CN212441927U - Electromagnetic underwater acoustic transducer based on gas spring - Google Patents
Electromagnetic underwater acoustic transducer based on gas spring Download PDFInfo
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- CN212441927U CN212441927U CN202021668887.9U CN202021668887U CN212441927U CN 212441927 U CN212441927 U CN 212441927U CN 202021668887 U CN202021668887 U CN 202021668887U CN 212441927 U CN212441927 U CN 212441927U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an electromagnetic underwater acoustic transducer based on a gas spring, which comprises a cylinder body, a radiation piece and a sealing piece, wherein the cylinder body, the radiation piece and the sealing piece form a watertight space; the armature and the magnetic conduction base are accommodated in the watertight space; a first driving coil and a second driving coil are respectively wound on the magnetic conduction base and the armature; the first driving coil and the second driving coil are powered by independent alternating current power supplies, so that the same or opposite magnetic poles can be generated at one end of the magnetic conduction base and one end of the armature, and the two components vibrate by electromagnetic repulsion or electromagnetic attraction; gas is filled between the magnetic conduction base and the armature to serve as a gas spring to balance hydrostatic pressure and provide rigidity required by vibration. The utility model discloses electromagnetic thrust is bigger, and the vibration range is bigger, realizes that little volume light weight produces high-power ultralow frequency sound wave output.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an electromagnetic type (become magnetic resistance formula) underwater acoustic transducer based on gas spring especially relates to a high-power electromagnetic type underwater acoustic transducer device of ultralow frequency for ocean exploration.
Background
Today's marine exploration relies primarily on sound waves, whose travel distance in the sea is closely related to frequency, the lower the frequency of the sound waves, the further they travel in the water. The working frequency of the low-frequency high-power underwater acoustic transducer taking the active material as the core is more than 300 Hz, the attenuation in water is large, and the energy transfer efficiency is low. For lower frequency applications (e.g., ultra-low frequency bands below 100 Hz), the size and weight of these transducers become very heavy and expensive. The moving coil type and explosion type ultra-low frequency sound sources have a series of problems of low power, weak radiation, instability, poor continuity and the like.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The to-be-solved problem of the utility model is to big, the power is little, the weak problem of radiation of traditional low frequency transducer size, provide an electromagnetic type underwater transducer based on gas spring.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a technical scheme is: an electromagnetic underwater acoustic transducer based on a gas spring comprises a cylinder, a sealing element and a radiation element, wherein the radiation element is connected with the inner wall surface of the cylinder in a sliding manner and can slide along the axial direction of the cylinder;
the watertight space is internally provided with an armature fixed on the radiation piece and a magnetic conduction base arranged opposite to the armature in the axial direction of the cylinder body;
a first driving coil is wound on the magnetic conduction base, and a second driving coil is wound on the armature;
alternating current is respectively conducted to the first driving coil and the second driving coil, so that the same or opposite magnetic poles are generated at one end of the magnetic conduction base close to the armature and at one end of the armature close to the magnetic conduction base;
and a gas spring is arranged between the magnetic conduction base and the armature iron and used for balancing hydrostatic pressure and providing rigidity.
Furthermore, an opening is formed in one end of the cylinder, the radiation piece is arranged at the opening position of one end of the cylinder, and the magnetic conduction base is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the other end, opposite to the radiation piece, of the cylinder.
Further, the barrel includes the relative weight that sets up with radiation, the fixed tube-shape casing that sets up on the weight, radiation is light metal material, the magnetic conduction base is fixed in on the weight, thereby weight, tube-shape casing, sealing member, radiation connect gradually and enclose the watertight space. The radiating member may be an aluminum alloy. The weight may be brass. By providing the radiating element as a lightweight metal material, the radiating element is made easier to reciprocate. Through setting up the weight piece for the barrel can be comparatively stable setting.
Further, the cylindrical shell comprises a first cylindrical structure fixedly arranged on the weight block and a second cylindrical structure fixedly arranged on the first cylindrical structure, the weight block, the first cylindrical structure, the second cylindrical structure, the sealing element and the radiation element are sequentially connected to enclose the watertight space, the inner diameter of the first cylindrical structure is smaller than that of the second cylindrical structure, and the inner cavity of the first cylindrical structure is communicated with the inner cavity of the second cylindrical structure;
the radiation piece is connected with the inner wall surface of the second cylindrical structure in a sliding manner;
the depth of the inner cavity of the second cylindrical structure in the axial direction of the cylinder body is larger than the thickness of the radiation piece in the axial direction of the cylinder body.
Through the arrangement, the radiation part only reciprocates in the second cylindrical structure, the slapping effect on the water surface is realized, the motion area of the radiation part can be limited, and the radiation part is prevented from being too close to the magnetic conduction base.
Furthermore, openings are formed in two ends of the cylinder, the radiation part comprises a first radiation part and a second radiation part which are respectively arranged at the openings in the two ends of the cylinder, and the first radiation part and the second radiation part are respectively connected with the inner wall surface of the cylinder in a sliding manner;
the second radiation piece and the first radiation piece can slide along the axis direction of the cylinder body;
the armature is fixed on the wall surface of the first radiation piece;
the magnetic conduction base is fixed on the wall surface of the second radiation piece.
Through the arrangement, the first radiation piece and the second radiation piece can move in a reciprocating mode, the slapping effect on the water surface is achieved, and the energy conversion effect is improved.
