CN215659170U - Milling cutter disc replacing and tensioning device for special machine tool for processing low-power samples - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a milling cutter disc replacing and tensioning device for a special machine tool for machining a low-power sample, and relates to the technical field of cutter changing. The tensioning device for replacing the milling cutter disc for the special machine tool for processing the low-power sample can realize that the milling cutter disc is quickly installed on a main shaft of a milling device of the machine tool.

Description

Milling cutter disc replacing and tensioning device for special machine tool for processing low-power samples

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of tool changing, in particular to a milling cutter disc replacing and tensioning device for a special machine tool for processing low-power samples.

Background

The tool changing mechanism of the existing machine tool has a mechanical arm for tool changing and movable tool changing, but the tool is tensioned by adopting a disc spring tension mode through the tool pulling mechanism. The broach mechanism is in a mode of pulling one latin by the pulling claw, the tension force is small, when the broach mechanism is used for tensioning a large cutter, the cutting resistance of the large cutter is large in the machining process, the tension force of a disc spring cannot meet the machining requirement, and the machining is unstable.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a tensioning device for replacing a milling cutter disc for a special machine tool for processing a low-power sample, and aims to solve the technical problems of poor stability and unstable processing of the conventional tensioning device for a large cutter disc.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

the utility model provides a straining device is changed to milling cutter dish that low power sample processing special machine tool was used for the milling unit of lathe, including transition dish, at least one tray quick change mechanism and tool changing revolving stage, tray quick change mechanism include the taper sleeve and with the tight jar of hydraulic positioning clamp that the taper sleeve matches, hydraulic positioning clamp is suitable for to pass through the transition dish is installed on milling unit's the main shaft, the taper sleeve is suitable for to be installed on milling cutter dish, tool changing revolving stage is used for placing milling cutter dish, and drive milling cutter dish rotates extremely quilt the tight position of hydraulic positioning clamp, hydraulic positioning clamp is suitable for through taper sleeve locking or breaking away from milling cutter dish.

According to the tensioning device for replacing the milling cutter disc for the special machine tool for processing the low-power sample, the transition disc is mounted on the main shaft of the milling device and connected with the milling cutter disc through the tray quick-change mechanism, the hydraulic positioning clamping cylinder of the tray quick-change mechanism is mounted on the transition disc, the conical sleeve is mounted on the milling cutter disc, the milling cutter disc is placed on the cutter changing turntable, the cutter changing turntable is rotated to drive the milling cutter disc on the cutter changing turntable to rotate, the hydraulic positioning clamping cylinder and the conical sleeve on the milling cutter disc are aligned and clamped, the locking between the hydraulic positioning clamping cylinder and the conical sleeve realizes that the milling cutter disc is mounted on the main shaft, when the hydraulic positioning clamping cylinder loosens the conical sleeve, the milling cutter disc can be dismounted from the main shaft, the tensioning and replacing of the milling cutter disc are realized through the tray quick-rotation device, the stability is good, and the processing requirements can be better met.

Optionally, this tensioning device is changed to milling cutter dish that low power sample processing special machine tool was used still includes a supporting bench, the supporting bench is suitable for the support the tool changing revolving stage, the tool changing revolving stage passes through the supporting bench is installed one side of lathe, be equipped with a plurality of stations on the tool changing revolving stage, the station is used for placing and has changed or treat the change milling cutter dish, the tool changing revolving stage is suitable for the rotation in order to correspond the station rotates extremely under the main shaft.

Optionally, the tool changing rotary table comprises a rotary table body and a plurality of rotary bodies arranged on the rotary table body in a rotating mode, the rotary table body is connected with the support table and suitable for being opposite to the support table, the rotary body is arranged at the position of the station, the rotary body is suitable for being placed on the rotary body, and the milling cutter disc is driven to rotate relative to the rotary table body.

Optionally, the tensioning device is changed to milling cutter dish that this low power sample processing special purpose machine tool was used still includes blade disc positioning mechanism, blade disc positioning mechanism set up in on the revolving stage body, every the periphery of the solid of revolution all is provided with blade disc positioning mechanism, blade disc positioning mechanism is suitable for the location to correspond the solid of revolution.

Optionally, the cutter positioning mechanism comprises a first cylinder, a first transmission piece and a positioning block, the first cylinder is arranged on the turntable body and is in driving connection with the positioning block through the first transmission piece, and the first cylinder is suitable for driving the positioning block to move towards the direction of the revolving body so as to abut against the revolving body.

