CN212473913U

CN212473913U - Variable rate fertilizer injection unit of unmanned aerial vehicle for fertilizer spreading

Info

Publication number: CN212473913U
Application number: CN202020690926.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曹亮
Original assignee: Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
Current assignee: Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
Priority date: 2020-04-29
Filing date: 2020-04-29
Publication date: 2021-02-05
Anticipated expiration: 2030-04-29

Abstract

The utility model discloses a spill fertile unmanned aerial vehicle variable rate fertilizer injection unit, relate to the unmanned air vehicle technique field, including the unmanned aerial vehicle body, spill fertile subassembly, camera and controller, improve through the fertile subassembly that spills to unmanned aerial vehicle among the prior art, add including the control room in spilling fertile subassembly, adjust the adjusting device of pole and reciprocating mechanism, adjust the play fertile mouthful size in the control room through adjusting the pole, with the control of the fertile speed down when realizing fertilizer application amount or fertilization, combine the multiple information transmission mode of prior art to carry out real-time regulation and control to adjusting device, closely follow the high-end agriculture of china, the development direction of accurate agriculture, really accomplish accurate variable fertilization.

Description

Variable rate fertilizer injection unit of unmanned aerial vehicle for fertilizer spreading

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an unmanned air vehicle technique field, in particular to spill fertile unmanned aerial vehicle variable rate fertilizer injection unit.

Background

At present, the fertilizer is mostly applied in China on the level of empirical fertilization, the utilization rate of the fertilizer is only 30% -40%, the yield increasing effect of the fertilizer is not fully exerted, the incredible waste is caused, and the problems of water pollution and the like occur in some areas. According to statistics, the application amount of the chemical fertilizer in China has reached the average 434.3 kg/hm²Far beyond the developed countries are225 kg/hm for preventing fertilizer from polluting water body²The upper safety limit of (2) is 1.93 times of the international standard. The increase of the amount of fertilizer to be applied and the decrease of the utilization efficiency not only cause a great economic loss but also cause serious environmental pollution.

The problems of crop yield reduction, excessive harmful substances, underground water source pollution, soil hardening and the like in China are caused by backward fertilization modes, blind extensive fertilization and serious partial fertilization phenomena, the ecological environment and the food safety are seriously influenced, and the construction of an environment-friendly and resource-saving society in China is extremely not facilitated. Under the large environment of promoting the green development of villages and creating a new pattern of development of harmonious symbiosis of human and nature, the environmental protection consciousness of agricultural production is continuously enhanced, and people do not need to find out the yield increase and income increase of agricultural products at the cost of environment any more. The variable rate fertilization technology with the background of precision agriculture is an effective way to improve the soil nutrient content, reduce the pollution of underground water sources, ensure the food safety and promote the yield increase of farmers, so that the implementation of scientific variable rate fertilization which accords with the environment of different areas in China is a necessary measure and an urgent need to solve the problem of sustainable development of agriculture health in China.

Under the background of definitely developing an agricultural remote sensing technology and accurate agricultural machinery equipment in the first central file of 2018, the unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology is used as a new science, overcomes the defects of low satellite remote sensing resolution, poor timeliness, easiness in being influenced by the environment, only facing macroscopicity and the like, and is bound to become one of important means for acquiring agricultural condition monitoring data. But the fertilization structure of the unmanned aerial vehicle used at present is generally quantitative fertilization, and the fertilization amount or the fertilization rate during fertilization are difficult to control, so that variable fertilization is difficult to achieve really.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to overcome prior art not enough, provide a spill fertile unmanned aerial vehicle variable rate fertilizer injection unit, solve among the prior art hardly to unmanned aerial vehicle's the fertilization volume or the problem that the lower fertile speed when fertilizeing carries out control.

The purpose of the utility model is realized through the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a spill fertile unmanned aerial vehicle variable rate fertilizer injection unit, includes the unmanned aerial vehicle body, spills fertile subassembly, camera and controller, it includes workbin, adjusting device, force pump and shower nozzle subassembly to spill fertile subassembly, through the pipeline intercommunication between workbin and adjusting device, adjusting device and force pump and the shower nozzle subassembly, adjusting device is including control chamber, regulation pole and reciprocating mechanism, the slope is provided with the baffle in the control chamber, fertile mouthful has been seted up at the baffle middle part, reciprocating mechanism is by motor drive, motor and force pump all are controlled by the controller for it carries out reciprocating motion to drive the regulation pole, the one end of adjusting the pole is equipped with stifled plug member and goes out fertile mouthful phase-match with the baffle, is used for plugging up or exposing fertile mouthful, and the other end stretches out the control chamber and is connected with reciprocating mechanism.

