CN113644421A - High-gain multi-frequency miniaturized omnidirectional antenna - Google Patents
High-gain multi-frequency miniaturized omnidirectional antenna Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113644421A CN113644421A CN202010346307.2A CN202010346307A CN113644421A CN 113644421 A CN113644421 A CN 113644421A CN 202010346307 A CN202010346307 A CN 202010346307A CN 113644421 A CN113644421 A CN 113644421A
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- antenna
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- dipole arms
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a miniaturized omnidirectional antenna of multifrequency of high gain, includes: the PCB board, the ground feeding antenna wire, the feeding surface antenna wire and the feeder line; the ground feeding antenna routing and the feed surface antenna routing are respectively arranged on two sides of the PCB, and each ground feeding antenna routing and each feed surface antenna routing comprise N antenna units, wherein N is more than or equal to 1; each antenna unit comprises a multi-frequency dipole arm, the multi-frequency dipole arm comprises a plurality of pairs of dipole arms, and part of the dipole arms of each antenna unit are arranged on the reverse side of the PCB where the antenna unit is located and are symmetrical to the dipole arm structure with the same frequency on the PCB where the antenna unit is located; the feeder line is respectively electrically connected with the ground feeding antenna wiring and the feeding surface antenna wiring, and the antenna provided by the embodiment of the application improves the gain effect of the multi-frequency antenna on the premise of meeting the miniaturization of the antenna and ensures that the antenna has good omnidirectional characteristics.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of mobile communication, in particular to a high-gain multi-frequency miniaturized omnidirectional antenna.
Background
Omni-directional antennas have been widely used in the field of mobile communications. In the 4G and 5G communication era, due to the improvement of the requirements on the speed, capacity and stability of wireless data transmission, the requirements on a multi-frequency WLAN antenna suitable for an indoor and outdoor mobile communication relay station are also higher and higher, and miniaturization, high gain and omnidirectional radiation will be the technical development trend of the future multi-frequency WLAN antenna.
In the prior art, the omnidirectional microstrip antenna array is printed by increasing the number of antenna units and increasing the unit spacing to improve the antenna gain, but under the background of miniaturization of the current product, the omnidirectional characteristic of the antenna is rapidly deteriorated due to the direct increase of the number of the array units or the increase of the unit spacing. How to greatly improve the gain of the antenna on the premise of not changing the size of the antenna and ensure that the antenna has good omnidirectional characteristics is a difficult problem to be solved urgently in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a high-gain multi-frequency miniaturized omnidirectional antenna to solve the problem that the gain of the antenna cannot be improved on the premise of not changing the size of the antenna in the prior art.
The application provides a miniaturized omnidirectional antenna of multifrequency of high gain includes: the PCB board, the ground feeding antenna wire, the feeding surface antenna wire and the feeder line;
the ground feeding antenna routing and the feed surface antenna routing are respectively arranged on two sides of the PCB, and each ground feeding antenna routing and each feed surface antenna routing comprise N antenna units, wherein N is more than or equal to 1;
each antenna unit comprises a multi-frequency dipole arm, the multi-frequency dipole arm comprises a plurality of pairs of dipole arms, and part of the dipole arms of each antenna unit are arranged on the reverse side of the PCB where the antenna unit is located and are symmetrical to the dipole arm structure with the same frequency on the PCB where the antenna unit is located;
the feeder line is electrically connected with the ground feeding antenna wire and the feeding surface antenna wire respectively.
Further, the multi-frequency dipole arm of each of the antenna elements comprises: a pair of low frequency dipole arms and two pairs of high frequency dipole arms;
the antenna comprises a PCB, a plurality of antenna units and dipole arms, wherein part of the dipole arms of each antenna unit are arranged on the reverse side of the PCB where the antenna unit is located and are symmetrical to the dipole arms with the same frequency on the PCB where the antenna unit is located, and the structure specifically comprises the following components:
one pair of the low-frequency dipole arm and the high-frequency dipole arm is arranged on the PCB surface where the antenna unit is arranged;
and the other pair of high-frequency dipole arms is arranged on the reverse side of the PCB surface where the antenna unit is positioned and is respectively arranged symmetrically with the high-frequency dipole arm structure arranged on the PCB surface where the antenna unit is positioned.
Preferably, the PCB is arranged between the high-frequency dipole arms symmetrically arranged on the front and back surfaces of the PCB, and the high-frequency dipole arms are directly coupled to form an antenna array; or;
the PCB is provided with metalized through holes, and the high-frequency dipole arms symmetrically arranged on the front and back surfaces of the PCB are electrically connected through the metalized through holes and are coupled to form the antenna array.