Optionally, the circumferential side wall of the revolving body is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves, one end of the positioning block, which is close to the revolving body, is provided with a positioning protrusion, the positioning protrusion is matched with the positioning grooves, and the positioning protrusion is suitable for being inserted into the positioning groove.

Optionally, this straining device is changed to milling cutter dish that low power sample processing special machine tool was used still includes cutter pressing mechanism, cutter pressing mechanism set up in on the revolving stage body, every the periphery of the solid of revolution all is provided with one or more cutter pressing mechanism, cutter pressing mechanism is suitable for to compress tightly the correspondence on the solid of revolution milling cutter dish.

Optionally, the cutter pressing mechanism includes second cylinder, second driving medium, briquetting and mount pad, the second cylinder reaches the mount pad is all installed on the revolving stage body, the briquetting rotate set up in on the mount pad, the second cylinder passes through the second driving medium with the briquetting drive is connected, the second cylinder is suitable for the drive the briquetting is relative the mount pad rotates, in order to compress tightly on the milling cutter dish.

Optionally, a boss is arranged on one side end face of the pressing block, and when the second cylinder drives the pressing block to rotate relative to the mounting seat, the boss is suitable for moving the milling cutter disc to compress the milling cutter disc.

Optionally, the milling cutter disc replacement tensioning device for the special machine tool for machining the macroscopic test sample further comprises an oil pressure rotary distributor, the oil pressure rotary distributor is suitable for being installed on the spindle, and the oil pressure rotary distributor is communicated with the hydraulic positioning clamping cylinder.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a milling cutter disc replacing tensioning device for a special machine tool for processing a macroscopic test sample according to an embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 2 is a front view of a milling cutter disc replacement tensioner for a macro specimen processing specific machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken at A in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an installation structure among the knife pressing mechanism, the cutter head positioning mechanism and the revolving body according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a cutter head positioning mechanism according to an embodiment of the utility model;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a knife pressing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1. a transition disk; 2. a tray quick-change mechanism; 21. a taper sleeve; 22. a hydraulic positioning clamping cylinder; 3. a main shaft; 4. a tool changing turntable; 41. a turntable body; 42. a revolving body; 421. a positioning groove; 5. a support table; 6. an oil pressure rotary distributor; 7. a cutter head positioning mechanism; 71. a first cylinder; 72. a first transmission member; 73. positioning blocks; 731. positioning the projection; 8. a knife pressing mechanism; 81. a second cylinder; 82. a second transmission member; 83. briquetting; 831. a boss; 84. a mounting seat; 9. a milling cutter disc; l1, first axis; l2, second axis.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", and the like in the embodiments indicate orientation words, which are used for simplifying the description of positional relationships based on the drawings of the specification, and do not represent that elements, devices, and the like which are referred to must operate according to specific orientations and defined operations and methods, configurations in the specification, and such orientation terms do not constitute limitations of the present invention.

Herein, a coordinate system XYZ is provided, wherein a forward direction of the X-axis represents a left direction, a reverse direction of the X-axis represents a right direction, a forward direction of the Y-axis represents a front direction, a reverse direction of the Y-axis represents a rear direction, a forward direction of the Z-axis represents an upper direction, and a reverse direction of the Z-axis represents a lower direction.

As shown in fig. 1-2, the replacing and tensioning device for a milling cutter disc of a machine tool special for machining a macroscopic sample according to an embodiment of the present invention is a milling device for a machine tool, and includes a transition disc 1, at least one tray quick-change mechanism 2 and a tool-changing turntable 4, where the tray quick-change mechanism 2 includes a taper sleeve 21 and a hydraulic positioning and clamping cylinder 22 matched with the taper sleeve 21, the hydraulic positioning and clamping cylinder 22 is adapted to be installed on a spindle 3 of the milling device through the transition disc 1, the taper sleeve 21 is adapted to be installed on the milling cutter disc 9, the tool-changing turntable 4 is adapted to place the milling cutter disc 9 and drive the milling cutter disc 9 to rotate to a position clamped by the hydraulic positioning and clamping cylinder 22, and the hydraulic positioning and clamping cylinder 22 is adapted to be locked or separated from the milling cutter disc 9 through the taper sleeve 21.