The utility model discloses a theory of operation: the prior art can be utilized to obtain different flight speeds or the fertilizer spreading amount or the fertilizer spreading speed required by a farmland area, the motor is controlled by the controller, the fertilizer spreading speed is 0 in an initial state, at the moment, the blocking piece of the adjusting rod completely blocks the fertilizer outlet of the baffle in the adjusting chamber, and the fertilizer cannot pass through the fertilizer outlet; the maximum value of the fertilizer spreading speed is that when the blocking piece of the adjusting rod leaves the baffle plate in the adjusting chamber and the fertilizer outlet of the baffle plate is completely exposed, fertilizer enters the pipeline and passes through the fertilizer outlet of the baffle plate under the action of the pressure pump, and then enters the nozzle assembly through the pipeline to be atomized and sprayed, wherein the nozzle assembly can be realized by adopting a conventional technical means; the process that the fertilizer spreading speed is from 0 to the maximum value is that the blocking piece of the adjusting rod gradually leaves the baffle in the adjusting chamber, namely the process that the fertilizer outlet of the baffle is gradually exposed, the process is realized by driving a reciprocating mechanism to work through a motor, and the reciprocating mechanism drives the blocking piece of the adjusting rod to move. Therefore, the controller controls the working state of the motor, so that the aim of adjusting the fertilizer spreading speed can be fulfilled, and variable fertilizer application is realized.

The bin is used for containing fertilizer to be broadcast,

furthermore, reciprocating mechanism includes screw rod and thread bush, screw rod and thread bush threaded connection, thread bush and regulation room fixed connection, the screw rod runs through thread bush one end and is connected with the regulation pole, and the other end is connected with the motor output.

Furthermore, the screw and one end of the adjusting rod extending out of the adjusting chamber are arranged to be of an integrally formed or welded structure.

Furthermore, a pointer is fixedly arranged on the adjusting rod, and the displacement distance of the pointer is the displacement distance of the adjusting rod.

Furthermore, a cavity is arranged between the threaded sleeve and the adjusting chamber, one end of the cavity is connected with the adjusting chamber, the other end of the cavity is connected with the threaded sleeve, scale marks are arranged above the cavity, and the arrangement direction of the scale marks is perpendicular to the direction of the pointer.

Further, the baffle is S-shaped.

Further, the workbin is annular around force pump and pipeline and sets up, be equipped with on the workbin and connect mouth of pipe and feed inlet.

The utility model has the advantages that:

the utility model discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle's the subassembly that spills fertile improves among the prior art, set up including the control room in spilling fertile subassembly, adjust pole and reciprocating mechanism's adjusting device, adjust the play fertile mouthful size in the control room through adjusting the pole, with the realization to the fertile speed control down when fertilizer application amount perhaps fertilizeing, combine prior art's multiple information transmission mode to carry out real-time regulation and control to adjusting device, closely follow the high-end agriculture of china, the development direction of accurate agriculture, really accomplish accurate variable fertilization.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view in an operating state of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the fertilizer spreader when the maximum fertilizer spreading speed is reached;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the adjusting device of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the baffle of the present invention;

in the figure, 1-an unmanned aerial vehicle body, 2-a material box, 3-an adjusting device, 4-a pressure pump, 5-a spray head assembly, 6-a pipeline, 7-an adjusting chamber, 8-an adjusting rod, 9-a motor, 10-a baffle, 11-a blocking part, 12-a threaded sleeve, 13-a screw rod, 14-a pointer, 15-a cavity, 16-a scale mark, 17-a reciprocating mechanism, 18-a pipe connecting opening, 19-a feeding opening and 20-a carrying platform.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-5, the present invention provides a technical solution:

