CN212523625U - Flue gas pollutant removal system suitable for small-scale unit - Google Patents
Flue gas pollutant removal system suitable for small-scale unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN212523625U CN212523625U CN202021264458.5U CN202021264458U CN212523625U CN 212523625 U CN212523625 U CN 212523625U CN 202021264458 U CN202021264458 U CN 202021264458U CN 212523625 U CN212523625 U CN 212523625U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a flue gas pollutant removal system suitable for small-scale unit, it includes boiler, desulfurization absorbing device, dirt nitre filter equipment, waste heat recovery device, draught fan and chimney that connect gradually through the pipeline, wherein the desulfurization absorbing device includes desulfurization reaction unit and desulfurizer storehouse, the desulfurizer storehouse is connected in the desulfurization reaction unit top through the pipeline, the desulfurization reaction unit with the boiler passes through the pipeline connection; the dust and nitrate filtering device comprises a box body and a plurality of ceramic fiber filter tubes, the box body is connected with the desulfurization reaction device through a pipeline, and the ceramic fiber filter tubes are arranged in the box body. The utility model provides a three gas cleaning process of dust removal SOx/NOx control can be realized accomplishing in a device to the flue gas pollutant desorption system, is an integration gas cleaning process systems to the area of this system is little, is applicable to small-scale unit, can satisfy the requirement of stricter minimum emission.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of flue gas desulfurization denitration, especially, relate to a flue gas pollutant desorption system suitable for small-scale unit.
Background
Gas-solid separation is a separation process used in the industries of chemical industry, metallurgy, coal combustion and gasification, cement, environmental protection and the like, and particularly the removal and recovery of solid particles in high-temperature gas are important subjects of industrial waste gas treatment and environmental protection. In view of the problems of the widely used gas-solid separation technologies such as cyclone dust removal, water film dust removal, fiber filtration, electrostatic dust removal and bag dust collection in the application process, the collection of the nano-powder in large-scale production becomes a technical difficulty with the advent of the nano-technology era.
In addition, the traditional desulfurization and denitrification system is complex in process route, large in occupied area, high in energy consumption and not suitable for small-scale units. Therefore, the requirements of biomass power plants and garbage power plants on reducing occupied area, reducing energy consumption and realizing ultralow emission of flue gas while ensuring simple system are difficult to meet.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above defect of prior art, the utility model provides a flue gas pollutant desorption system suitable for small-scale unit, this system not only the system is succinct, energy consumption greatly reduced, has reduced factory area moreover, can also satisfy the requirement of the ultralow emission of flue gas simultaneously, is applicable to high temperature kiln dust removal denitration such as coking, glass kiln, biomass boiler, msw incineration, nonferrous smelting, industrial boiler.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model discloses a following technical scheme realizes:
a flue gas pollutant removal system suitable for small-scale units comprises a boiler, a desulfurization absorption device, a dust and nitrate filtering device, a waste heat recovery device, an induced draft fan and a chimney which are sequentially connected through a pipeline, wherein the desulfurization absorption device comprises a desulfurization reaction device and a desulfurizer bin, the desulfurizer bin is connected above the desulfurization reaction device through a pipeline, and the desulfurization reaction device is connected with the boiler through a pipeline;
the dust and nitrate filtering device comprises a box body and a plurality of ceramic fiber filtering pipes, the box body is connected with the desulfurization reaction device through a pipeline, the ceramic fiber filtering pipes are arranged in the box body, and the ceramic fiber filtering pipes are sequentially connected; the ceramic fiber filter tube is a hollow filter tube made of ceramic fibers, the outer surface of the ceramic fiber filter tube is coated with a denitration catalyst, and the ceramic fiber filter tube is internally provided with the denitration catalyst.
Preferably, the device is connected to an ammonia gas storage device and an activated carbon storage device through pipelines between the desulfurization reaction device and the box body of the dust and nitrate filtering device.
