CN212676470U - Omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

An omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna, comprising: the antenna comprises a first antenna substrate, a second antenna substrate and a third antenna substrate, wherein the first antenna substrate is provided with a plurality of first conductive patches which are sequentially arranged end to end in an adjacent mode, and the first antenna substrate is grounded; the second antenna substrate is provided with a conductive disc and a plurality of second conductive patches; the antenna comprises a plurality of conductive channels, a first antenna substrate, a second antenna substrate, a plurality of first conductive patches and a plurality of second conductive patches, wherein the first end of any one conductive channel is provided with a first conductive through hole, the second end of any one conductive channel is provided with a second conductive through hole, the conductive channels are vertically arranged between the first antenna substrate and the second antenna substrate, the plurality of first conductive through holes are respectively and electrically connected with the corresponding first conductive patches, and the plurality of second conductive through holes are respectively and electrically connected with the first ends of the corresponding second conductive patches; and a monopole radiator having a first end connected to the conductive pad and a second end connected to the center conductor of the coaxial cable, the monopole radiator being parallel to the conductive path. An electronic device is also provided. The utility model discloses be particularly useful for small-size electronic equipment 5G communication.

Description

Omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna and electronic equipment

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of communication equipment, especially, relate to an omnidirectional circular polarized antenna to and an electronic equipment who uses this kind of omnidirectional circular polarized antenna.

Background

The 5G mobile communication network will use wider millimeter wave frequency bandwidth, which can be obtained by increasing the operating frequency. The 28GHz frequency band is suitable for a 5G millimeter wave cellular system, and 27.5 GHz-28.35 GHz is set by the Federal communications Commission in 2016 (7) as a 5G application frequency band.

In the prior art, antennas with the center frequency of 28GHz mostly do not realize the Omnidirectional Circular Polarization (OCP) radiation characteristic. A small part of the antenna which can realize the OCP radiation characteristic at 27GHz has a large volume, and cannot be applied to small electronic products such as mobile phones or wearable equipment. The other small part of the antenna can realize circular polarization radiation at 28GHz, but not omnidirectional radiation, and the antenna adopts a multilayer structure and has a complex structure.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model discloses to current central frequency do not realize the circular polarization radiation characteristic of qxcomm technology at 28 GHz's antenna most, antenna volume is great, the structure is complicated, can't be applicable to small-size electronic equipment's problem, designs and provides a circular polarization antenna of qxcomm technology.

In order to realize the purpose of the utility model, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme to realize:

an omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna, comprising: the antenna comprises a first antenna substrate, a second antenna substrate and a third antenna substrate, wherein the first antenna substrate is provided with a plurality of first conductive patches which are sequentially arranged end to end in an adjacent mode, and the first antenna substrate is grounded; a second antenna substrate on which a conductive disc and a plurality of second conductive patches are disposed; the antenna comprises a plurality of conductive channels, a first antenna substrate and a second antenna substrate, wherein a first end of any one of the conductive channels is provided with a first conductive through hole, a second end of any one of the conductive channels is provided with a second conductive through hole, the conductive channels are vertically arranged between the first antenna substrate and the second antenna substrate, the plurality of first conductive through holes are respectively and electrically connected with corresponding first conductive patches, and the plurality of second conductive through holes are respectively and electrically connected with first ends of corresponding second conductive patches; and a monopole radiator having a first end connected to the conductive pad and a second end connected to the center conductor of the coaxial cable, the monopole radiator being parallel to the conductive path.

Furthermore, be provided with the ground plate on the first antenna base plate, the connecting hole has been seted up on the ground plate, the second end of monopole radiator to the connecting hole extends, and coaxial cable certainly the connecting hole stretches into, the surface of coaxial cable is connected to the inner wall of connecting hole.

Furthermore, the centers of the first antenna substrate, the grounding disc and the connecting hole are overlapped, the first antenna substrate is in a rounded rectangle shape, and a plurality of first conductive patches are sequentially arranged at a plurality of edges of the first antenna substrate in a first direction in an end-to-end adjacent manner; the grounding plate is in a round corner rectangle shape.

