CN212459324U - Coarse sand horizontal seepage model box - Google Patents
Coarse sand horizontal seepage model box Download PDFInfo
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- CN212459324U CN212459324U CN202021226500.4U CN202021226500U CN212459324U CN 212459324 U CN212459324 U CN 212459324U CN 202021226500 U CN202021226500 U CN 202021226500U CN 212459324 U CN212459324 U CN 212459324U
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Abstract
A coarse-grained sandy soil horizontal seepage model box comprises a transparent box body with an opening at the top and a hollow interior, wherein a first porous plate and a second porous plate are sequentially arranged in the box body from left to right, the interior of the box body is divided into an overflow cavity, a sample seepage cavity and a buffer cavity, the sample seepage cavity is filled with a sample soil body, and the buffer cavity is filled with gravels; a water inlet is arranged on the right side wall of the box body, and a water outlet is arranged on the part of the bottom surface of the box body, which is positioned in the overflow cavity; a plurality of pressure measuring holes are horizontally arranged on the rear side wall of the box body at intervals, and pore water pressure sensors are arranged in the pressure measuring holes; the upper part of the outer wall surface at the left side of the box body is provided with a water collecting and draining groove, the water collecting and draining groove and one side of the box body close to each other are arranged on the same wall, and the top edge of the left side wall of the box body is provided with a wavy overflow groove. The utility model discloses can fine simulation under the seepage flow condition infiltration of coarse grain class calcareous sandy soil warp, record different grades and join in marriage calcareous sandy soil osmotic coefficient.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a geotechnical engineering test field especially relates to a coarse grain sand level is to seepage flow mold box.
Background
The particles with the particle size distribution of 0.075-60 mm are called coarse particle groups, soil with the content exceeding 50% of the total weight is called coarse soil, the coarse soil is common foundation filler in ocean engineering, water conservancy embankment engineering and other related construction engineering, but the coarse soil particles are lack of bonding performance, under the action of seepage, the sandy soil foundation often generates seepage deformation, and from the development mechanism of the seepage deformation, the main seepage deformation at present is divided into four types of flowing soil, piping, contact loss and contact scouring.
The seepage deformation of the soil body generally occurs under the condition that the seepage direction is inconsistent with the self-weight direction of the soil body, after the seepage reaches the critical hydraulic gradient, soil particles lose effective stress due to the action of the seepage force, the soil flowing phenomenon that particle groups are suspended and taken away by water flow possibly occurs under the seepage effect, and the piping phenomenon that fine particles flow out of the pores of the soil body framework along with the water flow also can occur. At present, the conventional permeameter is small in size and difficult to develop relevant model test research in the permeability of coarse-grained soil, and secondly, the conventional permeameter can only measure the permeability coefficient of the soil body but cannot well simulate the permeability damage of the soil body.
Disclosure of Invention
For overcoming the current relevant problem that is difficult to carry out coarse grain class calcareous sandy soil permeability model test, the utility model provides a coarse grain sandy soil level is to seepage flow mold box and test method thereof.
The utility model adopts the scheme that: a coarse-grained sandy soil horizontal seepage model box comprises a transparent box body with an opening at the top and a hollow interior, wherein a first porous plate and a second porous plate are sequentially arranged in the box body from left to right, the interior of the box body is divided into an overflow cavity, a sample seepage cavity and a buffer cavity, the first porous plate and the second porous plate are parallel to the left side wall of the box body, and the top surfaces of the first porous plate and the second porous plate are flush with the top surface of the box body; the sample seepage cavity is filled with a sample soil body, and the buffer cavity is filled with gravels;
a water inlet for liquid to flow in is arranged on the right side wall of the box body, a water outlet is arranged on the part of the bottom surface of the box body, which is positioned in the overflow cavity, and ball valves are arranged on the water inlet and the water outlet; a plurality of pressure measuring holes are horizontally arranged on the rear side wall of the box body at intervals, and pore water pressure sensors are arranged in the pressure measuring holes;
the top edges of the right side wall, the front side wall and the rear side wall of the box body are respectively provided with outward flanges for mounting a top cover, wherein the flanges of the front side wall and the rear side wall horizontally extend leftwards from the right end of the box body to the position of an overflow cavity of the box body; the length of the top cover is matched with the length of the flanges of the front side wall and the rear side wall, the flanges and the top cover are provided with bolt holes which are in one-to-one correspondence, the top cover is connected with the box body through bolts, and the top cover does not completely cover the top opening of the box body; a water stop gasket is arranged on the assembly surface of the box body and the top cover, and the top cover is provided with an exhaust hole which is provided with an exhaust valve;
the upper part of the outer wall surface at the left side of the box body is provided with a water collecting and draining groove, and the top edge of the left side wall of the box body is provided with a wave-shaped overflow groove which is sunken downwards; the side, close to each other, of the water collecting and draining groove is on the same wall with the side, close to each other, of the box body, and the water collecting and draining groove is arranged on the outer wall surfaces of the front side wall, the rear side wall and the left side wall of the overflow cavity in a surrounding mode so as to receive liquid flowing out of the top of the overflow cavity; the tank bottom of the water collecting and draining tank is provided with a plurality of free water draining pipe orifices, and the free water draining pipe orifices are connected with water draining pipes.
