CN212579621U - High-voltage protection device of electric automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-voltage protection device of an electric automobile, which comprises a high-voltage plug-in interlocking device, wherein a high-voltage plug-in base resistor is connected between a first base interface and a second base interface of a high-voltage plug-in base through a wire; the signal input ends of the first, second and third parallel switches are directly connected with the signal output end of the whole vehicle controller, the n high-voltage plug-ins are connected in series, the signal output ends of the first, second and third parallel switches are connected with the first wiring interface of the first high-voltage plug-in, the second wiring interface of the nth high-voltage plug-in is connected with the signal input end of the ground resistor through a wire, and the signal output end of the ground resistor is connected with the ground; and a conducting wire between the second wiring interface of the nth high-voltage plug-in and the grounding resistor is connected with the signal acquisition input end of the vehicle control unit through a signal acquisition line. The device can ensure the safe and simple operation of the automobile and effectively reduce the cost.

Description

High-voltage protection device of electric automobile

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a high-pressure interlocking detection circuitry, in particular to electric automobile's high-pressure protection device.

Background

In order to avoid the damage of high voltage to human body and ensure the operation safety of the automobile, corresponding detection logic or detection circuit is usually designed on the automobile to detect the high voltage interlocking state.

The current detection modes are mainly divided into two types: one is to connect all the detection units in series, and report the interlocking fault as long as one of the interlocks is disconnected, but the mode cannot confirm the specific high-voltage part with the interlocking fault; the other is to perform interlock detection on a per high pressure part basis individually to be able to specifically determine the location of the failure, but this approach is not easy to layout and is complicated in strategy and also expensive in design.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the utility model is to overcome prior art's shortcoming, provide a high pressure interlocking detection circuitry of vehicle that can ensure the operation safety of car.

The utility model discloses a high-voltage protection device of electric automobile, including the high-pressure plug-in components interlock that links to each other with the electric automobile medium-high voltage subassembly that corresponds the setting respectively, each high-pressure plug-in components interlock includes high-pressure plug and high-pressure plug-in components base, high-pressure plug inserts first base interface and second base interface on the high-pressure plug-in components base respectively through first plug interface, second plug interface, first wiring interface is connected with first base interface through a wire, second wiring interface is connected with second base interface through a wire, the inside wire both ends are connected with first plug interface and second plug interface respectively, connect a high-pressure plug-in components base resistance that resistance value is (2n-1) k omega through the wire between first base interface and the second base interface of high-pressure plug-in components base; the signal input ends of the first parallel switch, the second parallel switch and the third parallel switch are directly connected with the signal output end of the vehicle controller, and the vehicle controller directly controls the on-off of the first parallel switch, the second parallel switch and the third parallel switch;

n high-voltage inserts connected in series with each other, n₀Second wiring interface and nth of high-voltage plug-in unit₀The first wiring interfaces in +1 high-voltage plug-in units are connected, n is more than or equal to 1₀＜n；

The signal output ends of the first parallel switch, the second parallel switch and the third parallel switch are connected with a first wiring interface of the first high-voltage plug-in, a second wiring interface of the nth high-voltage plug-in is connected with a signal input end of a grounding resistor through a lead, the signal output end of the grounding resistor is connected with the ground, and the resistance value of the grounding resistor is (2n-1) k omega;

the resistance value of a high-voltage plug-in base resistor in the high-voltage plug-in interlocking device is sequentially increased from the side of the parallel switch to the side of the grounding resistor, wherein the resistance value of a first high-voltage plug-in base in the first high-voltage plug-in interlocking device on the side of the parallel switch is 1k omega, and the resistance value of an nth high-voltage plug-in base on the side of the grounding resistor is (2n-1) k omega;

and a conducting wire between the second wiring interface of the nth high-voltage plug-in and the grounding resistor is connected with the signal acquisition input end of the vehicle control unit through a signal acquisition line.