In this embodiment, the shown direction setting of Z axle is followed to milling equipment's main shaft 3, transition dish 1 is installed to the lower extreme of main shaft 3, as shown in fig. 3, the lower terminal surface (towards the terminal surface of milling cutter dish 9) of transition dish 1 is equipped with the mounting groove, and the mounting groove is embedded to be equipped with hydraulic positioning presss from both sides tight jar 22, hydraulic positioning presss from both sides tight jar 22 quantity and can set up arbitrary number such as two, four, can set up according to milling cutter dish quotation diameter is nimble, and when milling cutter dish 9's quotation diameter is great, hydraulic positioning presss from both sides tight jar 22 quantity and increases in an appropriate amount. The milling cutter is characterized in that an opening taper sleeve is arranged on the hydraulic positioning clamping cylinder 22, taper sleeves 21 matched with the hydraulic positioning clamping cylinder 22 in shape and number are arranged on the milling cutter disc 9, and the opening taper sleeve on the hydraulic positioning clamping cylinder 22 is tightly connected with a tapered reference surface of the taper sleeve 21 on the milling cutter disc 9, so that the milling cutter disc 9 is stably clamped.

Tool changing revolving stage 4 is located hydraulic positioning presss from both sides the below of tight jar 22, tool changing revolving stage 4 can 360 rotations, places milling cutter dish 9 on tool changing revolving stage 4, tool changing revolving stage 4 rotates and drives milling cutter dish 9 rotatory to make the taper sleeve 21 on the milling cutter dish 9 with hydraulic positioning presss from both sides tight jar 22 and aims at tightly pressing from both sides, realizes installing milling cutter dish 9 on main shaft 3 through the locking between hydraulic positioning presss from both sides tight jar 22 and the taper sleeve 21, when hydraulic positioning presss from both sides tight jar 22 and loosens taper sleeve 21, can lift milling cutter dish 9 from main shaft 3, realized straining, the change to milling cutter dish 9 through the quick-rotating device of tray, stability is good, can satisfy the processing requirement better.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 1-2, this tensioning device is changed to milling cutter dish that low power sample processing special machine tool was used still includes a supporting bench 5, a supporting bench 5 is suitable for the support tool changing revolving stage 4, tool changing revolving stage 4 is suitable for to pass through supporting bench 5 is installed one side of lathe, be equipped with a plurality of stations on the tool changing revolving stage 4, the station is used for placing and has changed or treat to change milling cutter dish 9, tool changing revolving stage 4 is suitable for the rotation in order to correspond the station rotate extremely under main shaft 3.

In this embodiment, the tool changing turret 4 may be provided with two stations, one of which is used to place the worn milling cutter head 9 detached from the spindle 3, and one of which is used to place the milling cutter head to be replaced, i.e., a new milling cutter head 9.

When milling cutter dish 9 wearing and tearing, rotate tool changing revolving stage 4 for a station that is used for placing wearing and tearing milling cutter dish 9 is located under main shaft 3, main shaft 3 descends to corresponding on the station, on the transition dish 1 hydraulic positioning presss from both sides tight cylinder 22 and loosens taper sleeve 21, milling cutter dish 9 is followed main shaft 3 is gone up and is unloaded, and falls on corresponding on the station. Then, the main shaft 3 rises, the tool changing rotary table 4 is rotated, a station for placing a milling cutter disc to be replaced is positioned under the main shaft 3, the main shaft 3 descends to enable the end face of the transition disc 1 to be in butt joint with the end face of the milling cutter disc 9 to be replaced, the taper sleeve is locked by the hydraulic positioning clamping cylinder 22, the new milling cutter disc 9 is stably tensioned on the main shaft 3, the main shaft 3 rises, and accordingly, the whole tool changing process is completed. The worn milling cutter disc 9 that has been replaced can be subjected to a blade replacement, awaiting further use.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 1, the tool changing rotary table 4 includes a rotary table body 41 and a plurality of rotary bodies 42 rotatably disposed on the rotary table body 41, the rotary table body 41 is connected to the supporting table 5 and is suitable for relatively the supporting table 5 rotates, each station is provided with the rotary bodies 42, the rotary bodies 42 are suitable for placing the milling cutter disc 9 to drive the milling cutter disc 9 relatively the rotary table body 41 rotates.

