CN212560387U - Device that hot pressing steel scrap recarburization used - Google Patents
Device that hot pressing steel scrap recarburization used Download PDFInfo
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- CN212560387U CN212560387U CN202021960338.9U CN202021960338U CN212560387U CN 212560387 U CN212560387 U CN 212560387U CN 202021960338 U CN202021960338 U CN 202021960338U CN 212560387 U CN212560387 U CN 212560387U
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- rotary kiln
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a device that hot pressing steel scrap recarburization used belongs to the ferrous metallurgy field, including broken system of solid fuel, feed proportioning system, rotary kiln hybrid heating system, flue gas dust removal desulfurization system, hot briquetting system. Compared with the prior art, the production of using this device can promote the carbon content in the hot briquetting to 3 ~ 8%, has avoided appearing the big problem that influences steelmaking output of cooling when the converter uses the hot briquetting, and can also play the effect that provides the heat source, reduce ton steel iron and consume when carbon content is greater than 5%.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the steelmaking raw materials prepares, concretely relates to device that hot pressing steel scrap recarburization used.
Background
The scrap steel is one of raw materials in steel-making production, and in order to achieve the effect of efficiently utilizing the scrap steel, the scrap steel is required to have certain bulk degree and specific gravity, high iron content and few impurities. In the scrap steel raw materials, some steel particles magnetically selected from steel slag, iron particles magnetically selected from iron-making fire slag, scrap iron and the like generated in the deep processing process of steel products can not be directly smelted in a furnace due to small granularity, and the conventional method mostly adopts hot-pressing agglomeration equipment to form hot-pressed particle steel blocks and then carry out steel making. Such as: the chinese utility model patent application "a scrap steel broken material hot briquetting machine and the hot pressing technology (CN201810802666.7) using the hot briquetting machine" discloses a hot pressing method: firstly, heating the broken waste iron material, controlling the heating temperature to be 800-1100 ℃, and keeping the temperature of the broken waste iron material at 900-1000 ℃ for 10-15 minutes; injecting the heated scrap iron crushing material into a cavity of the lower die; thirdly, after the scrap iron broken materials are fully stacked in the cavity to a certain height, the material pressing oil cylinder compresses (the working pressure is 20MPa-30 MPa); the density of the cake is 5.9-6.1 kg/dm.
The method separates heating and hydraulic compression, can prevent the service life from being influenced by overheating of the device, but still has the following problems: the scrap steel hot-pressing block process needs to raise the temperature of scrap steel to be more than 800 ℃ (the heat preservation temperature is 900-. The hot-pressed block made by the process can absorb a large amount of heat in the subsequent converter steelmaking production process, so that the ton iron and steel consumption is increased, and the output and rhythm of the converter are influenced. Practice proves that the total addition amount of scrap steel is reduced by 2.5 tons to 3 tons for every 1 ton of steel particle briquettes prepared by the prior art.
How to reduce the heat loss of the hot-pressed blocks to steel making, improve the yield of iron and ensure the rhythm of steel making production becomes the research subject of the prior scrap steel hot-pressed block technology.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The technical task of the utility model is not enough to above prior art, provide a hot pressing steel scrap carburation method and device, use the device to grind suitable solid fuel to suitable granularity after, join in marriage according to suitable proportion accurately and add to the steel shot, then use rotary kiln mixing, gradient heating, press into the steel scrap briquetting that contains certain fixed carbon at last.
The technical proposal of the utility model for solving the technical problem is that: a device for recarburizing hot-pressed scrap steel is characterized by comprising a solid fuel crushing system, a batching system, a rotary kiln mixing and heating system, a flue gas dedusting and desulfurizing system and a hot-pressed block system; the solid fuel crushing system comprises a fuel crusher and a belt conveyor; the batching system comprises a solid fuel bin and a steel material bin; the rotary kiln mixed heating system comprises a charging belt conveyor, a rotary kiln, a combustion fan and a gas burner; the rotary kiln is characterized in that a combustion-supporting fan and a gas burner are arranged at the head of the rotary kiln, and a charging belt conveyor and a smoke hood are arranged at the tail of the rotary kiln; the dust removal and desulfurization system comprises a bag-type dust remover, a dust removal fan and a desulfurization facility which are sequentially connected through a flue; the bag-type dust collector is connected with a smoke hood at the tail part of the rotary kiln through a flue; the hot-pressing block system comprises a distributor, a hydraulic press, a plate conveyor and a hot-pressing block storage bin.
