CN212500312U - Braking equipment and braking system for vehicle and vehicle - Google Patents
Braking equipment and braking system for vehicle and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN212500312U CN212500312U CN202021214731.3U CN202021214731U CN212500312U CN 212500312 U CN212500312 U CN 212500312U CN 202021214731 U CN202021214731 U CN 202021214731U CN 212500312 U CN212500312 U CN 212500312U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a braking equipment, braking system and vehicle for vehicle, including motor, elastomeric element, drive mechanism, piston push rod, drive mechanism includes the swing part, and the swing part is installed in the frame, is used for driving the piston push rod to remove, and the elastic potential energy that motor and/or elastomeric element released is used for driving the swing part to swing from position one to position two; the motor is used for driving the swinging component to swing or rotate from the second position to the first position so as to release braking; the elastic component is used for storing elastic potential energy in the process that the swinging component swings or rotates from the second position to the first position, automatically releasing the stored elastic potential energy when the motor is powered off, and driving the swinging component to swing from the first position to the second position through the elastic potential energy so as to realize power-off braking; the braking equipment has a simple structure, can realize the power-off automatic braking function, can effectively improve the safety of vehicles, and is particularly favorable for realizing the automatic control and unmanned functions of rail vehicles, electric vehicles and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a vehicle technical field, concretely relates to braking equipment, braking system and vehicle for vehicle.
Background
As an important part of the vehicle, it is obvious to the importance of vehicle safety that the brake system is mainly used for providing deceleration and braking for the vehicle, and the brake system commonly used in the prior art generally comprises a brake device (or called brake device and energy supply device), a control device, a transmission device and a brake, wherein the brake device comprises various components for supplying, adjusting the energy required for braking and improving the state of the energy transfer medium, and the control device comprises various components for generating braking action and controlling the braking effect, such as a vacuum booster pump commonly used in the prior art; the transmission comprises various components that transmit braking energy to the brake, such as a master cylinder commonly used in the art; the brake comprises components which generate a force (braking force) which counteracts the movement or tendency of movement of the vehicle, such as brake drums, disc brakes, fixed-caliper disc brakes, floating-caliper disc brakes and the like, which are customary in the art.
For example, the conventional brake system usually needs power supply to work normally, and cannot realize an automatic brake function under the condition of power failure, so that great potential safety hazards exist for trains and motor cars running by electric power, vehicles used in personal rapid transportation systems, electric vehicles developing rapidly in recent years and the like, especially for unmanned vehicles and vehicles running under automatic control, and urgent solutions are needed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to improve the not enough that exists among the prior art, provide a simple structure compactness, be convenient for integrated and the braking equipment of installation, not only with low costs, can realize outage automatic braking function moreover, can effectively improve the security of vehicle, be particularly useful for realizing automatic control and unmanned driving function such as rail vehicle, electric vehicle.
The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is:
the first aspect of the utility model is to solve the problem that the prior brake equipment can not realize the automatic brake function under the condition of power failure, and provides the brake equipment for the vehicle, which comprises a motor, an elastic component, a transmission mechanism and a piston push rod matched with a piston sleeve in a brake master cylinder,
the transmission mechanism comprises a swinging component which is movably arranged on the frame through a shaft and is used for driving the piston push rod to move,
the elastic potential energy released by the motor and/or the elastic component is used for driving the swinging component to swing or rotate from the first position to the second position so as to realize braking;
the motor is used for driving the swinging component to swing or rotate from the second position to the first position so as to release braking;
the elastic component is used for storing elastic potential energy in the process that the swinging component swings or rotates from the second position to the first position, automatically releasing the stored elastic potential energy when the motor is powered off, and driving the swinging component to swing or rotate from the first position to the second position through the elastic potential energy so as to realize power-off braking. In the scheme, the first position is the position of the swinging component when the brake is not applied, and the second position is the position of the swinging component when the brake is applied; initially, one end of the piston push rod is arranged in the corresponding piston sleeve, the swinging component is located at the first position, and at the moment, the set elastic potential energy is stored in the elastic component and can be locked by using a motor, so that the automatic release of the elastic potential energy is avoided; when braking is needed, the motor is started and controls the swinging component to swing or rotate from the position to the direction of the second position, in the process, the elastic potential energy stored by the elastic component is automatically released, the elastic potential energy and/or the power of the motor can provide power for the swinging or rotating of the swinging component, and the swinging component drives the piston push rod to move, so that the piston push rod is driven to extrude and drive a piston sleeve in the master cylinder to move, the oil pressure in the master cylinder is increased, and the purpose of braking (braking) is achieved; in the process of releasing the brake, the motor drives the swinging component to swing or rotate in the reverse direction and overcomes the elastic potential energy of the elastic component, so that the elastic potential energy of the elastic component is gradually increased, and when the swinging component is restored to the first position, the elastic potential energy stored in the elastic component reaches the initial value; when the motor is powered off, the constraint of the motor on the elastic component is automatically released, the elastic potential energy stored in the elastic component is automatically released, and the released elastic potential energy drives the swinging component to swing or rotate from the first position to the second position, so that the purpose of automatic braking (braking) in power-off is achieved; compared with the existing braking equipment, the braking equipment adopts the elastic potential energy prestored in the elastic component to drive the piston push rod to move, and can realize the power-off automatic braking function, so that the safety of the vehicle can be effectively improved, the braking equipment can be widely applied to rail vehicles and electric vehicles, and is particularly suitable for rail vehicles or electric vehicles which can realize the functions of automatic control, unmanned driving and the like.
