CN212657705U - Multi-channel reverse-spraying type cyclone single-cone combustor - Google Patents
Multi-channel reverse-spraying type cyclone single-cone combustor Download PDFInfo
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- CN212657705U CN212657705U CN202021858246.XU CN202021858246U CN212657705U CN 212657705 U CN212657705 U CN 212657705U CN 202021858246 U CN202021858246 U CN 202021858246U CN 212657705 U CN212657705 U CN 212657705U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a multi-channel reverse-spraying type rotational flow single-cone combustor, which comprises a pulverized coal supply mechanism, a transition channel, a multi-stage air distribution assembly, a guide plate, a stable combustion cavity and a rectifying cavity; the multistage air distribution assembly comprises N air ducts, the Nth air duct is sequentially connected with the stable combustion cavity and the rectification cavity to form a burner body, the pulverized coal supply mechanism penetrates through the inside of the burner body, and the transition channel is sleeved on the pulverized coal supply mechanism; except the Nth air guide cylinder, all the other air guide cylinders are of double-layer hollow structures, and one end of at least one guide plate is inserted into the corresponding air guide cylinder; at least one direct current channel is formed between each guide plate and the combustion stabilizing cavity, a flaring is formed at the other end of each guide plate, and the angle of the flaring is the same as that of the combustion stabilizing cavity. The utility model discloses owing to adopt the design of multistage air distribution subassembly, the air divide into N thigh and gets into the combustor body, and air current boundary department torrent intensity is strong, has strengthened wind powder mixing rate, not only makes the buggy stably catch fire, can also guarantee the high-efficient low nitrogen burning of buggy.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a pulverized coal burner especially relates to a multichannel contrary formula whirl list awl combustor that spouts belongs to the high-efficient clean technical field that utilizes of coal.
Background
At present, in the field of pulverized coal industrial boilers, various combustors such as a bluff body combustor, a cyclone combustor, a reverse jet combustor and the like appear, and the common point of the combustors is that a high-temperature backflow region is used as an ignition source to ignite pulverized coal airflow, so that the purpose of high-efficiency low-nitrogen combustion of the pulverized coal is achieved. But the load adjustment range of the pulverized coal burner is narrow, and the coal type adaptability is poor; and compared with a chain furnace and a circulating fluidized bed, the pulverized coal industrial boiler has the problem of high nitrogen oxide.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a multi-channel reverse-spraying cyclone single-cone burner with extremely wide load adjusting range, strong coal adaptability and low nitrogen characteristics.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical proposal: a multi-channel reverse-spraying type rotational flow single-cone combustor comprises a pulverized coal supply mechanism, a transition channel, a multi-stage air distribution assembly, a flow guide plate, a stable combustion cavity and a rectifying cavity; the multistage air distribution assembly comprises N air guide cylinders which are coaxially arranged from inside to outside, and N is a natural number not less than 2; the N air guide cylinders are sequentially connected with the stable combustion cavity and the rectification cavity to form a combustor body, the pulverized coal supply mechanism penetrates through the interior of the combustor body, the transition channel is sleeved on the pulverized coal supply mechanism, the 1 st air guide cylinder is sleeved outside the transition channel at intervals, and N air inlet channels are formed between every two adjacent air guide cylinders and between the 1 st air guide cylinder and the transition channel; meanwhile, except the Nth air guide cylinder, all the other air guide cylinders are of a double-layer hollow structure, namely, the inner sides of all the other air guide cylinders are provided with annular grooves extending along the axial direction, and one end of at least one guide plate is inserted into the annular groove of the corresponding air guide cylinder to be fixed with the annular groove; therefore, at least one direct current channel is formed between each guide plate and the combustion stabilizing cavity, a flaring is formed at the other end of each guide plate, the angle of the flaring is the same as that of the combustion stabilizing cavity, and the outlet end direction of the direct current channel is parallel to the wall surface of the combustion stabilizing cavity.
Preferably, the radial widths of the N air inlet channels are different, so that corresponding air guide cylinders are selected to be inserted into the guide plates according to different coal types and loads.
