CN216663104U - Organic matter methane fermentation circulation control integrated system - Google Patents
Organic matter methane fermentation circulation control integrated system Download PDFInfo
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- CN216663104U CN216663104U CN202220037984.0U CN202220037984U CN216663104U CN 216663104 U CN216663104 U CN 216663104U CN 202220037984 U CN202220037984 U CN 202220037984U CN 216663104 U CN216663104 U CN 216663104U
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Abstract
An organic matter methane fermentation cycle control integrated system, wherein an organic matter adjusting tank is connected below a crusher; the organic matter adjusting tank is connected with the water adding adjusting tank; the upper and lower paths of the water adding adjusting tank are connected with the biogas fermentation tank; two paths of the biogas fermentation tank are connected with the biogas liquid tank, and one path is connected with the desulfurization device; the desulfurization device is connected with the natural gas storage tank; the biogas liquid box is connected with the aerobic treatment tank; the aerobic treatment tank is connected with the sedimentation tank, and the sedimentation tank is connected with the liquid fertilizer tank; the settling tank is connected with an inlet of the biogas liquid tank; the water adding adjusting tank and the biogas fermentation tank are respectively connected with the heat adjusting and heat preserving device in two ways; two paths of the thermal regulation and insulation device are connected with a rainwater collecting pipe; the settling tank and the biogas liquid tank are provided with a return pipe, and the biogas liquid tank, the biogas fermentation tank and the water adding adjusting tank are provided with a return pipe therebetween. The device is suitable for all sizes (according to the requirement of organic waste treatment capacity) and all occasions (fixed or movable processors on land and all-cycle non-discharge organic waste treatment all-in-one machines used on various ships).
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of methane fermentation, and particularly relates to an organic matter methane fermentation circulation control integrated system.
Background
Methane fermentation treatment has been attracting attention and put into practical use for the treatment of industrial waste water such as food industrial waste water, organic waste such as organic sludge and kitchen waste. The methane fermentation treatment is more energy-saving than the activated sludge treatment, and can produce methane gas as biogas in the form of energy.
As examples of methane fermentation treatment, treatment by an anaerobic digestion method and a UASB (upflow anaerobic sludge blanket) method have been widely used. In the methane fermentation treatment by the UASB method, organic waste is decomposed in two stages to form methane gas, water, and carbon dioxide gas. That is, the organic waste is decomposed into lower fatty acids such as acetic acid in the acid fermentation process, and then into methane gas by the action of methane bacteria.
Wet methane fermentation (wet methane fermentation) processes, in which solid biomass mixed with water is anaerobically fermented, are widely used as a methane fermentation method of biomass under anaerobic conditions.
However, there is a disadvantage in such wet methane fermentation process that the equipment cost is high, because about 15 to 20 volumes of fermenters are necessary per volume of starting biomass material, thus increasing the capacity of the equipment.
This disadvantage is eliminated by the dry methane fermentation (dry methane fermentation) process, in which solid biomass material is subjected to methane fermentation with the aid of anaerobic bacteria. According to this method, the volume of the fermenter required for processing 1 volume of the starting material is about 1.5 times the volume, so that it is possible to minimize the facility to some extent. However, there are also disadvantages: it takes a long time to vent the air present in the starting solid biomass material to maintain the anaerobic conditions necessary for methane fermentation. If moisture-rich trash or food waste remains are present in the solid biomass material at the same time, the facultative anaerobic bacteria will self-multiply in a short time while consuming the oxygen in the air present in the solid material, thereby rapidly accelerating the decomposition with the help of the facultative anaerobic bacteria to produce large amounts of organic acids, shifting the pH to the acidic range. For these reasons, the proliferation of methanogens that grow in the alkaline range is inhibited or terminated, resulting in the formation of biogas that takes at least about one year.