Preferably, the distance between the first conductive patch and the adjacent first conductive via is equal to the distance between the side edge of the first conductive patch and the side edge of the ground pad.

Further, the second antenna substrate coincides with the center of the conductive plate.

Furthermore, the second antenna substrate is a rounded rectangle, the second ends of the second conductive patches are connected with the conductive disc through corresponding connecting wires, any connecting wire is perpendicular to the second conductive patches connected with the second conductive patches, the second conductive patches are sequentially arranged on the edge of the second antenna substrate along the second direction, and the second direction is opposite to the first direction.

Preferably, the width of the connecting wire is smaller than the width of the second conductive patch.

Preferably, the conductive channel is a copper plated cylinder.

Preferably, the first conductive patch and the second conductive patch are copper patches.

Another aspect of the utility model provides an electronic equipment, including the circular polarized antenna of qxcomm technology, include: the antenna comprises a first antenna substrate, a second antenna substrate and a third antenna substrate, wherein the first antenna substrate is provided with a plurality of first conductive patches which are sequentially arranged end to end in an adjacent mode, and the first antenna substrate is grounded; a second antenna substrate on which a conductive disc and a plurality of second conductive patches are disposed; the antenna comprises a plurality of conductive channels, a first antenna substrate and a second antenna substrate, wherein a first end of any one of the conductive channels is provided with a first conductive through hole, a second end of any one of the conductive channels is provided with a second conductive through hole, the conductive channels are vertically arranged between the first antenna substrate and the second antenna substrate, the plurality of first conductive through holes are respectively and electrically connected with corresponding first conductive patches, and the plurality of second conductive through holes are respectively and electrically connected with first ends of corresponding second conductive patches; and a monopole radiator having a first end connected to the conductive pad and a second end connected to the center conductor of the coaxial cable, the monopole radiator being parallel to the conductive path.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses an advantage is with positive effect:

the utility model provides an among the circular polarized antenna of qxcomm technology, the electric dipole that constitutes by monopole radiator and conductive channel is parallel with the magnetic dipole that a plurality of first conductive patches constitute and can radiate with appropriate phase difference to make the antenna realize having LHCP or RHCP's circular polarized radiation of qxcomm technology on the whole, have good performance parameter at 28 GHz. The elements constituting the electric dipole and the magnetic dipole are integrated on or between the two antenna substrates, have compact structure, small volume and easy manufacture and integration, and are suitable for short-distance communication, in particular for 5G communication of small electronic equipment.

Other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of an omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a bottom view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1;

fig. 4 is a current distribution of the omni-directional circularly polarized antenna provided in this embodiment at 3.28 GHz;

fig. 5 shows the S11 parameter and axial ratio of the omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna provided by the present embodiment in the simulation state;

fig. 6 is a total gain pattern of the omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna provided in the present embodiment;