Furthermore, the box body, the top plate and the water collecting and draining groove are all made of transparent organic glass.
Furthermore, one side of the second multi-hole plate close to the sample seepage cavity is provided with a screen for preventing the sample from entering the buffer zone.
Further, be equipped with the support bar that is used for fixed first perforated plate and second perforated plate in the box.
The utility model has the advantages that: the seepage deformation of coarse-grained calcareous sandy soil under the seepage condition can be well simulated, the permeability coefficients of different grades of calcareous sandy soil can be measured, the operation is convenient, the cost is low, and the whole box body is made of transparent organic glass, so that the change condition of the soil body under the seepage action can be observed conveniently.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a rear view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the top cover.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the water collection and drainage tank.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the bottom surface of the case.
Description of reference numerals: 1. the water tank comprises a water inlet, 2, a right side wall, 3, a tank body bottom, 4, a first porous plate, 5, a water outlet, 6, a left side wall, 7, a free water discharge pipe opening, 8, a water collection and discharge groove, 9, bolts, 10, pressure measuring holes, 11, a top cover 12, a water stop gasket, 13, a ball valve, 14, a rear side wall, 15, a pore water pressure sensor, 16, a support strip, 17, a front side wall, 18 bolt holes, 19, an exhaust hole and 20, and a screen.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated as the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., appear based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" as appearing herein are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to the attached drawings, the model box for the horizontal seepage of coarse-grained sandy soil comprises a box body with an opening at the top and a hollow interior, wherein the box body is made of transparent organic glass, the wall thickness of the box body is 15mm, and the internal dimension of the box body is 60cm multiplied by 52cm multiplied by 20 cm;
a first porous plate 4 and a second porous plate are sequentially arranged in the box body from left to right, the first porous plate is a plate-shaped structural member, the thickness of the first porous plate is 10mm, the size of the first porous plate is 23cm multiplied by 20cm, a plurality of through holes which are in the same direction with the thickness direction of the first porous plate are formed in the first porous plate, and the second porous plate and the first porous plate are consistent in structure; the first porous plate and the second porous plate are vertically arranged in the box body, the boundary is sealed by adopting glass cement, the supporting bars are fixedly supported, the top surfaces of the first porous plate and the second porous plate are flush with the top surface of the box body, and the interior of the box body is divided into an overflow cavity, a sample seepage cavity and a buffer cavity from left to right; the size of the sample seepage area is 30cm multiplied by 20cm, the sample seepage cavity is filled with a sample soil body, the side of the second porous plate, which is in contact with the sample soil body, is paved with a screen 20 to prevent fine particles in the sample seepage cavity from entering a buffer area, and a gravel layer is paved in the buffer area, so that water flow can uniformly penetrate through the sample.