The utility model has the advantages that: the interlocking devices of the high-voltage plug-ins are connected in series in a loop, the vehicle controller can output different states through the first control switch, the second control switch and the third control switch, and the high-voltage plug-in interlocking device with a specific fault can be deduced through detecting waveforms, voltages and resistances at detection points, so that different strategies can be processed according to high-voltage systems corresponding to different plug-ins; maintenance time and cost are reduced; and the running safety of the automobile can be ensured, the operation is simple, and the cost is effectively reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high-voltage interlock detection circuit of a vehicle according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the plug and the base of the high-voltage plug-in unit of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying figure 1:

as shown in fig. 1, the utility model discloses a high-voltage protection device of electric automobile, including following step:

step one, connecting n high-voltage plug-in interlocking devices with the correspondingly arranged high-voltage components respectively:

and the connecting structure of each high-voltage plug-in interlocking device and the high-voltage assembly is the connecting structure of the high-voltage plug-in the existing electric automobile.

As shown in fig. 2, the high-voltage plug-in interlocking device of the present invention is an improvement of the prior art, and the prior high-voltage plug-in interlocking device includes: high voltage plug 1 inserts first base interface 4 and second base interface 9 on the high-pressure plug-in components base 5 respectively through first plug interface 3, second plug interface 10, first wiring interface 6 is connected with first base interface 4 through a wire, second wiring interface 8 is connected with second base interface 9 through a wire, first wiring interface 6 and second wiring interface 8 can be connected with other components and parts, high voltage plug 1 structure is unchangeable, 2 both ends of inside conductor are connected with first plug interface 3 and second plug interface 10 respectively, the utility model discloses an improve and lie in: a high-voltage plug-in base resistor 7 with the resistance value of (2n-1) k omega is connected between the first base interface 4 and the second base interface 9 of the high-voltage plug-in base 5 through a lead, when the high-voltage plug 1 is completely connected with the high-voltage plug-in base 5, the first base interface 4 is connected with the first plug interface 3, the second high-voltage base interface 9 is connected with the second plug interface 10, so that the first base interface 4 is communicated with the second base interface 9 through the internal lead 2 of the high-voltage plug 1, when current enters from the first wiring interface 6, because the resistance value of the high-voltage plug-in base resistor 7 is larger than that of the internal lead 2, the current will pass through the first base interface 4, the first plug interface 3, the internal conductor 2, the second plug interface 10, the second base interface 9, and then out of the second wiring interface 8, the resistance between the first connection interface 6 and the second connection interface 8 in the high voltage card holder 5 is 0 omega. When the high-voltage plug 1 is not completely connected with the high-voltage plug-in base 5, the first plug interface 3 and the first base interface 4 or the second plug interface 10 and the second base interface 9 are not connected, and when current enters from the first wiring interface 6, the current passes through the high-voltage plug-in base resistor 7 and then flows out from the second wiring interface 8, so that the resistance value of the base resistor between the first wiring interface 6 and the second wiring interface 8 in the high-voltage plug-in base 5 is (2n-1) k omega.

Step two, connecting a loop:

the signal input ends of the first parallel switch 11, the second parallel switch 12 and the third parallel switch 13 are directly connected with the signal output end of the vehicle controller, and the vehicle controller directly controls the on-off of the first parallel switch, the second parallel switch and the third parallel switch.

n high-voltage inserts connected in series with each other, n₀ Second connection interface 8 and nth of high-voltage plug-in unit₀The first wiring interfaces 6 in +1 high-voltage plug-in units are connected, n is more than or equal to 1₀N (n is 2, 3, 4.. is consistent with the number of high-voltage devices in the electric automobile);

the signal output ends of the first parallel switch 11, the second parallel switch 12 and the third parallel switch 13 are connected with the first wiring interface 6 of the first high-voltage plug-in, the second wiring interface 8 of the nth high-voltage plug-in is connected with the signal input end of a grounding resistor through a lead, the signal output end of the grounding resistor is connected with the ground, and the resistance value of the grounding resistor is (2n-1) k omega; the first parallel switch 11, the second parallel switch 12 and the third parallel switch 13 may be conventional controllable switches, such as a current-type fully-controlled switch, a voltage-type fully-controlled switch, and the like.

