CN212525405U - System for treating household garbage - Google Patents
System for treating household garbage Download PDFInfo
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- CN212525405U CN212525405U CN202020962161.XU CN202020962161U CN212525405U CN 212525405 U CN212525405 U CN 212525405U CN 202020962161 U CN202020962161 U CN 202020962161U CN 212525405 U CN212525405 U CN 212525405U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
Abstract
The utility model discloses a system for treating domestic garbage, which comprises a garbage pit, a sorting device, a rotary screen, a magnetic separator, a crusher, a drying and pyrolysis unit and an aerobic composting device, wherein the garbage pit is provided with a domestic garbage inlet, a percolate outlet and a garbage outlet after piling and filtering; the sorting device is provided with a filtered garbage inlet, a usable garbage outlet and a recyclable garbage outlet; the rotary screen is provided with an available garbage inlet, an oversize outlet and an undersize outlet, the magnetic separator is provided with an oversize inlet, an iron outlet and a magnetic separation material, and the crusher is provided with a magnetic separation material inlet and a crushing material; the drying and pyrolysis unit comprises an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, the inner cylinder is rotatably arranged and provided with a crushed material inlet and a pyrolysis oil gas outlet, and the inner cylinder is provided with a pyrolysis carbon outlet; the outer cylinder body is sleeved on the inner cylinder body, a heat exchange space is formed between the inner cylinder body and the outer cylinder body, and the heat exchange space is provided with a high-temperature flue gas inlet and a heat exchange flue gas outlet; the aerobic composting device is provided with a screen underflow inlet and an organic fertilizer outlet.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of solid useless utilization, concretely relates to system for handle domestic waste.
Background
At present, the mainstream domestic garbage disposal technology comprises a sanitary landfill method, an incineration method, a composting method and the like. Wherein the sanitary landfill method occupies large area and has serious secondary pollution; the reduction of the composting method is not thorough, the residual inorganic substances on the screen still need to be buried or burned, and the percolate also needs to be treated; the incineration plant used in the incineration method has high construction investment and high operation cost, generates a large amount of dioxin and fly ash, requires a complicated tail gas treatment facility, and generates fly ash which needs to be solidified and buried, thus bringing high additional cost.
Therefore, the existing technology for disposing of the domestic garbage needs to be improved.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The present invention aims at solving at least one of the technical problems in the related art to a certain extent. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a system and a method for treating domestic garbage, which not only effectively solve the problem of high cost of domestic garbage treatment, but also realize the recycling and harmless treatment of domestic garbage.
In one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a system for disposing domestic garbage. According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, the system includes:
a refuse pit having a domestic refuse inlet, a leachate outlet and a post-heap-filtered refuse outlet;
the sorting device is provided with a filtered garbage inlet, a usable garbage outlet and a recyclable garbage outlet, and the filtered garbage inlet is connected with the filtered garbage outlet;
the rotary screen is provided with a usable garbage inlet, an oversize product outlet and an undersize product outlet, and the usable garbage inlet is connected with the usable garbage outlet;
the magnetic separator is provided with an oversize material inlet, an iron outlet and a magnetically-separated material, and the oversize material inlet is connected with the oversize material outlet;
the crusher is provided with a magnetic separation material inlet and a crushed material, and the magnetic separation material inlet is connected with the magnetic separation material outlet;
a dry pyrolysis unit comprising:
the inner cylinder body is rotatably arranged, a crushed material inlet and a pyrolysis oil gas outlet are formed in the front end of the inner cylinder body, the crushed material inlet is connected with the crushed material outlet, and a pyrolysis carbon outlet is formed in the rear end of the inner cylinder body;
the outer cylinder body is sleeved on the inner cylinder body, a heat exchange space is formed between the inner cylinder body and the outer cylinder body, and the heat exchange space is provided with a high-temperature flue gas inlet and a heat exchange flue gas outlet;
the aerobic composting device is provided with a screen underflow inlet and an organic fertilizer outlet, and the screen underflow inlet is connected with the screen underflow outlet.