Preferably, the elastic component is a tension spring, one end of the tension spring is connected with the rack, the other end of the tension spring is connected with the swinging component, and two ends of the tension spring and the swinging center of the swinging component form a triangular relation;
or the elastic component is a torsion spring or a clockwork spring and is sleeved on the shaft, one end of the elastic component is connected with the rack, and the other end of the elastic component is connected with the swinging component. When the two ends of the tension spring and the swing center of the swing component form a triangular relation, the elastic component can synchronously extend/contract in the swing process of the swing component, so that the elastic component can synchronously store or release elastic potential energy conveniently; similarly, when the torsion spring or the clockwork spring is arranged, the torsion spring and the clockwork spring can be synchronously twisted in the swinging process of the swinging component, so that the aim of synchronously storing or releasing elastic potential energy is fulfilled.
The second aspect of the utility model is to solve the problem of keeping the state of the existing elastic component, and in one scheme, the utility model also comprises a locking mechanism, wherein the locking mechanism comprises an electromagnet and an adsorption component matched with the electromagnet, one of the electromagnet and the adsorption component is fixed on the frame, and the other is fixed on the swinging component and is used for swinging along with the swinging component when the electromagnet is powered off,
when the electromagnet is electrified, the electromagnet and the adsorption part are adsorbed together, and the swinging part is locked at the first position. In the scheme, by arranging the locking mechanism and controlling the power-on/power-off state of the electromagnet, the connection and the separation of the electromagnet and the adsorption component can be conveniently controlled, when the swinging component is positioned at the first position, if the electromagnet is electrified, the electromagnet and the adsorption component can be adsorbed together under the action of magnetic force, thereby locking the swinging component and the elastic component, so that the elastic potential energy stored in the elastic component can be always kept, that is, the adsorption force between the electromagnet and the adsorption part can counteract the elastic potential energy in the elastic part, so that the elastic potential energy can not be automatically released, and the elastic potential energy of the elastic component is locked without additionally utilizing a motor, thereby being more convenient and energy-saving, when braking is needed, the electromagnet is powered off to complete unlocking, and at the moment, the swinging component can swing under the action of the motor and the elastic component to brake; when the motor and the electromagnet are powered off, the unlocking can be automatically completed, the elastic potential energy stored in the elastic component can be automatically released, and the swinging component is driven to swing, so that the purpose of automatic braking (braking) in power-off is achieved.
In order to facilitate the interaction with the electromagnet, preferably, the adsorption part is preferably made of a ferrous material. So that under the electrified state of the electromagnet, the electromagnet is firmly adsorbed on the adsorption part by utilizing the magnetic force, thereby realizing the locking of the electromagnet and further achieving the aim of locking the motor.
For mounting purposes, the frame is further configured with a connection for detachable connection of the brake master cylinder. And through setting up connecting portion, realization that can be convenient and brake master cylinder's connection to convenient completion installation work.
Preferably, the connecting parts are a plurality of through holes arranged on the frame. The through hole is adaptive to the through hole in the brake master cylinder, so that the detachable connection is realized by using a bolt, and the brake equipment is conveniently and efficiently connected with the brake master cylinder.
In order to solve the installation problem of the electromagnet, the electromagnet or the adsorption component is fixed on the rigid connecting piece, the rigid connecting piece is fixed on the swinging component, the swinging component is used for driving the rigid connecting piece to swing or rotate synchronously, and one end of the elastic component is connected with the rigid connecting piece, the electromagnet fixed on the rigid connecting piece or the adsorption component fixed on the rigid connecting piece. Through setting up the rigid connection spare, both can make electro-magnet or adsorption element and swing part be connected as an organic wholely, can effectively increase the distance between electro-magnet or adsorption element and the swing center again to more be favorable to electro-magnet or adsorption element to follow the swing part swing, and more be favorable to setting up elastomeric element.