The fuel crusher is optimized to be a four-roller crusher.
The steel material bin comprises a steel particle bin and an iron scrap bin.
The electronic belt scale adopts a PLC automatic batching system.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following outstanding beneficial effect has:
1. the carbon content in the hot-pressed blocks can be increased to 3-8% by using the device for production, the problem that the steel-making yield is influenced due to large temperature reduction when the hot-pressed blocks are used in a converter is avoided, and the effects of providing a heat source and reducing the iron consumption of steel per ton can be achieved when the carbon content is more than 5%;
2. the device is used for production, oxidation of scrap steel in the heating process is prevented, the content of metal iron can be improved by more than 1%, namely, the metal yield is increased by more than 1%, the consumption of steel materials is reduced, and the device is a circular economy technology capable of effectively improving the efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention includes a solid fuel crushing system 100, a blending system 200, a rotary kiln mixed heating system 300, a flue gas dust removal and desulfurization system 400, and a hot briquetting system 500.
The solid fuel crushing system 100 includes a fuel crusher 12 and a belt conveyor 13. The fuel crusher 12 is preferably a four-roll crusher. The solid fuel is crushed by using a four-roller crusher, the particle size of the solid fuel is required to reach 90% below 3mm, the maximum particle size is not more than 5mm, the fixed carbon content of the solid fuel is not less than 80%, and the ash content of the solid fuel is not more than 15%. The processed solid fuel is transferred to the solid fuel silo 21 of the batching system 200 by means of a belt conveyor 13.
The batching system 200 comprises a solid fuel bin 21 and a steel material bin. And each bin is connected with a charging belt conveyor through an electronic belt scale. The specific steel material bin comprises a steel particle bin 22 and an iron scrap bin 23. The electronic belt scale adopts a PLC automatic batching system, well blends solid fuel, steel particles, scrap iron and the like according to a certain proportion and batching amount, and supplies the feeding belt conveyor 31 of the rotary kiln mixed heating system 300.
The rotary kiln hybrid heating system 300 comprises a charging belt conveyor 31, a rotary kiln 32, a combustion fan 33 and a gas burner 34. The head of the rotary kiln 32 is provided with a combustion fan 33 and a gas burner 34, and the tail of the rotary kiln 32 is provided with a charging belt conveyor 31 and a smoke hood 35. The generated sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide and water vapor flow to the tail of the rotary kiln 32 along with the flue gas, are collected by a smoke hood arranged at the tail of the rotary kiln, and enter a bag-type dust collector 41 of the dust removal and desulfurization system 400.
The dust-removing desulfurization system 400 comprises a bag-type dust remover 41, a dust-removing fan 42 and a desulfurization facility 43 which are sequentially connected through a flue. The bag-type dust collector 41 is connected with a smoke hood at the tail part of the rotary kiln 32 through a flue, smoke is firstly pumped to the bag-type dust collector 41 by using a dust removing fan 42 to collect dust, then enters a desulfurization facility 43 to remove sulfur dioxide, and finally the smoke reaching the standard is discharged into the atmosphere.
The hot-pressing block system 500 comprises a distributor 51, a hydraulic press 52, a plate conveyor 54 and a hot-pressing block storage bin 55. The high-temperature steel scrap discharged from the head of the rotary kiln 32 passes through a distributor 51 and is loaded into a hydraulic press 52 cylinder connected with a hydraulic station 53, and then the hydraulic station 53 is operated to press the high-temperature steel scrap into blocks with the proportion of 5.5t/m3In this way, the hot-pressed block is finally conveyed to the hot-pressed block storage 55 by the plate conveyor 54.
The production process of the utility model comprises a solid fuel crushing process, a batching process, a rotary kiln mixed heating process, a flue gas dust removal and desulfurization process and a hot pressing process.
(1) Solid fuel crushing process
The solid fuel is crushed by a crusher (specifically, a four-roller crusher), the maximum particle size of the solid fuel is required to be not more than 5mm, and the particle size of more than 90% of the solid fuel is required to be less than 3 mm. Wherein the solid fuel can be blue carbon powder, coke powder, etc., and the fixed carbon content of the solid fuel is not less than 80% and the ash content is not more than 15%. And conveying the processed solid fuel to the batching process by using a belt conveyor.