Further, the cylinder comprises a first cylindrical structure, a second cylindrical structure and a third cylindrical structure which are respectively positioned at two sides of the first cylindrical structure;
the inner diameters of the second cylindrical structure and the third cylindrical structure are larger than that of the first cylindrical structure, and the inner cavity of the second cylindrical structure, the inner cavity of the first cylindrical structure and the inner cavity of the third cylindrical structure are communicated with each other;
the second radiation piece, the third cylindrical structure, the first cylindrical structure, the second cylindrical structure and the first radiation piece are sequentially connected to enclose the watertight space;
the first radiation piece is connected with the inner wall surface of the second cylindrical structure in a sliding manner;
the second radiation piece is connected with the inner wall surface of the third cylindrical structure in a sliding manner;
the depth of the inner cavity of the second cylindrical structure in the axial direction of the cylinder body is larger than the thickness of the first radiation piece in the axial direction of the cylinder body;
the depth of the inner cavity of the third cylindrical structure in the axial direction of the cylinder body is larger than the thickness of the second radiation piece in the axial direction of the cylinder body.
Through the arrangement, the first radiation piece only reciprocates in the second tubular structure, and the second radiation piece only reciprocates in the third tubular structure, so that the slapping effect on the water surface is realized, the motion area of the radiation piece can be limited, and the radiation piece is prevented from being too close to the magnetic conduction base.
Further, the sealing element is an annular elastic sealing structure; the outer end face of the cylinder body and the outer end face of the radiation piece are fixedly connected with the annular elastic sealing structure respectively, or the inner wall face of the cylinder body and the outer end face of the radiation piece are fixedly connected with the annular elastic sealing structure respectively, or the outer end face of the cylinder body and the outer wall face of the radiation piece are fixedly connected with the annular elastic sealing structure respectively.
The applicant found that, in the research, the transducer needs to beat water, so the radiation member needs to move relative to the cylinder, and the radiation member and the cylinder are not easy to seal. Through setting up cyclic annular elastic sealing structure, because cyclic annular elastic sealing structure has elasticity for when radiation piece reciprocating motion, cyclic annular elastic sealing structure is flexible, still can keep the sealing performance of radiation piece and barrel.
Furthermore, the magnetic conduction base and the armature are both E-shaped structures;
the magnetic conduction base of the E-shaped structure is provided with a first bulge part positioned in the middle and second bulge parts positioned on two sides of the first bulge part, and the first driving coil is wound on the first bulge part of the magnetic conduction base;
the armature of the E-shaped structure is provided with a third convex part in the middle and fourth convex parts on two sides of the third convex part, and the second driving coil is wound on the third convex part of the armature;
and each convex part of the magnetic conduction base is opposite to each convex part of the armature.
Through setting up magnetic conduction base, armature into E shape structure for device stability is better, avoids making the device vibration because the electromagnetic force.
Furthermore, a gap sensor for measuring a gap between the magnetic conduction base and the armature is arranged on the magnetic conduction base or the armature.
Furthermore, a sensor for measuring the current flowing through the first drive coil is arranged on the magnetic conduction base, and a sensor for measuring the current flowing through the second drive coil is arranged on the armature.
Furthermore, the transducer also comprises a pressure regulating device which is used for filling compressed gas into the watertight space or extracting the compressed gas from the watertight space, and the pressure regulating device is arranged outside the cylinder body. The pressure regulating and controlling device can regulate the filled gas to balance hydrostatic pressure according to different working water depth requirements, and can also regulate the rigidity of the gas spring according to working frequency.
The utility model provides a high-power ultralow frequency electromagnetic type underwater acoustic transducer based on gas spring has adopted the electromagnetic vibration structure of constituteing by magnetic conduction base, armature, first drive coil, second drive coil to fill the gas in the watertight space and constitute gas spring, replace traditional physics spring. The electromagnetic repulsion and the attraction are generated under the action of the driving current, so that the armature vibrates at an initial balance position, the electromagnetic thrust is large, the vibration amplitude is large, and the small-size light-weight high-power ultralow frequency output is favorably realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive labor.
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic underwater acoustic transducer based on a gas spring with a single radiating element according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic underwater acoustic transducer based on a gas spring with dual radiating elements according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic underwater acoustic transducer driving structure based on a gas spring according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4(a) is an enlarged schematic view of portion A of FIG. 1;
fig. 4(B) is a schematic view of a portion B replacing the portion a in fig. 1 when the inner wall surface of the cylinder and the outer end surface of the radiation member are fixedly connected with the annular elastic sealing structure, respectively;
fig. 4(C) is a schematic view of a portion C replacing the portion a in fig. 1 when the outer end face of the cylinder and the outer wall face of the radiation member are fixedly connected with the annular elastic sealing structure, respectively;
fig. 5(a) and 5(b) are schematic diagrams of current waveforms respectively passing through the first driving coil and the second driving coil according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In the above drawings, 1-a magnetically conductive base, 2-a first driving coil, 3-a current sensor, 4-a weight, 5-a gap sensor, 6-an armature, 7-a second driving coil, 8-a radiating member, 81-a first radiating member, 82-a second radiating member, 121-a first cylindrical structure, 122-a second cylindrical structure, 123-a third cylindrical structure, 9-a gas spring, 10-a sealing member, 12-a cylindrical housing, 201-a first gap, 202-a second gap.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the utility model provides an electromagnetic type underwater acoustic transducer based on gas spring, including barrel, sealing member 10, with barrel internal face sliding connection and can follow the gliding radiation piece 8 of barrel axis direction, the outer terminal surface of barrel outer terminal surface, radiation piece 8 respectively with sealing member 10 fixed connection, barrel, sealing member 10, radiation piece 8 enclose into the watertight space to prevent the external rivers of transducer and flow into the clearance between barrel and the radiation piece 8. Preferably, the radiation member 8 is slidably contacted with the inner wall surface of the cylinder during the sliding.