In order to enable the swinging component to drive the piston push rod to press the piston sleeve in the master cylinder, preferably, one end of the piston push rod is hinged on the swinging component at a position deviating from the swinging center of the swinging component, and the other end of the piston push rod is used for being inserted into the piston sleeve in the master cylinder. When the swinging component swings or rotates under the driving of the motor, the piston push rod can be synchronously driven to extend/retract relative to the brake master cylinder, so that the aim of extruding/loosening the piston sleeve is fulfilled.
In order to solve the problem of state retention of the elastic component, in another scheme, the device further comprises a locking mechanism, wherein the locking mechanism is an electromagnetic band-type brake or an electromagnetic brake and is used for locking the motor, the shaft, the transmission mechanism and/or the piston push rod when the device is powered on so as to enable the swinging component to be locked at the first position and unlocked when the device is powered off;
or the motor has a self-locking function, so that the swinging component is locked at the first position. That is, when the swing member is locked at the first position, the locking mechanism is used to lock at least one of the motor, the shaft, the transmission mechanism and the piston push rod, so as to lock the swing member, thereby ensuring the state of the elastic member to be unchanged.
The utility model discloses the third aspect will be solved current piston push rod and is linear motion's problem under the drive of swing part, and is further, drive mechanism still includes connecting rod and restraint portion, the one end of connecting rod articulate in piston push rod, the other end articulate in the position department of skew swing part swing center on the swing part, restraint portion construct in the frame, and piston push rod and restraint portion constitute the sliding pair, and restraint portion is used for retraining piston push rod and leads for piston push rod. In the scheme, the swinging component, the connecting rod and the piston push rod can form a crank-slider mechanism, and when the swinging component swings or rotates under the driving of the motor, the piston push rod can strictly do linear motion under the constraint of the constraint part so as to stably realize the braking function.
Preferably, the restriction portion is a guide hole or a guide cylinder formed in the frame.
A braking system comprises a controller and braking equipment, wherein a switch is arranged on a power supply line of an electromagnet, an electromagnetic band-type brake or an electromagnetic brake, the controller is respectively connected with the switch and a motor so as to respectively control the switch to be connected/disconnected and control the motor to start/stop, rotate/reverse. The brake process can be accurately controlled through the controller, the power-off automatic brake function can be realized, the safety of the vehicle can be effectively improved, and the automatic brake device is particularly beneficial to rail vehicles, electric vehicles and the like.
A vehicle comprises a master cylinder, a brake device or a brake system, wherein a piston sleeve is arranged at one end of the master cylinder, a rack is connected with the master cylinder, and one end of a piston push rod is arranged in the piston sleeve.
Compared with the prior art, use the utility model provides a pair of a braking equipment, braking system and vehicle for vehicle, simple structure is compact, be convenient for integrated and the installation, and not only with low costs can realize outage automatic braking function moreover, can effectively improve the security of vehicle, is particularly useful for realizing automatic control and unmanned driving function such as rail vehicle, electric vehicle.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a brake master pump in a conventional brake system.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a braking device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a braking system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a front view of a brake apparatus provided in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Description of the drawings
A master cylinder 100, a piston sleeve 101, an oil pot 102,
An electromagnet 301, an attracting member 302,
A frame 400, a through hole 401,
An elastic member 501.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by the person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The structure of a master cylinder 100 in an existing braking system is shown in fig. 1, an oil can 102 is arranged at the upper part of the master cylinder 100, the master cylinder 100 is provided with a plurality of interfaces for connecting a brake, one end of the master cylinder 100 is provided with a piston sleeve 101, the piston sleeve 101 is movably arranged on the master cylinder 100 and can move linearly under the action of external force and extrude oil in the master cylinder 100, so that the purposes of improving oil pressure and braking are achieved; according to the conventional master cylinder 100, the present embodiment provides a brake apparatus 200 for a vehicle, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, including a motor 201, an elastic member 501, a transmission mechanism, and a piston rod 204 adapted to a piston sleeve 101 of the master cylinder 100,
the transmission mechanism comprises a swinging component 202, the swinging component 202 is movably mounted on the frame 400 through a shaft, and the swinging component 202 is used for driving the piston push rod 204 to move, namely the swinging component 202 drives the piston push rod 204 to synchronously move;
the elastic potential energy released by the motor 201 and/or the elastic component 501 is used for driving the swinging component 202 to swing or rotate from the first position to the second position, so as to realize braking, that is, the elastic component 501 can play a role in assisting in braking, while the motor 201 is mainly used for controlling the swinging angle of the swinging component 202, and the braking force can be provided by the elastic component 501, also can be provided by the motor 201, or can be provided by both the elastic component 501 and the motor 201;
the motor 201 is used for driving the swinging component 202 to swing or rotate from the second position to the first position so as to release the brake and enable the swinging component 202 to return to the original position;
the elastic component 501 is used for storing elastic potential energy in the process that the swing component 202 swings or rotates from the second position to the first position, automatically releasing the stored elastic potential energy when the motor 201 is powered off, and driving the swing component 202 to swing or rotate from the first position to the second position through the elastic potential energy so as to realize braking.