With respect to dry methane fermentation processes, the prior art includes: a process for the efficient production of methane, wherein the apparatus is adapted to the composition of the biomass material and to the reaction conditions, said process comprising mixing solid secondary material with granular or slurry organic waste material during methane fermentation of the biomass starting material under anaerobic conditions to produce a waste mixture having gas permeability and fluidity, and thereafter subjecting the mixture to anaerobic fermentation; a process wherein the C/N ratio of organic waste material is adjusted to 20 to 250; a method wherein organic waste material is mixed with inorganic porous material and the mixture is introduced into a methane fermenter; and a method in which organic waste material is mixed with carbide (carbide), and the mixture is subjected to methane fermentation.
However, in all these processes and methods, the biomass starting material is mixed with the separate secondary material and then the fermentation conditions are adjusted, so that the costs are inevitably increased in order to obtain the secondary material and increase the costs of the mixing step. In addition, it is difficult to completely control the facultative anaerobic conditions or semi-aerobic conditions before the methane fermentation, and it is also difficult to control the absolute anaerobic conditions at the time of methane fermentation.
However, the above methane fermentation equipment is complex in equipment and large in system, and cannot be effectively used if applied to a mobile device.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide an organic matter methane fermentation circulation control integrated system which is suitable for various sizes (according to the requirement of organic waste treatment capacity) and various occasions (land fixed or movable processors, and full-circulation non-discharge organic waste treatment integrated machines used on various ships).
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that:
an organic matter methane fermentation circulation control integrated system comprises a crusher (1) and is characterized in that an organic matter adjusting tank (2) is connected below the crusher (1); the organic matter adjusting tank (2) is connected with the water adding adjusting tank (3); the upper and lower paths of the water adding adjusting tank (3) are connected with the biogas fermentation tank (4); two paths of the biogas fermentation tank (4) are connected with a biogas liquid tank (5), and one path is connected with a desulphurization device (6); the desulphurization device (6) is connected with a natural gas storage tank (7); the biogas liquid box (5) is connected with an aerobic treatment tank (8); the aerobic treatment tank (8) is connected with a sedimentation tank (10), and the sedimentation tank (10) is connected with a liquid fertilizer tank (9); the sedimentation tank (10) is connected with an inlet of the biogas liquid tank (5); the water adding adjusting tank (3) and the biogas fermentation tank (4) are respectively connected with a heat adjusting and heat preserving device (13) in two ways; the two paths of the thermal regulation and insulation device (13) are connected with a rainwater collecting pipe (14); a return pipe (15) is arranged between the settling tank (10) and the biogas slurry tank (5), and the return pipe (15) is arranged between the biogas slurry tank (5), the biogas fermentation tank (4) and the water adding adjusting tank (3);
a pipeline between the biogas fermentation tank (4) and the desulphurization device (6) is provided with a dehydration and drainage filtering process, and a dehydration device and a drainage filtering device are adopted;
a dehumidification process is arranged on a pipeline between the desulfurization device (6) and the natural gas storage tank (7), dehumidification equipment is adopted, and a flowmeter is also arranged on the pipeline;
the aerobic treatment tank (8) and the liquid fertilizer tank (9) are provided with micro-nano aeration devices (11), and an air inlet pipe of the micro-nano aeration device (11) of the liquid fertilizer tank (9) is connected with an ozone generator (12);
a stirring disc is arranged below the methane fermentation tank (4).
Pumps are arranged on the pipelines of the organic matter adjusting tank (2) and the water adding adjusting tank (3), the pipelines of the water adding adjusting tank (3) and the biogas fermentation tank (4), the pipelines of the sedimentation tank (10) and the biogas slurry tank (5) and the pipelines of the biogas fermentation tank (4) and the return pipe (15), and the pumps are controlled by electric control; valves are arranged on the machine adjusting tank (2), the water adding adjusting tank (3), the biogas fermentation tank (4), the biogas slurry tank (5), the desulphurization device (6), the natural gas storage tank (7) and the loop pipe (15), and the valves can be electric control valves; the return pipe (15) is provided with a tee joint, and the tee joint adopts a filtering tee joint.
And a flow meter or a weight meter is arranged at the inlet of the biogas fermentation tank (4) on one pipeline of the water adding adjusting tank (3) and the biogas fermentation tank (4).