According to the system for processing domestic waste of the embodiment of the utility model, through supplying domestic waste to the rubbish hole and piling and filtering, and the rubbish after piling and filtering that will separate and obtain is supplied to sorting unit, the big rubbish in the separation and selection rubbish, bold metal object and recoverable rubbish such as plastic bottle and plastic bottle, then supply surplus usable rubbish to the drum sieve and sieve, obtain the undersize that contains easily degradable material such as kitchen leftover bits and pieces, food waste and leaves and the oversize that contains difficult degradable material such as plastic bag, bold wood, plastic products respectively, and supply the undersize that contains easily degradable material to the aerobic composting device and carry out the compost, obtain the fertilizer, the oversize that contains difficult degradable material separates out iron wherein after the magnetic separation, and supply the high temperature flue gas that supplies to the heat transfer space in the interior barrel of dry pyrolysis unit after smashing surplus magnetic separation material and carry out indirect heat transfer, the pyrolysis reaction takes place for material after the breakage in the barrel, obtains pyrolysis oil gas and pyrolytic carbon, and oversize material and undersize all obtain resource utilization promptly, because the pyrolysis reaction of material after the breakage is gone on under the anaerobic condition, can reduce the production of dioxin greatly to the pyrolysis process does not have the production of flying dust. Therefore, the system not only effectively solves the problem of high cost of the existing household garbage treatment, but also realizes the recycling and harmless utilization of the household garbage.
In addition, the system for processing domestic garbage according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
optionally, the above system further comprises: the high-temperature cyclone dust collector is provided with a pyrolysis oil gas inlet, a purified oil gas outlet and a dust outlet, and the pyrolysis oil gas inlet is connected with the pyrolysis oil gas outlet; the hot blast stove is provided with a primary air inlet, a secondary air inlet, a natural gas inlet, a purified oil gas inlet and a combustion flue gas outlet, wherein the purified oil gas inlet is connected with the purified oil gas outlet, and the combustion flue gas outlet is connected with the high-temperature flue gas inlet. Therefore, the dependence of the system on external energy can be reduced, and the resource utilization of garbage is realized.
Optionally, the above system further comprises: the waste heat boiler is provided with a heat exchange flue gas inlet, a cooling water inlet, a steam outlet and a cold flue gas outlet, and the heat exchange flue gas inlet is connected with the heat exchange flue gas outlet; an evaporator having a leachate inlet, a steam inlet, and a residue outlet, the leachate inlet connected to the leachate outlet, the steam inlet connected to the steam outlet, and the residue outlet connected to the dry pyrolysis unit. Therefore, the resource and harmless utilization of the landfill leachate are realized, and the system is free from wastewater discharge.
Optionally, the above system further comprises: and the tail gas treatment device is provided with a tail gas inlet and a tail gas outlet reaching the standard, and the tail gas inlet is connected with the cold flue gas outlet.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a system for treating domestic garbage according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a system for treating domestic garbage according to still another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a system for treating domestic waste according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a system for treating domestic waste according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a method for treating domestic waste according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for treating domestic garbage according to still another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart of a method for treating domestic waste according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a flow chart illustrating a method for treating domestic garbage according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.
In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature may be directly on or directly under the second feature or indirectly via intermediate members. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a system for treating solid waste. According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1-4, the system comprises: a refuse pit 100, a sorting device 200, a trommel 300, a magnetic separator 400, a crusher 500, a dry pyrolysis unit 600 and an aerobic composting device 700.
According to the embodiment of the utility model, referring to fig. 1, rubbish pit 100 has domestic waste entry 101, filtration liquid export 102 and pile and strain back rubbish export 103, and is suitable for piling and straining domestic waste to obtain filtration liquid and pile and strain back rubbish. Specifically, the garbage pit 100 is a concrete tank body for receiving garbage transported by a household garbage transport vehicle, and temporarily storing and stacking the garbage for 5 to 7 days, so that organic matters in the household garbage are subjected to primary fermentation to separate out water, namely leachate.
According to the embodiment of the utility model, referring to fig. 1, sorting unit 200 has heap and strains back rubbish entry 201, usable rubbish export 202 and recoverable rubbish export 203, and heap and strain back rubbish entry 201 and heap and strain back rubbish export 103 and link to each other, and be suitable for to select separately the above-mentioned heap and strain back rubbish that obtains, selects out the major possession rubbish in the rubbish, bold metal object and recoverable like recoverable rubbish such as plastic bottle and plastic bottle, and remaining usable rubbish gets into subsequent handling. Specifically, the sorting process is to separate large garbage, large metal objects and recyclable articles such as plastic bottles and glass bottles from the household garbage by a manual method, so that the resource recycling rate is improved, the treatment difficulty of subsequent equipment is reduced, and the safety and stability of the process are ensured.