Furthermore, a pair of low-frequency dipole arms of each antenna unit adopts a concave structure, the high-frequency dipole arms are arranged at the bottom of the inside of the concave structure, and the size of the concave structure is controlled within 0.2 low-frequency central frequency wavelength ranges.
Furthermore, the antenna units included by the ground feeding antenna trace and the feeding surface antenna trace are arranged in a straight line, and a series and parallel combined feeding mode is adopted;
the antenna units connected in series are cascaded by adopting snake-shaped full-wavelength phase lines, the antenna units connected in parallel are cascaded by adopting impedance matching lines, and the distance between the antenna units is less than or equal to 0.6 low-frequency center frequency wavelengths.
Preferably, the ground feeding antenna trace and the feeding surface antenna trace respectively include 3 antenna units;
the feeder line is a 50-ohm coaxial feeder line, an outer conductor of the coaxial feeder line is welded on a ground-fed antenna line, and an inner core of the coaxial feeder line penetrates through a non-metallized through hole in the PCB board and is welded on a feed-face antenna line;
the coaxial feeder is positioned between the two antenna units, namely on the impedance matching line between the two antenna units connected in parallel at the welding point of the ground feeding antenna routing and the feeding surface antenna.
Further, the high-frequency band range of the antenna is 5.01GHz-6.08 GHz.
Preferably, the thickness of the PCB ranges from 0.4mm to 2 mm.
Preferably, the size of the antenna, i.e. the length of the PCB board, is controlled within (0.2+ N × 0.6) low frequency center frequency wavelengths.
Preferably, the ground feeding antenna trace and the feed plane antenna trace are printed on two sides of the PCB.
According to the technical scheme, the antenna provided by the embodiment of the application has the advantages that on the premise that the antenna is miniaturized and the size and the number of the antenna units are not increased, the dipole arms of the multi-frequency antenna are respectively printed on two sides of the PCB to form the complementary symmetrical structure and the parasitic structure, the structural symmetry of the upper and lower radiation units is improved, the coupling degree between the antenna arms is increased, the gain effect of the multi-frequency antenna is improved, and the antenna is guaranteed to have good omnidirectional characteristics.
Drawings
In order to more clearly explain the technical solution of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without any creative effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-gain multi-frequency miniaturized omni-directional antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 and fig. 3 are front views of a board surface where ground feeding antenna traces of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application are located;
fig. 4 and 5 are front views of a board surface on which antenna traces of a feeding surface of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application are located;
fig. 6 is a voltage standing wave ratio of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 a vertical radiation pattern of an antenna is provided by embodiments of the present application;
fig. 8 is a horizontal plane radiation pattern providing an antenna for embodiments of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a high-gain multi-frequency miniaturized omnidirectional antenna, which includes: the antenna comprises a feeder line 1, a PCB (printed Circuit Board) 3, a ground-fed antenna wire 2 and a feed-plane antenna wire 4;
the ground feeding antenna trace 2 and the feeding surface antenna trace 4 are respectively arranged on two sides of the PCB 3, and both the ground feeding antenna trace 2 and the feeding surface antenna trace 4 include N antenna units, where N is greater than or equal to 1 (in the figure, N is taken as an example of 3);
each antenna unit comprises a multi-frequency dipole arm, the multi-frequency dipole arm comprises a plurality of pairs of dipole arms, and part of the dipole arms of each antenna unit are arranged on the reverse side of the PCB where the antenna unit is located and are symmetrical to the dipole arm structure with the same frequency on the PCB where the antenna unit is located;
the feeder line 1 is electrically connected with the ground feeding antenna wire 2 and the feeding surface antenna wire 4 respectively.
The antenna of this application embodiment satisfies the antenna miniaturization, does not increase under the prerequisite of antenna element size and quantity, through with the dipole arm of multifrequency antenna at PCB board both sides double-sided printing respectively, forms complementary symmetrical structure and parasitic structure, and the coupling degree between the antenna arm is increased in the structural symmetry of two sides radiating element about improving to the gain effect of multifrequency antenna has been improved, and guarantees that the antenna has good omnidirectional characteristic.
Preferably, in this embodiment of the present application, the multi-frequency dipole arm of each of the antenna units includes: a pair of low frequency dipole arms and two pairs of high frequency dipole arms;
preferably, in the present application, the high frequency and the low frequency correspond to 4G and 5G, respectively, and the high frequency band of the antenna ranges from 5.01GHz to 6.08 GHz.