The watertight space is internally provided with an armature 6 fixed on the wall surface of the radiation part 8 and a magnetic conduction base 1 arranged opposite to the armature 6 in the sliding direction of the cylinder axial line direction 8; a first driving coil 2 is wound on the magnetic conduction base 1, and a second driving coil 7 is wound on the armature 6;
alternating current is respectively conducted to the first driving coil 2 and the second driving coil 7, so that the end, close to the armature 6, of the magnetic conduction base 1 and the end, close to the magnetic conduction base 1, of the armature 6 generate the same or opposite magnetic poles. Preferably, the first driving coil 2 and the second driving coil 7 are respectively supplied with power by independent alternating current power supplies.
A gas spring 9 is arranged between the magnetic conduction base 1 and the armature 6. The gas spring 9 may preferably be an inert gas. The required gas density and other parameters can be calculated from the water depth and the required operating frequency using known techniques, as will be understood by those skilled in the art.
One end of the cylinder is provided with an opening, the radiation piece 8 is arranged at the opening position of one end of the cylinder, and the magnetic conduction base 1 is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the other end of the cylinder.
The barrel includes the relative weight 4 that sets up with radiation 8, the fixed tube-shape casing 12 that sets up on weight 4, and weight 4, radiation 8 are light metal material, and magnetic conduction base 1 is fixed in on weight 4, thereby weight 4, tube-shape casing 12, sealing member 10, radiation 8 connect gradually and enclose into the watertight space.
The cylindrical shell 12 comprises a first cylindrical structure 121 fixedly arranged on a weight block 4 and a second cylindrical structure 122 arranged on the first cylindrical structure 121, the weight block 4, the first cylindrical structure 121, the second cylindrical structure 122, a sealing element 10 and a radiation piece 8 are sequentially connected to form a watertight space, the inner diameter of the first cylindrical structure 121 is smaller than that of the second cylindrical structure 122, the inner cavity of the first cylindrical structure 121 is mutually communicated with that of the second cylindrical structure 122, and the first cylindrical structure 121, the second cylindrical structure 122 and the radiation piece 8 are sequentially connected to form a watertight space.
In fig. 1, the first gap 201 is a gap in the inner cavity of the second cylindrical structure 122.
The radiation member 8 is slidably connected with the inner wall surface of the second cylindrical structure 122;
in the sliding direction of the radiation member 8, the depth dimension of the inner cavity of the second cylindrical structure 122 in the cylinder axis direction is larger than the thickness dimension of the radiation member 8 in the cylinder axis direction.
The sealing member 10 is an annular elastic sealing structure. The annular elastic sealing structure may be annular rubber. The annular elastic sealing structure is arranged along an annular seam between the cylinder and the radiator 8.
As shown in fig. 4(a), the outer end face of the cylinder and the outer end face of the radiant member 8 are respectively connected with an annular elastic sealing structure. The outer end face of the cylinder body and the outer end face of the radiation piece 8 are end faces deviating from the watertight space. The portion of the outer end face of the cylinder near the seam and/or the portion of the outer end face of the radiant element 8 near the seam may not be secured with the annular resilient sealing structure. This is arranged so that the portion of the annular resilient sealing structure near the seam can flex as the radiator 8 moves, thereby allowing the radiator 8 a large space for movement. In this embodiment, the ring-shaped rubber is fixedly disposed on the outer end surface of the second cylindrical structure 122. The part between the M1 point and the M3 point of the outer end surface of the second cylindrical structure 122 close to the M1 point, the part between the M1 point and the M4 point of the outer end surface of the radiant element 8 close to the M1 point are fixed with the annular rubber, the part between the M2 point and the M3 point of the outer end surface of the second cylindrical structure 122 far away from the M1 point and the part between the M4 point and the M5 point of the outer end surface of the radiant element 8 far away from the M1 point are respectively and fixedly connected with the annular rubber, and the part of the annular rubber between the M3 point and the M4 point can be freely stretched and contracted without being limited, so that the radiant element 8 can have large movement displacement in the cylinder axial direction.
As shown in fig. 4(b), the inner wall surface of the cylinder and the outer end surface of the radiation member 8 are fixedly connected to the annular elastic sealing structure. A portion corresponding to the portion a below the paper surface in fig. 1 is also replaced with a portion B in fig. 4(B), and other portions can refer to fig. 1. The portion of the inner wall surface of the cylinder body near the seam M1 may not be fixed to the annular elastic seal structure. Preferably, the portion of the outer end face of the radiant element 8 close to the seam may not be fixed with the annular elastic sealing structure. This is arranged so that the portion of the annular resilient sealing structure near the seam can flex as the radiator 8 moves, thereby allowing the radiator 8 a large space for movement.
As shown in fig. 4(c), the outer end face of the cylinder and the outer wall face of the radiation member 8 are fixedly connected to the annular elastic sealing structure, respectively. The portion corresponding to the portion a below the paper surface in fig. 1 is also replaced with a portion C in fig. 4(C), and other portions can refer to fig. 1. The portion of the outer wall surface of the radiator 8 near the seam M1 may not be fixed with the annular elastic sealing structure. Preferably, the portion of the outer end face of the cartridge body adjacent the seam may not be secured with the annular resilient seal structure. This is arranged so that the portion of the annular resilient sealing structure near the seam can flex as the radiator 8 moves, thereby allowing the radiator 8 a large space for movement.