In this embodiment, revolving stage body 41 is the round platform shape, revolving body 42 is installed in the rotation on revolving stage body 41's the station, revolving body 42 can 360 rotatory, revolving body 42 can set up two, and one of them is used for placing the milling cutter dish 9 of the wearing and tearing that come down from main shaft 3, and another is used for placing the milling cutter dish 9 (new milling cutter dish) that treats to change.

The revolving body 42 rotates to drive the milling cutter disc 9 thereon to rotate, so that an operator can conveniently replace the blades on the worn milling cutter disc, and the blades can be generally provided with 15 blades. If the revolving body 42 is not provided or the revolving body 42 is fixed relative to the revolving table body 41, the replacement of the blade can be realized only by the operator who needs to move around the milling cutter disc 9, the replacement process is inconvenient, and if the operator who keeps the position without moving replaces the blade, the difficulty of replacing the blade is large; the design of the 360-degree rotatable revolving body 42 for placing the milling cutter disc 9 can solve the problem well.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the milling cutter disc replacing tensioning device for the special machine tool for machining the macroscopic test sample further comprises a cutter disc positioning mechanism 7, the cutter disc positioning mechanism 7 is arranged on the turntable body 41, each cutter disc positioning mechanism 7 is arranged on the periphery of the revolving body 42, and the cutter disc positioning mechanism 7 is suitable for positioning the corresponding revolving body 42 for positioning.

In this embodiment, cutter head positioning mechanism 7 is used for fixing a position the solid of revolution 42, cutter head positioning mechanism 7 can set up a plurality ofly in order to improve the degree of accuracy of location, solid of revolution 42 includes a plurality of discs that increase in proper order from the top down size, milling cutter dish 9 is suitable for and is located a disc cooperation of the top.

After the blades on the worn milling cutter disc 9 are replaced, when waiting for the next use, the cutter disc positioning mechanism 7 can correspondingly fix the revolving body 42 below the milling cutter disc 9 to prevent the revolving body 42 from rotating to drive the milling cutter disc 9 to rotate, so that the milling cutter disc 9 can be locked and fixed.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 5, the cutter positioning mechanism 7 includes a first cylinder 71, a first transmission member 72 and a positioning block 73, the first cylinder 71 is disposed on the turntable body 41, the first cylinder 71 is in driving connection with the positioning block 73 through the first transmission member 72, and the first cylinder 71 is adapted to drive the positioning block 73 to move toward the revolving body 42 so as to abut against the revolving body 42.

In this embodiment, the first cylinder 71 is horizontally disposed, the first cylinder 71 may be disposed on the turntable body 41 through the cushion block, the output end of the first cylinder 71 is connected to a first transmission member 72, the other end of the first transmission member 72 is rotatably connected to a positioning block 73 and points to the rotation body 42, the first transmission member 72 is horizontally disposed, and the first transmission member 72 is rod-shaped. When the milling cutter disc 9 on the revolving body 42 needs to be locked, the first cylinder 71 extends to drive the first transmission member 72 to drive the positioning block 73 to move, so that the positioning block 73 is tightly abutted to the outer peripheral wall of the revolving body 42.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, a plurality of positioning grooves 421 are formed in a circumferential side wall of the revolving body 42, a positioning protrusion 731 is formed at one end of the positioning block 73 close to the revolving body 42, the positioning protrusion 731 is adapted to fit the positioning grooves 421, and the positioning protrusion 731 is adapted to be selectively inserted into the positioning groove 421.

In this embodiment, the positioning groove 421 is disposed on one of the disks of the revolving body 42, the cross-sectional shape of the positioning groove 421 is a triangle, a trapezoid, or the like, the positioning block 73 is provided with a positioning protrusion 731 at one end pointing to the revolving body 42, and the shape of the positioning protrusion 731 is adapted to the shape of the positioning groove 421.

A plurality of positioning grooves 421 may be provided, and when the rotator 42 needs to be positioned, the first cylinder 71 drives the positioning block 73 to move so that the positioning protrusion 731 abuts against one of the positioning grooves 421, thereby achieving the purpose of positioning the rotator 42.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the milling cutter disc replacing and tensioning device for the special machine tool for machining the macroscopic test sample further includes a cutter pressing mechanism 8, the cutter pressing mechanism 8 is disposed on the turntable body 41, one or more cutter pressing mechanisms 8 are disposed on the periphery of each revolving body 42, and the cutter pressing mechanisms 8 are adapted to press the corresponding milling cutter discs 9 on the revolving bodies 42.