From the side of the parallel switch to the side of the ground resistor, the resistance values of the high-voltage plug-in base resistors in the high-voltage plug-in interlocking device are sequentially increased, wherein the first high-voltage plug-in base resistor 7 in the first high-voltage plug-in interlocking device on the side of the parallel switch is 1k omega, and the nth high-voltage plug-in base resistor 7 on the side of the ground resistor is (2n-1) k omega. Specifically, the first high-voltage plug-in base resistor 7 is 1k Ω, the second high-voltage plug-in base resistor 7 is 3k Ω …, and the nth high-voltage plug-in base resistor 7 is (2n-1) k Ω.

And a conducting wire between the second wiring interface 8 of the nth high-voltage plug-in and the grounding resistor is connected with a signal acquisition input end (an acquisition point in the figure) of the vehicle controller through a signal acquisition line.

Step three, controlling and protecting:

the method comprises the steps that firstly, after a first parallel switch is closed, a second parallel switch and a third parallel switch are both switched off, the whole vehicle controller outputs a PWM signal to a first loop and detects the PWM signal of a signal acquisition input end, the first loop is in a first state, the whole vehicle controller outputs the PWM signal to the first loop, the first parallel switch, n high-voltage plug-in units connected in series, a ground resistor and the ground are connected in sequence, namely, after the first parallel switch is closed, the whole vehicle controller output end, the first parallel switch input end, the first parallel switch output end, the first wiring interface 6 of a first high-voltage plug-in unit base, the second wiring interface 8 of the first high-voltage plug-in unit base, the first wiring interface 6 of a second high-voltage plug-in unit base, the second wiring interface 8 of the second high-voltage plug-in unit base, the first wiring interface 6 of a third high-voltage plug-in unit base, and the second wiring interface 8 of the third high-voltage plug-in unit base are connected in sequence The port 6, the second wiring interface 8 of the nth high-voltage plug-in base, the grounding resistor and the ground form a complete loop;

secondly, the vehicle control unit compares the detected PWM signal duty ratio and frequency detection values with a standard value sent by the vehicle control unit, if the detected PWM signal duty ratio and frequency detection values are not equal to the standard value, the first loop is open circuit, and the vehicle control unit outputs a control signal to the battery management system to cut off a total positive relay and a total negative relay of the vehicle and does not allow the vehicle to run; if the voltage values are equal, the detection of the second parallel switch and the third parallel switch is continued;

thirdly, detecting the second parallel switch and the third parallel switch, wherein the process is as follows:

and when the second parallel switch is closed, the first parallel switch and the third parallel switch are both switched off, the vehicle controller is in a second state, outputs high level voltage to the second loop, detects the detection voltage of the signal acquisition input end, and calculates the resistance value of the current incomplete connector. The second loop consists of a vehicle control unit output end, a second parallel switch, n high-voltage plug-ins connected in series, a ground resistor and a ground which are sequentially connected, namely, the vehicle control unit output end, the second parallel switch input end, the second parallel switch output end, the first wiring interface 6 of the first high-voltage plug-in base, the second wiring interface 8 of the first high-voltage plug-in base, the first wiring interface 6 of the second high-voltage plug-in base, the second wiring interface 8 of the second high-voltage plug-in base, the first wiring interface 6 of the third high-voltage plug-in base, the second wiring interface 8 of the third high-voltage plug-in base, the ground resistor and the ground which are sequentially connected form a complete loop;

the calculation formula of the resistance value of the incompletely connected high-voltage plug-in is as follows:

consists of:

obtaining:

interlocking fault plug-in units can be positioned by calculating resistance value, and serial numbers of incompletely connected high-voltage plug-in units

And when the third parallel switch is closed, the first parallel switch and the second parallel switch are both switched off, and the vehicle controller is in a state III at the moment, and firstly, the vehicle controller automatically detects the resistance value in the third loop. The third loop is composed of a vehicle control unit output end, a third parallel switch, n high-voltage plug-ins connected in series and a signal acquisition input end which are sequentially connected, namely the vehicle control unit output end, the third parallel switch input end, the third parallel switch output end, the first wiring interface 6 of the first high-voltage plug-in base, the second wiring interface 8 of the first high-voltage plug-in base, the first wiring interface 6 of the second high-voltage plug-in base, the second wiring interface 8 of the second high-voltage plug-in base, the first wiring interface 6 of the third high-voltage plug-in base, the second wiring interface 8 of the third high-voltage plug-in base, the first wiring interface 6 of the nth high-voltage plug-in base, the second wiring interface 8 of the nth high-voltage plug-in base and the signal acquisition input end which are sequentially connected form a complete loop.