The magnetic conduction base 1 and the armature 6 are both E-shaped structures. The opening of the magnetic conductive base 1 of the E-shaped structure is arranged towards the opening of the armature 6 of the E-shaped structure.
The magnetic conduction base 1 of the E-shaped structure is provided with a first bulge part positioned in the middle and second bulge parts positioned on two sides of the first bulge part, and the first driving coil 2 is wound on the first bulge part of the magnetic conduction base 1;
the armature 6 of the E-shaped structure is provided with a third convex part positioned in the middle and fourth convex parts positioned on two sides of the third convex part, and the second driving coil 7 is wound on the third convex part of the armature 6;
the convex parts of the magnetic conduction base 1 and the convex parts of the armature 6 are respectively arranged oppositely.
A gap sensor 5 for measuring the gap between the magnetic conduction base 1 and the armature 6 is arranged on the magnetic conduction base 1 or the armature 6;
the magnetically conductive base 1 is provided with a sensor 3 for measuring the current flowing through the first drive coil 2, and/or the armature 6 is provided with a sensor 3 for measuring the current flowing through the second drive coil 7.
The underwater acoustic transducer also comprises a pressure regulating and controlling device which is used for filling compressed gas into the watertight space or extracting the compressed gas from the watertight space, the pressure regulating and controlling device is arranged outside the cylinder body, the pressure regulating and controlling device can regulate the filled gas according to different working water depth requirements so as to balance hydrostatic pressure, and meanwhile, the rigidity of the gas spring can also be regulated according to working frequency. The pressure regulating device can be communicated with the inner cavity of the cylinder body through a connecting pipeline penetrating through the wall surface of the cylinder body. A waterproof sealing structure can be arranged around the connecting position of the connecting pipeline and the wall surface of the cylinder body. The pressure regulating device can be an air charging and discharging device such as an air pump, and can be understood by the technical personnel in the field.
In the present application, the pressure regulating means are not shown in the figures, as can be understood by a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 2 shows another embodiment of an electromagnetic underwater acoustic transducer, two ends of a cylinder are provided with openings, a radiation member 8 includes a first radiation member 81 and a second radiation member 82 respectively disposed at the openings of the two ends of the cylinder, and the first radiation member 81 and the second radiation member 82 are respectively connected with an inner wall surface of the cylinder in a sliding manner. The second radiation member 82, the cylinder, the first radiation member 81 and the sealing member 10 enclose the watertight space. The first radiation member 81 and the cylinder body, and the second radiation member 82 and the cylinder body are all connected in a sealing way through the sealing member 10.
The sliding direction of the second radiation piece 82 and the sliding direction of the first radiation piece 81 which can slide along the axial direction of the cylinder are positioned on the same straight line;
the armature 6 is fixed to the wall surface of the first radiating element 81;
the magnetically conductive base 1 is fixed to the wall surface of the second radiation member 82.
The cylinder comprises a first cylindrical structure 121, a second cylindrical structure 122 and a third cylindrical structure 123 which are respectively positioned at two sides of the first cylindrical structure 121;
the inner diameters of the second cylindrical structure 122 and the third cylindrical structure 123 are both larger than the inner diameter of the first cylindrical structure 121, and the inner cavity of the second cylindrical structure 122, the inner cavity of the first cylindrical structure 121 and the inner cavity of the third cylindrical structure 123 are communicated with each other;
the second radiation piece 82, the third cylindrical structure 123, the first cylindrical structure 121, the second cylindrical structure 122 and the first radiation piece 81 are sequentially connected to form a watertight space;
the first radiation member 81 is slidably connected to the inner wall surface of the second cylindrical structure 122;
the second radiation member 82 is slidably connected to the inner wall surface of the third cylindrical structure 123;
in the sliding direction of the first radiation surface 81, the depth dimension of the inner cavity of the second cylindrical structure 122 in the cylinder axis direction is larger than the thickness of the first radiation member 81 in the cylinder axis direction;
in the sliding direction of the second radiation surface 82, the depth dimension of the inner cavity of the third cylindrical structure 123 in the cylinder axis direction is larger than the thickness of the second radiation member 82 in the cylinder axis direction.
The first radiation member 81 and the second cylindrical structure 122, and the second radiation member 82 and the third cylindrical structure 123 are all connected in a sealing manner through the sealing member 10.
In fig. 2, the first gap 201 and the second gap 202 are gaps in the inner cavities of the second cylindrical structure 122 and the third cylindrical structure 123, respectively.
The whole structure of the transducer can be arranged under the water surface and can also be arranged under different water depths to emit sound waves. The transducer can be moved underwater in cooperation with other devices or fixed at a position underwater. The axis of the cylinder may be in a vertical direction, e.g. the radiating member 8 is above the weight 4 and the radiating member 8 reciprocates in a vertical direction, slapping the body of water above the transducer, or the radiating member 8 is above the weight 4 and reciprocates in a vertical direction, slapping the body of water below the transducer. The axis of the cylinder may also be in a horizontal direction, for example, with the radiating member 8 on the side of the weight 4 and the radiating member 8 reciprocating in a horizontal direction, slapping against the body of water on the side of the transducer.
In the following embodiments, the example in which the radiation member 8 is located above the weight 4 will be described.