According to the embodiment of the utility model, referring to fig. 1, trommel 300 has usable rubbish entry 301, oversize export 302 and undersize export 303, and usable rubbish entry 301 links to each other with usable rubbish export 202, and is suitable for screening above-mentioned remaining usable rubbish to obtain the undersize that contains easily degradable material such as kitchen leftover bits and pieces, food waste and leaves and the oversize that contains difficult degradable material such as plastic bag, bold wood, plastic products. Specifically, the easily degradable substances have small particle size, such as kitchen leftovers, food residues, leaves and the like, while the difficultly degradable substances generally have large particle size, such as plastic bags, large wood blocks, glass bottles, plastic products and the like. Therefore, dust and most of easily degradable organic matters can be screened out as undersize materials for continuous treatment through screening, and the rest large garbage mainly comprises plastic bags, wood and other compost non-easily degradable substances as oversize materials for continuous treatment.
According to the embodiment of the utility model, referring to fig. 1, magnet separator 400 has oversize thing entry 401, iron export 402 and magnetic separation back material 403, and oversize thing entry 401 links to each other with oversize thing export 302, and is suitable for the oversize thing that contains difficult degradation materials such as plastic bag, bold wood, plastic products that obtain to the aforesaid and carries out the magnetic separation, separates iron wherein, prevents its broken subsequent breaker, and the residual material is then for the magnetic separation back material.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, breaker 500 has magnetic separation back feed inlet 501 and broken back feed 502, and magnetic separation back feed inlet 501 links to each other with magnetic separation back feed outlet 403, and is suitable for the magnetic separation back feed that obtains to the aforesaid and carries out breakage to obtain broken back feed. It should be noted that, those skilled in the art can select the particle size of the crushed material according to the actual situation, and details are not described herein.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the dry pyrolysis unit 600 includes an inner cylinder 61 and an outer cylinder 62.
According to the utility model discloses a specific embodiment, refer to fig. 1, interior barrel 61 is along the rotatable setting of horizontal direction, along with the rotation of interior barrel 61, the material rolls in barrel 61 including the breakage, and the broken back material that barrel 61 was interior in the propulsion entering of interior barrel 61 (not shown) moves ahead, and the front end of interior barrel 61 is equipped with broken back material entry 601 and pyrolysis oil gas export 602, broken back material entry 601 links to each other through feeding spiral (not shown) with broken back material export 502, the rear end of interior barrel 61 is equipped with pyrolysis carbon export 603, even broken back material carry out the pyrolysis under the anaerobic condition, make organic matter emergence decomposition wherein, become pyrolysis gas, tar (gaseous state at the high temperature) and pyrolysis carbon, the pyrolysis carbon that obtains can regard as soil amendment or building materials utilization.
According to the utility model discloses a still another embodiment, refer to fig. 1, outer barrel 62 cover is established on interior barrel 61 to form heat transfer space 63 between interior barrel 61 and the outer barrel 62, heat transfer space 63 is equipped with high temperature flue gas entry 604 and heat transfer exhanst gas outlet 605, supply with high temperature flue gas in heat transfer space 63 through high temperature flue gas entry 604 promptly, use the high temperature flue gas to provide the heat source for the pyrolytic reaction of broken back material in the interior barrel 61 as the heat source promptly, and high temperature flue gas heat transfer cooling is the heat transfer flue gas. Preferably, the high-temperature flue gas inlet 604 is arranged close to the pyrolytic carbon outlet 603, and the heat exchange flue gas outlet 605 is arranged close to the crushed material inlet 601, that is, the moving direction of the crushed material in the inner cylinder 61 is opposite to the flowing direction of the flue gas in the heat exchange space 63, so that the heat exchange efficiency is improved. It should be noted that, those skilled in the art can select the temperature conditions of the high-temperature flue gas and the heat exchange flue gas according to actual needs, and details are not described here.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, good oxygen composting device 700 has subsieve fraction entry 701 and fertilizer export 702, and subsieve fraction entry 701 links to each other with subsieve fraction export 303, and it is suitable for supplying to the good oxygen composting device with the subsieve fraction that contains the organic matter of easy degradation that obtains in the drum sieve, obtains the fertilizer. It should be noted that the technology for preparing the organic fertilizer by aerobic composting using the easily degradable organic matter in the step is the prior art, and a person skilled in the art can select further required raw materials and operation conditions according to actual needs, and details are not described here.