Methane bacteria are added into the methane fermentation tank (4), and nitrobacteria are added into the aerobic treatment tank (8).
The stirring disc below the biogas fermentation tank (4) is connected with the blades through a rotating shaft, and the blades are plate-shaped blades and are of a four-blade type, a three-blade type or a two-blade type.
The device is characterized in that sensors are arranged in the machine adjusting tank (2), the water adding adjusting tank (3), the biogas fermentation tank (4) and the biogas liquid tank (5), and the sensors adopt a gas sensor, a temperature sensor, a PH value sensor, a vfa volatile fatty acid sensor on-line monitor and an ORP oxidation-reduction potential sensor.
The heat adjusting and insulating device (13) adopts photovoltaic, wind power, biogas fermentation waste heat or biogas purification to generate electricity to supply power.
The top of the biogas fermentation tank (4) is provided with two access holes, the middle of the biogas fermentation tank is provided with an emergency discharge biogas port, a biogas slurry outlet is arranged at a position slightly higher than the anaerobic sludge, and biogas slurry is periodically discharged and enters a biogas slurry tank.
The sensor, the electric control valve and the pump are controlled by a controller or a computer.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
the system is used for all sizes (according to the requirement of organic waste treatment capacity) and all occasions (fixed or movable processors on land and all-cycle non-discharge organic waste treatment all-in-one machines used on various ships).
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The utility model is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, an organic matter methane fermentation circulation control integrated system comprises a crusher (1), and is characterized in that an organic matter adjusting tank (2) is connected below the crusher (1); the organic matter adjusting tank (2) is connected with the water adding adjusting tank (3); the upper and lower paths of the water adding adjusting tank (3) are connected with the biogas fermentation tank (4); two paths of the biogas fermentation tank (4) are connected with a biogas liquid tank (5), and one path is connected with a desulphurization device (6); the desulphurization device (6) is connected with a natural gas storage tank (7); the biogas liquid box (5) is connected with an aerobic treatment tank (8); the aerobic treatment tank (8) is connected with a sedimentation tank (10), and the sedimentation tank (10) is connected with a liquid fertilizer tank (9); the sedimentation tank (10) is connected with an inlet of the biogas liquid tank (5); the water adding adjusting tank (3) and the biogas fermentation tank (4) are respectively connected with a heat adjusting and heat preserving device (13) in two ways; the thermal regulation and heat preservation device (13) is connected with the rainwater collecting pipe (14) in two ways; a return pipe (15) is arranged between the settling tank (10) and the biogas slurry tank (5), and the return pipe (15) is arranged between the biogas slurry tank (5), the biogas fermentation tank (4) and the water adding adjusting tank (3);
a pipeline between the biogas fermentation tank (4) and the desulphurization device (6) is provided with a dehydration and drainage filtering process, and a dehydration device and a drainage filtering device are adopted;
a dehumidification process is arranged on a pipeline between the desulfurization device (6) and the natural gas storage tank (7), dehumidification equipment is adopted, and a flowmeter is also arranged on the pipeline;
the aerobic treatment tank (8) and the liquid fertilizer tank (9) are provided with micro-nano aeration devices (11), and an air inlet pipe of the micro-nano aeration device (11) of the liquid fertilizer tank (9) is connected with an ozone generator (12);
a stirring disc is arranged below the methane fermentation tank (4).
Pumps are arranged on the pipelines of the organic matter adjusting tank (2) and the water adding adjusting tank (3), the pipelines of the water adding adjusting tank (3) and the biogas fermentation tank (4), the pipelines of the settling tank (10) and the biogas slurry tank (5) and the pipelines of the biogas fermentation tank (4) and the return pipe (15), and the pumps are controlled by electric control; valves are arranged on the machine adjusting tank (2), the water adding adjusting tank (3), the biogas fermentation tank (4), the biogas slurry tank (5), the desulphurization device (6), the natural gas storage tank (7) and the loop pipe (15), and the valves can be electric control valves; the return pipe (15) is provided with a tee joint, and the tee joint adopts a filtering tee joint.