The utility model provides an electromagnetic type underwater transducer based on gas spring is provided with drive structure and oscillator structure inside the casing to pack gas in the watertight space of inside, act as gas spring.
Under the combined action of electromagnetic force, gas spring and hydrostatic pressure, the oscillator structure vibrates in a reciprocating manner near the balance position, sound waves are radiated outwards, the gas spring is adopted to replace a physical spring, the requirements of different working water depths and working frequencies can be met, and the service life under extreme conditions is prolonged.
The housing includes a bottom weight 4 and a cylindrical housing 12. The weight 4 may be made of brass. The cylindrical housing 12 may be made of stainless steel and the housing 12 is fixedly mounted on a weight to form a closed housing.
The driving structure comprises a magnetic conduction base 1 and a first driving coil 2 arranged on the magnetic conduction base 1. The first driving coil 2 may be wound of a high-temperature enamel wire.
The magnetic conduction base 1 is also provided with a current sensor 3 for measuring the current flowing through the first driving coil 2; the current sensor 3 for the current is used to better monitor the transducer operation.
The upper part of the magnetic conduction base 1 is opposite to the armature 6, and the armature 6 and the radiation piece 8 are always in the state of being opposite to the magnetic conduction base 1. The magnetic conduction base 1 can be made by silicon steel sheets in an overlapping way. Preferably, the silicon steel sheet is an E-shaped silicon steel sheet. The silicon steel sheet can inhibit eddy current and reduce energy loss; the magnetic conduction base 1 is an E-shaped structure, the E-shaped structure is provided with a first protruding part located in the middle and second protruding parts located on two sides of the first protruding part, and the first driving coil 2 is wound on the first protruding part.
A cushion block can be arranged between the radiation piece 8 and the inner wall surface of the cylinder body, and the cushion block can be detachably connected with the inner wall surface of the cylinder body. The cushion block can be detachably connected with the inner wall surface of the cylinder body through a fastener, and the fastener can be arranged between the radiation piece 8 and the inner wall surface of the cylinder body and does not interfere with the sliding of the radiation piece 8. For example, a groove may be formed in the inner wall surface of the cylinder, the pad has a protruding portion extending into the groove and a guiding portion in sliding contact with the radiation member 8, the protruding portion is disposed on the guiding portion, and the guiding portion may be made of a material with a small friction force, so as to reduce the influence on the sliding of the radiation member 8 as much as possible, as can be understood by those skilled in the art. The fastener is arranged along the axis of the cylinder body, penetrates through the convex part of the cushion block and is installed in the installation hole formed in the side wall of the groove. The guide parts can be symmetrically arranged on two sides of the radiation part 8, so that the armature 6 and the radiation part 8 are always in a state of being over against the magnetic conduction base 1.
The vibrator structure comprises an armature 6 and a radiating element 8. The armature 6 is tightly fixed at the inner side of the radiation piece 8 to form a vibrator structure. The armature 6 is fixed to the radiator 8.
A gap sensor 5 for measuring the distance between the armature 6 and the magnetically conductive base 1 is arranged on the armature 6. The armature 6 is provided with a second driving coil 7; the second driving coil 7 is wound around the first convex portion of the armature 6. The second driving coil 7 may be wound of a high-temperature enamel wire. The armature 6 and the magnetic conduction base 1 are symmetrical up and down about the center line of the air gap. The armature 6 is the same as the magnetic conduction base 1 in shape and is of an E-shaped structure; the armature 6 and the magnetic conduction base 1 can be made of the same material and are made of silicon steel sheets in an overlapping mode.
A seal 10 is arranged symmetrically between the radiator 8 and the housing 12. The seal 10 may employ thin layers of rubber 13 and 14 that seal against water. The radiating element 8 may be made of an aluminium alloy. The seal 10 seals against the radiator and the housing surface and acts as a watertight seal without affecting the vibration of the radiator 8.
The current sensor 3 and the gap sensor 5 facilitate better monitoring of the working conditions of the transducer.
As shown in fig. 2, a weight 4 of a double-sided radiation electromagnetic underwater acoustic transducer is replaced by a weight identical to that of a radiation element 8, so as to form a new radiation element. And the other side of the buffer weight is provided with an electromagnetic underwater acoustic transducer with the same structure so as to realize the electromagnetic underwater acoustic transducer with double-sided radiation.
The electromagnetic underwater acoustic transducer with double-sided radiation takes the center line of an air gap as a center shaft, and the structures on two sides are completely consistent and symmetrically distributed. The structure of the single radiation piece is different from that of the double radiation piece, and the working principle is the same.
The utility model discloses an among the transducer, set up current sensor and gap sensor and help the stable use of transducer. The transducer is also provided with a weight 4, a shell 12, a magnetic conduction base 1, a first driving coil 2, a current sensor 3, an armature 6, a second driving coil 7, a radiation piece 8, a gap sensor 5, a gas spring 9 and a sealing piece 10.