fig. 7 shows left-hand circularly polarized and right-hand circularly polarized gain patterns of the omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna provided in this embodiment in the E plane.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms of direction or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In order to solve the problems that most of the existing antennas with the center frequency of 28GHz do not realize the omnidirectional circularly polarized radiation characteristic, have large volume and complex structure and cannot be applied to small electronic equipment, an optimally designed omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna is shown in figures 1 to 3, and the main body of the omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna 1 consists of a first antenna substrate 11 and a second antenna substrate 12 which are arranged at intervals up and down and form a certain space in the middle. The first antenna substrate 11 and the second antenna substrate 12 may be made of high frequency circuit boards, such as RT/duroid 5880 high frequency laminate manufactured and sold by Rogers. The substrate had a dielectric constant of 2.2, a loss tangent of 0.0009 and a thickness H of 1 mm. The antenna is designed to be fed by coaxial lines. The first antenna substrate 11 is grounded, a plurality of first conductive patches 13 are arranged on the first antenna substrate 11, and the first conductive patches 13 are sequentially arranged end to form a non-closed annular array. The second antenna substrate 12 is provided with a conductive plate 21, and the second antenna substrate 12 is provided with a plurality of second conductive patches 20. A plurality of conductive vias 16 are disposed between the first antenna substrate 11 and the second antenna substrate 12, wherein each conductive via 16 is provided with a first conductive via 14 at a first end and a second conductive via 18 at a second end. The conductive path 16 is vertically disposed between the first antenna substrate 11 and the second antenna substrate 12. The plurality of first conductive vias 14 are electrically connected to the corresponding first conductive patches 13, respectively, and the plurality of second conductive vias 18 are electrically connected to the first ends of the corresponding second conductive patches 20, respectively, so as to form a plurality of current paths perpendicular to the antenna substrate. The monopole radiator 17 is connected at a first end to the conductor plate 21 and at a second end to the central conductor of the coaxial cable (not shown). The current distribution pattern of the omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna 1 is shown in fig. 4, and the current on the first conductive patch 13 on the first antenna substrate 11 on the lower side forms a current loop, and this part of the current loop generates a magnetic dipole M. At the same time, the vertical currents on the monopole radiator 17 and on the plurality of conductive channels 16 generate an electric dipole E. The electric dipole E and the magnetic dipole M are oriented parallel to each other. Based on the principle of the huygens source antenna, different radiation patterns can be obtained by combining an electric dipole E and a magnetic dipole M having a specific orientation and controlling the phase difference between them: if the electric dipole E is parallel to the magnetic dipole M and excited with a phase difference of 90 degrees, an omnidirectional circularly polarized radiation pattern, i.e., a Right Circular Polarization (RHCP), can be generated; another omnidirectional circularly polarized radiation pattern, the Left-handed circularly polarized (LHCP), can also be generated if the electric dipole E is parallel and opposite to the magnetic dipole M and excited with a phase difference of 90 degrees. In the omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna 1 provided in the present embodiment, the electric dipole E formed by the monopole radiator 17 and the conductive path 16 is parallel to the magnetic dipole M formed by the plurality of first conductive patches 13 and can radiate with an appropriate phase difference, so that the antenna as a whole realizes omnidirectional circularly polarized radiation with LHCP or RHCP, and has good performance parameters at 28 GHz. The elements constituting the electric dipole E and the magnetic dipole M are integrated on or between the two antenna substrates, are compact, small and easy to manufacture and integrate, and are suitable for short-distance communication, in particular for 5G communication of small electronic devices.

In an alternative configuration, the first antenna substrate 11 is grounded via a ground pad 15, as shown in fig. 2. In particular, the first antenna substrate 11 and the ground plane 15 both adopt the basic design of a rounded rectangle. The grounding plate 15 is provided with a connecting hole 19. The second end of the monopole radiator 17 extends to the connection hole 19, a coaxial cable (not shown in the figure) extends from the connection hole 19, the second end of the monopole radiator 17 is connected with the central conductor of the coaxial cable, the antenna is integrally sleeved on the outer side of the coaxial cable, the inner wall of the connection hole 19 of the grounding plate 15 is connected with the outer surface of the coaxial cable, and the connection structure is stable.

As a whole, the centers of the first antenna substrate 11, the ground plate 15 and the connection hole 19 coincide, and the first antenna substrate 11, which is preferably designed to be a square with rounded corners, has four perpendicular sides and four rounded corners, so that the four first conductive patches 13 can be sequentially and respectively arranged at the four edges of the first antenna substrate 11 along the first direction D1 in an end-to-end adjacent manner, for example, as shown in fig. 2, sequentially arranged along the counterclockwise direction.

As shown in fig. 3, the second antenna substrate 12 coincides with the center of the conductive plate 21 on the second antenna substrate 12 side. The second antenna substrate 12 is also preferably of rounded rectangular, in particular rounded square, design. Again with four perpendicular and equally long sides and four rounded corners. The second ends of the second conductive patches 20 are connected to the conductive disc 21 through corresponding connecting wires 22 in a radial shape, and any connecting wire 22 is perpendicular to the connected second conductive patches 20. Such four second conductive patches 20 are sequentially arranged at four edges of the second antenna substrate 12 along the second direction D2, where the second direction D2 is opposite to the first direction D1. For example, in a clockwise direction as shown in fig. 3.