(2) Batching procedure
The solid fuel in the step (1) is well mixed with steel particles and scrap iron according to a certain proportion and a certain amount, and is supplied to the mixing and heating step. In particular to a PLC automatic batching system used for an electronic belt scale.
(3) Mixed heating process of rotary kiln
The material prepared in the step (2) is loaded into the tail part of the rotary kiln by a loading belt conveyor, coal gas or natural gas is combusted at the head part of the rotary kiln, the material in the kiln is heated to about 900 ℃, the temperature is gradually reduced along with the flow of flue gas to the tail part of the rotary kiln until the temperature is within 200 ℃, and the specific combustion temperature and the coal gas flow can be adjusted by combining the characteristics of scrap steel, the proportion of solid fuel and the temperature of the kiln head (see the embodiment for details). Along with the rotation of the rotary kiln, the scrap steel moves from the tail part to the head part in the kiln, the temperature is gradually increased, and when the temperature reaches above 232 ℃, the sulfur in the solid fuel begins to be oxidized into sulfur dioxide:
S+O2＝SO2
when the temperature is continuously increased to 830 ℃, the solid fuel generates volatile components, and simultaneously carbon in the material reacts with a small amount of nearby oxygen to generate carbon monoxide, so that the waste steel is prevented from being oxidized, and the generated volatile components and the carbon monoxide are contacted with more oxygen and fully combusted after escaping from the material to generate carbon dioxide and water vapor.
2C+O2＝2CO
2CO+O2＝2CO2
CH4+2O2＝CO2+2H2O
The generated sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide and water vapor flow to the tail part of the rotary kiln along with the flue gas, are collected by a smoke hood arranged at the tail part of the rotary kiln and enter a dust removal and desulfurization process.
(4) Flue gas dust removal and desulfurization process
The smoke hood is arranged at the tail part of the rotary kiln through a flue, the smoke is firstly pumped to a bag-type dust collector by using a dust removal fan to collect dust, then the smoke enters a desulfurization facility to remove sulfur dioxide, and finally the smoke reaching the standard is discharged into the atmosphere.
(5) Hot pressing step
The high-temperature steel scrap discharged from the head of the rotary kiln is loaded into a hydraulic machine cylinder after passing through a distributor, and then a hydraulic station is operated to press the high-temperature steel scrap into blocks with the proportion reaching 5.5t/m3And finally, conveying the hot-pressed blocks to a hot-pressed block storage bin by a plate conveyor.
The utility model discloses a rotary kiln will set for the solid carbonaceous fuel granule and the dynamic mixture of steel shot iron fillings of specification, sulphur and the oxidation of carbon fraction stage under the temperature gradient, and the gaseous disturbance that overflows increases the contact of volatile and oxygen, has solved the partial scrap steel under the 900 ~ 1000 ℃ heat preservation temperature of prior art and has produced the technical problem of oxidation to reduce the loss of the metallic iron content in the hot briquetting, increase the metal yield, reduce the iron and steel material consumption.
Meanwhile, the process can also increase the carbon content in the hot-pressed block. In the prior art, in the heating process of the whole scrap steel, the carbon content is low, the carbon-oxygen reaction is weak, so that a large amount of metal is oxidized, the oxidation degree of iron and steel materials is high, the FeO content in a hot-pressed block is too high, and the metal yield is reduced. And the carburization effect of a molten pool is poor, and the scrap steel is refractory. In the case of a method for preparing a composite carbon-containing pellet (application number 200510134295.2) in the application of the chinese utility model, a carbon-containing material, iron oxide scale, a binder, etc. are put into a mixer to be stirred and mixed, and then pressed into a pellet, and the pellet is dried to be a finished product, but the method does not fully consider the phenomenon that the pellet bursts when the metal oxide in the pellet and carbon perform a reduction reaction in the smelting process under the condition that the carbon content is slightly increased, so that the pellet is fragmented and floats to the slag surface, and the recarburization effect is unstable. In the process, the rotary kiln is mixed and heated under the temperature gradient, the overflowed gas is disturbed, and the recarburization effect is uniform and definite. The carbon content can be improved to 3-8%, the problem that the steel making yield is influenced due to large temperature reduction when a hot-pressing block is used in the converter is avoided, and the effects of providing a heat source and reducing the iron consumption of steel per ton can be achieved when the carbon content is more than 5%.