Then, the vehicle controller checks the resistance value detected by the third loop and the calculated resistance value in the second loop, if the resistance values in the two loops are both 0, the vehicle runs normally, and processing is not performed;

if the resistance values in the two loops are consistent but not 0, judging whether the driving capability of the whole vehicle is influenced or not according to a high-voltage assembly corresponding to the high-voltage plug-in (each high-voltage plug-in corresponds to one high-voltage assembly in the existing vehicle), if so, outputting a control signal to a motor controller by a vehicle controller to limit the power of the whole vehicle or outputting a control signal to a battery management system to cut off a total positive relay and a total negative relay of the vehicle to prohibit the vehicle from driving (if the battery pack assembly corresponding to the high-voltage plug-in which is not completely connected is calculated, prohibiting the vehicle from driving, and if the air conditioner assembly corresponding to the high-voltage plug-in which is not completely connected is calculated, limiting the power of the whole vehicle, prohibiting the air conditioner from being started), and reporting a power limiting fault or a vehicle driving fault to;

if the resistance values in the two loops are not consistent, the vehicle control unit outputs a control signal to the motor controller to limit the power of the whole vehicle or outputs a control signal to the battery management system to cut off a total positive relay and a total negative relay of the vehicle to prohibit the vehicle from running, and the vehicle control unit reports a whole vehicle data acquisition error fault to the vehicle instrument.

The second loop and the third loop resistance value can be checked to reduce the possibility of single acquisition error.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the invention, not to limit the invention, but to protect the same without substantial changes.

Claims (1)

1. The utility model provides an electric automobile's high voltage protection device, including the high-pressure plug-in components interlock that links to each other with the electric automobile middle and high voltage subassembly that corresponds the setting respectively, each high-pressure plug-in components interlock includes high-pressure plug and high-pressure plug-in components base, high-pressure plug passes through first plug interface (3), first base interface (4) and second base interface (9) on second plug interface (10) insert high-pressure plug-in components base (5) respectively, first wiring interface (6) are connected with first base interface through a wire, second wiring interface (8) are connected with second base interface (9) through a wire, inside wire (2) both ends respectively with first plug interface and second plug interface connection, its characterized in that: a high-voltage plug-in base resistor with the resistance value of (2n-1) k omega is connected between a first base interface and a second base interface of the high-voltage plug-in base through a lead; the signal input ends of the first parallel switch (11) and the second parallel switch (12) and the third parallel switch (13) are directly connected with the signal output end of the vehicle controller, and the vehicle controller directly controls the on-off of the first parallel switch, the second parallel switch and the third parallel switch;

n high-voltage inserts connected in series with each other, n₀Second wiring interface and nth of high-voltage plug-in unit₀The first wiring interfaces in +1 high-voltage plug-in units are connected, n is more than or equal to 1₀＜n；

The signal output ends of the first parallel switch, the second parallel switch and the third parallel switch are connected with a first wiring interface of the first high-voltage plug-in, a second wiring interface of the nth high-voltage plug-in is connected with a signal input end of a grounding resistor through a lead, the signal output end of the grounding resistor is connected with the ground, and the resistance value of the grounding resistor is (2n-1) k omega;

the resistance value of a high-voltage plug-in base resistor in the high-voltage plug-in interlocking device is sequentially increased from the side of the parallel switch to the side of the grounding resistor, wherein the resistance value of a first high-voltage plug-in base in the first high-voltage plug-in interlocking device on the side of the parallel switch is 1k omega, and the resistance value of an nth high-voltage plug-in base on the side of the grounding resistor is (2n-1) k omega;

and a conducting wire between the second wiring interface of the nth high-voltage plug-in and the grounding resistor is connected with the signal acquisition input end of the vehicle control unit through a signal acquisition line.

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