The track design of the omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna provided in this embodiment is further described with reference to fig. 1 to 3: starting with the monopole radiator 17, the monopole radiator 17 vertically passes through the connection hole 19 of the first antenna substrate 11, and connects to the conductive pad 21 located at the center of the second antenna substrate 12, the monopole radiator 17 being disposed concentrically with the conductive pad 21; four copper connecting wires 22 of width W2 radiate outwardly at 90 degree intervals, centered on the monopole radiator 17, the copper connecting wires 22 extending from the center conductor of the monopole radiator 17 to the four edges of the second antenna substrate 12, the end of each copper connecting wire 22 being connected to the second end of a second conductive patch 20, the outer edge of the second conductive patch 20 being aligned with and coincident with the outer edge of the second antenna substrate 12, each second conductive patch 20 being arranged in a clockwise direction along the edge of the second antenna substrate 12, the first end of the second conductive patch 20 terminating at a second conductive via 18 at a rounded corner of the second antenna substrate 12 and being electrically connected to the second conductive via 18. The second conductive via 18 is connected to the corresponding first conductive via 14 at the position of the fillet of the first antenna substrate 11 through the conductive via 16. Preferably, the first conductive through hole 14 is a circular hole formed at a first end cross section of the copper plating cylinder, the second conductive through hole 18 is a circular hole formed at a second end cross section of the copper plating cylinder, the four copper plating cylinders are respectively arranged at four circular corners, and the electrical connection between the first conductive through hole 14 and the second conductive through hole 18 is formed based on the conductive characteristics of the copper plating cylinders. The first conductive vias 14 are electrically connected to the corresponding first conductive patches 13, and the first conductive patches 13 are continuously arranged at the edge of the first antenna substrate 11 along the first direction D1, that is, the first conductive patches 13 extend to the vicinity of the adjacent first conductive vias 14 along the counterclockwise direction opposite to the extending direction of the second conductive patches 20, and the whole structure is similar to a ring-shaped layout with the first conductive vias 14 as the head ends and the head ends adjacent to each other.

As shown in fig. 4, in the arrangement direction of the first conductive patches 13 and the second conductive patches 20 shown in fig. 1 to 3, the currents on the first antenna substrate 11, the plurality of first conductive patches 13 on the second antenna substrate 12, the plurality of second conductive patches 20 and the ground pad 15 form a current loop, the current loop generates a magnetic dipole M in the + z direction, and the monopole radiator 17 and the vertical currents on the four conductive channels 16 generate an electric dipole E in the + z direction. The electric dipole E and the magnetic dipole M are in the same direction and parallel to each other, and the antenna can realize LHCP radiation characteristics. Since the direction of the layout rotation of the first conductive patch 13 and the second conductive patch 20 determines the direction of the magnetic dipole M, if the direction of the layout rotation of the plurality of first conductive patches 13 and the plurality of second conductive patches 20 on the first antenna substrate 11 and the second antenna substrate 12 is changed, the type of circular polarization of the antenna can be changed, that is, right-hand circular polarization or left-hand circular polarization is generated.

The first antenna substrate 11 and the second antenna substrate 12 are preferably rounded squares, the preferred size is 3.28mm × 3.28mm × 1mm, the first conductive patch 13 and the second conductive patch 20 are copper patches, and the antenna structure is simple and easy to manufacture and integrate. The distance between the tip of the first conductive patch 13 and the adjacent first conductive via 14 is preferably equal to the distance between the side edge of the first conductive patch 13 and the side edge of the ground pad 15, as shown by W3 in fig. 2, and W3 is preferably designed to be 0.1 mm. As shown in fig. 3, the width W2 of the connection lead 22 is smaller than the width W1 of the second conductive patch 20, the width W2 of the connection lead 22 is preferably designed to be 0.15mm, and the width of the second conductive patch 20 is preferably designed to be 0.5mm, in order to balance the overall structural strength, the antenna performance and the antenna size. From the simulation image of fig. 5, it can be seen that the S11 parameter and the axial ratio of the omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna, and the simulation result shows that the-10 dB impedance bandwidth of the antenna is from 27.3GHz to 28.8GHz, i.e. the impedance bandwidth is 1.5GHz, and the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth is from 26.2GHz to 28.8GHz, i.e. the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth is 2.6GHz, covering the whole 27.5GHz to 28.35GHz band dedicated to 5G wireless communication. The total gain pattern of the antenna is shown in fig. 6, and the left-hand and right-hand circularly polarized gain patterns of the antenna in the E-plane are shown in fig. 7, and it can be seen that the polarization mode of the antenna is left-hand circularly polarized, and the antenna can generate a very good circularly polarized radiation pattern at 28 GHz.

