CN212539036U

CN212539036U - Large-scale axle class cone tapering measuring device

Info

Publication number: CN212539036U
Application number: CN202021304159.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑福虎
Original assignee: Qinchuan Machine Tool Group Co ltd
Current assignee: Qinchuan Machine Tool Group Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-06
Filing date: 2020-07-06
Publication date: 2021-02-12
Anticipated expiration: 2030-07-06

Abstract

The utility model discloses a taper measuring device for large shaft cones, which comprises a base which can be fixedly arranged on a part to be detected, wherein an adjusting ruler and a short level instrument part are arranged on the base, one end of the adjusting ruler is hinged on the base, the other end of the adjusting ruler is connected with the adjusting ruler in a sliding way through a differential head with adjustable height, and a measuring head of the differential head is fixedly arranged on the base; install the long spirit level that is used for detecting the levelness on the adjustment ruler, the utility model relates to an ingenious, rational in infrastructure, easy operation, measurement are accurate, when detecting great and large-scale axle type work piece cone, can get rid of the influence of human factor to measured data completely, make to measure tapering efficiency and promote by a wide margin, the precision improves by a wide margin. The data during measurement are more visual.

Description

Large-scale axle class cone tapering measuring device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a machine-building technical field especially relates to a large-scale axle type cone tapering measuring device.

Background

Larger and large shaft cone workpieces are ubiquitous and indispensable in parts throughout the machine manufacturing industry. The measurement of the cone on the workpiece is also time consuming and laborious in relation to other parts during the grinding process. At present, when a cone of a part of the type is machined by using a horizontal cylindrical grinding machine, a traditional method for obtaining high-precision measurement generally adopts ring gauge contact measurement or measurement by means of large-scale measurement equipment which wastes time and labor. When the ring gauge is used for measuring, because the taper is only roughly positioned by the common cylindrical grinding machine, the machine tool adjustment and the ring gauge contact measurement need to be repeatedly carried out for many times, and therefore the taper which is more consistent with the ring gauge is obtained. Because the contact measurement is visual measurement judgment, the accurate taper difference cannot be directly measured, the judgment can only be carried out by experience, meanwhile, the workpiece is required to be disassembled for measurement and adjustment for many times, time and labor are wasted, and the error of the taper value obtained by visual measurement by experience is large.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To above-mentioned defect or not enough, the utility model aims to provide a more directly perceived more accurate large-scale axle type cone tapering measuring device.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is that:

a large-scale shaft cone taper measuring device comprises a base which can be fixedly arranged on a part to be detected, wherein an adjusting ruler and a short level instrument part are arranged on the base, one end of the adjusting ruler is hinged to the base, the other end of the adjusting ruler is connected with the adjusting ruler in a sliding mode through a height-adjustable differential head, and a measuring head of the differential head is fixedly arranged on the base; and the adjusting ruler is provided with a long level gauge for detecting levelness.

The short level gauge part comprises a first short level gauge and a second level gauge which are arranged at two ends of the base.

The base is provided with an adjusting ruler fixing seat, and one end of the adjusting ruler is installed on the adjusting ruler fixing seat through a rotating shaft.

The adjusting ruler fixing seat is fixedly arranged on the base through an inner hexagon screw, and a positioning pin used for determining the position and the direction of the fixing seat is arranged on the adjusting ruler fixing seat.

The vertical central line of the rotating shaft hole of the adjusting ruler fixing seat and the vertical central line of the fixing hole of the differential head on the top surface of the base are integers, and the tolerance is within 0.005 mm.

A plurality of magnet blocks are installed in the base.

A plurality of mounting grooves are formed in the base, and the magnet blocks are fixedly mounted in the mounting grooves.

The tip of adjustment chi is U type socket, has seted up the spout on the U type socket, and little head card is in U type socket, and the radial outer wall of little head leads to fixed mounting has the fixed axle, and the both ends slidable mounting of fixed axle is in the spout of U type socket, and when adjusting little head, the other end of adjustment chi can rotate around the base, forms the contained angle, and the fixed axle is at the spout internal rotation, adjusts the contained angle of little head and adjustment chi.