In this embodiment, the first position is the position of the swing member 202 when the brake is not applied, and the second position is the position of the swing member 202 when the brake is applied; initially, one end of the piston push rod 204 is disposed in the corresponding piston sleeve 101, and the swinging component 202 is located at a first position, at this time, the elastic component 501 stores the set elastic potential energy, and can be locked by using the motor 201 (for example, the motor 201 is locked by a locking device provided by the motor 201, and the purpose of locking the swinging component 202 is achieved by a slave), so as to avoid automatic release of the elastic potential energy;
when braking is needed, the motor 201 starts and controls the swinging component 202 to swing or rotate from the position to the direction of the position two, in the process, the elastic potential energy stored in the elastic component 501 is automatically released, the elastic potential energy and/or the power of the motor 201 can provide power for the swinging or rotating of the swinging component 202, and the swinging component 202 drives the piston push rod 204 to move, so that the piston push rod 204 is driven to extrude and drive the piston sleeve 101 in the master cylinder 100 to move, so as to increase the oil pressure in the master cylinder 100, and thus the purpose of braking (braking) is achieved;
in the process of releasing the brake, the motor 201 drives the swinging component 202 to swing or rotate in the reverse direction, and overcomes the elastic potential energy of the elastic component 501, so that the elastic potential energy of the elastic component 501 gradually increases, and when the swinging component 202 returns to the first position, the elastic potential energy stored in the elastic component 501 reaches the initial value;
when the motor 201 is powered off, the restriction of the motor 201 on the elastic component 501 is automatically released, the elastic potential energy stored in the elastic component 501 is automatically released, and the released elastic potential energy drives the swinging component 202 to swing or rotate from the first position to the second position, so that the purpose of automatic braking (braking) in power-off is achieved.
In this embodiment, the first position is a position where the swing component 202 is located when the brake is not performed, and the second position is a position where the swing component 202 is located after the brake is performed.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, when the elastic component 501 is a tension spring, one end of the tension spring may be movably connected to the frame 400, the other end of the tension spring may be connected to the swinging component 202, and a triangular relationship is formed between two ends of the tension spring and a rotation center of the swinging component, so as to store a large elastic potential energy in the tension spring, when the electromagnet 301 is powered off and the motor 201 is powered off accidentally, the tension in the tension spring is released and drives the swinging component 202 to swing or rotate, so as to drive the piston push rod 204 to extrude the piston sleeve 101, thereby implementing the power-off automatic braking function; when the motor 201 is powered on, the swinging component 202 can be driven to move reversely, so that the brake is released, and the tension spring is synchronously stretched, so that the tension spring generates elastic potential energy, and the elastic potential energy is automatically released when the power is cut off next time, and an automatic brake function is realized.
