CN212682520U

CN212682520U - Step shaft drilling clamp

Info

Publication number: CN212682520U
Application number: CN202021876753.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张立辉; 陈启云
Original assignee: Zhuzhou Gear Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhuzhou Gear Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-01
Filing date: 2020-09-01
Publication date: 2021-03-12
Anticipated expiration: 2030-09-01

Abstract

A step shaft drilling clamp comprises a base, wherein a V-shaped supporting seat is fixedly connected to the base, a step shaft is placed on the V-shaped supporting seat, the edge of the base is vertically and fixedly connected with a back plate, the upper edge of the back plate is hinged with a drilling template, and the drilling template is limited when rotating along the hinged edge of the back plate to be parallel to the base; the base is also fixedly connected with an axial positioning mechanism, the axial positioning mechanism is provided with an axial limiting surface, the base also comprises a clamping mechanism, and the clamping mechanism provides a horizontal clamping acting force which is in the axial direction of the step shaft and opposite to the axial limiting surface; the base is also fixedly connected with a circumference positioning mechanism, the circumference positioning mechanism comprises a limiting block fixedly connected to the base and a circumference positioning sleeve detachably connected with the excircle of the step shaft, and the circumference positioning sleeve is provided with two circumference limiting surfaces with an included angle of 180 degrees; the drill plate further comprises a drill bushing, the drill bushing is provided with a drill bushing hole, and the distance from the drill bushing hole to the back plate is equal to the distance from the V-shaped central plane of the V-shaped supporting seat to the back plate.

Description

Step shaft drilling clamp

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a machining anchor clamps field, a step axle boring grab of special design.

Background

The step shaft is a common mechanical part in vehicle accessories and is widely applied to transfer cases. The outer circle of the step shaft has different outer diameters, a certain number of rows of lubricating oil holes are required to be drilled in the outer circle of the step shaft, the rows of lubricating oil holes are distributed along the axial direction of the step shaft, two rows of lubricating oil holes are distributed on the outer circle of the whole step shaft in an opposite 180-degree mode, and lubricating oil is provided for the gear which is installed on the shaft to rotate through the rows of lubricating oil holes. At present, a radial drilling machine is adopted for processing the lubricating oil discharging holes, a clamp of the radial drilling machine is cage-shaped, parts are clamped in the middle of the clamp, drill sleeves are designed on two surfaces of the clamp, after one side hole is drilled in the axial direction, the whole clamp is turned over for 180 degrees, and the other side hole is processed. There is certain defect through above-mentioned anchor clamps clamping step axle drilling: one is only suitable for the relatively light part of weight, and when the part was heavier, anchor clamps had also been done very big, and the part was heavier with anchor clamps weight, and intensity of labour was great during the turn-ups. Secondly, each clamp is only suitable for one part, and different parts need a plurality of clamps, so that the manufacturing quantity and cost of the clamps are increased, and the waste is large; and the switching part needs to be replaced by different clamps, which wastes switching time.

Through patent search, the same patent literature disclosure as the present patent is not found, and the following documents are relevant to the present patent:

1. the utility model discloses a utility model patent of application number for "CN201720775134. X", the name "anchor clamps of step axle excircle turning plane and radial drilling" discloses an anchor clamps of step axle excircle turning plane and radial drilling, including jump ring, anchor clamps body, its characterized in that: the clamp body is arranged in the clamp spring in an embedded mode, the clamp body is connected with clamp clacks through connectors, a mounting groove is formed between the clamp clacks, the clamp clacks are connected with the positioning blocks, end face cavities are arranged on the front portions of the positioning blocks, the positioning blocks are arranged on the outer sides of the end faces of the clamp springs, stepped shaft positioning faces are formed between the clamp clacks and the positioning blocks, the clamp springs and the positioning blocks are positioned through the stepped shaft positioning faces, and the mounting groove is formed by surrounding of the two clamp clacks on the. The comparison document relates to step shaft radial drilling positioning, but does not aim at the universal structural design for adapting to step shaft drilling of different models.

