CN212504915U - Straw wet anaerobic fermentation and aerobic fermentation combined treatment device - Google Patents
Straw wet anaerobic fermentation and aerobic fermentation combined treatment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN212504915U CN212504915U CN202021521284.6U CN202021521284U CN212504915U CN 212504915 U CN212504915 U CN 212504915U CN 202021521284 U CN202021521284 U CN 202021521284U CN 212504915 U CN212504915 U CN 212504915U
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Abstract
A straw wet anaerobic fermentation and aerobic fermentation combined treatment device and a method belong to the technical field of biogas production by utilizing straw anaerobic fermentation. The biogas slurry conveyed from the outside enters a biogas slurry storage tank for temporary storage, enters a hydrolysis tank through a pump, the straw enters a straw crusher through a loading tool, the crushed straw enters the hydrolysis tank through a belt conveyor, the straw and the biogas slurry tank are sufficiently hydrolyzed and acidified, meanwhile, hydrolytic enzyme is added, an I-type solid-liquid separator is used for separating aerobic fermentation products after hydrolytic acidification, the separated solid enters a pipeline pulping machine, all the slurry enters a II-type solid-liquid separator, after solid-liquid separation, the solid part contains cellulose and hemicellulose and enters an aerobic fermentation organic fertilizer production workshop, the liquid part enters a temporary storage tank and enters an anaerobic fermentation tank through a pump, the produced biogas is externally used, and the generated biogas slurry flows back. A large amount of biogas slurry can be consumed, no biogas slurry is discharged, and the hydraulic retention time of straw anaerobic fermentation is shortened to about 22 days from 48 days.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an utilize straw anaerobic fermentation to produce marsh gas technical field for consume natural pond liquid (or beasts and birds excrement are dirty) and no longer produce natural pond liquid, can avoid the cellulose that is difficult to decompose simultaneously again to get into the technology of anaerobic fermentation process, the cellulose is used for good oxygen compost. In particular to a device and a method for the combined treatment of wet anaerobic fermentation and aerobic fermentation of straws.
Background
The method has the advantages that rice straws and energy crops in south China, corn straws, wheat straws and the like in north China have high yield, belong to agricultural wastes, have great adverse effects on the environment, are difficult to be recycled, need to be developed and fill up the technical blank of straw recycling, and the anaerobic fermentation technology for producing the biogas by using the straws as the raw materials is a good development direction, but the bottleneck restricting the technical development is that the cellulose in the straws is difficult to decompose and has long time. Meanwhile, the wet anaerobic fermentation technology has high gas production rate, but the bottleneck restricting the technology development is that a large amount of biogas slurry (liquid with high ammonium nitrogen content and high COD content) cannot be treated.
Therefore, the solution of the straw anaerobic fermentation technology and the reduction of biogas slurry generation become an important research direction. The current approaches to research are mainly focused on the following 3 points: (1) a dry-type anaerobic fermentation technology for straws. (2) And the hydraulic retention time of anaerobic fermentation is increased. (3) Facultative hydrolysis technology. The rumen of the cattle is simulated, the straws are pretreated, cellulose and hemicellulose are hydrolyzed and fermented to be converted into volatile fatty acid, and biological enzyme and facultative bacteria play an important role in the process. The technology mainly has the functions of improving the decomposition capacity of cellulose and increasing the biogas yield in the anaerobic fermentation process.
In the technology of producing biogas by straw anaerobic fermentation, how to fully utilize resources, shorten fermentation time, achieve stable gas production, and no biogas slurry is a bottleneck of biogas engineering development.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model relies on high-efficiency straw pulping equipment and slurry separation equipment, and develops a technology for producing biogas by anaerobic fermentation of other organic matters, wherein the technology separates cellulose and hemicellulose which are not easy to decompose by anaerobic fermentation in straws, and the cellulose and the hemicellulose are used for aerobic composting. The utility model discloses the raw and other materials that utilize are straw and natural pond liquid, and the product is marsh gas and fertilizer, has realized agricultural discarded object comprehensive utilization. This utility model can consume a large amount of natural pond liquid, and project itself no longer produces natural pond liquid and arranges outward, and this utility model can also shorten straw anaerobic fermentation water conservancy dwell time to about 22 days by 48 days, and the partial investment of equal scale project anaerobic fermentation has reduced nearly 50%.
