CN112025357A

CN112025357A - Bearing cap fixing device

Info

Publication number: CN112025357A
Application number: CN202010914188.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴志强; 孙庆强; 付正勇; 王小军; 于鸣
Original assignee: Guangdong Fuwa Heavy Industry Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Fuwa Heavy Industry Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-03
Filing date: 2020-09-03
Publication date: 2020-12-04

Abstract

The invention provides a bearing cap fixing device which is used for fixing a bearing cap and comprises at least one clamp, wherein the clamp comprises an installation plate, a supporting device, a pressing mechanism, a limiting assembly and a centering pressing assembly which can extend into the bearing cap, and the supporting device, the pressing mechanism, the limiting assembly and the centering pressing assembly are all installed on the installation plate; the centering compresses tightly the subassembly and sets up with spacing subassembly relatively, and the centering compresses tightly and is formed with the centre gripping space between subassembly and the spacing subassembly, and the centre gripping space is used for the fixed part of centre gripping bearing cap, and spacing subassembly is used for supporting the lateral wall of holding the fixed part, and the centering compresses tightly the subassembly and is used for supporting the inside wall of holding the fixed part. Through the structural design, when different processing surfaces of the bearing cover are processed, the processing of the different processing surfaces of the bearing cover can be completed only by once clamping, the clamping is convenient, and the processing efficiency is further improved and the production cost is reduced.

Description

Bearing cap fixing device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of part processing equipment, in particular to a bearing cap fixing device.

Background

The bearing cap is an important part of the vehicle drive axle assembly, which is usually assembled with the axle housing, and at the same time needs to be adapted to the relevant structure and parts of the final drive, thus having a relatively complicated external construction.

The existing integral bearing cover needs three processes to be processed, for example, a first process: processing a mounting surface, a positioning hole and a bearing hole; a second step: reaming a plane, and a third step: processing a lock plate threaded hole and a plane; the first, second and third working procedures are respectively completed by two vertical machining centers and one horizontal machining center (which are assembled into an assembly and then are machined together). However, since the first, second, and third processes are performed on three different machined surfaces of the bearing cap, the machining of the different machined surfaces needs to be completed in different machining centers, which causes multiple clamping, increases the manual operation time of each process, and results in low machining efficiency and increased cost.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a bearing cover fixing device convenient to clamp.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a bearing cap fixing device is used for fixing a bearing cap and comprises at least one clamp, wherein the clamp comprises a mounting plate, a supporting device, a pressing mechanism, a limiting assembly and a centering pressing assembly which can extend into the bearing cap, and the supporting device, the pressing mechanism, the limiting assembly and the centering pressing assembly are all mounted on the mounting plate; the centering pressing assembly and the limiting assembly are arranged oppositely, a clamping space is formed between the centering pressing assembly and the limiting assembly, the clamping space is used for clamping the fixing portion of the bearing cover, the limiting assembly is used for abutting against the outer side wall of the fixing portion, and the centering pressing assembly is used for abutting against the inner side wall of the fixing portion.

Furthermore, the centering and pressing component is provided with an elastic device which is used for abutting against the inner side wall of the fixing part; in the process that the bearing cover is arranged in the clamping space, the elastic device moves in the direction far away from the limiting assembly under the pushing action of the bearing cover; when the bearing cover is arranged in the clamping space, the elastic device moves towards the direction close to the limiting component under the action of the elastic force, so that the elastic device rights the position of the bearing cover.

Further, the device comprises a driving device, wherein the driving device is arranged on the mounting plate; the centering and compressing assembly is provided with an elastic device and a locking mechanism, the elastic device is used for abutting against the inner side wall of the fixing part, the locking mechanism is connected with the driving device and abutted against one end, far away from the limiting assembly, of the elastic device, and the locking mechanism is driven by the driving device to abut against the elastic device, so that the centering and compressing assembly is in a locking state.

Further, the centering compression assembly further comprises a centering base, and the centering base is mounted on the mounting plate; the elastic device comprises an elastic connecting piece and a centering block, the elastic connecting piece is installed on the centering base, one end of the elastic connecting piece is connected with the centering block, and the centering block is used for abutting against the inner side wall of the fixing part.