As another embodiment, the elastic member 501 may also be a torsion spring or a spiral spring, and preferably, the torsion spring or the spiral spring may be sleeved on the shaft, and one end of the torsion spring or the spiral spring is fixed to the swinging member 202, and the other end of the torsion spring or the spiral spring may be fixed to the frame 400, when the electromagnet 301 and the adsorbing member 302 are in an attraction state, the torsion spring or the spiral spring has a larger elastic potential energy (the elastic potential energy is greater than or equal to a required braking force), and when the electromagnet 301 is powered off and the motor 201 is unexpectedly powered off, the elastic potential energy in the torsion spring or the spiral spring is released and drives the swinging member 202 to swing or rotate, so as to drive the piston push rod 204 to extrude the piston sleeve 101, thereby implementing the power; when the motor 201 is powered, the swinging component 202 can be driven to move reversely, so as to release braking, and the torsion spring or the spiral spring is synchronously twisted, so that elastic potential energy is generated in the torsion spring or the spiral spring, so that the elastic potential energy is automatically released when the power is cut off next time, and the automatic braking function is realized.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the motor 201 may be a stepping motor 201 or a servo motor 201, which is beneficial to accurately control the braking amount.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, in order to facilitate the integration and installation of the brake apparatus 200, the frame 400 is further configured with a connection portion for detachably connecting the master cylinder 100; as shown in fig. 2 and 3, in one embodiment, the suction member 302 is fixed to the frame 400, the electromagnet 301 is rigidly connected to the swinging member 202, and the motor 201 and the suction member 302 are integrated into the frame 400, which is beneficial to the overall braking device 200 to have a smaller volume and a more compact structure, and the connection with the master cylinder 100 can be conveniently realized by providing a connection portion, so that the installation work can be conveniently completed.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in an embodiment, the connection portion may be a plurality of through holes 401 disposed in the master cylinder 100, and as shown in fig. 2 and 3, each through hole 401 is respectively matched with the through holes 401 on the master cylinder 100 and corresponds to each other one by one, so that the detachable connection is realized by using bolts, and the efficient connection between the brake apparatus 200 and the master cylinder 100 is facilitated.
Since the swing member 202 can swing or rotate under the driving of the motor 201, the swing member 202 has various embodiments, as an example, the swing member 202 may have a rod-shaped structure, one end of the swing member 202 is mounted on the output shaft of the motor 201, and the other end extends outward along the radial direction of the output shaft, and one end of the piston push rod 204 may be hinged on the swing member 202 at a position deviating from the swing center of the swing member 202, and the other end is used for being inserted into the piston sleeve 101 in the master cylinder 100, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, when the swing member 202 swings or rotates under the driving of the motor 201, the piston push rod 204 may be synchronously driven to extend/retract relative to the master cylinder 100, so as to achieve the purpose of squeezing/releasing the piston sleeve 101.
As another example, the swing component 202 may also be a cam structure, one end of the piston push rod 204 may be hinged to the swing component 202 at a position offset from the swing center of the swing component 202, and the other end of the piston push rod 204 is used for being inserted into the piston sleeve 101 in the master cylinder 100, and the piston push rod 204 can also be driven to move relative to the master cylinder 100 through the swing or rotation of the swing component 202, so as to achieve the purpose of braking.
As another example, the swing member 202 may be a circular plate structure, and the swing member 202 is eccentrically mounted on the output shaft of the motor 201, and one end of the piston rod 204 may be hinged to the swing member 202 at a position offset from the swing center of the swing member 202, and the other end is used for being inserted into the piston sleeve 101 in the master cylinder 100, and the piston rod 204 may also be driven to move relative to the master cylinder 100 by the swing or rotation of the swing member 202, so as to achieve the purpose of braking.
It is understood that the oscillating member 202 can have a variety of configurations, and the present embodiment does not limit the specific configuration of the oscillating member 202.
In a more complete scheme, a speed reducer 206, such as a gear speed reducer 206, is further disposed between the motor 201 and the swinging component 202, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the rotational power output by the motor 201 is transmitted to the swinging component 202 through the speed reducer 206, which not only can effectively reduce the rotation speed and achieve the purpose of accurately controlling the swinging amount of the swinging component 202, and further achieve the purpose of accurately controlling the magnitude of the braking force, but also can effectively increase the transmission torque and effectively increase the braking force, so as to meet the requirements of different braking force occasions.
In this embodiment, the articulation may be implemented by using an existing articulation means, and an output shaft of the motor 201 may be directly connected to the swing member 202, or may be connected to the swing member 202 by providing an intermediate shaft, which is not described herein again.
In this embodiment, the motor may be fixed to the frame, and the shaft may be a shaft of the motor, a shaft of the speed reducer 206, a shaft of the swinging member, or the like, which is not described herein again.
Example 2
The main difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the braking apparatus provided in this embodiment further includes a locking mechanism, and locking at least one of the motor, the shaft, the transmission mechanism, and the piston rod by using the locking mechanism can lock the swinging member, so as to ensure that the state of the elastic member is unchanged.
The locking mechanism has various embodiments, and by way of example, the locking mechanism may be an electromagnetic band-type brake or an electromagnetic brake, and is used for locking the motor, the shaft, the transmission mechanism and/or the piston push rod when being powered on so as to lock the swinging component at the position one, and is used for unlocking when being powered off; it can be understood that the electromagnetic band-type brake and the electromagnetic brake can adopt the electromagnetic band-type brake and the electromagnetic brake commonly used in the prior art, and can be arranged at the positions of a shaft, a movable push rod of an output shaft of a motor and the like so as to achieve the locking function through friction force or holding force when being electrified;
as another example, the motor itself is a motor with a self-locking function, so that the swinging component is locked at the first position. Namely, the motor with the self-locking function is utilized to realize the self-locking of the motor, and the effects of locking the swinging component and keeping the state of the elastic component unchanged can also be achieved.