The purpose of the utility model is solved through the following scheme:
straw wet-type anaerobic fermentation + aerobic fermentation combined treatment device, its characterized in that: the biogas slurry storage tank (1) is communicated and connected with the hydrolysis tank (4) through a water inlet pump and a water inlet valve, the loading tool (2) is used for loading straws to the straw crusher (3), and the straw crusher (3) is connected with the hydrolysis tank (4) through a belt for conveying straw powder; the hydrolysis tank (4) is connected with the I-type solid-liquid separator (5), the liquid outlet of the I-type solid-liquid separator (5) is connected with the hydrolysis tank (4), the solid outlet of the I-type solid-liquid separator (5) is connected with the pipeline pulping machine (6), the pipeline pulping machine (6) is connected with the II-type solid-liquid separator (7), the solid outlet of the II-type solid-liquid separator (7) is connected with an aerobic fermentation organic fertilizer production workshop (10), the liquid outlet of the II-type solid-liquid separator (7) is connected with the temporary storage tank (8), the temporary storage tank (8) is connected with the anaerobic fermentation tank (9) through a valve and a pump, and the bottom of the anaerobic fermentation tank (9) is connected with the hydrolysis tank (4) through a valve;
a stirring device is arranged in the hydrolysis tank (4), the upper part of the hydrolysis tank is connected with a pipeline for dripping the cellulose hemicellulose hydrolase, and the pipeline for dripping the cellulose hemicellulose hydrolase is provided with a pipeline pump and a flowmeter; the hydrolysis tank (4) is provided with a heating device, and the bottom of the hydrolysis tank (4) is provided with an aeration device.
The anaerobic fermentation tank (9) is provided with detection instruments such as a temperature transmitter, a pressure transmitter, a level meter, a material level meter and the like, the top of the tank is provided with a gas storage cabinet, and the top of the tank is provided with a positive and negative pressure protector.
The biogas slurry storage tank (1) is communicated with the temporary storage tank (8) through a valve and is used for adjusting the solid content in the temporary storage tank (8).
Each valve and each pump can be connected with a controller, and the controller is used for controlling the opening and closing of the corresponding valve and the corresponding pump.
The method for carrying out the straw wet anaerobic fermentation and aerobic fermentation combined treatment by adopting the device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
biogas slurry conveyed from the outside enters a biogas slurry storage tank (1) for temporary storage, enters a hydrolysis tank (4) through a pump, enters a straw crusher (3) through a loading tool (2), crushed straws enter the hydrolysis tank (4) through a belt conveyor, the straws and the biogas slurry tank are subjected to full hydrolysis acidification, meanwhile, hydrolytic enzyme is added, an I-type solid-liquid separator (5) is used for separating aerobic fermentation products after hydrolysis acidification, the separated solids enter a pipeline pulping machine (6), all slurry enters a II-type solid-liquid separator (7), after solid-liquid separation, a solid part, namely cellulose and hemicellulose, enters an aerobic fermentation organic fertilizer production workshop (10), a liquid part enters a temporary storage tank (8), enters an anaerobic fermentation tank (9) through a pump, the produced biogas is used externally, and the generated biogas slurry flows back;
the specific procedures comprise the following steps:
(1) straw crushing and feeding
According to the designed feeding amount and hydraulic retention time of the hydrolysis tank, the straw crushing and feeding time is controlled by weighing; the straw is fed in a sequencing batch mode, the hydrolysis tank starts to feed after reaching the low level height of the material level, and the feeding is stopped after reaching the feeding weight or the high level height of the material level of the hydrolysis tank;
the crushed straw particle size is required to be 5-10 cm, and basic parameters (solid content and the like) are assayed by straws every batch;
(2) biogas slurry feeding
Determining biogas slurry feeding time according to the designed water inflow and the low level height of the material level of the hydrolysis tank, controlling the opening and closing of a water inlet pump and a water inlet valve through a process controller, starting the water inlet pump and the water inlet valve to inject biogas slurry into the hydrolysis tank after a system is started, automatically closing the water inlet pump and the water inlet valve when the preset time or the preset material level height is reached, and ending water inflow;
(3) hydrolytic acidification
After all the materials are fed, adding cellulose and hemicellulose hydrolase, wherein the adding amount of the hydrolase is controlled by a pipeline pump and a flow meter, and the adding amount of the hydrolase is 5-25FPU/g substrate; starting a stirring device to enable the straws to be completely immersed in the biogas slurry, wherein the hydrolysis process is a facultative reaction, and when the straws are subjected to the soaking and water swelling stages, aeration is started, and meanwhile, the hydrolysis tank is heated; the hydraulic retention time is 36-72 h; temperature control: 35-37 ℃;
(4) feeding material
After the hydrolysis acidification and aerobic fermentation processes are completed, free water still exists in the hydrolysis tank, the materials in the hydrolysis tank are subjected to first solid-liquid separation, the high-solid-content materials enter a pipeline pulping machine for pulping, the materials after pulping enter a second solid-liquid separation, cellulose and hemicellulose which are difficult to perform anaerobic fermentation are separated, and the rest of the pulp is pumped into a temporary storage tank and then is pumped into an anaerobic fermentation tank;
the slurry entering the buffer tank generally has a solids content of 12.5%.