The precision of the long level meter reaches 4 '/2 mm, and the precision of the short level meter reaches 30'/2 mm.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

the utility model provides a large-scale axle class cone tapering measuring device, owing to set up the special adjustment chi of adjusting of angle, and can fix and set up the base on waiting to detect the part, so when measuring, need not to wait to detect the work piece and pull down from the lathe, only need adsorb measuring device bottom surface axial tangent in the roughly generating line position of cone, manual rotation work piece and manual fine setting measuring apparatu, make the vertical short spirit level bubble in horizontality in both sides, from 0 position boiling water adjustment differential head to long spirit level be in the horizontality, with the height value that the differential head obtained, calculate through the trigonometric function and gain the current cone angle of cone. And comparing the angles to be obtained, and only repeatedly adjusting the table board of the machine tool and finishing the workpiece until the taper meeting the process requirement is achieved. The utility model relates to an ingenious, rational in infrastructure, easy operation, measurement are accurate, when detecting great and large-scale axle type work piece cone, can get rid of the influence of human factor to measured data completely. The efficiency of taper measurement is greatly improved, and the precision is greatly improved. The data during measurement are more visual.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the large shaft cone taper measuring device of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the taper measuring device for large shaft cones of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the calibration of the taper measuring device for large shaft cones according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the cone measurement of the cone taper measuring device for large shafts;

fig. 5 is a measuring principle diagram of the large shaft cone taper measuring device of the utility model.

In the figure, 1 — base; 2, adjusting a ruler; 3-long level; 4-differential head; 5, adjusting a ruler fixing seat; 6-1 — a first level; 6-2 — second level; 7-a magnet block; 8, a differential head fixing shaft; 9-a positioning pin; 10-countersunk head screw; 11-socket head cap screw.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in figures 1 and 2, the utility model provides a more directly perceived more accurate measuring device to solve this type of work piece when the abrasive machining cone, the measurement need rely on range estimation and experience to relapse a lot of measurement, adjustment, could obtain the difficult problem of higher accuracy. The influence of human factors on the measurement data can be completely eliminated, the workpiece does not need to be repeatedly disassembled and assembled, the working efficiency is improved, and the precision influence on the workpiece caused by repeated disassembly and assembly of the workpiece is reduced. And because the design precision of each part of the device is higher, and the device has the adjustability and the calibration of the measuring tool. The error caused by the device can be effectively reduced, and the accuracy of the measuring result is improved. Even the ring gauge can be used for measurement verification or replacing the ring gauge measurement.

A taper measuring device for large shaft cones comprises a base 1 which can be fixedly arranged on a part to be detected, wherein an adjusting ruler 2 is arranged on the base 1, one end of the adjusting ruler 2 is hinged to the base 1, the other end of the adjusting ruler is connected with the adjusting ruler 2 in a sliding mode through a height-adjustable differential head 4, and a measuring head of the differential head 4 is fixedly arranged on the base 1; and a long level 3 for detecting levelness is arranged on the adjusting ruler 2. Preferably, a short level is arranged on the base 1. The short gradienter comprises a first short gradienter 6-1 and a second short gradienter 6-2 which are arranged at the left side of the adjusting ruler 2. FIG. 1 shows that the bottom surface, the top surface, the adjusting ruler and the horizontal line of the long level 3 of the base 1 are parallel to each other when the differential head 4 is at the 0 position, and the axes of the horizontal line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to the rotating shaft and the rotating shaft hole of the left fixed end of the adjusting ruler 2 and the fixing shaft 8 of the right differential head 4 at the two ends of the base 1. The long level 3 is mounted on the adjustment ruler 2 by means of countersunk screws 10.

