CN212459468U

CN212459468U - Ray test block for detecting composite material

Info

Publication number: CN212459468U
Application number: CN202020958019.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 丁菊; 袁奕雯; 刘书宏; 许金沙
Original assignee: Shanghai Special Equipment Supervision and Inspection Technology Institute
Current assignee: Shanghai Special Equipment Supervision and Inspection Technology Institute
Priority date: 2020-05-29
Filing date: 2020-05-29
Publication date: 2021-02-02
Anticipated expiration: 2030-05-29

Abstract

The utility model discloses a technical scheme provides a ray test block for detecting combined material, a serial communication port, including one deck coating test block and multilayer basic unit test block and general cell type contrast test block, coating test block and basic unit test block comprise different materials, and the coating test block sets up on the upper portion of basic unit test block, can set up upper portion and the lower part at coating test block upper portion or basic unit test block according to ray detection's needs through cell type contrast test block. The utility model discloses can be used for detecting combined material's detection to can further confirm the position that the defect appears. The defect is avoided to appear only in unilateral structure condition of repairing completely, has prevented to destroy the faying face performance of composite bed, avoids wasting the resource.

Description

Ray test block for detecting composite material

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a ray test block for detecting combined material belongs to ray detection technical field.

Background

In the advanced material preparation technology, material components with different properties are optimally combined to form a new material, the material can not only keep the advantages of the material performance of each component, but also realize the comprehensive performance through the performance of each component, the material can exert the advantages of each component, overcome the defect of a single material, and expand the application range and the application field of the material. In the selection of pressure vessel materials, more and more composite materials appear, the composite materials in the pressure vessel have a base layer and a coating layer, common metal is used as a base material to play a role in providing strength and rigidity, nonmetal or metal is used as a coating layer material to play a role in acid and alkali resistance, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, low temperature resistance and the like, and the composite materials comprise glass fiber, carbon fiber, stainless steel, ceramic, nonferrous metal and the like.

At present, welding is still a processing technology of metal matrix composite materials or layered composite board materials, and many composite boards need to be welded and formed. Generally, the welding of composite materials is more complicated than the welding of single group member metal, and the problems of poor forming of welding joints, large welding stress, easy cracking of welding seams and the like under the conditions of linear expansion coefficients and heat conductivity difference of the two materials exist. At present, the most effective detection method is still a ray detection mode, at present, a common manufacturing factory still uses conventional rays to detect the welding joint of the composite material, the ray detection equipment is difficult to judge the position of the defect, the defect is difficult to be seized on a base layer or a coating layer, and if the defect occurs, the defect can only be repaired in all directions. Fig. 1 is a weld joint of composite materials. The weld joint defect generally occurs in three cases: (1) the defects of the coating weld joint 1 exist, a coping mode should be adopted, the coating 4 generally has the effects of corrosion resistance, acid resistance, alkali resistance and the like, meanwhile, the coating 4 generally adopts surfacing welding and does not have the defects of incomplete penetration, incomplete fusion and the like, and even if the shape is not the incomplete penetration and the incomplete fusion in the standard sense, the repair by fire is not suitable. (2) The existence of the defect in the base layer weld joint 3 is particularly important for judging the position of the defect, particularly for materials which are easy to repair, such as 20G, Q235R, Q345R and the like, if the material is not close to the bonding layer, only the partial position of the base material needs to be repaired, and the original structure of the composite plate does not need to be damaged. (3) The defects of the base layer 5 and the coating layer 4, namely the transition layer welding seam 2, exist at the same time, the all-dimensional repair is needed, the welding joint part is completely cut off by generally adopting an air gouging mode, and the welding is carried out again. Therefore, the significance of determining the depth of the defect at the welding joint for the composite material is far greater than that of the composite material.