The multi-channel reverse-spraying type swirling flow single-cone combustor is characterized in that the number of the guide plates is preferably controlled to be 1-4, and when the number of the guide plates is more than two, the length of the guide plate positioned on the inner side is smaller than that of the guide plate positioned on the outer side.
The multi-channel reverse-spraying type cyclone single-cone burner preferably lengthens the length of the guide plate and/or increases the number of the guide plates if the burner is a coal type with high volatile components and high heat value; if the coal type is low in volatile components and low in heat value, the length of the guide plate is shortened and/or the number of the guide plates is reduced.
Preferably, an axial impeller is circumferentially installed in the air inlet channel located inside the guide plate, and is used for enabling air to form a rotating wind beam with tangential speed after passing through the axial impeller.
Preferably, the number of the rotational flows generated by the axial impeller to rotate the wind beams is controlled within the range of 0.6-2.
Preferably, the pulverized coal supply mechanism mainly comprises an air-powder pipe and a backflow cap, the air-powder pipe is arranged on the central axis of the burner body, and the backflow cap is arranged at the outlet end of the air-powder pipe and is positioned at the outlet section of the combustion stabilizing cavity.
The multi-channel reverse-spraying type swirling flow single-cone combustor is characterized in that preferably, the transition channel is of a cylindrical structure with one end open and the other end closed, the air powder pipe penetrates through the closed end of the transition channel and then extends into the combustor body, and an igniter and/or a flame detector are/is installed in the transition channel.
In the multi-channel reverse-injection type swirling single-cone combustor, the transition channel is preferably a conical, elliptical or cylindrical blunt body, the widest diameter of the transition channel is smaller than the inner diameter of the 1 st air duct, and the narrowest diameter of the transition channel is larger than the largest diameter of the igniter and/or the flame detector.
The utility model discloses owing to take above technical scheme, it has following advantage: 1. the utility model discloses a design of multistage air distribution subassembly, the air divide into N thigh through multistage air distribution subassembly and get into the combustor body, and air current boundary department turbulence intensity is strong, has strengthened wind powder mixing rate, not only makes the buggy stably catch fire, can also guarantee the high-efficient low nitrogen burning of buggy. 2. The utility model discloses a multistage air distribution subassembly from interior to exterior is a plurality of guide ducts of coaxial setting and is constituteed, and the guide duct adopts double-deck hollow structure, the double-deck hollow structure of arbitrary guide duct can be inserted to the guide plate, can form from this and surely fire the multilayer flame structure that chamber and rectification chamber wall have adherence cooling air, combustion-supporting wind slowly infiltrates main flame, it is high temperature to ensure in the middle of the main flame, the environment of high CO and hypoxemia, the extension buggy is at high temperature, dwell time under the reducing atmosphere, reach the purpose of high combustion efficiency and low nitrogen. Meanwhile, the direct current wind beam formed between the guide plate and the combustion stabilizing cavity can form a cooling air layer flowing along the wall surface of the combustion stabilizing cavity in the combustion stabilizing cavity to cool the combustion stabilizing cavity and the flow regulating cavity, so that the wall surface temperature of the combustion stabilizing cavity and the flow regulating cavity is always lower than 40 ℃, a water cooling device of the combustion stabilizing cavity can be cancelled, and the phenomenon of dust deposition and coking on the wall surface of the combustion stabilizing cavity is avoided. 3. The utility model discloses a length and the quantity of adjustment guide plate can be the mixing speed of the combustion-supporting wind of mechanical control and main flame, and the load control range is 10% ~ 110%, has load control range extremely wide, still has the characteristics that the coal type adaptability is wide, good surely fires and low nitrogen in addition. 