The utility model discloses a 3 required precision of long spirit level reach 4 '/2 mm (0.02mm/m), first, two short spirit levels 6-1, 6-2 require the precision to reach 30'/2 mm (0.15mm/m), and first, two short spirit levels 6-1, 6-2 within 0.003mm parallel with the bottom surface, within perpendicular 0.003mm with long spirit level (3) water flat line.

Specifically, be provided with adjustment chi fixing base 5 on the base 1, the one end of adjustment chi 2 is installed on adjustment chi fixing base 5 through the pivot. The adjusting ruler fixing seat 5 is fixedly installed on the base 1 through an inner hexagon screw 11, and a position and direction positioning pin 9 used for determining the fixing seat 5 is arranged on the adjusting ruler fixing seat 5. The vertical central line of a rotating shaft hole of the whole ruler fixing seat (5) and the vertical central line of a fixing hole of the differential head 4 on the top surface of the base 1 are integers, the tolerance is within 0.005mm, and the two holes are within 0.001mm vertical to the top surface of the base 1, namely the axis of the differential head 4 is within 0.01mm vertical to the top surface of the base 1. .

In order to fix the measuring device on the measured device conveniently, a plurality of magnet blocks 7 are arranged in the base 1. A plurality of mounting grooves are formed in the base 1, and the magnet blocks 7 are fixedly mounted in the mounting grooves. Exemplarily, the utility model discloses be provided with 7 pieces, the embedding is fixed in the 1 bottom surface inslot of base, slightly is dark in 1 bottom surface of base below the magnet piece, can not the direct contact work piece, and guarantees that magnetic force can make 1 bottom surface of base hug closely on the cone generating line by horizontal central line position.

The clearance between the rotating shaft at the left end of the adjusting ruler 2 and the rotating shaft hole of the adjusting ruler fixing seat 5 is within 0.003mm, and the axis of the adjusting ruler is within 0.003mm parallel to the first gradienter 6-1 and the second gradienter 6-2. The axial clearance between the opening of the U-shaped socket at the right end and the sliding section of the differential head fixing shaft 8 is within 0.02mm and within 0.005 of the radial clearance. The screw hole on the top surface of the adjusting ruler 2 is used for fixing the long level 3, and the horizontal line of the long level 3 is ensured to be within 0.001 vertical to the horizontal lines of the first short level 6-1 and the second short level 6-2. The horizontal line of the long level 3 is within 0.002 parallel to the bottom surface of the base 1 when the differential head 4 is at the 0 position. The utility model discloses well differential head 4 is the differential head of 50 ranges of straight advancing formula.

The utility model discloses a working process does:

as shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, when a large and large shaft part is processed by a horizontal cylindrical grinding machine, two centers are used for clamping, when a cone is ground, the taper is measured, a workpiece does not need to be detached from the machine tool, only the bottom surface of a measuring device needs to be axially tangent and adsorbed at the position of a general generatrix of the cone, the workpiece is manually rotated, and the measuring instrument is manually finely adjusted, so that the longitudinal first and second short gradienters 6-1 and 6-2 on two sides are in a horizontal state. The differential head 4 is adjusted from 0 position of boiled water to the level of the level meter. The current cone angle of the cone is obtained by trigonometric calculation using the height value obtained by the differential head 4. And comparing the angles to be obtained, and only repeatedly adjusting the table board of the machine tool and finishing the workpiece until the taper meeting the process requirement is achieved. FIG. 3 shows that the measuring device calibrates the horizontal difference of the axis of the workpiece at the position of the generatrix on the excircle of the straight section of the workpiece, and the excircle of the straight section is generally required to be ground and have the taper and the run-out within 0.005mm for more accurate calibration value. Or excluded by micrometer measurement calculation. Fig. 4 shows that the measuring device measures the taper of the cone at the generatrix position on the cone, and the measured value of the differential head 4 should be subtracted by the axial level difference obtained in the calibration of fig. 3. And finally, obtaining an accurate angle value of the cone through calculation. Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the measurement device during measurement, and it can be seen from fig. 4 that the included angle formed in the measurement device after the level of the long level gauge is adjusted (after the horizontal difference of the axis is subtracted) is equal to the half angle of the cone. From fig. 5, it can be seen that the vertical lines of the axes of the rotating shafts at the two ends of the adjusting ruler are designed to be integers and are not changed, for example: 150mm, the right-angled long side of the right-angled triangle existing in the structure. The value measured by the differential head 4 is the length of the right-angled short side, for example: 18.87mm, the length of the oblique side is obtained according to the Pythagorean theorem, and the included angle formed by the device, namely the half angle 7.170 degrees of the cone is obtained by utilizing a trigonometric function.