According to the system for processing domestic waste of the embodiment of the utility model, through supplying domestic waste to the rubbish hole and piling and filtering, and the rubbish after piling and filtering that will separate and obtain is supplied to sorting unit, the big rubbish in the separation and selection rubbish, bold metal object and recoverable rubbish such as plastic bottle and plastic bottle, then supply surplus usable rubbish to the drum sieve and sieve, obtain the undersize that contains easily degradable material such as kitchen leftover bits and pieces, food waste and leaves and the oversize that contains difficult degradable material such as plastic bag, bold wood, plastic products respectively, and supply the undersize that contains easily degradable material to the aerobic composting device and carry out the compost, obtain the fertilizer, the oversize that contains difficult degradable material separates out iron wherein after the magnetic separation, and supply the high temperature flue gas that supplies to the heat transfer space in the interior barrel of dry pyrolysis unit after smashing surplus magnetic separation material and carry out indirect heat transfer, the pyrolysis reaction takes place for material after the breakage in the barrel, obtains pyrolysis oil gas and pyrolytic carbon, and oversize material and undersize all obtain resource utilization promptly, because the pyrolysis reaction of material after the breakage is gone on under the anaerobic condition, can reduce the production of dioxin greatly to the pyrolysis process does not have the production of flying dust. Therefore, the system not only effectively solves the problem of high cost of the existing household garbage treatment, but also realizes the recycling and harmless utilization of the household garbage.
Further, referring to fig. 2, the system further includes: a high-temperature cyclone dust collector 800 and a hot blast stove 900.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, high temperature cyclone 800 has pyrolysis oil gas entry 801, purifies oil gas export 802 and dust outlet 803, and pyrolysis oil gas entry 801 links to each other with pyrolysis oil gas export 602, and is suitable for the high temperature pyrolysis oil gas that obtains in the above-mentioned dry pyrolysis unit 600 to carry out cyclone, obtains purifying oil gas and dust.
According to the embodiment of the utility model, hot-blast furnace 900 has a wind entry 901, overgrate air entry 902, natural gas entry 903, purify oil gas entry 904 and burning exhanst gas outlet 905, it links to each other with purification oil gas outlet 802 to purify oil gas entry 904, burning exhanst gas outlet 905 links to each other with high temperature exhanst gas entry 604, and be suitable for and carry out the air distribution with the overgrate air behind the purification oil gas that obtains above-mentioned whirlwind separation and the mixed combustion of a wind and natural gas, so that obtain the burning flue gas, and supply with the burning flue gas and use as high temperature flue gas in the outer barrel 62 to dry pyrolysis unit 600. Specifically, the main components of pyrolysis gas in the pyrolysis oil gas obtained by pyrolysis are CO and H2The combustible gas can be directly combusted to provide energy, the main components of tar in the pyrolysis oil gas are long-chain organic molecular substances, benzene ring substances and the like, the heat values of the substances are high, and the part of oil gas is supplied to the hot blast stove to be used as fuel, so that the dependence of the system on the outside can be reduced, and the garbage treatment cost is reduced.
Further, referring to fig. 3, the system further includes: waste heat boiler 1000 and evaporator 1100.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, exhaust-heat boiler 1000 has heat transfer flue gas entry 1001, cooling water entry 1002, steam outlet 1003 and cold exhanst gas outlet 1004, and heat transfer flue gas entry 1001 links to each other with heat transfer exhanst gas outlet 605, and is suitable for the heat transfer flue gas that obtains in the outer barrel 62 with above-mentioned dry pyrolysis unit 600 to supply with exhaust-heat boiler 1000 in and carry out the heat transfer with the cooling water to obtain steam and cold flue gas, thereby realize the effective recovery of heat transfer flue gas waste heat.