In the current universal standard for radiographic inspection NB/T47013.2, for the type I (special comparison test block for small-diameter tube girth weld) and the type II (general groove type comparison test block) in the judgment defect depth basis < second chapter radiographic inspection appendix L (normative appendix) comparison test block type and specification >, the type II can only be a step groove structure made of a single material, and the judgment of the depth can only be performed on equipment made of a single material. The standard also indicates that the ray absorption coefficient of the material of the reference test block is similar to that of the material of the workpiece to be detected, and for the material of the composite plate, no special reference test block exists at present. Type II (Universal slot type reference block) in NB/T47013.2 is shown in FIG. 2.

Table 1: type II reference block size (unit mm)

h1	h2	H3	H4	Total thickness of	Deviation of dimension
						0.3	0.5	1.0	1.5	2	±0.05

Disclosure of Invention

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is: how to design a ray test block capable of detecting composite materials so that the ray test block can further determine the position of the occurrence of the defect and simultaneously avoid the condition that the defect causes the repair of the whole device when in a single-side structure.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a ray test block for detecting combined material, a serial communication port, including one deck cladding test block and multilayer basic unit test block and general cell type contrast test block, cladding test block and basic unit test block comprise different materials, and the cladding test block sets up on the upper portion of basic unit test block, can set up upper portion and the lower part at cladding test block upper portion or basic unit test block according to ray detection's needs through cell type contrast test block.

Preferably, step surfaces with the depth of 0.3mm0.5mm 1 and 0mm1.5mm can be engraved on the coating layer or the base layer according to different radiation detection materials.

Preferably, the base layer test block has a plurality of base layer test blocks, and step surfaces with the depth of 0.3mm0.5mm 1 and 0mm1.5mm can be engraved on the base layer test blocks with different heights.

The utility model discloses can be used for detecting combined material's detection to can further confirm the position that the defect appears. The defect is avoided to appear only in unilateral structure condition of repairing completely, has prevented to destroy the faying face performance of composite bed, avoids wasting the resource.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a welded joint of a metal laminated composite plate;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional universal slot-type reference block;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the coating for detecting defects according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention illustrating the defect detection on the substrate;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention for detecting defects between the substrate and the coating;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the defect detection device of the present invention at different heights.

Detailed Description

In order to make the present invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

1. For example, carbon steel is used as the base test piece 7, and stainless steel is used as the cover test piece 6. And the thickness of the coating test block 6 is 2mm, and the thickness of the base test block 7 is 8 mm. If it is necessary to determine the position of the defect in the thickness direction, the dedicated test block may be formed as shown in fig. 3.

At this time, 2 clad test pieces 6 of stainless steel with a dimensional structure of 21 x 15 x 2(mm x mm) were prepared, and the material was the same as the actual clad material. One is a whole steel plate; and the other is according to the form in type II (general groove type reference block) in FIG. 2.NB/T47013.2, step surfaces with the depths of 0.3mm, 0.5mm, 1.0mm and 1.5mm are respectively and manually carved.

At the same time, 4 base test pieces 7 of carbon steel with a dimensional structure of 21 x 15 x 2(mm x mm) were prepared, the material being the same as the actual base material. 3 are whole steel plates; and the other 1 step surfaces with the depths of 0.3mm, 0.5mm, 1.0mm and 1.5mm are manually carved according to the form of the II-type universal groove type comparison test block 8 in the graph 2. NB/T47013.2.

In the combination, one cladding test block 6 and four base test blocks 7 are combined to simulate an actual composite steel material.

In the ray detection, the two-dimensional plane influence is detected, and the information in the height direction of the workpiece is lost, so that the partial information in the thickness direction can be obtained only by comparing the blackness of the base material. And the layering of the internal structure of the workpiece cannot be detected during ray detection, so that the direction of the combined test block can be adopted for simulation, the material is saved, and the required information can be obtained.