4. The utility model discloses still adopted the transition passageway design, this transition passageway not only can embed ignition oil gun and igniter, but also the transition passageway can also produce the backward flow district of a high turbulence intensity with the interior overgrate air passageway combined action of built-in movable axial impeller, and the mixing rate of reinforcing buggy and air improves the burn-off rate of buggy under the low-load operating mode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional longitudinal structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the two-dimensional longitudinal structure of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the internal flow field of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive work based on the described embodiments of the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention belongs. Also in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the utility model provides a multi-channel reverse-spraying cyclone single-cone combustor, including pulverized coal supply mechanism 1, transition channel 2, multistage air distribution component 3, guide plate 4, steady combustion chamber 5 and rectification chamber 6. The multi-stage air distribution component 3 comprises N air ducts (N is a natural number not less than 2) which are coaxially arranged from inside to outside, wherein the Nth (namely, the outermost air duct) is sequentially connected with a stable combustion cavity 5 and a rectification cavity 6 to form a burner body, a pulverized coal supply mechanism 1 penetrates through the inside of the burner body, a transition channel 2 is sleeved outside an inlet end of the pulverized coal supply mechanism 1, the 1 st (namely, the innermost air duct) is sleeved outside the transition channel 2 at intervals, and N air inlet channels are formed between two adjacent air ducts and between the 1 st air duct and the transition channel 2. Meanwhile, except the Nth air guide cylinder, all the other air guide cylinders are of a double-layer hollow structure, namely, the inner sides of all the other air guide cylinders are provided with annular grooves extending along the axial direction, and one end of at least one guide plate 4 can be inserted into the annular groove of the corresponding air guide cylinder to be fixed with the annular groove. Therefore, at least one direct current channel is formed between each guide plate 4 and the combustion stabilizing cavity 5, a flaring is formed at the other end of each guide plate 4, the angle of the flaring is the same as that of the combustion stabilizing cavity 5, and the outlet end direction of the direct current channel is parallel to the wall surface of the combustion stabilizing cavity 5.
In the above embodiment, preferably, the radial widths of the N air inlet channels are different from each other, so that the corresponding air guide ducts can be selected to be inserted into the guide plate 4 according to different coal types and loads, thereby controlling the mixing rate of air and main flame, and adjusting the high-temperature backflow region, thereby widening the load adjustment range and coal type adaptability of the combustor.
In the above embodiment, preferably, the number of the baffles 4 is controlled to be between 1 and 4, and when the number of the baffles 4 is more than two, the length of the baffle 4 located on the inner side should be smaller than the length of the baffle 4 located on the outer side.
In the above embodiment, preferably, if the coal type has high volatile components and high heat value, the length of the deflector 4 may be lengthened and/or the number of the deflectors 4 may be increased, so as to delay the time for mixing the combustion-supporting air (including the rotating air beam and the direct-current air beam) with the main flame, so that the reducing atmosphere in the main flame is enhanced, which is beneficial to reducing nitrogen oxides; if the coal type is low in volatile component and heat value, the length of the guide plates 4 can be shortened and/or the number of the guide plates 4 can be reduced (even the guide plates 4 are cancelled), so that the mixing of combustion-supporting air and main flame is enhanced, the ignition of pulverized coal is facilitated, and the stable combustion of the pulverized coal is realized. Therefore, the mixing rate of the air and the main flame can be mechanically controlled by adjusting the length and the number of the guide plates 4, and the load adjusting range can reach 10-110%.
In the above embodiment, preferably, an axial impeller (not shown in the figure) may be installed in the circumferential direction in the air intake channel inside the baffle 4, so that the air forms a rotating wind beam with a tangential velocity after passing through the axial impeller.
In the above embodiment, preferably, the swirl number of the rotating wind beam generated by the axial impeller should be controlled within the range of 0.6-2.
In the above embodiment, preferably, the pulverized coal supply mechanism 1 mainly comprises the air-powder pipe 11 and the backflow cap 12, the air-powder pipe 11 is disposed on the central axis of the burner body, and the backflow cap 12 is disposed at the outlet end of the air-powder pipe 11 and located at the outlet section of the combustion stabilizing cavity 5.
In the above embodiment, the transition passage 2 is preferably a cylindrical structure with one open end and the other closed end, the duct 11 extends into the burner body after penetrating through the closed end of the transition passage 2, and an igniter and/or a flame detector (not shown in the figure) can be installed in the transition passage 2.