As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, 3 or 4, in this embodiment, the locking mechanism includes an electromagnet 301 and an absorbing member 302 adapted to the electromagnet 301, as shown in fig. 2 or 3, one of the electromagnet 301 and the absorbing member 302 is fixed to the frame 400, and the other is fixed to the swinging member 202 and is configured to swing along with the swinging member 202 when the electromagnet 301 is de-energized,
when the electromagnet 301 is electrified, the electromagnet 301 and the adsorption part 302 are adsorbed together, and the swinging part 202 is locked at the first position.
In this embodiment, by providing a locking mechanism and controlling the power on/off state of the electromagnet 301, the connection and separation of the electromagnet 301 and the adsorbing component 302 can be conveniently controlled, when the swinging component 202 is at one position, if the electromagnet 301 is powered on, the electromagnet 301 and the adsorbing component 302 can be attracted together under the action of magnetic force, so as to lock the swinging component 202 and the elastic component 501, so that the elastic potential energy stored in the elastic component 501 can be always maintained, that is, the attraction force between the electromagnet 301 and the adsorbing component 302 can counteract the elastic potential energy in the elastic component 501, so that the elastic potential energy cannot be automatically released, and the elastic potential energy of the elastic component 501 does not need to be locked by additionally using the motor 201, which is more convenient and energy-saving, when braking is required, the electromagnet 301 can be powered off to complete unlocking, at this time, the swinging component 202 can swing under the action of the motor 201 and the elastic component 501, braking; when the motor 201 and the electromagnet 301 are powered off, the unlocking can be automatically completed, the elastic potential energy stored in the elastic component 501 can be automatically released, and the swinging component 202 is driven to swing, so that the purpose of automatic braking (braking) in power-off is achieved.
It is understood that in the present embodiment, the electromagnet 301 may be an electromagnet 301 commonly used in the prior art, and the principle is as follows: be provided with the iron core in the inside of electro-magnet 301, the circumferencial direction winding of following the iron core has the coil, when the coil circular telegram, can produce powerful magnetic force in the one end of iron core to can adsorb iron's adsorption element 302, and when the coil outage, magnetic force disappears, this moment, the separation adsorption element 302 that electro-magnet 301 can be convenient.
In order to facilitate the cooperation with the electromagnet 301, the absorbing member 302 is preferably made of an iron material, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the absorbing member 302 is made of an iron circular plate, and in this embodiment, the shape of the absorbing member 302 is not limited, and only needs to be adapted to the electromagnet 301; when the electromagnet 301 is in an electrified state, the electromagnet 301 is firmly attracted to the attraction part 302 by magnetic force, so that the electromagnet 301 is locked, and the purpose of locking the motor 201 is achieved.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, in a further aspect, the braking device 200 further includes a rigid connection element 205, the electromagnet 301 or the adsorption element 302 is fixed to the rigid connection element 205, the rigid connection element 205 is fixed to the swinging element 202, and the swinging element 202 is configured to drive the rigid connection element 205 to swing or rotate synchronously. The rigid connecting piece 205 is connected with the electromagnet 301, so that the electromagnet 301 can be installed on one side of the swinging component 202 and is at a position away from the swinging component 202 by a certain distance, when the swinging component 202 swings or rotates, the rigid connecting piece 205 and the electromagnet 301 synchronously swing or rotate with the swinging component 202, when the electromagnet 301 is in a power-off state and in the braking process, the electromagnet 301 can move in the direction away from the adsorption component 302 under the driving of the motor 201, in the braking releasing process, the electromagnet 301 can move in the direction close to the adsorption component 302 under the driving of the motor 201, and when the electromagnet 301 returns to the initial position, the electromagnet 301 is electrified, so that the electromagnet 301 and the adsorption component 302 can be firmly adsorbed together, and the purpose of locking the swinging component 202, the motor 201 and the piston push rod 204 is achieved.
It can be understood that the rigid connection member 205 may be a rod-shaped structure, a plate-shaped structure, a connection frame, etc., and only the electromagnet 301 or the adsorption member 302 may swing or rotate synchronously with the swing member 202 through the rigid connection member 205; the rigid connection member 205 may be made of iron, steel, etc. for higher strength and rigidity, and the rigid connection member 205 and the swing member 202 may be an integral structure, or may be fixed to the swing member 202 by welding or detachable connection.