According to the embodiment of the utility model, evaporimeter 1100 has filtration liquid entry 1101, steam inlet 1102 and residue export 1103, and filtration liquid entry 1101 links to each other with filtration liquid export 102, and steam inlet 1102 links to each other with steam export 1003, and residue export 1103 links to each other with dry pyrolysis unit 600, and is suitable for and utilizes steam to carry out evaporation treatment to filtration liquid, and the residue of production then gets into dry pyrolysis unit 600 and handles, makes the no waste water discharge of system.
Further, referring to fig. 4, the system further includes: the exhaust gas treatment device 1200. According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, tail gas processing apparatus 1200 has tail gas entry 1201 and tail gas export 1202 up to standard, and tail gas entry 1201 links to each other with cold exhanst gas outlet 1004, and is suitable for and obtains cold flue gas after the heat transfer to above-mentioned exhaust-heat boiler 1000 and carry out purification treatment to realize the discharge up to standard of tail gas. It should be noted that, a person skilled in the art can purify the cold flue gas according to actual needs, for example, steps such as water washing and alkali washing are adopted, and the cold flue gas can be discharged after reaching the standard.
As described above, the system for processing domestic garbage according to the embodiment of the present invention further has one of the following advantages:
1. the utility model discloses good oxygen compost of system coupling and pyrolysis process of handling domestic waste, rubbish oversize thing carry out the pyrolysis and produce pyrolytic carbon, can regard as building materials or soil amendment to use, and the undersize thing can the compost produce fertilizer, and the oversize thing and the undersize thing of rubbish all obtain resource utilization promptly.
2. According to the utility model discloses system for handle domestic waste utilizes the heat transfer flue gas waste heat steam that the pyrolysis produced for the produced filtration liquid of refuse disposal makes the system have no wastewater discharge.
3. According to the utility model discloses the entire system among the system of processing domestic waste does not have the waste and produces, and waste water, waste residue have all obtained effectual innoxious and resourceful treatment.
4. According to the utility model discloses oversize thing that the trommel obtained in the system of processing domestic waste adopts pyrolysis treatment, avoids dioxin and the flying dust pollution that msw incineration produced, and tail gas pollutant concentration is low, and treatment cost is low.
For the convenience of understanding, the method for treating the domestic garbage by using the above system of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 5 to 8. According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, this method includes:
s100: the domestic garbage is supplied to a garbage pit for stacking and filtering
In this step, the domestic waste is fed into a waste pit for heap filtration, so as to obtain leachate and heap-filtered waste. Specifically, the garbage pit 100 is a concrete tank body for receiving garbage transported by a household garbage transport vehicle, and temporarily storing and stacking the garbage for 5 to 7 days, so that organic matters in the household garbage are subjected to primary fermentation to separate out water, namely leachate.
S200: the garbage after being piled and filtered is supplied to a sorting device for sorting
In the step, the obtained garbage after the filtering stack is supplied to a sorting device for sorting, large garbage, large metal objects and recyclable garbage such as plastic bottles and plastic bottles in the garbage are sorted, and the residual usable garbage enters the subsequent process. Specifically, the sorting process is to separate large garbage, large metal objects and recyclable articles such as plastic bottles and glass bottles from the household garbage by a manual method, so that the resource recycling rate is improved, the treatment difficulty of subsequent equipment is reduced, and the safety and stability of the process are ensured.
S300: the available garbage is supplied to a drum screen for screening
In the step, the surplus available garbage after sorting is supplied to a drum screen for screening so as to obtain undersize containing easily degradable substances such as kitchen leftovers, food residues and leaves and oversize containing difficultly degradable substances such as plastic bags, large wood blocks and plastic products. Specifically, the easily degradable substances have small particle size, such as kitchen leftovers, food residues, leaves and the like, while the difficultly degradable substances generally have large particle size, such as plastic bags, large wood blocks, glass bottles, plastic products and the like. Therefore, dust and most of easily degradable organic matters can be screened out as undersize materials for continuous treatment through screening, and the rest large garbage mainly comprises plastic bags, wood and other compost non-easily degradable substances as oversize materials for continuous treatment.
S400: feeding the oversize material containing refractory organic matters into a magnetic separator for magnetic separation
In the step, the oversize material which is obtained by screening and contains the difficult-to-degrade substances such as plastic bags, large wood blocks, plastic products and the like is subjected to magnetic separation, iron in the oversize material is separated, the oversize material is prevented from crushing a subsequent crusher, and the residual material is the magnetic separation material.