In this embodiment, the cutter pressing mechanism 8 is disposed on the periphery of each revolving body 42, and one or more, for example, two cutter pressing mechanisms 8 are disposed, and the cutter pressing mechanisms 8 are used for positioning the milling cutter disc 9 on the revolving body 42. The cutter pressing mechanism 8 is suitable for being pressed with the upper disc surface of the milling cutter disc 9.

When the worn milling cutter disc 9 is replaced, the hydraulic positioning clamping cylinder 22 loosens the taper sleeve 21, so that the worn milling cutter disc 9 falls on the revolving body 42 at the corresponding station, and then the cutter pressing mechanism 8 presses the disc surface of the milling cutter disc 9, so as to ensure that the milling cutter disc can completely follow the lower end of the main shaft 3 is separated, and then the main shaft 3 is lifted, and the new milling cutter disc 9 is continuously installed.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 6, the cutter pressing mechanism 8 includes a second cylinder 81, a second transmission 82, a pressing block 83 and a mounting seat 84, the second cylinder 81 and the mounting seat 84 are both installed on the turntable body 41, the pressing block 83 is rotatably disposed on the mounting seat 84, the second cylinder 81 is in driving connection with the pressing block 83 through the second transmission 82, and the second cylinder 81 is adapted to drive the pressing block 83 to rotate relative to the mounting seat 84 so as to press the milling cutter disc 9.

In this embodiment, the second cylinder 81 and the mounting seat 84 are vertically disposed on the turntable body 41, an output end of the second cylinder 81 drives the second transmission member 82 to move upward, and the second transmission member 82 may be a transmission block.

A boss 831 is arranged on one side end face of the pressing block 83, and when the pressing block 83 is driven by the second air cylinder 81 to rotate, the boss 831 is suitable for moving towards the milling cutter disc 9 so as to be pressed on the milling cutter disc 9.

Illustratively, the pressing block 83 includes an L-shaped block, one end of which forms the boss 831, and a connecting rod, which is perpendicularly connected to the L-shaped block. The upper end of the second transmission piece 82 and the connecting rod of the pressing block 83 are rotationally connected around a second axis L2, one end of the L-shaped block is rotationally connected around a first axis L1 by the mounting base 84, the first axis L1 is relatively parallel to the second axis L2, and the other end of the L-shaped block is suitable for being pressed on the disc surface of the milling cutter disc 9.

When needs compress tightly during the facing cutter 9, the second cylinder 81 upwards extends to the drive the connecting rod of briquetting 83 is around the first axis the facing cutter one side is rotated, L type piece is around the second axis the facing cutter 9 one side is rotated, until the other end of L type piece compresses tightly the up end of facing cutter 9, second cylinder 81 stop motion.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 1-2, the milling cutter disc replacing and tensioning device for the special machine tool for machining the macroscopic test sample further comprises an oil pressure rotary distributor 6, wherein the oil pressure rotary distributor 6 is suitable for being installed on the main shaft 3, and the oil pressure rotary distributor 6 is communicated with the hydraulic positioning and clamping cylinder 22.

In this embodiment, when a plurality of hydraulic positioning clamping cylinders 22 are installed on the transition disc 1 at the lower end of the main shaft 3, the oil pressure rotary distributor 6 may be installed at the upper end of the main shaft 3, and the oil pressure rotary distributor 6 and each hydraulic positioning clamping cylinder are provided with corresponding oil passages therebetween, so that hydraulic oil is uniformly distributed to each hydraulic positioning clamping cylinder 22 through the oil pressure rotary distributor and the corresponding oil passages, stable operation of the hydraulic positioning clamping cylinders 22 is ensured, and a stable clamping force can be provided.

Although the present disclosure has been described above, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and these changes and modifications are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. A replacing and tensioning device of a milling cutter disc for a special machine tool for processing a macroscopic sample, which is used for a milling device of the machine tool, it is characterized by comprising a transition disc (1), at least one tray quick-change mechanism (2) and a tool changing rotary table (4), the tray quick-change mechanism (2) comprises a taper sleeve (21) and a hydraulic positioning clamping cylinder (22) matched with the taper sleeve (21), the hydraulic positioning and clamping cylinder (22) is suitable for being installed on a main shaft (3) of the milling device through the transition disc (1), the taper sleeve (21) is suitable for being arranged on a milling cutter disc (9), the tool changing rotary table (4) is used for placing the milling cutter disc (9), and drives the milling cutter disc (9) to rotate to the position clamped by the hydraulic positioning and clamping cylinder (22), the hydraulic positioning and clamping cylinder (22) is suitable for being locked or separated from the milling cutter disc (9) through the taper sleeve (21).