Special test blocks with different structures are respectively manufactured at 3 possible defect positions of the welded joint of the metal laminated composite plate in the previous figure 1. (1) The position of a cladding welding seam 1 with defects; (2) the position of a base layer welding seam 2 with defects; (3) defects are present at both the base and overlay sites. Fig. 3 shows that the defect is in the coating layer, and in combination with the actual engineering, the coating layer is generally a medium contact part and is an inner surface of the equipment, so that in the process of using source transillumination by the ray machine, the imaging is worse for being close to the source side, and the imaging film of the reference test block is obtained by generally adopting a mode of transilluminating the test block twice.

FIG. 4 shows that the defect is at the position of the base layer, and the base layer with the thickness not exceeding 1/2 can be polished by using 1/2 thickness of the base layer as a boundary according to the requirements of TSG21-2016 fixed pressure vessel monitoring regulations, so that II-type (universal groove-type contrast block 8) test blocks are placed at two positions shown in FIG. 4, and radiographic images are respectively performed to obtain contrast block imaging films of the defect at the position of 1/4 thickness of the base layer and 1/2 thickness of the base layer.

Fig. 5 shows the defect at the position near the bonding surface of the base layer and the cladding layer, and at the position, some cracks, incomplete penetration, strip defects and the like exceed the standard, which can cause serious bonding surface separation, form original defects, and form serious problems of stress concentration and the like. Therefore, the steel should be gouged and repaired to be qualified. Therefore, a type II (general groove type reference block 8) block is placed at the position shown in FIG. 5, and radiographic inspection is performed once to obtain an image of the reference block at the portion where the defect is near the bonding surface of the base layer and the clad layer.

And comparing the obtained contrast block imaging films at different positions with an actual detection radiographic film, particularly comparing the blackness, so as to obtain the height position of the defect.

Example 2

2. For example, carbon steel is used as the base test block 7, and glass lining is used as the cladding test block 6. And the thickness of the coating layer is 2mm, and the thickness of the base layer is 8 mm. If it is necessary to determine the position of the defect in the thickness direction, the dedicated test block may be formed as shown in fig. 6. At this point, 1 substrate coupon 7 with a dimensional structure of 21 x 15 x 2(mm x mm) was prepared, the material being the same as the actual substrate material. One is a whole steel plate, and glass lining sintering is carried out on the substrate, since the glass lining is formed by sintering silicon dioxide, and the size of the glass lining after sintering is ensured to be 21 x 15 x 2(mm x mm).

At the same time, 3 carbon steel test blocks with a dimensional structure of 21 x 15 x 2(mm x mm) were prepared, the material being the same as the actual substrate material. 2 are a whole steel plate; another 1 step surfaces with the depths of 0.3mm, 0.5mm, 1.0mm and 1.5mm are manually carved according to the form in the II type (general groove type comparison test block) in the graph 2. NB/T47013.2.

FIG. 6 shows the defect at the base layer, for this reason, the II type (general groove type reference block 8) test block is placed at 3 positions as shown in FIG. 4, and radiographic transillumination is performed once respectively, so as to obtain the reference block imaging films with the defect at the base layer thickness 1/4, the base layer thickness 1/2 and the base layer thickness 3/4.

If the defects exist, the base layer needs to be repaired, and if the defects are generated at the glass lining coating, the equipment cannot be repaired or polished due to the characteristics of the glass lining, so that the equipment is scrapped.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a ray test block for detecting combined material which characterized in that, includes one deck cladding test block and multilayer basic unit test block and general cell type contrast test block, and cladding test block and basic unit test block comprise different materials, and the cladding test block setting can be according to the needs setting of ray detection in the upper portion and the lower part of cladding test block upper portion or basic unit test block at the upper portion of basic unit test block through cell type contrast test block.

2. The radiation test block for testing composite materials according to claim 1, wherein step surfaces with a depth of 0.3mm, 0.5mm 1 and 0mm1.5mm can be engraved on the cladding layer or the base layer according to the radiation testing material.

3. The radiation test block for detecting composite materials of claim 1, wherein the base layer test block has a plurality of base layer test blocks, and the step surface with the depth of 0.3mm, 0.5mm 1 and 0mm1.5mm can be engraved on the base layer test block with different heights.