The utility model discloses disclose an electronic equipment simultaneously, use this kind of qxcomm technology circular polarized antenna. The electronic device includes, but is not limited to, an antenna array for a cell phone, a wearable device, a VR device, or an AR device, wherein the wearable device includes, but is not limited to, at least one of an earpiece, a smart bracelet, a smart watch, a smart ring, a smart foot ring, and a smart headset. For a specific technical solution of the omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna, please refer to the detailed description of the above embodiments and the detailed description of the drawings in the specification, which are not repeated herein. The electronic equipment provided with the omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna can achieve the same technical effect.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described in the foregoing embodiments, or that equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is claimed.

Claims (10)

1. An omni-directional circularly polarized antenna, comprising:

the antenna comprises a first antenna substrate, a second antenna substrate and a third antenna substrate, wherein the first antenna substrate is provided with a plurality of first conductive patches which are sequentially arranged end to end in an adjacent mode, and the first antenna substrate is grounded;

a second antenna substrate on which a conductive disc and a plurality of second conductive patches are disposed;

the antenna comprises a plurality of conductive channels, a first antenna substrate and a second antenna substrate, wherein a first end of any one of the conductive channels is provided with a first conductive through hole, a second end of any one of the conductive channels is provided with a second conductive through hole, the conductive channels are vertically arranged between the first antenna substrate and the second antenna substrate, the plurality of first conductive through holes are respectively and electrically connected with corresponding first conductive patches, and the plurality of second conductive through holes are respectively and electrically connected with first ends of corresponding second conductive patches; and

a monopole radiator having a first end connected to the conductive pad and a second end connected to the center conductor of the coaxial cable, the monopole radiator being parallel to the conductive path.

2. The omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna of claim 1,

the antenna comprises a first antenna substrate and a second antenna substrate, wherein a grounding disc is arranged on the first antenna substrate, a connecting hole is formed in the grounding disc, the second end of a monopole radiator extends to the connecting hole, a coaxial cable extends into the connecting hole, and the inner wall of the connecting hole is connected with the outer surface of the coaxial cable.

3. The omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna of claim 2,

the centers of the first antenna substrate, the grounding disc and the connecting hole are overlapped, the first antenna substrate is in a rounded rectangle, and a plurality of first conductive patches are sequentially arranged at a plurality of edges of the first antenna substrate in a head-to-tail adjacent mode along a first direction; the grounding plate is in a round corner rectangle shape.

4. The omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna of claim 3,

the distance between the first conductive patch and an adjacent first conductive via is equal to the distance between a side edge of the first conductive patch and a side edge of the ground pad.

5. The omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna of any one of claims 1 to 4,

the second antenna substrate coincides with the center of the conductive plate.

6. The omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna of claim 5,

the second antenna substrate is in a round corner rectangle, the second ends of the second conductive patches are connected with the conductive disc through corresponding connecting wires, the connecting wires are perpendicular to the second conductive patches connected with the second conductive patches, the second conductive patches are sequentially arranged in the second direction at the edge of the second antenna substrate, and the second direction is opposite to the first direction.

7. The omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna of claim 6,

the width of the connecting wire is smaller than that of the second conductive patch.

8. The omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna of claim 1,

the conductive channel is a copper-plated cylinder.

9. The omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna of claim 1,

the first conductive patch and the second conductive patch are copper patches.

10. An electronic device comprising an omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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