After the rigid connection piece 205 is arranged, one end of the tension spring can be fixed on the rigid connection piece 205 or fixed on the swinging component 202 or fixed on the electromagnet 301 or the absorption component 302 of the rigid connection piece 205, so that two end points of the tension spring and three points of the swinging or swinging central point of the swinging component 202 can enclose a triangular structure,
example 3
In order to make the piston rod 204 move linearly under the driving of the swinging component 202 so as to drive the piston sleeve 101 more smoothly, the main difference between the present embodiment 3 and the above embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 is that the braking device 200 provided by the present embodiment further includes a connecting rod 203 and a constraining portion 207, one end of the connecting rod 203 is hinged to the piston rod 204, and the other end is hinged to the swinging component 202 at a position deviating from the swinging center of the swinging component 202, the constraining portion 207 is configured on the frame 400, and the piston rod 204 and the constraining portion 207 form a moving pair, and the constraining portion 207 is used for constraining the piston rod 204 and guiding the piston rod 204. In this embodiment, the swing member 202, the connecting rod 203 and the piston rod 204 may form a crank-slider mechanism, as shown in fig. 4, when the swing member 202 swings or rotates under the driving of the motor 201, the piston rod 204 may strictly move linearly under the constraint of the constraint portion 207, so as to smoothly implement a braking function.
The restriction portion 207 has various embodiments, as a preferred embodiment, the restriction portion 207 may be a guide hole configured in the frame 400, the piston rod 204 passes through the guide hole, and the piston rod 204 is restricted and guided by the guide hole, as another preferred embodiment, the restriction portion 207 may also be a guide cylinder configured in the frame 400, as shown in fig. 4, the piston rod 204 passes through the guide cylinder, and the piston rod 204 is restricted and guided by the guide cylinder, and the guide cylinder may be detachably fixed to the frame 400, or may be directly formed on the frame 400.
Example 4
The present embodiment provides a brake system including a master cylinder 100 and a brake apparatus 200 according to any one of embodiments 1 to 3, as shown in fig. 3.
In order to facilitate accurate control of braking, in a further scheme, the braking system further comprises a controller, a switch is arranged on a power supply line of the electromagnet 301, the electromagnetic band-type brake or the electromagnetic brake, the controller is respectively connected with the switch and the motor 201, the controller controls the on/off of the electromagnet 301 by controlling the on/off of the switch, and the controller controls the on/off, forward rotation/reverse rotation of the motor 201 so as to control braking, braking release and braking force.
It is understood that the switch may be a controllable switch commonly used in the art, such as a relay commonly used in the art, such as an electromagnetic relay, etc., so as to be controlled by the controller.
The controller can be a controller commonly used in the prior art, such as a single chip microcomputer, a PLC, an embedded chip, such as an ARM chip and the like, and when the brake is installed on a vehicle, the controller can also be a central processing unit of the vehicle.
In use, one end of the piston push rod 204 of the brake device 200 is disposed in the piston sleeve 101, so that the brake device 200 can be matched with the master cylinder 100.
Example 5
The present embodiment provides a vehicle including a master cylinder 100, the brake apparatus 200 according to any one of embodiments 1 to 3, or the brake system according to embodiment 4, wherein a piston sleeve 101 is disposed at one end of the master cylinder 100, the frame 400 is connected to the master cylinder 100, and one end of the piston rod 204 is disposed in the piston sleeve 101.
In the present embodiment, the vehicle may be an existing train, a motor car, a vehicle used in a personal rapid transit system (such as a locomotive, a vehicle, etc. in a suspended rail transit system), an automobile, etc., and is particularly suitable for an electric automobile, a manned vehicle, or an unmanned vehicle, and due to the braking device 200 provided in embodiment 3, the vehicle has a power-off automatic braking function, and is particularly suitable for an unmanned vehicle or an automatically controlled vehicle.
In order to realize the automatic braking function in a matching way, the vehicle is provided with a distance measuring sensor and/or a speed measuring sensor and is respectively connected with the controller, and the controller automatically controls whether braking is performed or not, the braking amount and the like according to the distance measuring sensor and/or the speed measuring sensor, so that the automatic braking function is realized.