example 1

A variable fertilization device of a fertilizer spreading unmanned aerial vehicle comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body 1, a fertilizer spreading assembly, a camera and a controller, wherein a GPS system is arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle body 1, the fertilizer spreading assembly comprises a feed box 2, an adjusting device 3, a pressure pump 4 and a nozzle assembly 5, the nozzle assembly 5 is specifically an atomizing nozzle, the feed box 2 is communicated with the adjusting device 3, the adjusting device 3 is communicated with the pressure pump 4 and the pressure pump 4 are communicated with the nozzle assembly 5 through a pipeline 6, the adjusting device 3 comprises an adjusting chamber 7, an adjusting rod 8 and a reciprocating mechanism 17, the adjusting chamber 7 is hermetically connected with the pipeline 6, a baffle 10 is obliquely and fixedly arranged in the adjusting chamber 7, the baffle 10 is specifically S-shaped, a fertilizer outlet is formed in the middle of the baffle 10 and can be rectangular, square or circular and the like, the reciprocating mechanism 17 is driven by a motor 9, both the motor 9 and the pressure pump 4 are controlled by the controller and are used for driving the, one end of the adjusting rod 8 is provided with a blocking piece which is matched with the fertilizer outlet of the baffle plate 10 and can be used for blocking or exposing the fertilizer outlet, the blocking piece can be conical, and the other end of the blocking piece extends out of the adjusting chamber 7 and is connected with the reciprocating mechanism 17.

The utility model discloses a theory of operation: different flight speeds or fertilizer spreading amount or fertilizer spreading speed required by a farmland region can be obtained by utilizing the prior art, the motor 9 is controlled by the controller, the fertilizer spreading speed is 0 in an initial state, at the moment, the blocking piece of the adjusting rod 8 completely blocks the fertilizer outlet of the baffle 10 in the adjusting chamber 7, and the fertilizer cannot pass through the fertilizer outlet; the maximum value of the fertilizer spreading speed is that when the blocking piece of the adjusting rod 8 leaves the baffle plate 10 in the adjusting chamber 7 and the fertilizer outlet of the baffle plate 10 is completely exposed, at this time, under the action of the pressure pump 4, fertilizer enters the pipeline 6 and passes through the fertilizer outlet of the baffle plate 10, and then enters the spray head assembly 5 through the pipeline 6 to be atomized and sprayed, wherein the spray head assembly 5 can be realized by adopting a conventional technical means; the process of the fertilizer spreading speed from 0 to the maximum value is, as shown in fig. 1-3, the process that the blocking piece of the adjusting rod 8 gradually leaves the baffle 10 in the adjusting chamber 7, namely the process that the fertilizer outlet of the baffle 10 is gradually exposed, the process is realized by driving the reciprocating mechanism 17 to work through the motor 9, the reciprocating mechanism 17 drives the blocking piece of the adjusting rod 8 to move, correspondingly, the reciprocating mechanism 17 drives the blocking piece of the adjusting rod 8 to gradually approach the baffle 10 in the adjusting chamber 7, namely the process that the fertilizer outlet of the baffle 10 is gradually blocked, and the process that the fertilizer spreading speed is gradually reduced. Therefore, the controller controls the working state of the motor 9, so that the aim of adjusting the fertilizer spreading speed can be fulfilled, and variable fertilizer application is realized.

Example 2

In this embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 4, the reciprocating mechanism 17 includes a screw 13 and a threaded sleeve 12, the screw 13 is in threaded connection with the threaded sleeve 12, the threaded sleeve 12 is fixedly connected with the adjusting chamber 7, one end of the screw 13 penetrating through the threaded sleeve 12 is connected with the adjusting rod 8, and the other end is connected with the output end of the motor 9. The screw 13 and the end of the adjusting rod 8 extending out of the adjusting chamber 7 are integrally formed or welded, so that the screw 13 and the adjusting rod 8 are more stably and firmly connected.

The motor 9 rotates to drive the screw 13 to rotate, the screw 13 is connected with the threaded sleeve 12, and the threaded sleeve 12 is fixed, so that the screw 13 moves along the direction of the threaded sleeve 12, the direction of movement of the screw 13 can be further determined by controlling the rotation of the motor 9, and the screw 13 can drive the adjusting rod 8 to perform linear reciprocating motion by changing the rotation of the motor 9.

Example 3

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, in addition to embodiment 2, the pointer 14 is fixed to the adjustment lever 8, and the displacement distance of the pointer 14, that is, the distance by which the adjustment lever 8 is displaced. A cavity 15 is arranged between the threaded sleeve 12 and the adjusting chamber 7, one end of the cavity 15 is connected with the adjusting chamber 7, the other end of the cavity 15 is connected with the threaded sleeve 12, scale marks 16 are arranged above the cavity 15, the arrangement direction of the scale marks 16 is perpendicular to the direction of the pointer 14, and the cavity 15 is transparent so that a user can observe the displacement condition of the pointer 14 during debugging.

