CN212441930U - Displacement amplification type magnetostrictive transducer - Google Patents
Displacement amplification type magnetostrictive transducer Download PDFInfo
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- CN212441930U CN212441930U CN202021443673.1U CN202021443673U CN212441930U CN 212441930 U CN212441930 U CN 212441930U CN 202021443673 U CN202021443673 U CN 202021443673U CN 212441930 U CN212441930 U CN 212441930U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a displacement amplification type magnetostrictive transducer, which comprises a transducer shell, a magnetostrictive structure and a driving coil, wherein the transducer shell comprises a cylinder body, a first radiation surface and a second radiation surface, and the first radiation surface and the second radiation surface are both connected with the cylinder body through elastic sealing materials; one end and the other end of the magnetostrictive structure are fixedly connected with a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate respectively; two end parts of one side and two end parts of the other side of the first scissor-fork type structure are correspondingly hinged with the first connecting plate and the first radiation surface respectively; two end parts of one side and two end parts of the other side of the second scissor-fork type structure are correspondingly hinged with the second connecting plate and the second radiation surface respectively; when the driving coil is electrified with current, the magnetostrictive structure vibrates in the length direction of the transducer, so that the first scissor-fork type structure and the second scissor-fork type structure stretch in the length direction of the transducer, and the first radiation surface and the second radiation surface vibrate in the length direction of the transducer.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a displacement amplification formula magnetostrictive transducer especially relates to a high-power giant magnetostrictive transducer of low frequency for ocean exploration.
Background
To date, acoustic waves are the only energy carrier known to man that can propagate at great distances in the ocean. As an electroacoustic transducer capable of emitting sound waves, the electroacoustic transducer has very important application value in civil fields such as marine geological landform detection, seabed resource development and the like, and military fields such as underwater target detection, underwater acoustic communication and the like.
The acoustic wave is used as a mechanical wave, the attenuation of energy transmitted in water is small (the attenuation rate is one thousandth of the electromagnetic wave), the transmission distance is long, the lower the frequency of the acoustic wave is, the smaller the energy loss caused by the absorption effect in the transmission process is, the transmission range can extend from hundreds of meters to thousands of kilometers, and the acoustic wave is more suitable for applications such as remote underwater detection, communication and navigation. Therefore, the development of low-frequency high-power transducers is particularly important. There are many low-frequency high-power electroacoustic transducers, and electromagnetic transducers, giant magnetostrictive transducers, electrodynamic transducers, hydraulic transducers, and the like are common. The giant magnetostrictive transducer has the advantages of high electromechanical conversion efficiency, high response speed, high power density and the like, and is widely applied to a plurality of micro-displacement driving aspects such as an underwater acoustic transducer technology, an electroacoustic transducer technology, a vibration damping and anti-vibration system, a noise reduction and anti-noise system and the like of sonar. Although the output force of the giant magnetostrictive transducer can be large, the displacement generated by the giant magnetostrictive rod is usually in the micrometer range, so that the application of the giant magnetostrictive transducer in occasions requiring high response frequency, large output force and large displacement output is limited.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The to-be-solved problem of the utility model is to the problem that traditional transducer power is little, the radiation is weak, a displacement amplification formula magnetostrictive transducer is provided.
The utility model provides a displacement amplification type magnetostrictive transducer, which comprises a transducer shell with a closed inner cavity, a magnetostrictive structure extending in the length direction of the transducer, and a driving coil wound on the magnetostrictive structure, wherein the magnetostrictive structure and the driving coil are both arranged in the closed inner cavity;
the transducer shell comprises a cylinder body, a first radiation surface and a second radiation surface, wherein the cylinder body is arranged along the length direction of the transducer and is provided with openings at two ends, the first radiation surface and the second radiation surface are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the transducer and are respectively positioned at the openings at two ends of the cylinder body, and the first radiation surface and the second radiation surface are both connected with the cylinder body through elastic sealing materials;
the cylinder, the first radiation surface, the second radiation surface and the elastic sealing material enclose the closed inner cavity;
one end and the other end of the magnetostrictive structure are fixedly connected with a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate respectively;
a first scissor-fork type structure is arranged between the first connecting plate and the first radiating surface;
a second scissor-fork type structure is arranged between the second connecting plate and the second radiation surface;
two end parts of one side and two end parts of the other side of the first scissor-fork type structure are correspondingly hinged with the first connecting plate and the first radiation surface respectively;
two end parts of one side and two end parts of the other side of the second scissor-fork type structure are correspondingly hinged with the second connecting plate and the second radiation surface respectively;
the distance between two end parts of one side of the first scissor type structure is smaller than the distance between two end parts of the other side of the first scissor type structure;
the distance between the two end parts of one side of the second scissor type structure is smaller than the distance between the two end parts of the other side of the second scissor type structure;
the energy converter further comprises a prestressed structure, the prestressed structure comprises a first prestressed module which is fixedly arranged on one side of the first connecting plate, which is far away from the magnetostrictive structure and is abutted against the first connecting plate, and/or a second prestressed module which is fixedly arranged on one side of the second connecting plate, which is far away from the magnetostrictive structure and is abutted against the second connecting plate, and the prestressed direction applied by the prestressed structure is in the length direction of the energy converter;
when the driving coil is electrified with current, the magnetostrictive structure vibrates in the length direction of the transducer, so that the first scissor-fork type structure and the second scissor-fork type structure stretch in the length direction of the transducer, and the first radiation surface and the second radiation surface vibrate in the length direction of the transducer.