A water inlet 1 is arranged on the right side wall 2 of the box body, water flows into the buffer cavity from the water inlet 1, a water outlet 5 is arranged on the part of the bottom surface of the box body, which is positioned in the overflow cavity, and ball valves 13 are arranged on the water inlet 1 and the water outlet 5; a plurality of pressure measuring holes 10 are horizontally arranged on the rear side wall 14 of the box body at intervals, and pore water pressure sensors 15 are arranged in the pressure measuring holes 10;
the top edges of the right side wall 2, the front side wall 17 and the rear side wall 14 of the box body are respectively provided with outward flanges for mounting a top cover, wherein the flanges of the front side wall 17 and the rear side wall 14 horizontally extend leftwards from the right end of the box body to the position of an overflow cavity of the box body; the length of the top cover 11 is matched with the length of the flanges of the front side wall 17 and the rear side wall 14, the flanges and the top cover 11 are provided with bolt holes in one-to-one correspondence, the top cover 11 is connected with the box body through bolts, and the top cover 11 does not completely cover the top opening of the box body; the top cover 11 is made of transparent organic glass with the thickness of 15mm, a water stop gasket 12 is arranged on the assembly surface of the box body and the top cover 11, an exhaust hole 19 is formed in the top cover 11, and an exhaust valve is installed on the exhaust hole 19;
the upper part of the outer wall surface at the left side of the box body is provided with a water collecting and draining groove 8, and the water collecting and draining groove 8 is made of transparent organic glass. The top edge of the left side wall 6 of the box body is provided with a wave-shaped overflow groove which is sunken downwards; the side, close to each other, of the water collecting and draining groove 8 is the same wall with the side, close to each other, of the box body, and the water collecting and draining groove 8 is arranged on the outer wall surfaces of the front side wall, the rear side wall and the left side wall of the overflow cavity in a surrounding mode to receive liquid flowing out of the top of the overflow cavity; the tank bottom of the water collecting and draining tank 8 is provided with a plurality of free draining pipe openings 7, and the free draining pipe openings 7 are connected with draining pipes.
A test method of a coarse sand horizontal seepage model box comprises the following steps:
Before sample loading, the correct connection of all parts of a test system is confirmed, the leakage condition of all parts of a water supply path is confirmed to be avoided, the discharged air in the water meter and the electronic flowmeter is ensured, a layer of vaseline with the thickness of about 0.5mm is coated on the inner wall of the box body, and the phenomenon that water flow is concentrated along the side wall in the test process is avoided;
2.1 layered Loading
In the test, the mixed sample is divided into upper and lower 2 layers according to the preset compactness, each layer is 10cm thick, the upper and lower layers are arranged in a sample seepage cavity and compacted, and the interlayer is shaved; the sample is divided into 1 st to 3 rd layers from right to left along the seepage direction, the layers along the seepage direction are all 10cm, and the total length of a seepage path is 30 cm;
2.2 saturation of the sample
After the sample is loaded, the top cover is connected with the box body through a bolt to seal the upper part of the box body; closing a water outlet valve at the water outlet side of the bottom surface of the box body, opening a water inlet valve at the right side wall of the box body, opening an exhaust valve of a top cover at the same time, injecting water into the box at the speed of about 0.5L/min, gradually raising the water level in the sample from bottom to top, closing the exhaust valve of the top plate and temporarily supplying water after the water level completely submerges the sample, and standing for 12 hours for soaking saturation; the horizontal seepage is applied in stages by 0.1 hydraulic gradient increment at the initial stage, and after the hydraulic gradient reaches 2, the gradient increment of each stage is changed to 0.5-1;
Providing a hydraulic gradient through an external water supply, applying an upstream head in stages in hydraulic gradient increments of about 0.1, opening the water inlet, in order to achieve the stable seepage state of the soil body under the grade gradient, each grade of hydraulic gradient is maintained for more than 10min, when water overflows from the top of the overflow cavity of the box body, the water outlet is opened to discharge water until no water overflows from the top of the overflow cavity, and when the numerical value of the pore water pressure sensor reaches relatively stable under the action of hydraulic gradient at each stage in the test process, measuring and recording the flow difference of the water meter externally connected to the water inlet in the time period according to a time interval of 3min, if the average seepage velocity of the soil sample overflowing section obtained by measuring and calculating in the adjacent 2-time intervals is similar or the data of the flowmeter is stable, indicating that the seepage has reached a stable state, otherwise, continuously measuring and recording until the flow velocity is similar, recording the hole pressure value and the flow velocity value at the moment, and setting a high-resolution digital camera to record the soil sample state on the front surface of the box body under each level of gradient in the test process; if the fine particles flow out, properly prolonging the action time of the hydraulic gradient until no fine particles are lost under the hydraulic gradient; when the sample is found to have a large deformation tendency, namely, the sample is close to the critical hydraulic gradient, the increment of the hydraulic gradient is properly reduced; enabling the turbid effluent fluid to flow through a 200-mesh stainless steel filter bag to be subjected to solid-liquid separation so as to collect effluent particles, and recording the water temperature at a drain pipe in the test process;
When the flow velocity suddenly increases but the soil body can not continuously bear higher hydraulic gradient, sand gushing spring eyes continuously develop to the deep part or non-seepage cracks occur, the soil body of the sample is considered to reach a destruction state at the moment, the test is finished, a water outlet is opened to discharge the retained water in the sample, the left side and the right side of the sample are respectively sampled in 4 layers, and finally a soil sample in a box body is dug out to start to prepare for the next group of tests; after the test is finished, drying, weighing and screening the effluent particles in the sample and the filter belt, processing digital pictures of the sample at each stage by using ImageJ software, analyzing the development trend of cracks or pore channels in the deformation process of the sample, and analyzing the deformation trend of the soil body by using a Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technology.