2. The utility model discloses a special drilling clamp for a 45L balance shaft, which is a utility model patent with the application number of 'CN 201920830800.4' and the name of 'special drilling clamp for a 45L balance shaft', and comprises a base, a positioning seat and a clamping assembly; the positioning seat and the clamping assembly are fixedly arranged on the base; the positioning seat is provided with a first accommodating groove used for accommodating a certain stepped shaft section of the balance shaft, and the stepped surface between the stepped shaft section and the adjacent stepped shaft section is abutted against the positioning seat; the clamping assembly comprises a V-shaped support, a pressing plate arranged above the V-shaped support and an adjusting screw rod used for adjusting the distance between the pressing plate and the V-shaped support; the pin hole of the balance shaft is positioned on one of the V-shaped supports, a through hole for a drilling tool to pass through is formed in the pressure strip above the V-shaped support, and the through hole and the pin hole are coaxially distributed. The comparison document is a clamp for drilling a 45L balance shaft with a stepped shaft end, and axial positioning during machining is difficult to adapt to stepped shafts with different stepped structures.

Therefore, the step shaft drilling clamp which can adapt to various overall dimension models and is convenient to drill is significant in the technical field.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a technical scheme as follows: the step shaft drilling clamp comprises a base, wherein a V-shaped supporting seat is fixedly connected to the base, a step shaft is placed on the V-shaped supporting seat, the edge of the base is vertically and fixedly connected with a back plate, the upper edge of the back plate is hinged with a drilling template, and the drilling template is limited when rotating along the hinged edge of the back plate to be parallel to the base; the base is also fixedly connected with an axial positioning mechanism, the axial positioning mechanism is provided with an axial limiting surface, the base also comprises a clamping mechanism, and the clamping mechanism provides a horizontal clamping acting force which is in the axial direction of the step shaft and opposite to the axial limiting surface; the base is also fixedly connected with a circumference positioning mechanism, the circumference positioning mechanism comprises a limiting block fixedly connected to the base and a circumference positioning sleeve detachably connected with the excircle of the step shaft, and the circumference positioning sleeve is provided with two circumference limiting surfaces with an included angle of 180 degrees; the drill plate further comprises a drill bushing, the drill bushing is provided with a drill bushing hole, and the distance from the drill bushing hole to the back plate is equal to the distance from the V-shaped central plane of the V-shaped supporting seat to the back plate.

Furthermore, the axial positioning mechanism is a square strip bulge fixedly connected to the base, the clamping mechanism provides horizontal acting force for the vertical step surface along the axial direction of the step shaft and opposite to the square strip bulge, and the vertical step surface of the step shaft is fixed between the clamping mechanism and the square strip bulge.

Furthermore, the circumference positioning sleeve is in key connection with one end of the step shaft, a pair of extending arms are distributed on the circumference positioning sleeve along the diameter of the circumference positioning sleeve, and the circumference positioning is carried out on the step shaft after the extending arms are contacted with the limiting block.

Furthermore, the clamping mechanism is an eccentric clamping structure, the eccentric clamping structure comprises an eccentric shaft and a handle sleeved on the eccentric shaft, the eccentric shaft is driven to rotate by rotating the handle, the eccentric shaft is in contact with the vertical step surface, and the vertical step surface is fixed between the eccentric shaft and the square strip bulge.

Furthermore, the drill jig plate is provided with a step structure, the step structure comprises a step with an upward convex center, and the step is matched with a vertical step surface of the step shaft.

Furthermore, a hinge shaft for hinging the drill plate and the back plate is sleeved with a compression spring, and the compression spring provides a horizontal acting force of the step shaft axial direction relative to the vertical step surface for the drill plate.

Further, the hinged edge of the drilling template and the back plate further comprises a vertical surface, and when the drilling template is turned around the back plate, the vertical surface and the back plate are close to each other, so that the drilling template is kept parallel to the base.

Furthermore, a backing plate is fixedly connected between the back plate and the base.

The utility model has the advantages of it is following:

1. the center of the V-shaped supporting seat and the axis of the step shaft after the step shaft is placed on the V-shaped supporting seat are positioned on the same plane; the drill jig plate is limited to be parallel to the base after being turned over and covered along the back plate, and a drill bushing hole formed in a drill bushing on the drill jig plate just passes through the V-shaped central plane of the V-shaped supporting seat, so that the drilled lubricating hole is guided by the drill bushing hole to ensure that the lubricating hole passes through the axis of the step shaft. Aiming at the drilling processing of the step shafts with different models and different hole pitches, the drilling guide can be completed only by replacing different drill bushings.

2. The clamp utilizes the excircle step surface at the center of the step shaft to be combined with the axial positioning mechanism on the base to axially position the step shaft, and the clamping mechanism is used for clamping and stabilizing the axially positioned step shaft, so that the step shaft is prevented from moving during machining, and the machining precision is ensured.