In addition, can also artificially trample brake pedal and realize brake work, for example, the vehicle sets up in brake pedal, brake pedal sets up detection part, and detection part links to each other with the controller for detect people's dynamics of trampling brake pedal and/or brake pedal's turned angle, and send the controller, the controller is according to the data control motor 201 that detection part detected, thereby reaches the purpose of manual braking.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A braking device for vehicles is characterized by comprising a motor, an elastic component, a transmission mechanism and a piston push rod matched with a piston sleeve in a master cylinder,
the transmission mechanism comprises a swinging component which is movably arranged on the frame through a shaft and is used for driving the piston push rod to move,
the elastic potential energy released by the motor and/or the elastic component is used for driving the swinging component to swing or rotate from the first position to the second position so as to realize braking;
the motor is used for driving the swinging component to swing or rotate from the second position to the first position so as to release braking;
the elastic component is used for storing elastic potential energy in the process that the swinging component swings or rotates from the second position to the first position, automatically releasing the stored elastic potential energy when the motor is powered off, and driving the swinging component to swing or rotate from the first position to the second position through the elastic potential energy so as to realize power-off braking.
2. The brake apparatus for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the elastic member is a tension spring, one end of the tension spring is connected to the frame, the other end of the tension spring is connected to the swing member, and both ends of the tension spring and a swing center of the swing member form a triangular relationship;
or the elastic component is a torsion spring or a clockwork spring and is sleeved on the shaft, one end of the elastic component is connected with the rack, and the other end of the elastic component is connected with the swinging component.
3. The brake apparatus for a vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising a locking mechanism including an electromagnet and an attracting member adapted to the electromagnet, one of the electromagnet and the attracting member being fixed to the frame and the other being fixed to the swinging member and adapted to swing along with the swinging member when the electromagnet is de-energized,
when the electromagnet is electrified, the electromagnet and the adsorption part are adsorbed together, and the swinging part is locked at the first position;
or, the locking mechanism is an electromagnetic band-type brake or an electromagnetic brake and is used for locking the motor, the shaft, the transmission mechanism and/or the piston push rod when the power is on so as to lock the swinging component at the first position and unlock the swinging component when the power is off;
or the motor has a self-locking function, so that the swinging component is locked at the first position.
4. The brake apparatus for a vehicle according to claim 3, wherein the adsorption member is made of a ferrous material.
5. A brake apparatus for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the frame is configured with a connection portion for detachably connecting a master cylinder.
6. The brake apparatus for vehicle according to claim 3, further comprising a rigid connection member, wherein the electromagnet or the absorption member is fixed to the rigid connection member, the rigid connection member is fixed to the swinging member, the swinging member is configured to drive the rigid connection member to swing or rotate synchronously,
one end of the elastic component is connected with the rigid connecting piece, the electromagnet fixed on the rigid connecting piece or the adsorption component fixed on the rigid connecting piece.
7. The brake apparatus for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein one end of the piston push rod is hinged to the swing member at a position offset from a swing center of the swing member, and the other end is adapted to be inserted into a piston sleeve in a master cylinder,
or the like, or, alternatively,
the transmission mechanism further comprises a connecting rod and a restraining part, one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the piston push rod, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the position, deviating from the swing center of the swing component, the restraining part is constructed on the rack, the piston push rod and the restraining part form a moving pair, and the restraining part is used for restraining the piston push rod and guiding the piston push rod.
8. The brake apparatus for a vehicle according to claim 7, wherein the restraint portion is a guide hole or a guide cylinder configured to the frame.
9. A braking system, characterized by comprising a controller and the braking device of claim 3, wherein a switch is arranged on a power supply line of the electromagnet, the electromagnetic band-type brake or the electromagnetic brake, and the controller is respectively connected with the switch and the motor and is used for controlling the on/off of the switch and controlling the start/stop and forward/reverse rotation of the motor.
10. A vehicle comprising a master cylinder, a brake apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, or a brake system according to claim 9, wherein a piston sleeve is provided at one end of the master cylinder, the frame is connected to the master cylinder, and one end of the piston rod is provided in the piston sleeve.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021214731.3U CN212500312U (en) | 2020-06-28 | 2020-06-28 | Braking equipment and braking system for vehicle and vehicle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021214731.3U CN212500312U (en) | 2020-06-28 | 2020-06-28 | Braking equipment and braking system for vehicle and vehicle |
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| CN212500312U true CN212500312U (en) | 2021-02-09 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111634272A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-09-08 | 江苏飞梭智行设备有限公司 | Braking device and braking system for vehicle and vehicle |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111634272A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-09-08 | 江苏飞梭智行设备有限公司 | Braking device and braking system for vehicle and vehicle |
| CN111634272B (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2024-01-26 | 江苏飞梭智行设备有限公司 | Braking device for vehicle, braking system and vehicle |
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