Preferably, the plurality of ceramic fiber filter tubes are sequentially connected at the top ends, and partition plates are arranged at the joints among the ceramic fiber filter tubes and the joints between the box body and the ceramic fiber filter tubes to divide the box body into an upper box body and a lower box body.
Preferably, the lower box body is connected with the desulfurization reaction device through a pipeline, and the upper box body is connected with the waste heat recovery device through a pipeline.
Preferably, the dust and nitrate filtering device further comprises a conical ash hopper, and the conical ash hopper is arranged below the box body; the lower part of the conical ash bucket is provided with ash through holes for preventing ash blockage, and the angle between the wall surface of the funnel at the lower part of the conical ash bucket and the horizontal plane is more than 65 degrees.
Preferably, the dust and nitrate filtering device further comprises a pulse blowing system, and the pulse blowing system is connected to the top ends of the plurality of ceramic fiber filter tubes through a blowing tube.
Preferably, the dust and nitrate filtering device further comprises a compressed air storage device, and the compressed air storage device is connected with the pulse blowing system through a pipeline.
Preferably, the desulfurizing agent comprises slaked lime and/or baking soda, and the denitration catalyst is 20% ammonia water.
Flue gas generated by high-temperature furnaces such as coking furnaces, glass furnaces, biomass boilers, waste incineration, nonferrous smelting furnaces, industrial boilers and the like generally contains pollutants which are not beneficial to the environment, and the pollutants in the flue gas comprise acid gas, nitric oxide and dust. The utility model provides a flue gas pollutant removing system suitable for small-scale units, which is an integrated system for simultaneously removing the flue gas pollutants in one unit by utilizing a ceramic fiber filter tube; the principle of the flue gas purification is that a desulfurizer and a nitrogen oxide reducing agent are added into the flue gas at the upstream of a dust and nitrate filtering device, namely, the desulfurizer is sprayed into the flue gas through a desulfurization absorption device to carry out dry desulfurization or semi-dry desulfurization; the outer surface coating of ceramic fibre chimney filter has the denitration catalyst, the solid particle thing that carries in the flue gas is filtered when denitration catalyst and ceramic fibre chimney filter pipe wall through the surface of ceramic fibre chimney filter, the flue gas of desorption dusting and partial nitrogen oxide is when passing the pipe wall of ceramic fibre chimney filter, the denitration reaction takes place under the effect of the denitration catalyst of flue gas equipartition in the ceramic fibre chimney filter, thereby realize accomplishing the three gas cleaning process of dust removal SOx/NOx control in a device, be an integration gas cleaning process system.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses a beneficial technological effect as follows:
1. the utility model discloses in be applicable to the dry desulfurization that desulfurization absorbing device of flue gas pollutant desorption system of small-scale unit goes on, to SO3The absorption effect with HCl is better than that of a wet method, and the HCl and HCl react directly through acid and alkali; the main cause of the poisoning of the low-temperature catalyst is SO contained in the flue gas3And NH3And H2O reacts to form NH4HSO4Ammonium Bisulfate (ABS), and its preparation methodThe industrial flue gas temperature is generally lower than the ABS dew point (about ≈ 320 ℃), so that ABS generated under the industrial flue gas condition is a very viscous liquid and is easy to cover the surface of the catalyst to cause the deactivation of the catalyst. If SO3Effectively removed, so that ABS poisoning can be avoided; and SO2The actual influence to the catalyst is not big, consequently, the utility model discloses a carry out desulfurization absorbing device that dry process desulfurization or semi-dry process desulfurization can effectively desulfurize.
2. The high temperature resistance of the ceramic fiber filter tube can realize the treatment of flue gas at high temperature, avoid the dew points of acid gas and water, effectively reduce the corrosion of equipment and provide the optimal desulfurization and denitrification reaction temperature.