Furthermore, the two end faces of the centering block along the length direction of the clamp are respectively provided with a correcting part in a protruding mode, and the correcting parts are used for abutting against the inner side wall of the fixing part.

Furthermore, the locking mechanism comprises a centering pressing plate and a pushing part, the bottom end of the centering pressing plate is connected with the driving device, the top end of the centering pressing plate is fixedly connected with the pushing part, and the centering pressing plate is driven by the driving device to rotate and drive the pushing part to rotate, so that the pushing part pushes the centering block.

Furthermore, the elastic connecting piece comprises a shaft and a spring, the shaft is movably connected to the centering base, a groove is formed in one end, far away from the centering block, of the shaft, the spring is installed in the groove, and the shaft is fixedly connected with the centering block through a screw.

The driving device is arranged on the mounting plate and is provided with a telescopic rod capable of extending into the bearing cover; the pressing mechanism comprises a pressing plate for pressing the top surface of the bearing cover, the pressing plate is located above the centering pressing assembly, a clamping groove is formed in one end face, close to the telescopic rod, of the pressing plate, and the clamping groove is clamped with the telescopic rod.

Furthermore, the supporting device comprises two positioning studs with adjustable height and a floating supporting mechanism, the two positioning studs are used for supporting the bottom of the pressing part of the bearing cover, the floating supporting mechanism and the pressing mechanism are correspondingly arranged and used for supporting the bottom of the fixing part, and the floating supporting mechanism can rotate relative to the horizontal direction and is used for adjusting the horizontal position of the bearing cover.

Further, the floating support mechanism comprises a floating positioning block and a support, the support is installed on the installation plate, the top surface of the support is provided with an installation groove which penetrates through two opposite side walls of the support along the length direction of the clamp, and the floating positioning block is rotatably installed in the installation groove through a pin shaft.

Furthermore, the pressing mechanism comprises an end face pressing assembly, the end face pressing assembly is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate and comprises two pressing parts, and the two pressing parts are respectively located at two ends of the end face pressing assembly and used for pressing the top face of the fixing part; the two ends of the top surface of the floating positioning block are respectively provided with a convex part in a protruding mode along the length direction of the clamp, the two convex parts respectively correspond to the two pressing parts, the convex parts are used for supporting the bottom surface of the fixing part, and the pin shaft is located between the two convex parts.

Furthermore, the limiting assembly comprises a first positioning seat and a second positioning seat, the first positioning seat and the second positioning seat are installed on the installation plate, one end faces, close to the centering and compressing assembly, of the first positioning seat and one end faces, close to the centering and compressing assembly, of the second positioning seat are detachably connected with limiting blocks respectively, and the two limiting blocks are used for abutting against the outer side wall of the fixing portion respectively.

Further, hold-down mechanism includes the terminal surface and compresses tightly the subassembly, the terminal surface compress tightly the subassembly rotationally install in on the mounting panel for the realization compresses tightly or unclamps the fixed part, the terminal surface subassembly includes rotary pressing plate and pressing part, rotary pressing plate with pressing part is located the top of spacing subassembly, the opening that runs through rotary pressing plate is seted up to rotary pressing plate's top surface, pressing part is used for the suppression the top surface of fixed part.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the centering and pressing component of the bearing cap fixing device can extend into the bearing cap and form a clamping space for clamping the fixing part of the bearing cap with the limiting component, the limiting component is used for abutting against the outer side wall of the fixing part, the centering and pressing component is used for abutting against the inner side wall of the fixing part so as to clamp the bearing cover, namely, the centering and pressing component and the limiting component clamp the bearing cover from the inner direction and the outer direction of the bearing cover respectively, because the centering and pressing component extends into the bearing cover to fix the bearing cover, therefore, the stroke space of the tool required for processing the processing surface of the bearing cap is not occupied, namely the stroke space is provided for the processing tool of the numerical control machine tool, when different processing surfaces of the bearing cover are processed, the processing of the different processing surfaces of the bearing cover can be completed only by once clamping, the clamping is convenient and fast, the processing efficiency is further improved, and the production cost is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the bearing cap retainer of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective assembly view of FIG. 1 from another perspective;

