective layer 62The ratio of (A) to (B) is 2:1-3: 1. The coil size and the number of the coils of the water-cooled wall 2 are determined according to the size of the gasification furnace and the required heat exchange amount.
Referring to fig. 1 again, the bottom of the down pipe 1 is provided with a bubble breaker 7, that is, the down pipe 1 is located between the water wall 2 and the bubble breaker 7, and the bubble breaker 7 adopts a zigzag structure and is used for dividing and breaking large bubbles to prevent the cooled coal gas from generating phenomena such as water entrainment and the like in the rising process.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, since the spiral coil of the water wall 2 is a hollow pipe and cannot bear the gravity of the downcomer 1, an annular reinforcing plate 8 is installed between the lowest part of the water wall 2 and the upper part of the downcomer 1, that is, the water wall 2 is connected with the downcomer 1 through the reinforcing plate 8. During specific implementation, the upper part of the reinforcing plate 8 is fixedly connected with the coil pipe of the water wall 2, the lower part of the reinforcing plate 8 is fixedly connected with the downcomer 1, and meanwhile, the connection among the inner surface of the water wall 2, the inner surface of the reinforcing plate 8 and the inner surface of the downcomer 1 must be ensured to be smooth so as to prevent water flow from being uneven to damage a formed water film.
Referring to fig. 1 again, the outer portion of the downcomer 1 is sleeved with an ascending pipe 9, the ascending pipe 9 can guide the cooled coal gas to flow upwards along the ascending pipe 9, and meanwhile, the problems that the liquid level of the gasification furnace fluctuates and the liquid level meter displays inaccurately in the coal gas ascending process are solved. Meanwhile, the outer wall of the downcomer 1 is connected with the inner wall of the riser 9 through a plurality of connecting rib plates 10, and a plurality of support frames 10 are arranged at the bottom of the riser 9, so that most of the gravity of the downcomer 1 and the water wall 2 is borne by the plurality of support frames 10 at the bottom of the riser 9.
When the descending device of the gasification furnace provided by the embodiment is applied to the gasification furnace, the descending device further comprises a shell 12, the descending pipe 1, the water wall 2, the chilling ring 3, the connecting plate 4, the bubble breaker 7, the reinforcing plate 8, the ascending pipe 9 and the support frame 11 are all located in the shell 12, and the bottom of the support frame 11 is connected with the inside of the shell 12, so that the ascending pipe 9 is fixed. A water bath area 15 is arranged in the shell 12, the bottom of the ascending pipe 9 and the bottom of the descending pipe 1 are both immersed into the water bath area 15, and the immersion depth of the ascending pipe 9 is larger than that of the descending pipe 1. The bottom of the shell 12 is provided with a coal cinder outlet 121, the side wall of the shell 12 is provided with a coal gas outlet 122 and a cooling water outlet 123, the coal gas outlet 122 is positioned above the liquid level of the water bath zone 15, and the cooling water outlet 123 is positioned below the liquid level of the water bath zone 15.
In this embodiment, the quench water sprayed from the quench ring 3 forms water films on the inner surface of the water-cooled wall 2 and the inner surface of the downcomer 1, and the water films can exchange heat with the high-temperature gas and the molten slag entering the quench ring 3, the water-cooled wall 2 and the downcomer 1, thereby cooling the high-temperature gas and the molten slag. The temperature of the chilled water after heat exchange is increased, and the cooling water in the water-cooled wall 2 exchanges heat with the chilled water, so that the heat of the chilled water is removed, and the water-cooled wall 2 and the downcomer 1 are protected from being burnt.
The embodiment of the gasification furnace comprises:
referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 shows a preferred structure of the gasification furnace provided in the present embodiment. As shown in fig. 6, the gasification furnace includes: a combustion chamber 13 located in the upper part and a cooling chamber 14 located in the lower part. The combustion chamber 13 and the cooling chamber 14 share the housing 12, the cooling chamber 14 has a gasifier descending device therein, and the specific structure and implementation of the gasifier descending device can be found in the above examples, which are not described herein again.
The bottom of combustion chamber 13 is connected with gasifier dropout mechanism's chilling ring 3, when specifically implementing, the bottom of combustion chamber 13 is provided with backup pad 131, chilling ring 3 and connecting plate 4 three detachably are connected, a plurality of first wear-out hole 41 have evenly been seted up to the corresponding position of the surface circumference of backup pad 131, the surface circumference of chilling ring 3 and the surface circumference of connecting plate 4 promptly, a plurality of bolts 16 wear to locate corresponding first wear-out hole 41 one by one, the tip of each bolt 16 all is connected with coupling nut 17 simultaneously, thereby be connected backup pad 131, chilling ring 3 and connecting plate 4.
The gasification reaction takes place in the combustion chamber 13, mainly the reaction takes place under high temperature between the fine coal or coal slurry and pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air, produce high temperature coal gas and melting slag: high-temperature coal gas and molten slag from the combustion chamber 13 pass through the chilling ring 3, the water-cooled wall 2 and the descending pipe 1, chilling water sprayed by the chilling ring 3 forms a water film on the inner surface of the water-cooled wall 2 and the inner surface of the descending pipe 1, and the water film exchanges heat with the high-temperature coal gas and the molten slag; the gas and the molten slag with the reduced temperature enter the water bath area 15 again, and the temperature is continuously reduced and the dust is removed; the cooled, humidified and dedusted coal gas firstly passes through the foam breaker 7, then passes through the ascending pipe 9, and enters a subsequent system through the coal gas outlet 122; the cinder is discharged from the cinder outlet 121; the chilling water is changed into black water and then enters the subsequent treatment process through the cooling water outlet 123.