3. The ceramic fibers forming the ceramic fiber filter tube are of a fine porous structure formed in a staggered mode, submicron solid particles can be filtered, high-efficiency filtering is achieved, and dust emission can be reduced to 2mg/Nm3(ii) a Meanwhile, the dust hopper arranged in the dust and nitrate filtering device solves the problem of collecting nano powder produced in large scale.
4. The denitration catalyst is uniformly distributed in the ceramic fiber filter tube, so that the contact between the catalyst and dust and toxic substances is effectively avoided, the problems of blockage, poisoning inactivation and the like of the catalyst can be fundamentally solved, and the service life of the catalyst is fully prolonged; the contact of the ammonia nitrogen mixture and the catalyst is maximized, the escape of ammonia is minimized while the high-efficiency denitration is realized, and the consumption of the denitration catalyst is reduced.
5. The modular filter device has the advantages that the modular filter device is structurally designed, so that the whole equipment can normally run in a larger working condition fluctuation range, the maintenance without shutdown can be realized, and the requirements of national new environmental protection policies are met.
6. The system has the advantages of small temperature drop and less heat energy loss, and can reduce the maintenance of heat energy recovery equipment and prolong the service life of the heat energy recovery equipment while realizing the maximum heat energy recovery from the clean flue gas.
7. The system has compact structure and small occupied area; high automation operation and simple and convenient operation and maintenance.
8. The system has high reliability, high controllability and low operation cost, and can meet the requirements of stricter ultra-low emissionThe smoke dust is less than 10mg/Nm3，SO2＜35mg/Nm3，NOx＜50mg/Nm3Ammonia escape < 2.5mg/Nm3。
Therefore, the utility model provides a flue gas pollutant desorption system suitable for small-scale unit can be applied to biomass power plant and rubbish power plant flue gas purification system, has that the system is simple, energy saving consumes, reduces multiple obvious advantages such as taking up an area of, and the technological system of the ultralow emission of flue gas is realized to the complicated process route in the fungible current market.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a flue gas pollutant removal system suitable for a small-scale unit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The utility model provides a pair of flue gas pollutant desorption system 10 suitable for small-scale unit is shown in fig. 1, and this system includes boiler 100, desulfurization absorbing device 200, dirt nitre filter equipment 300, waste heat recovery device 400, draught fan 500 and chimney 600 that connect gradually through the pipeline. In small-scale units such as biomass power plants and garbage power plants, flue gas generated by a boiler is subjected to dry desulfurization or semi-dry desulfurization through a desulfurization absorption device under the action of a draught fan, then enters a dust and nitrate filtering device to remove dust and nitrogen oxides simultaneously, and the flue gas after removal of flue gas pollutants is subjected to waste heat recovery through a waste heat recovery device and finally is discharged through a chimney; the whole system is simpler, occupies less area, is suitable for a biomass power plant and a garbage power plant which use small-scale units, and can remove smoke pollutants more efficiently, and each emission index meets the requirement of ultralow emission.
The desulfurization absorption device 200 comprises a desulfurization reaction device 210 and a desulfurizer bin 220, the desulfurizer bin 220 is connected above the desulfurization reaction device 210 through a pipeline, and the desulfurization reaction device 210 is connected with the boiler 100 through a pipeline; flue gas generated by the boiler is conveyed into the desulfurization reaction device 210 through a pipeline, a desulfurizer is conveyed downwards from the desulfurizer bin 220 to the desulfurization reaction device 210, and the desulfurizer and the flue gas are subjected to dry desulfurization or semi-dry desulfurization in the desulfurization reaction device 210.