The specific working principle is as follows:
the embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of implementations of the inventive concepts, and the scope of the invention should not be considered limited to the specific forms set forth in the embodiments, but rather the scope of the invention is intended to include equivalent technical means as would be understood by those skilled in the art from the inventive concepts.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a coarse grain sand level is to seepage flow mold box which characterized in that: the sample seepage device comprises a transparent box body with an opening at the top and a hollow interior, wherein a first porous plate and a second porous plate are sequentially arranged in the box body from left to right, the interior of the box body is divided into an overflow cavity, a sample seepage cavity and a buffer cavity, the first porous plate and the second porous plate are both parallel to the left side wall of the box body, and the top surfaces of the first porous plate and the second porous plate are flush with the top surface of the box body; the sample seepage cavity is filled with a sample soil body, and the buffer cavity is filled with gravels;
a water inlet for liquid to flow in is arranged on the right side wall of the box body, a water outlet is arranged on the part of the bottom surface of the box body, which is positioned in the overflow cavity, and ball valves are arranged on the water inlet and the water outlet; a plurality of pressure measuring holes are horizontally arranged on the rear side wall of the box body at intervals, and pore water pressure sensors are arranged in the pressure measuring holes;
the top edges of the right side wall, the front side wall and the rear side wall of the box body are respectively provided with outward flanges for mounting a top cover, wherein the flanges of the front side wall and the rear side wall horizontally extend leftwards from the right end of the box body to the position of an overflow cavity of the box body; the length of the top cover is matched with the length of the flanges of the front side wall and the rear side wall, the flanges and the top cover are provided with bolt holes which are in one-to-one correspondence, the top cover is connected with the box body through bolts, and the top cover does not completely cover the top opening of the box body; a water stop gasket is arranged on the assembly surface of the box body and the top cover, and the top cover is provided with an exhaust hole which is provided with an exhaust valve;
the upper part of the outer wall surface at the left side of the box body is provided with a water collecting and draining groove, and the top edge of the left side wall of the box body is provided with a wave-shaped overflow groove which is sunken downwards; the side, close to each other, of the water collecting and draining groove is on the same wall with the side, close to each other, of the box body, and the water collecting and draining groove is arranged on the outer wall surfaces of the front side wall, the rear side wall and the left side wall of the overflow cavity in a surrounding mode so as to receive liquid flowing out of the top of the overflow cavity; the tank bottom of the water collecting and draining tank is provided with a plurality of free water draining pipe orifices, and the free water draining pipe orifices are connected with water draining pipes.
2. The coarse sand horizontal seepage flow model box of claim 1, wherein: the box body, the top cover and the water collecting and draining groove are all made of transparent organic glass.
3. The coarse sand horizontal seepage flow model box of claim 1, wherein: and a screen used for preventing the sample from entering the buffer zone is arranged on one side of the second multi-hole plate close to the sample seepage cavity.
4. The coarse sand horizontal seepage flow model box of claim 1, wherein: the box is internally provided with a supporting strip used for fixing the first porous plate and the second porous plate.
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| CN202021226500.4U CN212459324U (en) | 2020-06-28 | 2020-06-28 | Coarse sand horizontal seepage model box |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113027431A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-06-25 | 东北石油大学 | Semi-sealed two-dimensional seepage model and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN116499934A (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-07-28 | 湖南大学 | Soil body particle loss and gas permeability test device and test method |
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2020
- 2020-06-28 CN CN202021226500.4U patent/CN212459324U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113027431A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-06-25 | 东北石油大学 | Semi-sealed two-dimensional seepage model and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113027431B (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-09-07 | 东北石油大学 | Semi-sealed two-dimensional seepage model and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN116499934A (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-07-28 | 湖南大学 | Soil body particle loss and gas permeability test device and test method |
| CN116499934B (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-09-22 | 湖南大学 | Soil body particle loss and gas permeability test device and test method |
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