The water wall 2 is preferably of a spiral coil pipe structure, desalted water is introduced into the spiral coil pipe as a cooling medium, the pressure is 0.5MPa-1MPa higher than that of the gasification furnace, and the coal gas enters a desalted water pipeline to cause danger after the water wall 2 leaks. Silicon carbide is preferably used as the first protective layer 5 and the second protective layer 6, and at the same time, in order to ensure sufficient heat exchange, the first protective layer 5 and the second protective layer 6 are not likely to be too thick, and the thickness S of the first protective layer 5 is not likely to be too thick1Is 0.3cm-3cm, preferably 0.9cm-1.5 cm; thickness S of the second protective layer 62Is 0.2cm-2cm, preferably 0.6cm-1.0 cm.
The pressure of the chilling water sprayed by the chilling ring 3 is 0.5MPa to 1MPa higher than that of the gasification furnace, and the chilling water is preferably 60 ℃ to 80 ℃ grey water sent by the gasification slag water treatment unit. The temperature of the chilling water film on the surface of the water wall 2 can be reduced through the heat exchange of the forced circulation desalted water in the water wall 2, so that the water wall 2 is effectively protected from being burnt.
When the water cooling wall 2 works normally, the shell 12 is provided with a second through hole for the desalted water inlet pipeline 21 to penetrate through and a third through hole for the desalted water outlet pipeline 22 to penetrate through, flow meters are arranged on the desalted water inlet pipeline 21 and the desalted water outlet pipeline 22 of the water cooling wall 2, and if the flow difference between the desalted water inlet pipeline 21 and the desalted water outlet pipeline 22 is large, the water cooling wall 2 is possibly burnt; meanwhile, the desalted water outlet pipeline 22 is also provided with a densimeter, if the densimeter is suddenly changed, the water vapor possibly exists in the water-cooled wall 2, and the flow rate of the cooling water needs to be increased.
In this embodiment, the cooling chamber 14 of the gasifier is provided with a gasifier lowering device, the quench water injected from the quench ring 3 of the gasifier lowering device forms water films on the inner surface of the water-cooled wall 2 and the inner surface of the downcomer 1, and the water films can exchange heat with the high-temperature gas and the molten slag entering the quench ring 3, the water-cooled wall 2 and the downcomer 1, thereby cooling the high-temperature gas and the molten slag. The temperature of the chilled water after heat exchange is increased, and the cooling water in the water-cooled wall 2 exchanges heat with the chilled water, so that the heat of the chilled water is removed, and the water-cooled wall 2 and the downcomer 1 are protected from being burnt.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A gasifier lowering device, characterized by comprising:
a downcomer (1);
an annular water wall (2) filled with cooling water, wherein the bottom of the water wall (2) is connected with the top of the downcomer (1), and the inner space of the water wall (2) is communicated with the inner space of the downcomer (1);
the chilling ring (3) is connected with the top of the water-cooled wall (2), the chilling ring (3) is used for spraying chilling water to the inner space of the chilling ring (3), and the cooling water can exchange heat with the chilling water.
2. The gasifier lowering device according to claim 1, further comprising:
the chilling ring (3) is connected with the water-cooled wall (2) through the connecting plate (4).
3. The gasifier descending device according to claim 1,
the inner surface of the water-cooled wall (2) is provided with a first protective layer (5), and the outer surface of the water-cooled wall (2) is provided with a second protective layer (6).
4. The gasifier descending device according to claim 3,
the ratio of the thickness of the first protective layer (5) to the thickness of the second protective layer (6) is 2:1-3: 1.
5. The gasifier lowering device according to claim 1, further comprising:
the bubble breaker (7), bubble breaker (7) set up in the bottom of downcomer (1).
6. The gasifier lowering device according to claim 1, further comprising:
the water cooling wall (2) is connected with the descending pipe (1) through the reinforcing plate (8).
7. The gasifier lowering device according to claim 1, further comprising:
the ascending pipe (9) is sleeved outside the descending pipe (1), and the inner wall of the ascending pipe (9) is connected with the outer wall of the descending pipe (1) through a connecting rib plate (10).
8. The gasifier lowering device according to claim 7, further comprising:
the device comprises a shell (12), wherein a water bath area (15) is arranged in the shell (12), the bottom of the ascending pipe (9) and the bottom of the descending pipe (1) are both immersed into the water bath area (15), and the immersion depth of the ascending pipe (9) is larger than that of the descending pipe (1).
9. The gasifier descending device according to claim 1,
the height of the water-cooled wall (2) is 1/2-1/3 of the height of the whole gasifier descending device.
10. A gasification furnace, comprising: a combustion chamber (13) and a cooling chamber (14); wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the cooling chamber (14) has a gasifier lowering device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the bottom of the combustion chamber (13) being connected to the quench ring (3) of the gasifier lowering device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921206292.9U CN211570572U (en) | 2019-07-29 | 2019-07-29 | Gasifier descending device and gasifier |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921206292.9U CN211570572U (en) | 2019-07-29 | 2019-07-29 | Gasifier descending device and gasifier |
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| CN211570572U true CN211570572U (en) | 2020-09-25 |
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| CN201921206292.9U Active CN211570572U (en) | 2019-07-29 | 2019-07-29 | Gasifier descending device and gasifier |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112175678A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-01-05 | 兖矿水煤浆气化及煤化工国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Gasification furnace and chilling chamber thereof |
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2019
- 2019-07-29 CN CN201921206292.9U patent/CN211570572U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112175678A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-01-05 | 兖矿水煤浆气化及煤化工国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Gasification furnace and chilling chamber thereof |
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