The utility model provides a high-power ultralow frequency electromagnetic type underwater acoustic transducer based on gas spring adopts gas spring to replace the physics spring, has avoided the energy storage of physics spring, adopts electromagnetic force drive radiation sound wave. The utility model discloses a realize the powerful big suitable electroacoustic transduction of ultralow frequency and equip an important means, solved the powerful realization of ultralow frequency sound source and the contradiction between volume weight is huge, adopt the drive of electromagnetic type drive assembly as the sound source based on gas spring. The electromagnetic underwater acoustic transducer based on the gas spring has the advantages of large electromagnetic force, large vibration displacement, large power, small volume, light weight, low resonant frequency, simple structure, low manufacturing cost, easy popularization and the like, and is an important way for realizing ultra-low frequency and high power applicable electroacoustic transduction equipment. The schematic structure of the driving assembly of the electromagnetic underwater acoustic transducer based on the gas spring is shown in fig. 3, the electromagnetic driving assembly generates a magnetic field under the excitation of a driving current, the armature also generates a magnetic field under the excitation of a second driving coil which is electrified with the driving current, and the magnetic poles of the driving assembly and the magnetic pole of the armature on the convex part can be the same (shown in fig. 3) or opposite (not shown), so that electromagnetic repulsion and attraction are generated. When the magnetic poles are the same, the excitation component and the radiation component respectively use air as a magnetic conduction medium to form a closed magnetic circuit, or when the magnetic poles are opposite, the excitation component and the radiation component form a loop through gap excitation and coupling, the vibration of the radiation component is realized by controlling the driving current in the first driving coil and the second driving coil, and the radiation component slaps the water surface to emit sound waves. The electromagnetic force and pressure regulation gas replace a physical spring to play a certain supporting role to balance hydrostatic pressure to realize a gap meeting the vibration requirement, and then the driving current is controlled to change the electromagnetic force so that the armature is driven by the electromagnetic force to vibrate back and forth at a balance position.
The utility model discloses to be based on gas spring's electromagnetic type drive as the core that the transducer arouses the vibration, provide a powerful electromagnetic type underwater transducer based on gas spring who is used for the ultralow frequency of underwater. The transducer is shown in figure 1.
The utility model provides an electromagnetic type drive assembly based on gas spring can arrange different transducer structures and make polytype electromagnetic type underwater acoustic transducer based on gas spring in order to adapt to different demands, has universal relevance nature. According to the electromagnetic underwater acoustic transducer based on the gas spring, an armature in a driving assembly and a radiation piece are connected together to form a radiation head assembly, the radiation piece is designed into a disc shape, driving current is introduced into a first driving coil and a second driving coil to generate a magnetic field, balance and reciprocating vibration of the armature at a certain height gap are achieved, and then the disc-shaped radiation piece is driven by a mechanical structure to flap the water surface to emit sound waves.
The utility model discloses an electromagnetic type oscillator based on gas spring that comprises magnetic conduction base, armature, first drive coil, second drive coil produces the electromagnetic force under the drive current effect and promotes armature and vibrate at balanced position, and its electromagnetic thrust is big, and the vibration range is big, can design into the high-power efficient transducer, realizes that little volume light weight produces high-power ultralow frequency output.
In the technical scheme, the first driving coil 2 and the second driving coil 7 are respectively powered by independent alternating power supplies, so that the same magnetic pole or opposite magnetic poles can be generated at one end of the magnetic conduction base close to the armature and at one end of the armature close to the magnetic conduction base, and the two components vibrate by electromagnetic repulsion or attraction; and a gas spring is arranged between the magnetic conduction base and the armature iron and used for balancing hydrostatic pressure and providing rigidity required by vibration.
As shown in fig. 5(a) and 5(b), in the former vibration period (0 to T/2), the directions of currents passing through the first driving coil 2 and the second driving coil 7 are the same, so that electromagnetic repulsion is generated to push the armature to move from the initial equilibrium position, and in the latter vibration period (T/2 to T), the directions of currents passing through the first driving coil 2 and the second driving coil 7 are opposite, so that the armature is pulled back to the equilibrium position mainly by means of electromagnetic attraction. The core of the method is that pressure regulating gas is adopted to replace a physical spring to balance hydrostatic pressure to generate a gap meeting the vibration requirement and rigidity required by a system, and then driving current is controlled to enable the armature to be driven by electromagnetic force to vibrate back and forth at a balance position.
The utility model provides a high-power electromagnetic type underwater acoustic transducer drive assembly based on gas spring of ultralow frequency has a series of advantages:
1. the electromagnetic force is used for realizing the electro-acoustic conversion, the relationship of electromagnetic (variable reluctance) current and output electromagnetic force frequency multiplication is utilized, the electromagnetic force is large, the vibration displacement is large, and the high-power ultralow frequency emission of the underwater acoustic transducer is easy to realize.
2. The electro-acoustic conversion is realized by adopting electromagnetic force, and the volume and the weight of the transducer can be greatly reduced in a low-frequency band, so that the cost is reduced, and the operation is easy.
3. The gas spring is adopted to replace a physical spring in the traditional electromagnetic transducer, so that the energy storage effect of the physical spring is avoided, the energy utilization rate is high, and the efficiency is higher.
4. The utility model discloses a gas spring replace the physics spring in traditional electromagnetic type transducer, reduce and maintain for the life of transducer improves greatly under the extreme condition.
5. The utility model discloses a gas spring can adjust according to the operating water depth of difference and different operating frequency, and application range is more extensive.
6. The utility model discloses a E shape magnetic conduction base, the vibration that the base probably appears when having avoided the drive, the structure is more stable.
The utility model provides an electromagnetic type drive assembly based on gas spring is shown in figure 1, including excitation coil assembly, armature, second drive coil, E shape base and gas spring. The magnetic conduction base and the armature generate magnetic fields under the excitation of current, and air is respectively used as a magnetic conduction medium to form a closed magnetic circuit. Electromagnetic force and pressure regulation gas replace a physical spring to play a certain supporting role to meet the gap of the vibration requirement, and then the driving current is controlled to enable the armature to be driven by the electromagnetic force to vibrate back and forth at the balance position.