Through setting the pointer 14 and the scale marks 16, a user can conveniently debug before using the device to spread fertilizer, for example, the forward distance of the screw 13 of the motor 9 rotating for one circle is observed and calculated, the forward angle of the pointer 14 corresponding to the rotation of the motor 9 and the change situation of the flow in the adjusting chamber 7 are advanced by one scale, and the like, so that the variable fertilizer application can be realized more accurately by combining computer software and a controller.

Example 4

In this embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 1, further, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the tank 2 is annularly arranged around the pressure pump 4 and the pipeline 6, the tank 2 is provided with a pipe connecting port 18 and a feed port 19, the pipe connecting port 18 is used for connecting the pipeline 6, and the feed port 19 is used for replenishing fertilizer in the tank 2. 2 below in workbin can set up the cargo platform 20 that is used for bearing workbin 2, and cargo platform 20 is hollow structure, and cargo platform 20 is inside to be used for accomodating the pipeline 6 of connecting force pump 4 and shower nozzle subassembly 5, makes the pipeline of whole device clearer, clean and tidy and pleasing to the eye, and cargo platform 20 and 1 fixed connection of unmanned aerial vehicle body to make whole device structure more stable.

The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise forms disclosed herein, and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. But that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be limited only by the claims appended hereto.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a spill fertile unmanned aerial vehicle variable rate fertilizer injection unit, includes unmanned aerial vehicle body (1), spills fertile subassembly and controller, its characterized in that: the fertilizer spreading assembly comprises a fertilizer box (2), an adjusting device (3), a pressure pump (4) and a spray head assembly (5), the fertilizer box (2) is communicated with the adjusting device (3), the adjusting device (3) and the pressure pump (4) as well as the pressure pump (4) and the spray head assembly (5) through a pipeline (6), the adjusting device (3) comprises an adjusting chamber (7), an adjusting rod (8) and a reciprocating mechanism (17), a baffle (10) is obliquely arranged in the adjusting chamber (7), a fertilizer outlet is formed in the middle of the baffle (10), the reciprocating mechanism (17) is driven by a motor (9), the motor (9) and the pressure pump (4) are controlled by a controller and used for driving the adjusting rod (8) to carry out reciprocating motion, one end of the adjusting rod (8) is provided with a blocking piece and matched with the fertilizer outlet of the baffle (10) and used for blocking or exposing the fertilizer outlet, the other end extends out of the adjusting chamber (7) and is connected with a reciprocating mechanism (17).

2. The variable rate fertilizer injection unit of fertilizer spreading unmanned aerial vehicle of claim 1, characterized in that: reciprocating mechanism (17) include screw rod (13) and thread bush (12), screw rod (13) and thread bush (12) threaded connection, thread bush (12) and regulation room (7) fixed connection, screw rod (13) run through thread bush (12) one end and are connected with regulation pole (8), and the other end is connected with motor (9) output.

3. The variable rate fertilizer injection unit of fertilizer spreading unmanned aerial vehicle of claim 2, characterized in that: the screw (13) and one end of the adjusting rod (8) extending out of the adjusting chamber (7) are arranged to be of an integrated forming or welding structure.

4. The variable rate fertilizer injection unit of fertilizer spreading unmanned aerial vehicle of claim 3, characterized in that: the adjusting rod (8) is fixedly provided with a pointer (14), and the displacement distance of the pointer (14) is the displacement distance of the adjusting rod (8).

5. The fertilizer spreading unmanned aerial vehicle variable rate fertilizer injection unit of claim 4, characterized in that: be provided with cavity (15) between thread bush (12) and regulation room (7), the one end and the regulation room (7) of cavity (15) are connected, and the other end is connected with thread bush (12), cavity (15) top is provided with scale mark (16), the direction of arranging of scale mark (16) and pointer (14) point to perpendicularly.

6. The variable rate fertilizer injection unit of fertilizer spreading unmanned aerial vehicle of claim 1, characterized in that: the baffle (10) is S-shaped.

7. The variable rate fertilizer injection unit of fertilizer spreading unmanned aerial vehicle of claim 1, characterized in that: the feed box (2) is arranged annularly around the pressure pump (4) and the pipeline (6), and a pipe connecting port (18) and a feed port (19) are arranged on the feed box (2).