In the above embodiment, preferably, the transition passage 2 is conical, elliptical, cylindrical or other blunt body with any curve, and the widest diameter of the transition passage 2 should be smaller than the inner diameter of the 1 st air duct, and the narrowest diameter should be larger than the largest diameter of the igniter and/or the flame detector.
The utility model provides a multichannel contrary formula whirl list awl combustor that spouts is when using, its work flow as follows:
1) selecting guide plates 4 with proper length and quantity according to the type of coal and inserting the guide plates into corresponding air guide cylinders, recording the position of the guide plate 4 at the innermost side as the mth air guide cylinder, and installing axial impellers in the 1 st to mth air inlet channels along the circumferential direction;
2) the air is divided into N strands by the grading air distribution assembly 3 and enters the burner body, wherein the 1 st to m strands of air form m strands of rotating air beams with tangential speed after passing through the axial impeller and enter the combustion stabilizing cavity 5, and the m strands of rotating air beams interact to form a multilayer nested high-temperature backflow area;
3) meanwhile, the coal dust airflow enters a high-temperature backflow area through a backflow channel formed by the air-powder pipe 11 and the backflow cap 12, the coal dust is distributed in a thick-outside and thin-inside concentration, the coal dust is preheated to 900-1000 ℃ through the high-temperature backflow area, pyrolyzed in a low-oxygen and hot high-temperature backflow area, and mixed with a plurality of rotary air beams under the combined action of the transition channel 2 to form a multi-layer main flame;
4) the (m + 1) -N air inlet channels form a direct current channel, the (m + 1) -N air flows through the direct current channels to form direct current wind beams with different speeds (the wind speed decreases from outside to inside in sequence), and the direct current wind beams have two functions: the first function is that a cooling air layer flowing along the wall surface of the combustion stabilizing cavity 5 is formed after the flaring of the guide plate 4 so as to cool the combustion stabilizing cavity 5 and the rectification cavity 6 and ensure that the temperature of the wall surfaces of the combustion stabilizing cavity 5 and the rectification cavity 6 is lower than 40 ℃; the second function is that the main flame and the high-speed injection multilayer flame of the wind-packet fire formed by the rectifying cavity 6 enter the hearth, thereby not only leading the pulverized coal to be stably combusted, but also avoiding the occurrence of the phenomena of dust deposition and coking in the burner body and the hearth.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its corresponding aspects.
Claims (9)
1. A multi-channel reverse-spraying type rotational flow single-cone combustor is characterized by comprising a pulverized coal supply mechanism (1), a transition channel (2), a multi-stage air distribution assembly (3), a guide plate (4), a stable combustion cavity (5) and a rectification cavity (6);
the multistage air distribution assembly (3) comprises N air guide cylinders which are coaxially arranged from inside to outside, and N is a natural number not less than 2; the burner comprises a burner body, a pulverized coal supply mechanism (1), a transition channel (2), a 1 st air duct, a transition channel (2), N air inlet channels and N air outlet channels, wherein the N air duct, the combustion stabilizing cavity (5) and the rectification cavity (6) are sequentially connected to form the burner body, the pulverized coal supply mechanism (1) penetrates through the inside of the burner body, the transition channel (2) is sleeved on the pulverized coal supply mechanism (1), and the 1 st air duct is sleeved outside the transition channel (2) at intervals, so that N air inlet channels are formed between every two adjacent air ducts and between the 1 st air duct and the transition channel (2);
meanwhile, except the Nth air guide cylinder, all the other air guide cylinders are of a double-layer hollow structure, namely, the inner sides of all the other air guide cylinders are provided with annular grooves extending along the axial direction, and one end of at least one guide plate (4) is inserted into the annular groove of the corresponding air guide cylinder to be fixed with the annular groove;
therefore, at least one direct current channel is formed between each guide plate (4) and the combustion stabilizing cavity (5), a flaring is formed at the other end of each guide plate (4), the angle of the flaring is the same as that of the combustion stabilizing cavity (5), and the outlet end direction of the direct current channel is parallel to the wall surface of the combustion stabilizing cavity (5).