3. The shaft end of the step shaft is sleeved with the circumferential positioning sleeve, the circumferential positioning sleeve is in contact with the 180-degree circumferential limiting surface and the limiting block on the base to complete circumferential positioning during drilling, so that drilling of two rows of opposite oil discharge holes can be completed only by the aid of the rotary step shaft during machining, and machining is time-saving, labor-saving and high in efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a step shaft fixture;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a drill plate of the stepped shaft clamp in an open state;

fig. 3 is a side view of the step shaft fixture.

Detailed Description

In order that those skilled in the art can fully practice the invention, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a step shaft drilling fixture comprises a base 1, a V-shaped supporting seat 20 is fixedly connected to the base 1, a step shaft 22 is placed on the V-shaped supporting seat 20, the edge of the base 1 is vertically and fixedly connected with a back plate 12, a drilling template 2 is hinged to the upper edge of the back plate 12, and the drilling template 2 is limited when rotating along the hinged edge of the back plate 12 to be parallel to the base 1; the base 1 is also fixedly connected with an axial positioning mechanism, the axial positioning mechanism is provided with an axial limiting surface, the base 1 also comprises a clamping mechanism, and the clamping mechanism provides a horizontal clamping acting force which is axial along the step shaft 22 and opposite to the axial limiting surface; the base 1 is also fixedly connected with a circumference positioning mechanism, the circumference positioning mechanism comprises a limiting block 21 fixedly connected to the base 1 and a circumference positioning sleeve 14 detachably connected with the excircle of the step shaft, and the circumference positioning sleeve 14 is provided with two circumference limiting surfaces with an included angle of 180 degrees; the drill plate 2 further comprises a drill bushing 3, the drill bushing 3 is provided with a drill bushing hole 31, and the distance from the drill bushing hole 31 to the back plate 12 is equal to the distance from the V-shaped central plane of the V-shaped support seat 20 to the back plate 12.

In this embodiment, two V-shaped supporting seats 20 are respectively and fixedly installed at two ends of the base 1, the drilling template 2 is hinged to the back plate 12 through the split pin 11, and when the drilling template 2 is turned over and covered to a position parallel to the base 1 by using the split pin 11 as an axis, the edge of the drilling template 2 adjacent to the back plate 12 is in contact with and limited, so that the drilling template 2 is kept parallel to the plane where the base 1 is located. This results in the drill bushings 3 arranged on the drill plate 2 also being parallel to the plane of the base 1. Because the drilling sleeve hole 31 is vertically drilled by the drilling sleeve 3, and the distance from the drilling sleeve hole 31 to the back plate 12 is equal to the distance from the V-shaped central plane of the V-shaped supporting seat 20 to the back plate 12, after the drilling template 2 is kept parallel to the plane of the base 1 and limited, the extending direction of the drilling sleeve hole 31 can just follow the radial direction of the step shaft 22.

The drill plate 2 is provided with a plurality of square holes 26 with notches, and the drill bush 3 is correspondingly a square block with notches, and the notches are arranged so that the drill bush 3 has a mistake-proofing design in the direction of being arranged on the drill plate 2. Different drill bushings 3 can be easily screwed into the square hole 26. The drill bushing 3 is provided with a plurality of guide holes corresponding to the models according to the specific models of the step shafts to be machined, a corresponding model mark is marked above each guide hole, and the corresponding guide hole is selected to be drilled according to the model of the mark during machining. The design of the square hole 26 and the notch error proofing of the drill bushing 3 avoids the guiding error of the guiding hole caused by the opposite installation direction of the drill bushing 3, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, four drill bushings 3 are arranged on the drill plate 2, two drill bushings are arranged on two sides of the step 24 respectively, and the notches of the drill bushings 3 on two sides of the step 24 are arranged in opposite directions, so that the errors of replacement and installation cannot occur when the drill bushings 3 on two sides of the step 24 are installed, and the correct installation position of the drill bushings 3 is further ensured. Of course, if the guide hole formed in a single drill bushing 3 still cannot meet the requirements of the guide hole sites of various models, a plurality of drill bushings 3 may be correspondingly arranged, and when holes of different specifications need to be drilled, the corresponding drill bushing 3 is replaced.

The axial positioning mechanism fixedly arranged on the base 1 utilizes the contact of the vertical step surface 221 of the excircle step at the central part of the step shaft 22 and the axial limiting surface of the axial positioning mechanism to complete the axial positioning of the step shaft 22. After the clamping mechanism is axially positioned, the vertical step surface 221 of the outer circle step is fixed between the clamping mechanism and the axial limiting surface, so that the step shaft 22 does not shake axially during processing.