FIG. 3 is a partial top view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a perspective cross-sectional view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a partial top view of the clamp of FIG. 4 in an unlocked condition;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of the clamp of fig. 6 in a locked state.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

it will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element and be integral therewith, or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "mounted," "one end," "the other end," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present embodiment provides a novel bearing cap fixing device 100, which is installed on a numerical control machine tool workbench (not shown) for fixing a bearing cap 7, and can rotate with the workbench to machine different machining surfaces of the bearing cap 7, wherein the bearing cap fixing device 100 includes at least one clamp, and in this embodiment, there are two clamps, and two bearing caps 7 can be machined simultaneously. Anchor clamps include mounting panel 1, drive arrangement 6, strutting arrangement 2, hold-down mechanism 3, spacing subassembly 4 and centering and compress tightly subassembly 5, strutting arrangement 2, hold-down mechanism 3, spacing subassembly 4 and centering compress tightly subassembly 5 all install in on the mounting panel 1, anchor clamps still include numerical control revolving stage (not numbered), and numerical control revolving stage can drive through fixed bearing cap 7 around founding machining center (not shown) X axle rotation, makes its angle stop wantonly and lock to convenient processing and clamping.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, in the present embodiment, the bearing cap 7 is provided with a blank hole 70 for fixing the bearing cap to the fixture, opposite front and rear ends of the bearing cap 7 in the radial direction of the blank hole 70 are respectively provided with a pressing portion 76 and a fixing portion 71, the pressing portion 76 is provided with a plurality of surfaces 75 to be processed, and the top of the fixing portion 71 is also provided with the surfaces 75 to be processed. The inside of the bearing cap 7 refers to a space formed by the blank hole 70, and the sidewall of the blank hole 70 is an inner sidewall 73 (i.e., an inner sidewall 73 of the fixing portion 71) and an outer sidewall 72 (i.e., an outer sidewall 72 of the fixing portion 71) of the bearing cap 7.

The mounting plate 1 is mounted on the workbench through a numerical control rotary table (not numbered), can rotate along with the workbench, and particularly can be used as a controllable shaft of a vertical machining center machine tool, drive the mounting plate 1 to rotate, can be stopped and locked at any angle, and can be used for machining other surfaces to be machined of the bearing cover by rotating the clamp, so that the bearing cover 7 can be clamped and machined conveniently.

The driving device 6 is automatically controlled by a hydraulic control system, is an oil cylinder and provides a power source for the clamp. The oil cylinder is arranged at the bottom of the mounting plate 1 and is provided with a telescopic rod 61. In this embodiment, the driving device 6 has a plurality of driving devices, wherein the extension rod 61 of one driving device 6 can extend into the bearing cover 7.

The supporting device 2 comprises two positioning studs 21 with adjustable height and a floating supporting mechanism 22, the two positioning studs 21 are arranged side by side on the same straight line (as shown in fig. 3), the floating supporting mechanism 22 is arranged opposite to the two positioning studs 21 (as shown in fig. 2 and 3) and is positioned on the other straight line, the floating supporting mechanism 22 and the two positioning studs 21 form three supporting points respectively, and connecting lines among the three supporting points form a triangle so as to be used for positioning the horizontal position of the bearing cover 7. In the present embodiment, the two positioning studs 21 are used for supporting the bottom surface of the pressing portion 76 of the bearing cap 7, and the floating support mechanism 22 is used for supporting the bottom surface of the fixing portion 71. In order to solve the problem that the bearing cover 7 has unevenness in the horizontal direction when the bearing cover 7 is installed, the horizontal position of the bearing cover 7 is flexibly adjusted by arranging the floating support mechanism 22 to be rotatable (i.e., vertically rotatable) relative to the horizontal direction, and the rotation amplitude is controlled within the tolerance range of the horizontal position of the bearing cover 7.