S500: feeding the magnetically-separated material into a crusher for crushing
In the step, the obtained magnetically separated material is supplied to a crusher to be crushed so as to obtain a crushed material. It should be noted that, those skilled in the art can select the particle size of the crushed material according to the actual situation, and details are not described herein.
S600: the crushed material is supplied to an inner cylinder of the drying and pyrolysis unit to indirectly exchange heat with the high-temperature flue gas in the heat exchange space
In the step, the obtained crushed materials are supplied to the inner cylinder of the drying pyrolysis unit to indirectly exchange heat with the high-temperature flue gas in the heat exchange space, and the crushed materials are pyrolyzed to obtain pyrolysis oil gas, pyrolysis carbon and heat exchange flue gas. Namely, the crushed materials are pyrolyzed under the anaerobic condition, so that organic matters in the crushed materials are decomposed into pyrolysis gas, tar (gaseous at high temperature) and pyrolytic carbon, and the obtained pyrolytic carbon can be used as a soil conditioner or a brick making way and the like. It should be noted that, those skilled in the art can select the temperature conditions of the high-temperature flue gas and the heat exchange flue gas according to actual needs, and details are not described here.
S700: feeding the undersize containing easily degradable organic matters into an aerobic composting device
In the step, the undersize containing the easily degradable organic matter obtained in the trommel screen of the step S300 is supplied to an aerobic composting device to obtain the organic fertilizer. It should be noted that the technology for preparing the organic fertilizer by aerobic composting using the easily degradable organic matter in the step is the prior art, and a person skilled in the art can select further required raw materials and operation conditions according to actual needs, and details are not described here.
According to the embodiment of the utility model, the domestic garbage is supplied to the garbage pit for stacking and filtering, the garbage after stacking and filtering obtained by separation is supplied to the sorting device, large garbage, large metal objects and recyclable garbage such as plastic bottles and plastic bottles in the garbage are sorted out, the residual usable garbage is supplied to the drum sieve for screening, undersize containing easily degradable substances such as kitchen leftovers, food residues and leaves and oversize containing difficultly degradable substances such as plastic bags, large wood and plastic products are respectively obtained, the undersize containing the easily degradable substances is supplied to the aerobic composting device for composting to obtain organic fertilizer, the oversize containing the difficultly degradable substances is separated out of iron after magnetic separation, and the residual magnetically separated oversize substances are supplied to the high-temperature flue gas supplied to the heat exchange space in the inner cylinder of the dry pyrolysis unit after being crushed for indirect heat exchange, the pyrolysis reaction takes place for material after the breakage in the barrel, obtains pyrolysis oil gas and pyrolytic carbon, and oversize material and undersize all obtain resource utilization promptly, because the pyrolysis reaction of material after the breakage is gone on under the anaerobic condition, can reduce the production of dioxin greatly to the pyrolysis process does not have the production of flying dust. Therefore, the method not only effectively solves the problem of high cost of the existing domestic garbage treatment, but also realizes the recycling and harmless utilization of the domestic garbage.
Further, referring to fig. 6, the method further includes:
s800: supplying the pyrolysis oil gas obtained in the step S600 to a high-temperature cyclone dust collector for dust removal
In this step, the pyrolysis oil gas obtained in step S600 is supplied to a high temperature cyclone for dust removal, so as to obtain purified oil gas and dust.
S900: supplying natural gas, primary air and purified oil gas into the hot blast furnace, burning, distributing air with secondary air, and supplying combustion flue gas to step S600
In this step, the purified oil gas obtained by the cyclone separation is mixed with primary air and natural gas for combustion and then is distributed with secondary air, so as to obtain combustion flue gas, and the combustion flue gas is supplied to the outer cylinder 62 of the drying and pyrolysis unit 600 to be used as high-temperature flue gas. Specifically, the main components of pyrolysis gas in the pyrolysis oil gas obtained by pyrolysis are CO and H2The combustible gas can be directly combusted to provide energy, the main components of tar in the pyrolysis oil gas are long-chain organic molecular substances, benzene ring substances and the like, the heat values of the substances are high, and the part of oil gas is supplied to the hot blast stove to be used as fuel, so that the dependence of the system on the outside can be reduced, and the garbage treatment cost is reduced.