The circumferential positioning of the step shaft 22 is completed by the circumferential positioning sleeve 14 sleeved on one end of the step shaft 22 and the limiting block 21 on the base 1. The circumference locating sleeve 14 is provided with two circumference limiting surfaces with an included angle of 180 degrees, when one circumference limiting surface contacts the limiting block 21, the step shaft 22 is drilled, and the other circumference limiting surface contacts the limiting block 21 through rotating the step shaft, so that two rows of drilled oil discharge holes are oppositely distributed on the excircle of the step shaft 22 by 180 degrees.

An exemplary embodiment of the axial positioning mechanism is a square protrusion 23 fixedly connected to the base 1, and the clamping mechanism provides a force to the vertical step surface 221 along the axial direction of the step shaft 22 and horizontally against the square protrusion 23, so as to fix the vertical step surface 221 of the step shaft 22 between the clamping mechanism and the square protrusion 23. In this embodiment, the square protrusion 23 and the step shaft 22 are fixed on the base 1 in the direction perpendicular to the axis, one side of the square protrusion 23 is an axial positioning surface, and after the vertical step surface 221 of the step shaft contacts the side of the square protrusion 23, the vertical step surface 221 is fixed on the side of the square protrusion 23 by using the clamping mechanism, so that the axial positioning is completed, the step shaft 22 is stably clamped, and the axial shaking during the processing is avoided. The axial positioning mechanism is not limited to the square protrusion 23 and the above-mentioned arrangement direction, and it is sufficient to have an axial stopper surface parallel to the vertical step surface 221.

In this embodiment, one end of the stepped shaft 22 to be machined is externally splined, and the corresponding fit of the circumferential locating sleeve 14 and the stepped shaft 22 is keyed. Generally, the circumferential positioning sleeve 14 can be sleeved on one end of the step shaft 22 by other detachable structures, the circumferential positioning sleeve 14 is designed to be annular, and the detachable connection can be realized by using a puller bolt. A pair of extending arms 141 are distributed on the circumferential positioning sleeve 14 along the diameter thereof, and the step shaft 22 is circumferentially positioned after the extending arms 141 contact the limiting block 21. The limiting block 21 is in a square strip shape, and the circumferential limiting surface is a side surface of the extending arm 141.

The clamping mechanism can be an eccentric clamping structure, the eccentric clamping structure comprises an eccentric shaft 18 and a handle 15 sleeved on the eccentric shaft 18, one side of the eccentric shaft 18 further comprises a flat pad 16, the eccentric shaft 18 is driven to rotate by rotating the handle 15, the eccentric shaft 18 is in contact with the vertical step surface 221, and the vertical step surface 221 is fixed between the eccentric shaft 18 and the square strip bulge 23. The eccentric clamping operation is convenient, the clamping force is large, and the stepped shaft 22 can be quickly and conveniently clamped axially. A clamping mechanism, which is commonly used in the prior art and combines a lead screw nut with a slider, can also be used in this embodiment to axially clamp the stepped shaft 22.

The drilling template 2 is provided with a step structure, the step mechanism comprises a step 24 with an upward convex center, and the step 24 is matched with a vertical step surface 221 of the step shaft 22. When the drilling template 2 is turned over to be parallel to the base 1, the outer circle step in the middle of the step shaft 22 can be embedded into the inner space of the step 24, so that the areas on the drilling template 2 and on two sides of the step 24 can be closer to the outer circle of the step shaft 22, and the guiding effect of the drill trepanning 31 is better.

The compression spring 10 is sleeved on a hinge shaft of the drilling template 2 hinged with the back plate 12, and the compression spring 10 provides a horizontal acting force of the step shaft 22 axially opposite to the vertical step surface 221 for the drilling template 2. Due to the matching of the step 24 of the jig plate 2 and the vertical step surface 221 of the step shaft 22, when the jig plate 2 is turned over and covered, the vertical step surface 221 of the step shaft 22 is contacted with the side surface of the step 24, and the compression spring 10 provides horizontal acting force to ensure that the vertical step surface 221 always abuts against the side surface of the step 24, so that the axial stability of the step shaft 22 is further improved.