As shown in fig. 1 and 5, in the present embodiment, the floating support mechanism 22 includes a floating positioning block 223 and a support 221, and the support 221 is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate 1 by screws. The top surface 74 of the support 221 is formed with mounting grooves 2211 penetrating through opposite left and right sidewalls of the support 221 in a length direction of the jig, and the mounting grooves 2211 provide a rotation space for the floating positioning block 223. The floating positioning block 223 is rotatably installed in the installation groove 2211 through a pin 224, and the floating positioning block 223 has a gap with the bottom wall of the installation groove 2211, and the gap can be determined according to the tolerance range of the horizontal height of the bearing cap 7. During the process of installing the bearing cap 7, the floating positioning block 223 rotates up and down around the pin 224 to adjust the horizontal height of the bearing cap 7, so that the bearing cap 7 is kept horizontal.

The left end and the right end of the top surface 74 of the floating positioning block 223 are respectively provided with a convex part 2231 (as shown in fig. 1 and 5) in a protruding manner along the length direction of the fixture, the heights of the two convex parts 2231 are equal, the two convex parts 2231 form two floating supporting points for supporting the bottom surface of the fixing part 71, so that the height of the bottom surface of the fixing part 71 can be adjusted conveniently, and in the embodiment, the pin 224 is located on the line in the symmetry between the two convex parts 2231.

The limiting assembly 4 comprises a first positioning seat 41 and a second positioning seat 42, the first positioning seat 41 and the second positioning seat 42 are mounted on the mounting plate 1 through screws, and an accommodating space is formed between the first positioning seat 41 and the second positioning seat 42. The first positioning seat 41 and the second positioning seat 42 are close to one end face of the centering compression assembly 5, and are respectively detachably connected with a limiting block 43 through screws, the two limiting blocks 43 are respectively used for abutting against the outer side wall 72 of the fixing portion 71, the limiting blocks 43 are convenient to replace through a detachable connection mode, the limiting blocks 43 of other specifications can be replaced when bearing covers 7 of different specifications are machined, and the clamping process is simplified when the application range of the clamp is enlarged.

As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the pressing mechanism 3 includes an end surface pressing assembly 32 and a pressing plate 31 for pressing the top surface 74 of the bearing cap 7, the end surface pressing assembly 32 is located between the first positioning seat 41 and the second positioning seat 42, the end surface pressing assembly 32 is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate 1 through a link mechanism (not numbered) to press or release the fixing portion 71, and the pressing plate 31 is located above the centering pressing assembly 5 and connected to the telescopic rod 61 of the oil cylinder.

Specifically, the terminal surface subassembly includes spinning clamp 321 and suppression portion 322, spinning clamp 321 with suppression portion 322 is located spacing subassembly 4's top, its rear end (keeping away from the centering compresses tightly the one end of subassembly 5) is connected with the telescopic link 61 of hydro-cylinder, and the position between the front and back both ends is passed through link mechanism and is connected with mounting panel 1 rotation, and when will compress tightly or loosen bearing cap 7, the telescopic link 61 of hydro-cylinder is concertina movement to drive spinning clamp 321 upset. An opening 3211 penetrating through the rotary pressing plate 321 is formed in the top surface 74 of the rotary pressing plate 321, and the opening 3211 provides a stroke space for a numerical control machine tool cutter, so that the bearing cap 7 can be machined conveniently. The pressing portions 322 are used for pressing the top surface 74 of the fixing portion 71, in this embodiment, there are two pressing portions 322, the two pressing portions 322 are respectively located at the left and right ends of the rotating pressing plate 321, and the two pressing portions 322 respectively correspond to the two convex portions 2231 to form two pressing points, when the bearing cap is clamped, the two pressing points press the bearing cap downwards, the top surface of the bearing cap is pressed downwards to generate a downward deformation trend, at the same time, the two floating supporting points provide an upward supporting force to the bottom surface of the bearing cap 7, so that the bearing cap 7 is stressed in a balanced manner, the downward deformation caused by the pressing action is avoided, and the positioning stability can be increased, and the floating positioning block 223 can rotate up and down, so that the purpose of flexibly adjusting the unevenness of the supporting surface (bottom surface) of the bearing cap 7 is achieved, and the positioning accuracy of the fixture is further improved.