And a flow meter or a weight meter is arranged at the inlet of the biogas fermentation tank (4) on one pipeline of the water adding adjusting tank (3) and the biogas fermentation tank (4).
Methane bacteria are added into the methane fermentation tank (4), and nitrobacteria are added into the aerobic treatment tank (8).
The stirring disc below the biogas fermentation tank (4) is connected with the blades through a rotating shaft, and the blades are plate-shaped blades and are of a four-blade type, a three-blade type or a two-blade type.
The device is characterized in that sensors are arranged in the machine adjusting tank (2), the water adding adjusting tank (3), the biogas fermentation tank (4) and the biogas liquid tank (5), and the sensors adopt a gas sensor, a temperature sensor, a PH value sensor, a vfa volatile fatty acid sensor on-line monitor and an ORP oxidation-reduction potential sensor.
The heat adjusting and insulating device (13) adopts photovoltaic, wind power, biogas fermentation waste heat or biogas purification to generate electricity to supply power.
The top of the biogas fermentation tank (4) is provided with two access holes, the middle of the biogas fermentation tank is provided with an emergency discharge biogas port, a biogas slurry outlet is arranged at a position slightly higher than the anaerobic sludge, and biogas slurry is periodically discharged and enters a biogas slurry tank.
The sensor, the electric control valve and the pump are controlled by a controller or a computer.
As shown in fig. 2, a fermentation method for methane fermentation circulation control of organic matters is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) collecting organic waste (kitchen waste, vinasse, brewing wastewater, human and animal excreta, fruit and vegetable residues, straws and other food processing residues and the like can be treated independently or in a mixing way) and quantitatively putting the organic waste into a two-stage crusher;
2) crushing the residue to be less than 2 mm, and then dropping the residue into an adjusting tank by gravity for homogenization;
3) because the general moisture content of organic waste is higher, flow into and add water adjusting tank after, according to nutrient composition (carbon nitrogen phosphorus sulphur) and moisture content calculation, introduce the heated reserve rainwater, after mixing according to appropriate proportion, organic waste residue: adding a proper amount of compound nutrient salt within the range of heating rainwater =1: 1-1: 10, controlling the salinity within the range of 0.1 ppm-100 ppm, carrying out hydrolytic acidification pretreatment in a water-adding adjusting tank, monitoring the temperature, the pH value and volatile fatty acid (lower fatty acid) data through three sensors of temperature, pH and VFA volatile fatty acid, and adjusting and controlling the temperature, the pH value and the volatile fatty acid (lower fatty acid) data as far as possible after pretreatment: t35-38 degrees; the pH value is 5.5-7.5; more than 1000ppm of VFA; and quantitatively pumping the biogas into a biogas fermentation tank by using a lifting pump;
4) before entering the inlet of the biogas fermentation tank, controlling the load entering the biogas fermentation tank through a flowmeter (or a weight meter);
5) a stirring disc is arranged right below an inlet of the biogas fermentation tank, so that a vertically falling pretreated solid-liquid mixture impacts blades to rotate the blades, and a fermented product is stirred, methane bacteria and temperature can be uniformly distributed in the biogas tank, the anaerobic treatment efficiency is improved, a temperature, pH, VFA and ORP oxidation-reduction potential sensor is arranged, and the environmental condition in the biogas fermentation tank is regulated and controlled to be 38-42 ℃ within a range suitable for generating methane; the pH value is 6.5-8.0; VFA 300ppm or less; ORP is below-200 mV;
6) more solid matters are precipitated below the inlet of the biogas fermentation tank, and the bottom of the part, namely the lower left corner of the biogas fermentation tank, can be provided with a return pipe (or a sludge return pump) to return sludge with more solid matters to a water adding adjusting tank;