In order to ensure that the drilling template 2 can be more firmly kept in a parallel state with the base 1 after being turned over and covered. The hinged side of the drilling template 2 to the back plate 12 further comprises a vertical surface 25, and when the drilling template 2 is turned around the back plate 12, the vertical surface 25 and the back plate 12 abut against each other, so that the drilling template 2 is kept parallel to the base 1.

A backing plate 19 is also fixedly connected between the back plate 12 and the base 1. The spacer 19 enables adjustment of the spacing between the base 1 and the back plate 12. The middle position of the back plate 12 is fixedly connected with a backup plate 6 which is inclined at an angle of 45 degrees, and the drill jig plate 2 is placed on the backup plate 6 after being turned over and opened and closed without being supported by manpower.

The step shaft is drilled by the fixture, the step shaft 22 does not shake axially during machining, and the drilling precision is guaranteed; after the first row of holes are machined, the stepped shaft 22 is rotated, and the holes distributed oppositely can be machined by utilizing the circumferential positioning of the circumferential positioning sleeve 14, so that the whole machining process is time-saving and labor-saving.

Obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the utility model. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a step axle boring grab, includes base (1), fixedly connected with V type supporting seat (20) on base (1), and place on V type supporting seat (20) step axle (22), its characterized in that: the edge of the base (1) is vertically and fixedly connected with a back plate (12), the upper edge of the back plate (12) is hinged with a drilling template (2), and the drilling template (2) is limited when rotating to be parallel to the base (1) along the hinged edge of the back plate (12); the base (1) is also fixedly connected with an axial positioning mechanism, the axial positioning mechanism is provided with an axial limiting surface, the base (1) also comprises a clamping mechanism, and the clamping mechanism provides a horizontal clamping acting force which is axial along the step shaft (22) and opposite to the axial limiting surface; the base (1) is also fixedly connected with a circumference positioning mechanism, the circumference positioning mechanism comprises a limiting block (21) fixedly connected to the base (1) and a circumference positioning sleeve (14) detachably connected with the excircle of the step shaft, and the circumference positioning sleeve (14) is provided with two circumference limiting surfaces with an included angle of 180 degrees; the drill jig plate (2) further comprises a drill bushing (3), the drill bushing (3) is provided with a drill bushing hole (31), and the distance from the drill bushing hole (31) to the back plate (12) is equal to the distance from the V-shaped central plane of the V-shaped support seat (20) to the back plate (12).

2. The step shaft drilling jig of claim 1, wherein: the axial positioning mechanism is a square strip bulge (23) fixedly connected to the base (1), the clamping mechanism provides horizontal acting force which is axially along the step shaft (22) and opposite to the square strip bulge (23) for the vertical step surface (221), and the vertical step surface (221) of the step shaft (22) is fixed between the clamping mechanism and the square strip bulge (23).

3. The step shaft drilling jig of claim 2, wherein: the circumference position sleeve (14) is connected with one end of the step shaft (22) in a key mode, a pair of extending arms (141) are distributed on the circumference position sleeve (14) along the diameter of the circumference position sleeve, and the circumference position is carried out on the step shaft (22) after the extending arms (141) are contacted with the limiting block (21).

4. The step shaft boring jig of claim 3, wherein: the clamping mechanism is an eccentric clamping structure, the eccentric clamping structure comprises an eccentric shaft (18) and a handle (15) sleeved on the eccentric shaft (18), the eccentric shaft (18) is driven to rotate by rotating the handle (15), the eccentric shaft (18) is in contact with the vertical step surface (221), and the vertical step surface (221) is fixed between the eccentric shaft (18) and the square strip bulge (23).

5. The step shaft boring jig of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the drill jig plate (2) is provided with a step structure, the step structure comprises a step (24) with the center protruding upwards, and the step (24) is matched with a vertical step surface (221) of the step shaft (22).

6. The step shaft boring jig of claim 5, wherein: a hinge shaft of the drilling template (2) hinged with the back plate (12) is sleeved with a compression spring (10), and the compression spring (10) provides a horizontal acting force of the step shaft (22) relative to the axial direction of the vertical step surface (221) for the drilling template (2).

7. The step shaft boring jig of claim 6, wherein: the hinged edge of the drilling template (2) and the back plate (12) further comprises a vertical surface (25), and when the drilling template (2) is turned around the back plate (12), the vertical surface (25) and the back plate (12) are abutted, so that the drilling template (2) is kept parallel to the base (1).

8. The step shaft drilling jig of claim 7, wherein: a backing plate (19) is fixedly connected between the back plate (12) and the base (1).