The pressing part 322 is detachably fixed at the front end of the rotary pressing plate 321 (close to one end of the centering and pressing assembly 5) through a screw, the part of the pressing part 322 abutted against the bearing cap 7 is spherical, and the pressing part 322 is detachably fixed at the front end of the rotary pressing plate 321 for replacement.

The centering pressing component 5 and the limiting component 4 are arranged oppositely, in this embodiment, the centering pressing component 5 and the limiting component 4 are overlapped along the center line in the width direction of the clamp, a clamping space 10 is formed between the centering pressing component 5 and the limiting component 4, the clamping space 10 is used for clamping the fixing portion 71 of the bearing cover 7, the limiting component 4 is used for abutting against the outer side wall 72 of the fixing portion 71, and the centering pressing component 5 is used for abutting against the inner side wall 73 of the fixing portion 71. Because of the centering compresses tightly subassembly 5 and stretches into inside bearing cap 7 and fix it, consequently do not occupy the required cutter stroke space of processing bearing cap 7 machined surface, the processing cutter who also provides the stroke space for the digit control machine tool, when the different machined surfaces of processing bearing cap 7, only need a clamping just can accomplish the processing of the different machined surfaces of bearing cap 7, it is convenient to realize the clamping, and can enlarge the application range of anchor clamps, make it can be applied to on the machining of other specification bearing caps 7, further improve machining efficiency and reduction in production cost.

The centering and pressing component 5 is provided with an elastic device 51, and the elastic device 51 is used for abutting against the inner side wall 73 of the fixing part 71; in the process that the bearing cap 7 is installed in the clamping space 10, the elastic device 51 moves in the direction away from the limiting component 4 under the pushing action of the bearing cap 7, so that the bearing cap 7 is conveniently installed; when the bearing cap 7 is completely installed in the clamping space 10, the elastic device 51 moves towards the direction close to the limiting component 4 under the action of the elastic force, so that the elastic device 51 can gradually right the position of the bearing cap 7 by means of the elastic force of the elastic device 51. Through setting up resilient means 51, not only can utilize its self elasticity to right bearing cap 7 for bearing cap 7 location is accurate, and can smoothly pack bearing cap 7 into anchor clamps, thereby improves clamping efficiency and precision.

In this embodiment, the centering and compressing assembly 5 is provided with a locking mechanism 52, the locking mechanism 52 is connected to the telescopic rod 61 of the oil cylinder, and abuts against one end (rear end) of the elastic device 51 far away from the limiting assembly 4 (as shown in fig. 5), and the locking mechanism 52 pushes the elastic device 51 under the driving of the driving device 6, so that the centering and compressing assembly 5 is in a locking state (as shown in fig. 7), and the bearing cover 7 is further ensured to be stably positioned.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the centering and pressing assembly 5 further comprises a centering base 54, and the centering base 54 is mounted on the mounting plate 1 through screws; the elastic device 51 includes an elastic connection piece 511 and a centering block 512, the centering block 512 is adapted to the shape of the blank hole 70, for example, is in an arc shape, the elastic connection piece 511 is mounted on the centering base 54, one end of the elastic connection piece 511 is connected to the centering block 512, and an outer side wall 72 of the centering block 512 is used for abutting against an inner side wall 73 of the fixing portion 71 so as to position the fixing portion from the inside of the bearing cover 7. The centering block 512 is provided with a correcting portion 5121 protruding from two end faces along the length direction of the clamp respectively, the side wall face of the correcting portion 5121 is used for supporting the inner side wall 73 of the fixing portion 71, and the two correcting portions 5121 form two correcting points, so that the position of the bearing cover 7 in the length direction of the clamp can be corrected conveniently, and the position of the bearing cover can be easily centered. In this embodiment, the side wall surface of the correcting portion 5121 is a cambered surface.