For better verification, a comparison experiment is carried out on a hot-pressing production line of certain scrap steel in Hebei.
Wherein, the control group comprises the following process steps:
(1) a solid fuel crushing process: the same as the example group.
(2) A material preparation process: the same as the example group.
(3) A heating procedure: the prepared mixed material is heated by a heating furnace, the heating temperature is controlled to be 900-920 ℃, and the time is 10-15 minutes.
(4) Hot pressing: high-temperature scrap steel is filled into a hydraulic press cylinder, and then the hydraulic press is operated to press the high-temperature scrap steel into blocks, wherein the specific gravity reaches 6.0t/m3The above.
The embodiment group adopts the technical scheme of the utility model, and the parameters and the result data are as follows.
The hot pressing blocks produced by the groups are applied to the converter steelmaking production according to 50kg of steel per ton, and the comparative experiment result is as follows
Note: the iron yield corresponding to the hot-pressing block is calculated according to consumption data, and the iron content and the yield of other raw materials are given an empirical value which is respectively as follows: the iron content of the steel billet is 99 percent, the iron content of the molten iron is 94 percent, the iron yield is 98 percent, and the iron content of other scrap steel is 98 percent, and the iron yield is 98 percent.
From the above results, it can be seen that: compared with the prior recarburization hot-pressing technology, the technology of the utility model adopts gradient heating to fully combine the solid fuel with steel particles and scrap iron, firstly, the content of carbon in the hot-pressing block can be increased to 3-8%, the problem of the great increase of iron and steel consumption per ton caused by the addition of the cold-pressing block is effectively solved, and when the carbon amount reaches a higher amount, the iron and steel consumption per ton can be continuously reduced, thereby improving the steel yield; secondly, compared with the prior art, the technology has better reduction effect, the proportion of the metal iron in the briquettes to the total iron is increased by more than 3 percent, so that the metal yield in the steelmaking process is increased by more than 3 percent, the efficiency of recovering scrap steel resources is improved, and the steelmaking raw material cost is reduced; thirdly, the semi-coke powder adopted by the technology belongs to clean energy and is low in price, and the semi-coke powder is applied to steelmaking production through hot pressing, replaces part of high-price carburant, and is very beneficial to reducing steelmaking cost.
It should be noted that while the invention has been described in detail with respect to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various obvious changes can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A device for recarburizing hot-pressed scrap steel is characterized by comprising a solid fuel crushing system, a batching system, a rotary kiln mixing and heating system, a flue gas dedusting and desulfurizing system and a hot-pressed block system; the solid fuel crushing system comprises a fuel crusher and a belt conveyor; the batching system comprises a solid fuel bin and a steel material bin; the rotary kiln mixed heating system comprises a charging belt conveyor, a rotary kiln, a combustion fan and a gas burner; the rotary kiln is characterized in that a combustion-supporting fan and a gas burner are arranged at the head of the rotary kiln, and a charging belt conveyor and a smoke hood are arranged at the tail of the rotary kiln; the dust removal and desulfurization system comprises a bag-type dust remover, a dust removal fan and a desulfurization facility which are sequentially connected through a flue; the bag-type dust collector is connected with a smoke hood at the tail part of the rotary kiln through a flue; the hot-pressing block system comprises a distributor, a hydraulic press, a plate conveyor and a hot-pressing block storage bin.
2. The apparatus for recarburizing hot-pressed scrap according to claim 1, wherein: the fuel crusher is optimized to be a four-roller crusher.
3. The apparatus for recarburizing hot-pressed scrap according to claim 1, wherein: the steel material bin comprises a steel particle bin and an iron scrap bin.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021960338.9U CN212560387U (en) | 2020-09-10 | 2020-09-10 | Device that hot pressing steel scrap recarburization used |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021960338.9U CN212560387U (en) | 2020-09-10 | 2020-09-10 | Device that hot pressing steel scrap recarburization used |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN212560387U true CN212560387U (en) | 2021-02-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021960338.9U Expired - Fee Related CN212560387U (en) | 2020-09-10 | 2020-09-10 | Device that hot pressing steel scrap recarburization used |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN212560387U (en) |
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2020
- 2020-09-10 CN CN202021960338.9U patent/CN212560387U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Granted publication date: 20210219 Termination date: 20210910 |