The dust and nitrate filtering device 300 comprises a box body 310 and a plurality of ceramic fiber filtering pipes 320, wherein the box body 310 is connected with the desulfurization reaction device 210 through a pipeline, the ceramic fiber filtering pipes 320 are arranged in the box body 310, and the ceramic fiber filtering pipes 320 are sequentially connected in the box body 310; the ceramic fiber filter tube 320 is a hollow filter tube made of ceramic fibers, the outer surface of the ceramic fiber filter tube 320 forms a catalyst layer by coating a denitration catalyst, and the denitration catalyst is arranged in the ceramic fiber filter tube 320. The desulfurized flue gas is conveyed into the box body 310 from the desulfurization reaction device 210, solid particles carried in the flue gas are filtered when passing through the catalyst layer and the pipe wall of the ceramic fiber filter pipe 320 in the box body 310, the flue gas from which the acidic gas and the particles are removed passes through the pipe wall of the ceramic fiber filter pipe 320 and then enters the ceramic fiber filter pipe 320, and a denitration reaction is carried out under the action of the denitration catalyst uniformly distributed in the ceramic fiber filter pipe 320, so that the integrated removal of the dust and the nitrogen oxides is completed.
The top ends of the ceramic fiber filtering tubes 320 are connected in sequence, and the partition plates 330 are arranged at the joints between the ceramic fiber filtering tubes 320 and between the box body 310 and the ceramic fiber filtering tubes 320 to divide the box body 310 into an upper box body 311 and a lower box body 312, that is, the box body 310 is divided by the mutual connection of the ceramic fiber filtering tubes 320 and the partition plates 330, the lower box body 312 is connected with the desulfurization reaction device 210 through a pipeline, and the upper box body 311 is connected with the waste heat recovery device 400 through a pipeline. Therefore, the flue gas after desulfurization, which is delivered from the desulfurization reaction device 210, first enters the lower box 312, is subjected to dust removal and denitration by the ceramic fiber filter tubes 320, and then is delivered from the tops of the ceramic fiber filter tubes 320 to the upper box 311 and delivered to the waste heat recovery device 400, so that heat is recovered and reused.
All the wall plates of the box body 310 of the dust and nitrate filtering device 300 are reinforced by profile steel or reliable folded edges, and the profile steel is provided with mounting bolts, so that the installation and the positioning on site are facilitated. Dirt nitre filter equipment 300 still includes toper ash bucket 340, and toper ash bucket 340 is located box 310 below for collect the dust of desorption, the lower part of toper ash bucket 340 is equipped with the logical grey hole that prevents stifled ash, and the wall of toper ash bucket 340 lower part funnel is greater than 65 with the angle of horizontal plane, more is favorable to collecting the dust and avoids stifled ash.
The dust and nitrate filter apparatus 300 further comprises a pulse blowing system (not shown) connected to the plurality of ceramic fiber filter tubes 320 through blowing tubes. The pulse blowing system is provided with a submerged pulse valve on the blowing pipe connected to the ceramic fiber filter tube 320. The fixed end of the injection pipe is convenient to detach, injection positioning and precision guarantee are facilitated, and the fixed bolt of the injection pipe is required to be made of stainless steel. The venturi tube is arranged at the tube opening of the ceramic fiber filter tube 320, and the structure of the injection tube adopts a flaring orifice and a supersonic flow guide nozzle, so that the dust and the saltpeter can be removed and filtered more conveniently.
The dust and nitrate filtering apparatus 300 further comprises a compressed air storage device 350, wherein the compressed air storage device 350 is connected with the pulse blowing system through a pipeline, and the compressed air stored in the compressed air storage device 350 is sprayed into the ceramic fiber filter tube 320 for blowing through the control of the pulse blowing system. And the method can also be used for instruments and valves in the whole system.
An ammonia gas storage device (not shown in the figure) and an activated carbon storage device (not shown in the figure) are further connected to the pipeline between the desulfurization reaction device 210 and the box body 310, and the ammonia gas storage device and the activated carbon storage device can be used for respectively pretreating acidic gas and dust in the flue gas before the flue gas enters the dust and nitrate filtering device 300.