As shown in fig. 5, the locking mechanism 52 includes a centering pressing plate 55 and a pushing member 56, a bottom end of the centering pressing plate 55 is connected to the telescopic rod 61 of the oil cylinder through a pin 224, a top end of the centering pressing plate 55 is fixedly connected to the pushing member 56 through a fixing manner such as a screw or a pin, the centering pressing plate 55 is driven by the oil cylinder to rotate and drive the pushing member 56 to rotate, so that the pushing member 56 pushes the centering block 512 (as shown in fig. 5), so as to lock the elastic device 51, and further ensure that the bearing cover 7 is stably positioned.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the elastic connection member 511 includes a shaft movably connected to the centering base 54, a groove 5124 is formed on an end surface (front end surface) of the shaft away from the centering block 512, the spring 5123 is installed in the groove 5124, and the shaft 5122 is fixedly connected to the centering block 512 by a screw.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a clamping groove 311 is formed in one end surface (rear end surface) of the pressing plate 31 close to the telescopic rod 61, when the bearing cap 7 needs to be pressed, the telescopic rod 61 extends out, at this time, the pressing plate 31 is manually clamped with the telescopic rod 61 through the clamping groove 311, and when the pressing plate is contracted in a telescopic manner, the pressing plate 31 is driven to move downwards to press the bearing cap 7.

When the bearing cap 7 is installed in the fixture for fixing, the rotary press plate 321 is firstly opened by the driving device 6, then the bearing cap 7 is sleeved on the centering block 512, in the process of sleeving, the bearing cover 7 presses the centering block 512, so that the centering block 512 moves in the direction away from the limiting block 43 (backwards), when the bearing cap 7 is completely fitted into the holding space 10, the bearing cap 7 is released, at which point the bearing cap 7 moves forward under the influence of the spring force, thereby gradually righting the bearing cap 7, then the locking mechanism 52 is driven to rotate by the driving device 6, the rotating locking mechanism 52 pushes the centering block 512 backwards, so as to lock the centering block 512, then the pressing plate 31 is clamped with the extended telescopic rod 61, finally the telescopic rod 61 is driven to contract by the driving device 6, so that the pressing plate 31 moves downwards along with the telescopic rod 61 to press the bearing cover 7, and the clamping process is completed.

The centering and pressing component of the bearing cap fixing device can extend into the bearing cap and form a clamping space for clamping the fixing part of the bearing cap with the limiting component, the limiting component is used for abutting against the outer side wall of the fixing part, the centering and pressing component is used for abutting against the inner side wall of the fixing part so as to clamp the bearing cover, namely, the centering and pressing component and the limiting component clamp the bearing cover from the inner direction and the outer direction of the bearing cover respectively, because the centering and pressing component extends into the bearing cover to fix the bearing cover, therefore, the space of the external processing surface of the bearing cover is not occupied, namely, the stroke space is provided for the processing cutter of the numerical control machine tool, when different processing surfaces of the bearing cover are processed, the processing of the different processing surfaces of the bearing cover can be completed only by once clamping, the clamping is convenient and fast, the processing efficiency is further improved, and the production cost is reduced.

The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A bearing cap fixing device is used for fixing a bearing cap, and is characterized in that: the fixture comprises an installation plate, a supporting device, a pressing mechanism, a limiting assembly and a centering pressing assembly, wherein the centering pressing assembly can extend into the bearing cover; the centering pressing assembly and the limiting assembly are arranged oppositely, a clamping space is formed between the centering pressing assembly and the limiting assembly, the clamping space is used for clamping the fixing portion of the bearing cover, the limiting assembly is used for abutting against the outer side wall of the fixing portion, and the centering pressing assembly is used for abutting against the inner side wall of the fixing portion.

2. The bearing cap retaining apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the centering and pressing component is provided with an elastic device which is used for abutting against the inner side wall of the fixing part; in the process that the bearing cover is arranged in the clamping space, the elastic device moves in the direction far away from the limiting assembly under the pushing action of the bearing cover; when the bearing cover is arranged in the clamping space, the elastic device moves towards the direction close to the limiting component under the action of the elastic force, so that the elastic device rights the position of the bearing cover.

3. The bearing cap fixture according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the device comprises a driving device, wherein the driving device is arranged on the mounting plate; the centering and compressing assembly is provided with an elastic device and a locking mechanism, the elastic device is used for abutting against the inner side wall of the fixing part, the locking mechanism is connected with the driving device and abutted against one end, far away from the limiting assembly, of the elastic device, and the locking mechanism is driven by the driving device to abut against the elastic device, so that the centering and compressing assembly is in a locking state.