The antenna comprises a PCB, a plurality of antenna units and dipole arms, wherein part of the dipole arms of each antenna unit are arranged on the reverse side of the PCB where the antenna unit is located and are symmetrical to the dipole arms with the same frequency on the PCB where the antenna unit is located, and the structure specifically comprises the following components:
one pair of the low-frequency dipole arm and the high-frequency dipole arm is arranged on the PCB surface where the antenna unit is arranged;
the other pair of the high-frequency dipole arms is arranged on the reverse side of the PCB surface where the antenna unit is arranged and is respectively arranged symmetrically with the high-frequency dipole arm structure arranged on the PCB surface where the antenna unit is arranged, thereby realizing that the high-frequency gain of the antenna is greatly improved on the premise of not changing the size of the antenna,
the PCB is spaced between the high-frequency dipole arms symmetrically arranged on the front and back surfaces of the PCB, and the high-frequency dipole arms are directly coupled to form an antenna array; or;
the PCB is provided with metalized through holes, and the high-frequency dipole arms symmetrically arranged on the front and back surfaces of the PCB are electrically connected through the metalized through holes and are coupled to form the antenna array.
Further, for the coupling effect, the thickness of the PCB is preferably in a range of 0.4mm to 2 mm.
The high-frequency dipole arms symmetrically arranged on the front side and the back side of the PCB can be electrically connected or directly coupled with the PCB at intervals according to needs, the gain effect of the electrical connection mode is better than that of the direct coupling mode of the partition plate, the direct coupling mode of the partition plate can save metallized through holes on the PCB, the production cost can be reduced, and the integral performance of the antenna is ensured not to be reduced.
Preferably, in order to further reduce the size of the antenna unit, the antenna unit in this embodiment adopts a concave structure, a pair of low-frequency dipole arms of each antenna unit adopts a concave structure, a high-frequency dipole arm is disposed at the bottom of the inside of the concave, and the size of the concave structure is controlled within 0.2 low-frequency central frequency wavelength ranges.
In this embodiment, the ground feeding antenna trace, the feeding surface antenna trace, and the dipole arms on the antenna are printed on two sides of the PCB by a printing method.
Furthermore, the antenna of the embodiment of the present application is linear, and the antenna units included in the ground feeding antenna trace and the feeding surface antenna trace are linearly arranged, and a series and parallel combined feeding manner is adopted;
the antenna units connected in series are cascaded by adopting snake-shaped full-wavelength phase lines, the antenna units connected in parallel are cascaded by adopting impedance matching lines, and the distance between the antenna units is less than or equal to 0.6 low-frequency center frequency wavelengths.
Accordingly, the size of the antenna, i.e., the length of the PCB board, is controlled within (0.2+ N × 0.6) low-frequency center frequency wavelengths. When N is 3, the length dimension of the corresponding antenna is controlled within 2 low-frequency center frequency wavelength ranges.
In the embodiment of the present application, a specific implementation manner in which N is 3 is exemplarily given, where a ground feeding antenna trace and a feeding surface antenna trace respectively include 3 antenna units;
the feeder line 1 is a 50-ohm coaxial feeder line, an outer conductor of the coaxial feeder line is welded on a ground-fed antenna line, and an inner core of the coaxial feeder line penetrates through a non-metallized through hole in the PCB and is welded on a feed-face antenna line;
the welding points of the coaxial feeder line between the ground feeding antenna wire 2 and the feeding surface antenna wire are both positioned between the two antenna units, namely on the impedance matching line between the two parallel antenna units.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 to 5, fig. 2 and 3 are views of the board surface where the ground feeding antenna trace 2 is located, and fig. 4 and 5 are views of the board surface where the ground feeding antenna trace 4 is located, as shown in the figures, the ground feeding antenna trace 2 is composed of a high-frequency dipole arm 21 printed on the upper side of the PCB board 3, a low-frequency dipole arm 22, an impedance transformation line 23, a full-wavelength phase line 24, and a high-frequency dipole arm 211 printed on the lower side of the PCB board 3, and the high- frequency dipole arms 21 and 211 are electrically connected through a high-frequency metalized via 25. The feeding surface antenna routing 4 is composed of a high-frequency dipole arm 41 printed on the lower side of the PCB 3, a low-frequency dipole arm 42, an impedance transformation line 43, a full-wavelength phase line 44 and a high-frequency dipole arm 411 printed on the upper side of the PCB 3, and the high- frequency dipole arms 41 and 411 are electrically connected through a high-frequency metalized via 45. The high- frequency dipole arms 21, 211, 41 and 411 printed on both sides of the PCB 3 constitute a dipole antenna array, and the high- frequency dipole arms 21 and 211 are electrically connected by high-frequency metalized vias 25.