7) the generated biogas enters a biogas purification line at the upper right corner, is subjected to dehydration and desulfurization (impurities such as hydrogen sulfide) procedures, is metered by a gas flowmeter and then enters a high-purity biogas (natural gas) storage tank, and can be used for recycling biomass energy sources such as domestic gas, power generation, steam production and the like;
8) the biogas slurry in the biogas slurry tank is periodically discharged into an aerobic treatment tank, a high-efficiency micro-nano aeration device is arranged in the aerobic tank, and high-efficiency nitrobacteria are used for efficiently and quickly converting the residual ammonia nitrogen in the biogas slurry into nitrate nitrogen, and the nitrate nitrogen is prepared into an organic liquid fertilizer after solid-liquid separation in a sedimentation tank and is reused for vegetable greenhouses on ships or agricultural facilities around the land; meanwhile, the gas emission of isothermal chambers such as methane and nitrous oxide is obviously reduced;
9) for redundant liquid fertilizer, a super oxidation tank can be arranged behind the aerobic tank and the sedimentation tank, a micro-nano aeration device and an ozone generator are used for generating a large amount of residual organic matters and nutrient substances in the hydroxyl radical oxidation liquid fertilizer, and the residual organic matters and the nutrient substances are decolorized, deodorized and sterilized at the same time, so that the residual organic matters and the nutrient substances can be discharged into the sea after reaching the first-level discharge standard;
10) the precipitated sludge in the sedimentation tank and the biogas slurry tank can be periodically pumped and refluxed to a water adding adjusting tank or a biogas fermentation tank for circular treatment so as to ensure that the organic solid slag of the treatment system is basically digested; if a small amount of residual biogas residues exist, the biogas residues can be used as matrix soil for a vegetable greenhouse after dehydration;
11) an outlet for undigested matters (biogas residues) such as scum is arranged at a position slightly lower than the liquid level of the biogas slurry, and the undigested matters are periodically discharged into a backflow pipeline and flow back into a crushing and regulating tank for circular treatment.
Examples
An absolute anaerobic environment; ORP is less than-200 mV, preferably less than-350 mV;
PH in the methane tank: 6.5-8.5 alkalescence; if the PH value is higher, the generation amount of H2S is less, and the quality of the biogas is high;
ammonia nitrogen: 3000-5000ppm or less, but the higher the ammonia nitrogen is, the activity of the methane bacteria is reduced; the activity of methane bacteria is highest when 200-400ppm is adopted; the higher the PH and the temperature are, the higher the ammonia nitrogen concentration is, and the PH value can be adjusted to be neutral;
fermentation load (monitoring VFA volatile fatty acid or lower fatty acid), wherein VFA is an intermediate product of low molecular weight organic matter, acid fermentation and methane gas formation, and the lower the VFA, the higher the anaerobic fermentation progress efficiency is; the higher the methane formation is hindered; the measurement was performed once a day. Good condition methane fermentor VFA =300PPM or less, taking care to adjust quickly especially when more propionic acid than acetic acid is present in the VFA. The VFA exceeding 1000PPM in the treatment of the excrement and the urine can be also stably treated (high ammonia nitrogen and high pH 8.5). If the methane fermentation exceeds the normal state, methane bacteria or a system needs to be added or replaced immediately.
Nutrient salt: the inorganic salt (metal) above 0.1 mg/l comprises calcium, magnesium, ferrum, nickel, cobalt, potassium, sodium, zinc, selenium, tungsten, molybdenum, copper, manganese, aluminum, etc.;
it is preferable to add a trace amount of inorganic salts to the front stage of the methane fermentation tank or the hydrolysis acidification tank. Or put into a regulating tank or an acid fermentation tank.
Adjusting the balance of nutrients in the adjusting tank: the reference ranges are: carbon (COD) 200-.