In this embodiment, for reducing the desulfurization reaction unit temperature drop, need do the heat preservation measure to desulfurization absorbing device 200, the thickness of heat preservation is 200mm, and this heat preservation adopts aluminium silicate cellucotton to all strengthening ribs are applied by the heat preservation cladding, avoid the naked heat dissipation that leaks of reinforcement. And the top of the desulfurizer bin is provided with a vacuum release valve and a bin top dust remover, the whole desulfurizer bin body is sealed, the inner surface of the whole desulfurizer bin is smooth and free from powder accumulation, and the conical hopper wall of the inner wall of the bin is provided with a fluidization plate to avoid the blockage of a blanking system. And a special fluidized air system is also arranged in the desulfurizer bin to prevent the desulfurizer bin from being affected with damp, so that the blockage of a discharging system is avoided.
In the utility model, the desulfurizer comprises slaked lime and/or baking soda. The desulfurization efficiency of the embodiment is more than 93 percent, the Ca/S ratio can reach 4.5, and the consumption of the desulfurizer is 450 kg/h.
The denitration catalyst is 20% ammonia water. After the flue gas is treated, all emission indexes meet the ultra-low emission requirement, namely the smoke dust is less than 10mg/Nm3，SO2＜35mg/Nm3，NOx＜50mg/Nm3Ammonia escape < 2.5mg/Nm3(standard, dry basis, 6% oxygen content).
Claims (7)
1. A flue gas pollutant removal system suitable for small-scale units is characterized by comprising a boiler, a desulfurization absorption device, a dust and nitrate filtering device, a waste heat recovery device, an induced draft fan and a chimney which are sequentially connected through a pipeline, wherein the desulfurization absorption device comprises a desulfurization reaction device and a desulfurizer bin;
the dust and nitrate filtering device comprises a box body and a plurality of ceramic fiber filtering pipes, the box body is connected with the desulfurization reaction device through a pipeline, the ceramic fiber filtering pipes are arranged in the box body, and the ceramic fiber filtering pipes are sequentially connected; the ceramic fiber filter tube is a hollow filter tube made of ceramic fibers, the outer surface of the ceramic fiber filter tube is coated with a denitration catalyst, and the ceramic fiber filter tube is internally provided with the denitration catalyst.
2. The flue gas pollutant removal system suitable for small-scale units according to claim 1, is characterized in that a pipeline is connected between the desulfurization reaction device and the box body of the dust and nitrate filtering device to an ammonia gas storage device and an activated carbon storage device.
3. The system for removing smoke pollutants suitable for small-scale units according to claim 1, wherein said plurality of ceramic fiber filter tubes are connected in series at the top end, and partition plates are provided at the connection between said ceramic fiber filter tubes and the connection between said box body and said ceramic fiber filter tubes to divide said box body into an upper box body and a lower box body.
4. The system for removing pollutants from flue gas applicable to small-scale units according to claim 3, wherein the lower tank and the desulfurization reaction device are connected through a pipeline, and the upper tank and the waste heat recovery device are connected through a pipeline.
5. The flue gas pollutant removal system suitable for small-scale units of claim 1, wherein the dust and nitrate filtering device further comprises a conical ash hopper, and the conical ash hopper is arranged below the box body; the lower part of the conical ash bucket is provided with ash through holes for preventing ash blockage, and the angle between the wall surface of the funnel at the lower part of the conical ash bucket and the horizontal plane is more than 65 degrees.
6. The flue gas contaminant removal system according to claim 1, wherein the dust and nitrate filtration apparatus further comprises a pulse injection system connected to the top ends of the plurality of ceramic fiber filter tubes by injection tubes.
7. The flue gas contaminant removal system according to claim 6, wherein the dust and nitrate filtering device further comprises a compressed air storage device, and the compressed air storage device is connected with the pulse blowing system through a pipeline.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202021264458.5U CN212523625U (en) | 2020-07-02 | 2020-07-02 | Flue gas pollutant removal system suitable for small-scale unit |
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| CN202021264458.5U CN212523625U (en) | 2020-07-02 | 2020-07-02 | Flue gas pollutant removal system suitable for small-scale unit |
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