The utility model discloses a measuring device's calibration method:

because the axis between the two centers of the cylindrical grinding machine is not completely horizontal, a little error exists. When a more accurate measuring result is needed, the measuring device is only required to be used for measuring on the excircle of the straight section ground by the original workpiece or on the standard cylindrical measuring rod clamped by two apexes by the same method of cone measurement, and the measured result is subtracted by a little taper difference of the excircle of the straight section. The horizontal difference of the axes between the two apexes can be obtained. When the cone is measured, the axial line level difference between the two apexes is subtracted to obtain a measurement result with higher precision.

It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and therefore, the modifications and changes that can be made by those skilled in the art to some parts of the present invention still embody the principles of the present invention, and the objects of the present invention are achieved, all falling within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The taper measuring device for the large shaft cone is characterized by comprising a base (1) which can be fixedly arranged on a part to be detected, wherein an adjusting ruler (2) and a short level instrument part are arranged on the base (1), one end of the adjusting ruler (2) is hinged to the base (1), the other end of the adjusting ruler (2) is in sliding connection with the adjusting ruler (2) through a height-adjustable differential head (4), and a measuring head of the differential head (4) is fixedly arranged on the base (1); and a long level meter (3) for detecting levelness is arranged on the adjusting ruler (2).

2. The taper measuring device for the large shaft cones according to claim 1, wherein the short level parts comprise a first short level (6-1) and a second short level (6-2) arranged at two ends of the base (1).

3. The taper measuring device for the large shaft cones according to claim 2, wherein the base (1) is provided with an adjusting ruler fixing seat (5), and one end of the adjusting ruler (2) is installed on the adjusting ruler fixing seat (5) through a rotating shaft.

4. The taper measuring device for the large shaft cones according to claim 3, wherein the adjusting ruler fixing seat (5) is fixedly installed on the base (1) through an inner hexagon screw (11); the adjusting ruler fixing seat (5) is provided with a positioning pin (9) used for determining the position and the direction of the adjusting ruler fixing seat (5).

5. The taper measuring device for the large shaft cones according to claim 4, wherein the vertical central line of the rotating shaft hole of the adjusting ruler fixing seat (5) and the vertical central line of the fixing hole of the differential head (4) on the top surface of the base (1) are integers, and the tolerance is within 0.005 mm.

6. The taper measuring device for large shafts according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of magnet blocks (7) are mounted in the base (1).

7. The taper measuring device for the large shaft cones according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of mounting grooves are formed in the base (1), and the magnet blocks (7) are fixedly mounted in the mounting grooves.

8. The taper measuring device for the large shaft cone according to claim 1, wherein the end of the adjusting ruler (2) is a U-shaped socket, a chute is formed in the U-shaped socket, the differential head (4) is clamped in the U-shaped socket, a fixing shaft (8) is fixedly installed on the radial outer wall of the differential head (4), two ends of the fixing shaft (8) are slidably installed in the chute of the U-shaped socket, when the differential head (4) is adjusted, the other end of the adjusting ruler (2) can rotate around the base (1) to form an included angle, and the fixing shaft (8) rotates in the chute to adjust the included angle between the differential head (4) and the adjusting ruler (2).

9. The taper measuring device for large shaft cones according to claim 1, characterized in that the long level (3) has a precision of 4 "/2 mm and the short level has a precision of 30"/2 mm.