(5) Anaerobic fermentation
By means of a CSTR-type anaerobic reactorThe oxygen fermentation process has solid content of 7.83% in the fermentation tank, continuous feeding for several hours every day, periodic external circulation stirring while heating, and maintaining the temperature in the fermentation tank at 35-38 deg.C. Carrying out anaerobic fermentation; treating biogas generated by anaerobic fermentation according to project requirements; the biogas slurry generated by anaerobic fermentation can not generate NH4 +Enrichment, so that the whole can be recycled;
(6) organic fertilizer
And (4) directly using the straw fiber and hemicellulose part subjected to solid-liquid separation in the step (4) to aerobic composting, wherein the solid content of the straw fiber and hemicellulose part is 30-35%.
Compared with other straw and biogas slurry treatment technologies, the utility model has the advantages that:
(1) and other treatment technologies of straw, such as: compared with incineration power generation, the method has the advantages of small investment, energy conservation and environmental protection.
(2) And other treatment technologies of biogas slurry, such as: compared with ammonium nitrogen removal, membrane treatment, flocculation solid-liquid separation, evaporation treatment and the like, the method has the advantages of small investment, low operation cost, energy conservation and environmental protection.
(3) With other anaerobic fermentation techniques, such as: compared with the dry type anaerobic method with full straws and the wet type anaerobic method with full straws, the method has the advantages of small investment, low operation cost, no environmental pollution and high benefit.
The dry anaerobic fermentation technology (solid content is 25-30%) for all straws is still in the development stage due to poor fluidity of the straws and difficult decomposition of cellulose, and no mature and stable operation technology exists, but the dry anaerobic fermentation technology has the characteristics of high input and low output.
Because the straws contain a large amount of cellulose, the anaerobic decomposition time is long, and the cellulose is directly separated for aerobic composting by the technology, so the anaerobic fermentation time is shortened to about 20 days from about 45 days, the treatment capacity of the same raw materials, facility equipment and construction land are reduced by half, the initial investment is also reduced by half, and the operation cost is also greatly reduced.
The technology has almost no influence on the methane yield and the organic fertilizer yield, and improves the yield under the condition of reducing the investment and the operation cost.
The wet anaerobic fermentation technology used at present has great popularization difficulty due to the fact that a large amount of biogas slurry is generated and cannot be treated. One of the raw materials adopted by the technology is biogas slurry, so that the biogas slurry can be treated, and the biogas slurry produced by the project can be completely recycled, so that the environment can not be polluted by storage, and the popularization difficulty is greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow chart of the straw wet anaerobic fermentation and aerobic fermentation combined treatment technology of the utility model.
FIG. 2 is a material balance diagram of the straw wet anaerobic fermentation and aerobic fermentation combined treatment technology of the utility model.
In the figure: 1 biogas slurry storage tank, 2 loading tools, 3 straw crushers, 4 hydrolysis tanks, 5I type solid-liquid separators, 6 pipeline pulping machines, 7 II type solid-liquid separators, 8 temporary storage tanks, 9 anaerobic fermentation tanks and 10 organic fertilizer production workshops.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
(1) Firstly, straws (a straw storage tank is arranged in a field) are sent into a straw crusher 3 through a straw loading tool 2 for kneading treatment and are sent into a hydrolysis tank 4 through a belt.
(2) The off-site biogas slurry is conveyed to enter a biogas slurry storage tank 1 and then enters a hydrolysis tank 4 for hydrolytic acidification treatment through pumping.
(3) The hydrolyzed and acidified materials are subjected to first solid-liquid separation by a type I solid-liquid separator 5.
(4) Then the pulp enters a pipeline pulping machine 6 to be prepared into pulp, the pulp after pulping enters a second solid-liquid separation, cellulose which is difficult to perform anaerobic fermentation is separated and sent to an organic fertilizer workshop, and the residual pulp (with the solid content of 12.5 percent) is pumped to a temporary storage tank and then is pumped into an anaerobic fermentation tank.