The balance and vibration of the radiation part assembly are realized by controlling the current in the first driving coil and the second driving coil, and sound waves are emitted by slapping the water surface.
The E-shaped base and the E-shaped armature are made of silicon steel sheets with high magnetic permeability in an overlapping mode, a closed magnetic circuit is easily formed due to the high magnetic permeability, eddy currents can be restrained by the silicon steel sheets, and energy loss is reduced. The base, the armature and the air gap form a closed magnetic circuit respectively. The driving coil is formed by winding a high-temperature enameled wire and is fixedly arranged in the middle of the E-shaped base. The second driving coil is also formed by winding a high-temperature enameled wire and is fixedly arranged in the middle of the E-shaped armature. The first driving coil 2 and the second driving coil 7 are respectively powered by independent alternating current power supplies, so that the same magnetic pole or opposite magnetic poles can be generated at one end of the magnetic conduction base close to the armature and at one end of the armature close to the magnetic conduction base, and the two components vibrate by electromagnetic repulsion or attraction; and a gas spring is arranged between the magnetic conduction base and the armature, so that the rigidity required by vibration is provided. In the front-section vibration period, the driving current is controlled to generate electromagnetic repulsion force and push the armature to move at an initial balance position together with the thrust of the gas spring, and in the rear-section vibration period, the armature is pulled back to the balance position mainly by means of electromagnetic attraction. The core of the method is that pressure regulation gas is adopted to replace a physical spring to generate a gap meeting the vibration requirement and rigidity required by a system, and then driving current is controlled to enable the armature to be driven by electromagnetic force to vibrate back and forth at a balance position.
The utility model discloses a drive structure includes two E shape magnetic conduction structures, two coils. Based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, alternating current is supplied to a coil wound on the magnetic conduction structures, and electromagnetic repulsion force or attraction force is generated between the two E-shaped magnetic conduction structures. The E-shaped magnetic conduction structures are embedded on the weight blocks at two ends, the two E-shaped magnetic conduction structures and the two radiators are combined together to form a double-radiator structure, and the transducer structure is bilaterally symmetrical; increasing the mass of the radiation piece at one end to form a single radiation piece structure; the radiation piece is aluminum alloy. A magnetic conduction base 1 consisting of an E-shaped magnetic conduction structure is embedded into the inner side of the second radiation piece 82, and a current sensor for measuring the current of the coil is arranged on the magnetic conduction base; be provided with the clearance sensor that is used for measuring the distance between magnetic conduction base and the radiation piece on the radiation piece, current sensor and clearance sensor help the stable use of transducer. Gas is filled in a watertight space formed by the radiation piece, the E-shaped magnetic conduction structure and the transducer shell to form a gas spring 9, the traditional physical spring is replaced, and the gas spring and the electromagnetic force and the external water pressure generated under the action of the driving current act together, so that the armature formed by the E-shaped magnetic conduction structure vibrates back and forth at the initial balance position. Compared with the traditional physical spring, the gas spring has small equivalent stiffness, is easy to generate ultralow frequency resonance, is beneficial to reducing the volume and weight of the transducer, improving the energy conversion efficiency of electromagnetic machine sound, enhancing the stability of the electromagnetic underwater acoustic transducer and obviously prolonging the service life under extreme conditions.
The power supply wire of the induction coil can be led out from a through hole arranged on the side surface of the cylinder, and the position where the power supply wire is led out can be sealed by using a sealing piece commonly used in the field. The air spring has a supporting function, can effectively increase the stability of the system and prevent the system from collapsing due to overlarge electromagnetic force. The initial air gap can be maintained by the combined action of the air spring and the electromagnetic force. The alternating magnetic field drives the radiation piece to generate reciprocating vibration, but the reciprocating vibration needs to be maintained by the elasticity of the air spring, so that the stability of the system is improved, and the deadlocking or collapse is prevented.
It should be noted that, in the present specification, the embodiments are all described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the present invention is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not to be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention should be covered by the present patent. After reading the present invention, modifications of various equivalent forms of the invention by those skilled in the art will fall within the scope of the appended claims. In the case of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.
Claims (10)
1. The electromagnetic underwater acoustic transducer based on the gas spring is characterized by comprising a cylinder, a sealing element (10) and a radiation element (8) which is connected with the inner wall surface of the cylinder in a sliding manner and can slide along the axial direction of the cylinder, wherein the cylinder and the radiation element (8) are respectively fixedly connected with the sealing element (10), and a watertight space is enclosed by the cylinder, the sealing element (10) and the radiation element (8);
the watertight space is internally provided with an armature (6) fixed on the radiation piece (8) and a magnetic conduction base (1) arranged opposite to the armature (6) in the axial direction of the cylinder body;
a first driving coil (2) is wound on the magnetic conduction base (1), and a second driving coil (7) is wound on the armature (6);
alternating current is respectively conducted to the first driving coil (2) and the second driving coil (7), so that the same or opposite magnetic poles are generated at one end of the magnetic conduction base (1) close to the armature (6) and at one end of the armature (6) close to the magnetic conduction base (1);
and a gas spring (9) is arranged between the magnetic conduction base (1) and the armature (6).
2. The electromagnetic underwater acoustic transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylinder has an opening at one end, the radiator (8) is disposed at the opening of one end of the cylinder, and the magnetically conductive base (1) is fixed to the inner bottom surface of the other end of the cylinder opposite to the radiator (8).