Claims (9)
1. An organic matter methane fermentation circulation control integrated system comprises a crusher (1) and is characterized in that an organic matter adjusting tank (2) is connected below the crusher (1); the organic matter adjusting tank (2) is connected with the water adding adjusting tank (3); the upper and lower paths of the water adding adjusting tank (3) are connected with the biogas fermentation tank (4); two paths of the biogas fermentation tank (4) are connected with a biogas liquid tank (5), and one path is connected with a desulphurization device (6); the desulphurization device (6) is connected with a natural gas storage tank (7); the biogas liquid box (5) is connected with an aerobic treatment tank (8); the aerobic treatment tank (8) is connected with a sedimentation tank (10), and the sedimentation tank (10) is connected with a liquid fertilizer tank (9); the sedimentation tank (10) is connected with an inlet of the biogas liquid tank (5); the water adding adjusting tank (3) and the biogas fermentation tank (4) are respectively connected with a heat adjusting and insulating device (13) in two ways; the thermal regulation and heat preservation device (13) is connected with the rainwater collecting pipe (14) in two ways; a return pipe (15) is arranged between the settling tank (10) and the biogas slurry tank (5), and the return pipe (15) is arranged between the biogas slurry tank (5), the biogas fermentation tank (4) and the water adding adjusting tank (3);
a pipeline between the biogas fermentation tank (4) and the desulphurization device (6) is provided with a dehydration and drainage filtering process, and a dehydration device and a drainage filtering device are adopted;
a dehumidification process is arranged on a pipeline between the desulfurization device (6) and the natural gas storage tank (7), dehumidification equipment is adopted, and a flowmeter is also arranged on the pipeline;
the aerobic treatment tank (8) and the liquid fertilizer tank (9) are provided with micro-nano aeration devices (11), and an air inlet pipe of the micro-nano aeration device (11) of the liquid fertilizer tank (9) is connected with an ozone generator (12);
a stirring disc is arranged below the methane fermentation tank (4).
2. The organic matter methane fermentation circulation control integrated system according to claim 1, wherein pumps are arranged on the pipelines of the organic matter adjusting tank (2) and the water adding adjusting tank (3), the pipelines of the water adding adjusting tank (3) and the biogas fermentation tank (4), the pipelines of the settling tank (10) and the biogas slurry tank (5), and the pipelines of the biogas fermentation tank (4) and the return pipe (15), and the pumps are controlled by electric control; valves are arranged on the organic matter adjusting tank (2), the water adding adjusting tank (3), the biogas fermentation tank (4), the biogas slurry tank (5), the desulphurization device (6), the natural gas storage tank (7) and the return pipe (15), and the valves can be electric control valves; the return pipe (15) is provided with a tee joint, and the tee joint adopts a filtering tee joint.
3. The organic matter methane fermentation circulation control integrated system according to claim 1, wherein a flow meter or a weight meter is arranged at an inlet of the biogas fermentation tank (4) on one pipeline of the water adding adjusting tank (3) and the biogas fermentation tank (4).
4. The organic matter methane fermentation circulation control integrated system as claimed in claim 1, wherein methane bacteria are added into the methane fermentation tank (4), and nitrifying bacteria are added into the aerobic treatment tank (8).
5. The organic matter methane fermentation circulation control integrated system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stirring plate below the methane fermentation tank (4) is connected with the blades through a rotating shaft, the blades are plate-shaped blades, and the four-blade type, three-blade type or two-blade type is adopted.
6. The organic matter methane fermentation circulation control integrated system according to claim 1, wherein sensors are arranged in the organic matter adjusting tank (2), the water adding adjusting tank (3), the methane fermentation tank (4) and the methane tank (5), and the sensors adopt a gas sensor, a temperature sensor, a pH value sensor, a vfa volatile fatty acid sensor on-line monitor and an ORP oxidation-reduction potential sensor.
7. The organic matter methane fermentation circulation control integrated system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thermal regulation and insulation device (13) adopts photovoltaic, wind power, methane fermentation waste heat or methane purification to generate electricity to supply power.
8. The organic matter methane fermentation circulation control integrated system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top of the methane fermentation tank (4) is provided with two access ports, the middle is provided with an emergency discharge methane port, a methane liquid outlet is arranged at a position slightly higher than the anaerobic sludge, and methane liquid is periodically discharged into a methane liquid tank.
9. The organic matter methane fermentation circulation control integrated system according to claim 6, wherein the sensor, the electric control valve and the pump are controlled by a controller or a computer.
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