Further, referring to fig. 7, the method further includes:
s1000: the heat exchange flue gas obtained in the step S600 is supplied to a waste heat boiler to exchange heat with cooling water
In the step, the heat exchange flue gas obtained in the step S600 is supplied to a waste heat boiler to exchange heat with cooling water so as to obtain steam and cold flue gas, and therefore the waste heat of the heat exchange flue gas is effectively recovered.
S1100: and (2) supplying the percolate obtained in the step S100 to an evaporator to exchange heat with steam, supplying the residues to a step S600, supplying the percolate obtained in the step S100 and the steam obtained in the step S1000 to the evaporator to exchange heat between the percolate and the steam so as to obtain the residues, and supplying the residues to the inner cylinder body of the drying and pyrolysis unit in the step S600 to carry out pyrolysis reaction, so that no waste water is discharged from the system.
Further, referring to fig. 8, the method further includes:
s1200: supplying the cold flue gas obtained in the step S1000 to a tail gas treatment device and then discharging the cold flue gas after reaching the standard
In this step, the cold flue gas obtained after the heat exchange of the exhaust-heat boiler 1000 in the step S1000 is supplied to a tail gas treatment device for purification treatment, so as to achieve the standard emission of the tail gas. It should be noted that, a person skilled in the art can purify the cold flue gas according to actual needs, for example, steps such as water washing and alkali washing are adopted, and the cold flue gas can be discharged after reaching the standard.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A system for treating household waste, comprising:
a refuse pit having a domestic refuse inlet, a leachate outlet and a post-heap-filtered refuse outlet;
the sorting device is provided with a filtered garbage inlet, a usable garbage outlet and a recyclable garbage outlet, and the filtered garbage inlet is connected with the filtered garbage outlet;
the rotary screen is provided with a usable garbage inlet, an oversize product outlet and an undersize product outlet, and the usable garbage inlet is connected with the usable garbage outlet;
the magnetic separator is provided with an oversize material inlet, an iron outlet and a magnetically-separated material, and the oversize material inlet is connected with the oversize material outlet;
the crusher is provided with a magnetic separation material inlet and a crushed material, and the magnetic separation material inlet is connected with the magnetic separation material outlet;
a dry pyrolysis unit comprising:
the inner cylinder body is rotatably arranged, a crushed material inlet and a pyrolysis oil gas outlet are formed in the front end of the inner cylinder body, the crushed material inlet is connected with the crushed material outlet, and a pyrolysis carbon outlet is formed in the rear end of the inner cylinder body;
the outer cylinder body is sleeved on the inner cylinder body, a heat exchange space is formed between the inner cylinder body and the outer cylinder body, and the heat exchange space is provided with a high-temperature flue gas inlet and a heat exchange flue gas outlet;
the aerobic composting device is provided with a screen underflow inlet and an organic fertilizer outlet, and the screen underflow inlet is connected with the screen underflow outlet.
2. The system for disposing of household garbage according to claim 1, further comprising:
the high-temperature cyclone dust collector is provided with a pyrolysis oil gas inlet, a purified oil gas outlet and a dust outlet, and the pyrolysis oil gas inlet is connected with the pyrolysis oil gas outlet;
the hot blast stove is provided with a primary air inlet, a secondary air inlet, a natural gas inlet, a purified oil gas inlet and a combustion flue gas outlet, wherein the purified oil gas inlet is connected with the purified oil gas outlet, and the combustion flue gas outlet is connected with the high-temperature flue gas inlet.
3. The system for treating domestic waste according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:
the waste heat boiler is provided with a heat exchange flue gas inlet, a cooling water inlet, a steam outlet and a cold flue gas outlet, and the heat exchange flue gas inlet is connected with the heat exchange flue gas outlet;
an evaporator having a leachate inlet, a steam inlet, and a residue outlet, the leachate inlet connected to the leachate outlet, the steam inlet connected to the steam outlet, and the residue outlet connected to the dry pyrolysis unit.
4. The system for disposing of household garbage according to claim 3, further comprising:
and the tail gas treatment device is provided with a tail gas inlet and a tail gas outlet reaching the standard, and the tail gas inlet is connected with the cold flue gas outlet.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111589845A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-08-28 | 北京云水浩瑞环境科技有限公司 | System and method for treating household garbage |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111589845A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-08-28 | 北京云水浩瑞环境科技有限公司 | System and method for treating household garbage |
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