(5) The slurry is subjected to second solid-liquid separation by a type II solid-liquid separator 7, and the liquid part enters a temporary storage tank 8 and is pumped and distributed to an anaerobic fermentation tank.
(6) The slurry is fermented for 22 days in an anaerobic fermentation tank, the fermentation temperature is 35-38 ℃, and the solid content of the materials in the fermentation tank is 7.83 percent. The produced biogas is sent out for purification and decarbonization to produce biogas or is desulfurized, purified and generated. And the biogas slurry is totally refluxed to the hydrolysis tank 4 for reuse. The solid content of the straw fiber part after solid-liquid separation of the organic fertilizer is 30-35%, and the straw fiber part is directly used for aerobic composting.
(7) And (4) producing the bio-organic fertilizer by using the separated cellulose difficult to perform anaerobic fermentation after the second solid-liquid separation through aerobic composting.
Example 2
The material balance is introduced by using silage corn straws (TS 45%) and biogas slurry (TS 5%) as raw material projects.
(1) Raw materials: the treatment capacity of the silage corn straws (TS 45%) is 120 tons per day, the consumption amount of the biogas slurry (TS 5%) is 360 tons per day, and the total amount of the materials is 480 tons per day. The biogas slurry storage tank 1 is kept warm at about 20 ℃.
(2) The hydro-retention time of the hydrolysis tank is 24 hours, TS 15%.
(3) After the second solid-liquid separation of the hydrolyzed and acidified materials, the cellulose part used for composting is 177.91 tons (including the solid-liquid separation part after anaerobic fermentation) per day, TS 30%, and the part used for anaerobic fermentation is 360 tons, TS 10% per day.
(4) The anaerobic fermentation produces 10500 cubic meters of biogas per day, about 289.25 tons of biogas slurry per day (70.75 tons of biogas slurry per day is consumed), and TS 2%.
(5) 90.6 tons of organic fertilizer is produced every day.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a straw wet-type anaerobic fermentation + aerobic fermentation combined treatment device which characterized in that: the biogas slurry storage tank (1) is communicated and connected with the hydrolysis tank (4) through a water inlet pump and a water inlet valve, the loading tool (2) is used for loading straws to the straw crusher (3), and the straw crusher (3) is connected with the hydrolysis tank (4) through a belt for conveying straw powder; the hydrolysis tank (4) is connected with the I-type solid-liquid separator (5), the liquid outlet of the I-type solid-liquid separator (5) is connected with the hydrolysis tank (4), the solid outlet of the I-type solid-liquid separator (5) is connected with the pipeline pulping machine (6), the pipeline pulping machine (6) is connected with the II-type solid-liquid separator (7), the solid outlet of the II-type solid-liquid separator (7) is connected with an aerobic fermentation organic fertilizer production workshop (10), the liquid outlet of the II-type solid-liquid separator (7) is connected with the temporary storage tank (8), the temporary storage tank (8) is connected with the anaerobic fermentation tank (9) through a valve and a pump, and the bottom of the anaerobic fermentation tank (9) is connected with the hydrolysis tank (4) through a valve;
a stirring device is arranged in the hydrolysis tank (4), the upper part of the hydrolysis tank is connected with a pipeline for dripping the cellulose hemicellulose hydrolase, and the pipeline for dripping the cellulose hemicellulose hydrolase is provided with a pipeline pump and a flowmeter; the hydrolysis tank (4) is provided with a heating device, and the bottom of the hydrolysis tank (4) is provided with an aeration device.
2. The wet anaerobic fermentation and aerobic fermentation combined treatment device for straws as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the anaerobic fermentation tank (9) is provided with detection instruments such as a temperature transmitter, a pressure transmitter, a level meter, a material level meter and the like, the top of the tank is provided with a gas storage cabinet, and the top of the tank is provided with a positive and negative pressure protector.
3. The wet anaerobic fermentation and aerobic fermentation combined treatment device for straws as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the biogas slurry storage tank (1) is communicated with the temporary storage tank (8) through a valve and is used for adjusting the solid content in the temporary storage tank (8).
4. The wet anaerobic fermentation and aerobic fermentation combined treatment device for straws as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the valves and the pumps are connected with a controller, and the controller is used for controlling the opening and closing of the corresponding valves and the corresponding pumps.
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| CN202021521284.6U CN212504915U (en) | 2020-07-28 | 2020-07-28 | Straw wet anaerobic fermentation and aerobic fermentation combined treatment device |
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| CN202021521284.6U CN212504915U (en) | 2020-07-28 | 2020-07-28 | Straw wet anaerobic fermentation and aerobic fermentation combined treatment device |
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