2. The milling cutter disc replacing and tensioning device for the macroscopic specimen processing special machine tool according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a supporting table (5), wherein the supporting table (5) is suitable for supporting the tool changing rotary table (4), the supporting table (5) is installed on one side of the machine tool through the tool changing rotary table (4), a plurality of stations are arranged on the tool changing rotary table (4), and the stations are used for placing the milling cutter disc (9) which is replaced or is to be replaced.

3. The milling cutter disc replacing and tensioning device for the macroscopic specimen processing special machine tool according to claim 2, wherein the tool changing rotary table (4) comprises a rotary table body (41) and a plurality of rotary bodies (42) arranged on the rotary table body (41) in a rotating mode, the rotary table body (41) is connected with the support table (5) and is suitable for relative rotation of the support table (5), each rotary body (42) is arranged at the position of each station, the rotary bodies (42) are suitable for placing the milling cutter disc (9) so as to drive the milling cutter disc (9) to rotate relative to the rotary table body (41).

4. The milling cutter disc replacing and tensioning device for the macroscopic specimen processing special machine tool according to claim 3, further comprising a cutter disc positioning mechanism (7), wherein the cutter disc positioning mechanism (7) is arranged on the turntable body (41), the cutter disc positioning mechanism (7) is arranged on the periphery of each revolving body (42), and the cutter disc positioning mechanism (7) is suitable for positioning the corresponding revolving body (42) for positioning.

5. The milling cutter disc replacing and tensioning device for the special machine tool for machining the macroscopic test sample according to claim 4, wherein the cutter disc positioning mechanism (7) comprises a first air cylinder (71), a first transmission piece (72) and a positioning block (73), the first air cylinder (71) is arranged on the turntable body (41), the first air cylinder (71) is in driving connection with the positioning block (73) through the first transmission piece (72), and the first air cylinder (71) is suitable for driving the positioning block (73) to move towards the direction of the rotator (42) so as to tightly abut against the rotator (42).

6. The milling cutter disc replacing and tensioning device for the special machine tool for machining the macroscopic test sample according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of positioning grooves (421) are formed in the circumferential side wall of the revolving body (42), a positioning protrusion (731) is formed at one end, close to the revolving body (42), of the positioning block (73), the positioning protrusion (731) is matched with the positioning grooves (421), and the positioning protrusion (731) is suitable for being inserted into the positioning groove (421) alternatively.

7. The milling cutter disc replacing and tensioning device for the macroscopic specimen processing special machine tool according to claim 3, further comprising a pressing cutter mechanism (8), wherein the pressing cutter mechanism (8) is arranged on the turntable body (41), one or more pressing cutter mechanisms (8) are arranged on the periphery of each revolving body (42), and the pressing cutter mechanism (8) is suitable for pressing the corresponding milling cutter disc (9) on the revolving body (42).

8. The milling cutter disc replacing and tensioning device for the macroscopic specimen processing special machine tool according to claim 7, wherein the cutter pressing mechanism (8) comprises a second air cylinder (81), a second transmission piece (82), a pressing block (83) and a mounting seat (84), the second air cylinder (81) and the mounting seat (84) are both mounted on the turntable body (41), the pressing block (83) is rotatably arranged on the mounting seat (84), the second air cylinder (81) is in driving connection with the pressing block (83) through the second transmission piece (82), and the second air cylinder (81) is suitable for driving the pressing block (83) to rotate relative to the mounting seat (84) so as to press the milling cutter disc (9).

9. The milling cutter disc replacing and tensioning device for the special machine tool for machining the macroscopic test sample according to claim 8, wherein a boss (831) is arranged on one side end face of the pressing block (83), and when the pressing block (83) is driven by the second air cylinder (81) to rotate relative to the mounting seat (84), the boss (831) is suitable for moving towards the milling cutter disc (9) to compress the milling cutter disc (9).

10. A milling cutter disc replacement tensioning device for special machine tools for machining macroscopic samples according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising an oil pressure rotary distributor (6), said oil pressure rotary distributor (6) being adapted to be mounted on said spindle (3), said oil pressure rotary distributor (6) being in communication with said hydraulic positioning clamping cylinder (22).

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