3. The electromagnetic underwater acoustic transducer according to claim 2, wherein the cylinder includes a weight (4) opposite to the radiation member (8), and a cylindrical housing (12) fixedly disposed on the weight (4), the radiation member (8) is made of a light metal material, the magnetic conductive base (1) is fixed on the weight (4), and the weight (4), the cylindrical housing (12), the sealing member (10), and the radiation member (8) are sequentially connected to enclose the watertight space.
4. The electromagnetic underwater acoustic transducer according to claim 3, characterized in that the cylindrical housing (12) comprises a first cylindrical structure (121) fixedly arranged on the weight (4) and a second cylindrical structure (122) arranged on the first cylindrical structure (121), the weight (4), the first cylindrical structure (121), the second cylindrical structure (122), the sealing member (10) and the radiating member (8) are connected in sequence to form the watertight space, the inner diameter of the first cylindrical structure (121) is smaller than that of the second cylindrical structure (122), and the inner cavity of the first cylindrical structure (121) and the inner cavity of the second cylindrical structure (122) are communicated with each other; the radiation piece (8) is connected with the inner wall surface of the second cylindrical structure (122) in a sliding way; the depth of the inner cavity of the second cylindrical structure (122) in the cylinder axis direction is larger than the thickness of the radiation part (8) in the cylinder axis direction.
5. The electromagnetic underwater acoustic transducer according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder has openings at two ends, the radiator (8) includes a first radiator (81) and a second radiator (82) respectively disposed at the openings at two ends of the cylinder, and the first radiator (81) and the second radiator (82) are respectively connected with the inner wall of the cylinder in a sliding manner;
the second radiant part (82) and the first radiant part (81) can slide along the axial direction of the cylinder body;
the armature (6) is fixed on the wall surface of the first radiation piece (81);
the magnetic conduction base (1) is fixed on the wall surface of the second radiation piece (82).
6. The electromagnetic underwater acoustic transducer of claim 5, characterized in that said cylinder comprises a first cylindrical structure (121), a second cylindrical structure (122) and a third cylindrical structure (123) respectively located on both sides of the first cylindrical structure (121);
the inner diameters of the second cylindrical structure (122) and the third cylindrical structure (123) are larger than the inner diameter of the first cylindrical structure (121), and the inner cavity of the second cylindrical structure (122), the inner cavity of the first cylindrical structure (121) and the inner cavity of the third cylindrical structure (123) are communicated with each other;
the second radiation piece (82), the third cylindrical structure (123), the first cylindrical structure (121), the second cylindrical structure (122) and the first radiation piece (81) are sequentially connected to enclose the watertight space;
the first radiation piece (81) is connected with the inner wall surface of the second cylindrical structure (122) in a sliding mode;
the second radiation piece (82) is connected with the inner wall surface of the third cylindrical structure (123) in a sliding mode;
the depth of the inner cavity of the second cylindrical structure (122) in the cylinder axis direction is larger than the thickness of the first radiation piece (81) in the cylinder axis direction;
the depth of the inner cavity of the third cylindrical structure (123) in the cylinder axis direction is larger than the thickness of the second radiation part (82) in the cylinder axis direction.
7. The electromagnetic underwater acoustic transducer according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said seal (10) is an annular elastic sealing structure;
the outer end face of the cylinder body and the outer end face of the radiation piece (8) are fixedly connected with the annular elastic sealing structure respectively, or the inner wall face of the cylinder body and the outer end face of the radiation piece (8) are fixedly connected with the annular elastic sealing structure respectively, or the outer end face of the cylinder body and the outer wall face of the radiation piece (8) are fixedly connected with the annular elastic sealing structure respectively.
8. The electromagnetic underwater acoustic transducer according to any of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said magnetically conductive base (1) and said armature (6) are both E-shaped structures;
the magnetic conduction base (1) of the E-shaped structure is provided with a first protruding part positioned in the middle and second protruding parts positioned on two sides of the first protruding part, and the first driving coil (2) is wound on the first protruding part of the magnetic conduction base (1);
the armature (6) of the E-shaped structure is provided with a third convex part in the middle and fourth convex parts on two sides of the third convex part, and the second driving coil (7) is wound on the third convex part of the armature (6);
and each convex part of the magnetic conduction base (1) and each convex part of the armature iron (6) are respectively arranged oppositely.
9. The electromagnetic underwater acoustic transducer according to any of the claims from 1 to 6, characterized in that said magnetically conductive base (1) or armature (6) is provided with a gap sensor (5) for measuring the gap between the magnetically conductive base (1) and the armature (6);
the magnetic conduction base (1) is provided with a sensor (3) for measuring current flowing through the first driving coil (2), and the armature (6) is provided with a sensor (3) for measuring current flowing through the second driving coil (7).
10. The electromagnetic underwater acoustic transducer according to any of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a pressure regulating device for filling or extracting compressed gas from the watertight space, said pressure regulating device being disposed outside the cylinder.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202021668887.9U CN212441927U (en) | 2020-08-12 | 2020-08-12 | Electromagnetic underwater acoustic transducer based on gas spring |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111822315A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-10-27 | 湖南大学 | Electromagnetic underwater acoustic transducer based on gas spring and control method |
| CN112901721A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-04 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Electromagnetic automatic balancing head driving method |
-
2020
- 2020-08-12 CN CN202021668887.9U patent/CN212441927U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111822315A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-10-27 | 湖南大学 | Electromagnetic underwater acoustic transducer based on gas spring and control method |
| CN112901721A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-04 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Electromagnetic automatic balancing head driving method |
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