4. The bearing cap retaining apparatus of claim 3, wherein: the centering pressing assembly further comprises a centering base, and the centering base is installed on the installation plate; the elastic device comprises an elastic connecting piece and a centering block, the elastic connecting piece is installed on the centering base, one end of the elastic connecting piece is connected with the centering block, and the centering block is used for abutting against the inner side wall of the fixing part.

5. The bearing cap retaining apparatus of claim 4, wherein: and the two end surfaces of the centering block along the length direction of the clamp are respectively provided with a correcting part in a protruding way, and the correcting parts are used for abutting against the inner side wall of the fixing part.

6. The bearing cap retaining apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the locking mechanism comprises a centering pressing plate and an abutting part, the bottom end of the centering pressing plate is connected with the driving device, the top end of the centering pressing plate is fixedly connected with the abutting part, and the centering pressing plate rotates under the driving of the driving device and drives the abutting part to rotate, so that the abutting part abuts against and pushes the centering block.

7. The bearing cap retaining apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the elastic connecting piece comprises a shaft and a spring, the shaft is movably connected to the centering base, a groove is formed in one end, away from the centering block, of the shaft, the spring is installed in the groove, and the shaft is fixedly connected with the centering block through a screw.

8. The bearing cap retaining apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the device comprises a driving device, wherein the driving device is arranged on the mounting plate and is provided with a telescopic rod capable of extending into the bearing cover; the pressing mechanism comprises a pressing plate for pressing the top surface of the bearing cover, the pressing plate is located above the centering pressing assembly, a clamping groove is formed in one end face, close to the telescopic rod, of the pressing plate, and the clamping groove is clamped with the telescopic rod.

9. The bearing cap retaining apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the supporting device comprises two positioning studs with adjustable height and a floating supporting mechanism, the two positioning studs are used for supporting the bottom of the pressing part of the bearing cover, the floating supporting mechanism and the pressing mechanism are correspondingly arranged and used for supporting the bottom of the fixing part, and the floating supporting mechanism can rotate relative to the horizontal direction and is used for adjusting the horizontal position of the bearing cover.

10. The bearing cap retaining apparatus of claim 9, wherein: the floating support mechanism comprises a floating positioning block and a support, the support is installed on the installation plate, the top surface of the support is provided with an installation groove which penetrates through two opposite side walls of the support along the length direction of the clamp, and the floating positioning block is rotatably installed in the installation groove through a pin shaft.

11. The bearing cap retaining apparatus of claim 10, wherein: the pressing mechanism comprises an end face pressing assembly, the end face pressing assembly is rotatably arranged on the mounting plate and comprises two pressing parts, and the two pressing parts are respectively positioned at the two ends of the end face pressing assembly and used for pressing the top surface of the fixing part; the two ends of the top surface of the floating positioning block are respectively provided with a convex part in a protruding mode along the length direction of the clamp, the two convex parts respectively correspond to the two pressing parts, the convex parts are used for supporting the bottom surface of the fixing part, and the pin shaft is located between the two convex parts.

12. The bearing cap retaining apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the limiting assembly comprises a first positioning seat and a second positioning seat, the first positioning seat and the second positioning seat are installed on the installation plate, one end face, close to the centering and compressing assembly, of the first positioning seat and one end face, close to the centering and compressing assembly, of the second positioning seat are detachably connected with limiting blocks respectively, and the two limiting blocks are used for abutting against the outer side wall of the fixing portion respectively.

13. The bearing cap retaining apparatus of claim 1, wherein: hold-down mechanism includes the terminal surface and compresses tightly the subassembly, the terminal surface compress tightly the subassembly rotationally install in on the mounting panel for the realization compresses tightly or unclamps the fixed part, the terminal surface subassembly includes rotary pressing plate and pressing part, rotary pressing plate with pressing part is located spacing subassembly's top, the opening that runs through rotary pressing plate is seted up to rotary pressing plate's top surface, pressing part is used for the suppression the top surface of fixed part.