Claims (10)
1. A high-gain, multi-frequency, miniaturized, omni-directional antenna, comprising: the PCB board, the ground feeding antenna wire, the feeding surface antenna wire and the feeder line;
the ground feeding antenna routing and the feed surface antenna routing are respectively arranged on two sides of the PCB, and each ground feeding antenna routing and each feed surface antenna routing comprise N antenna units, wherein N is more than or equal to 1;
each antenna unit comprises a multi-frequency dipole arm, the multi-frequency dipole arm comprises a plurality of pairs of dipole arms, and part of the dipole arms of each antenna unit are arranged on the reverse side of the PCB where the antenna unit is located and are symmetrical to the dipole arm structure with the same frequency on the PCB where the antenna unit is located;
the feeder line is electrically connected with the ground feeding antenna wire and the feeding surface antenna wire respectively.
2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the multi-frequency dipole arms of each of the antenna elements comprise: a pair of low frequency dipole arms and two pairs of high frequency dipole arms;
the antenna comprises a PCB, a plurality of antenna units and dipole arms, wherein part of the dipole arms of each antenna unit are arranged on the reverse side of the PCB where the antenna unit is located and are symmetrical to the dipole arms with the same frequency on the PCB where the antenna unit is located, and the structure specifically comprises the following components:
one pair of the low-frequency dipole arm and the high-frequency dipole arm is arranged on the PCB surface where the antenna unit is arranged;
and the other pair of high-frequency dipole arms is arranged on the reverse side of the PCB surface where the antenna unit is positioned and is respectively arranged symmetrically with the high-frequency dipole arm structure arranged on the PCB surface where the antenna unit is positioned.
3. The antenna of claim 2, wherein: the PCB is spaced between the high-frequency dipole arms symmetrically arranged on the front and back surfaces of the PCB, and the high-frequency dipole arms are directly coupled to form an antenna array; or;
the PCB is provided with metalized through holes, and the high-frequency dipole arms symmetrically arranged on the front and back surfaces of the PCB are electrically connected through the metalized through holes and are coupled to form the antenna array.
4. The antenna of claim 2, wherein the pair of low-frequency dipole arms of each of the antenna elements is of a recessed structure, the high-frequency dipole arms are disposed at the bottom of the inside of the recessed structure, and the size of the recessed structure is controlled to be within 0.2 low-frequency center frequency wavelength ranges.
5. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the antenna elements included in the ground feeding antenna trace and the feeding surface antenna trace are linearly arranged and adopt a series-parallel feeding mode;
the antenna units connected in series are cascaded by adopting snake-shaped full-wavelength phase lines, the antenna units connected in parallel are cascaded by adopting impedance matching lines, and the distance between the antenna units is less than or equal to 0.6 low-frequency center frequency wavelengths.
6. The antenna of claim 5, wherein the ground feed antenna trace and the feed plane antenna trace each include 3 antenna elements;
the feeder line is a 50-ohm coaxial feeder line, an outer conductor of the coaxial feeder line is welded on a ground-fed antenna line, and an inner core of the coaxial feeder line penetrates through a non-metallized through hole in the PCB board and is welded on a feed-face antenna line;
the coaxial feeder is positioned between the two antenna units, namely on the impedance matching line between the two antenna units connected in parallel at the welding point of the ground feeding antenna routing and the feeding surface antenna.
7. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the high frequency band of the antenna is in the range of 5.01GHz-6.08 GHz.
8. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the PCB has a thickness in a range of 0.4mm to 2 mm.
9. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the size of the antenna, i.e. the length of the PCB board, is controlled within (0.2+ N x 0.6) low frequency center frequency wavelengths.
10. The antenna of claim 1, wherein ground feed antenna traces and ground feed antenna traces are printed on both sides of the PCB.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010346307.2A CN113644421A (en) | 2020-04-27 | 2020-04-27 | High-gain multi-frequency miniaturized omnidirectional antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010346307.2A CN113644421A (en) | 2020-04-27 | 2020-04-27 | High-gain multi-frequency miniaturized omnidirectional antenna |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113644421A true CN113644421A (en) | 2021-11-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010346307.2A Pending CN113644421A (en) | 2020-04-27 | 2020-04-27 | High-gain multi-frequency miniaturized omnidirectional antenna |
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| CN (1) | CN113644421A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115020965A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-09-06 | 联宝(合肥)电子科技有限公司 | Broadband antenna structure and electronic equipment |
-
2020
- 2020-04-27 CN CN202010346307.2A patent/CN113644421A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115020965A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-09-06 | 联宝(合肥)电子科技有限公司 | Broadband antenna structure and electronic equipment |
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