2. The multi-channel reverse-injection swirling single-cone combustor of claim 1, wherein the radial widths of the N air inlet channels are different from each other, so that corresponding air guiding cylinders are selected to be inserted into the air guiding plate (4) according to different coal types and loads.
3. The multi-channel reverse-injection swirling single-cone combustor of claim 1, wherein the number of the baffles (4) is controlled to be 1-4, and when the number of the baffles (4) is two or more, the length of the baffle (4) at the inner side should be smaller than that of the baffle (4) at the outer side.
4. The multi-channel reverse-injection swirling single-cone combustor of claim 3, characterized in that, if it is a coal type with high volatile matter and high calorific value, the length of the baffle plate (4) is lengthened and/or the number of the baffle plates (4) is increased;
if the coal is low in volatile components and heat value, the length of the guide plate (4) is shortened and/or the number of the guide plate (4) is reduced.
5. The multi-channel reverse-spraying swirling single-cone combustor of claim 1, wherein an axial impeller is installed in a circumferential direction in the air intake channel inside the baffle plate (4) for forming a rotating wind stream having a tangential velocity after air passes through the axial impeller.
6. The multi-channel reverse-spraying swirling single-cone combustor of claim 5, wherein the swirling number of the rotating wind beam generated by the axial impeller is controlled within a range of 0.6-2.
7. The multi-channel reverse-injection swirling single-cone combustor of any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the pulverized coal supply mechanism (1) is mainly composed of a pulverized coal duct (11) and a backflow cap (12), the pulverized coal duct (11) is disposed on the central axis of the combustor body, and the backflow cap (12) is disposed at the outlet end of the pulverized coal duct (11) and located at the outlet section of the combustion stabilizing cavity (5).
8. The multi-channel reverse-spraying swirling single-cone burner of claim 7, wherein the transition channel (2) is a cylindrical structure with one open end and the other closed end, the air powder pipe (11) penetrates through the closed end of the transition channel (2) and then extends into the interior of the burner body, and an igniter and/or a flame detector are/is installed in the transition channel (2).
9. The multi-channel reverse-injection swirling single-cone burner of claim 8, characterized in that the transition channel (2) is a conical, elliptical or cylindrical bluff body, and the widest diameter of the transition channel (2) should be smaller than the inner diameter of the 1 st air duct and the narrowest diameter should be larger than the largest diameter of the igniter and/or flame detector.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021858246.XU CN212657705U (en) | 2020-08-31 | 2020-08-31 | Multi-channel reverse-spraying type cyclone single-cone combustor |
| US18/002,070 US20230272906A1 (en) | 2020-08-31 | 2021-08-30 | Two-channel burner and method of use therefor, and multi-channel single-cone burner and method of use therefor |
| PCT/CN2021/115434 WO2022042732A1 (en) | 2020-08-31 | 2021-08-30 | Two-channel burner and method of use therefor, and multi-channel single-cone burner and method of use therefor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021858246.XU CN212657705U (en) | 2020-08-31 | 2020-08-31 | Multi-channel reverse-spraying type cyclone single-cone combustor |
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| CN212657705U true CN212657705U (en) | 2021-03-05 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022042732A1 (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2022-03-03 | 煤科院节能技术有限公司 | Two-channel burner and method of use therefor, and multi-channel single-cone burner and method of use therefor |
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2020
- 2020-08-31 CN CN202021858246.XU patent/CN212657705U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022042732A1 (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2022-03-03 | 煤科院节能技术有限公司 | Two-channel burner and method of use therefor, and multi-channel single-cone burner and method of use therefor |
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Address after: 100013 room 323, building 1, No.5 qingniangou Road, Hepingli, Chaoyang District, Beijing Patentee after: Beijing Tiandi Sunac Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100013 room 323, building 1, No.5 qingniangou Road, Hepingli, Chaoyang District, Beijing Patentee before: CHINA COAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE (CCRI) ENERGY SAVING TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. |