In the utility model, under the action of the magnetic field generated by the driving coil which is electrified with current, the magnetostrictive structure generates longitudinal vibration. When the magnetostrictive structure extends, the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate vibrate towards one side away from the magnetostrictive structure in the length direction of the transducer respectively, and the first radiating surface and the second radiating surface vibrate towards one side close to the magnetostrictive structure in the length direction of the transducer respectively through the extension of the first scissor-fork structure and the second scissor-fork structure. When the magnetostrictive structure shortens, first connecting plate, second connecting plate vibrate to being close to magnetostrictive structure one side respectively in transducer length direction, cut the fork structure extension through first scissors fork structure, second for first radiating plane, second radiating plane vibrate to keeping away from magnetostrictive structure one side respectively in transducer length direction. The sound waves are radiated outwards through the reciprocating vibration of the first radiation surface and the second radiation surface, and the electro-acoustic energy conversion is realized. Because first scissor-fork structure and first connecting plate and first radiating surface, second scissor-fork structure and second connecting plate and second radiating surface are all articulated, consequently articulated connection first connecting plate, second connecting plate, first radiating surface, the realization vibration of second radiating surface on transducer length direction of being more convenient for. Because the distance between two tip of first scissor structure one side is less than the distance between two tip of first scissor structure opposite side, and the distance between two tip of second scissor structure one side is less than the distance between two tip of second scissor structure opposite side for first scissor structure, second scissor structure can convert the less displacement that magnetostrictive structure vibrated in transducer length direction and produced into the great displacement of first radiating surface, second radiating surface vibration respectively, thereby realize displacement amplification. Because first radiating surface and second radiating surface all are connected with the barrel through elastic sealing material, consequently first radiating surface, second radiating surface can realize the decoupling zero with the barrel when the vibration, avoid the barrel to the vibration production influence, avoid moreover making the data processing of transducer comparatively complicated because of barrel and two radiating surfaces vibrate together. The utility model discloses in, because the characteristic of magnetostriction itself, through the prestressing force that the prestressing force structure was applyed for the magnetostriction structure can work at optimum.
Further, the air conditioner is provided with a fan,
the first scissor type structure comprises two first rod bodies which are intersected with each other at a first intersection and hinged to each other at the first intersection;
the second scissor structure comprises two second rods which are mutually crossed at a second cross point and mutually hinged at the second cross point;
one end and the other end of each first rod body are respectively an end part at one side and an end part at the other side of the first scissor-fork type structure;
one end and the other end of each second rod body are respectively an end part at one side and an end part at the other side of the second scissor-fork type structure.
Furthermore, the first radiation surface and the second radiation surface are respectively connected with the inner wall surface of the cylinder body close to the openings at the two ends of the cylinder body through elastic sealing materials.
Through the aforesaid setting, when first radiating surface, second radiating surface vibrate on transducer length direction, the utility model discloses in, first radiating surface, second radiating surface vibrate on transducer length direction along the barrel internal face, because be connected through elastic material between radiating surface and the barrel, consequently the barrel can not vibrate in transducer direction along with first radiating surface, second radiating surface, and consequently the motion of radiating surface can not receive the influence of barrel.
Furthermore, a sleeve for accommodating the driving coil is arranged in the closed inner cavity along the length direction of the transducer, the driving coil abuts against the inner wall of the sleeve, and the sleeve is fixedly connected with the cylinder;
the two end faces of the sleeve are provided with openings, the two ends of the magnetostrictive structure extend out of the two openings respectively and are in clearance fit with the openings, and the magnetostrictive structure is in clearance fit with the driving coil.
The utility model discloses in, because the drive coil is held by the sleeve and butt sleeve, sleeve and barrel fixed connection, thereby when magnetostrictive structure vibration drives and cuts the flexible first radiating surface, the vibration of second radiating surface of driving of fork structure, barrel, sleeve, coil can not be along with moving together, consequently can not disturb magnetostrictive structure, first radiating surface, the vibration production of second radiating surface.
Further, the cylinder is a rigid cylinder or a corrugated pipe.
The utility model discloses in, if the barrel is the bellows, the less bellows of rigidity plays the effect of spring to the resonant frequency of transducer has been reduced.
Furthermore, the cylinder comprises a first corrugated pipe body, a rigid pipe body and a second corrugated pipe body which are sequentially connected in the length direction of the transducer;
the first radiation surface and the second radiation surface are respectively connected with the inner wall surface of the first corrugated pipe body and the inner wall surface of the second corrugated pipe body through elastic sealing materials;
the first corrugated pipe body, the rigid pipe body, the second corrugated pipe body, the first radiation surface, the second radiation surface and the elastic sealing material enclose the closed inner cavity;
a sleeve for accommodating the driving coil is arranged in the closed inner cavity along the length direction of the transducer, the driving coil is abutted against the inner wall of the sleeve, and the sleeve is fixedly connected with the rigid tube body;
the two end faces of the sleeve are provided with openings, the two ends of the magnetostrictive structure extend out of the two openings respectively and are in clearance fit with the openings, and the magnetostrictive structure is in clearance fit with the driving coil.
The utility model discloses in, the effect of spring is played to the less first bellows body of rigidity, second bellows body to the resonant frequency of transducer has been reduced. The first radiation surface and the second radiation surface vibrate in the length direction of the transducer along the inner wall surface of the first corrugated pipe body and the inner wall surface of the second corrugated pipe body respectively, and the first radiation surface and the second radiation surface are connected with the inner wall surface of the first corrugated pipe body and the inner wall surface of the second corrugated pipe body respectively through elastic sealing materials, so that the first corrugated pipe body and the second corrugated pipe body cannot vibrate in the direction of the transducer along with the first radiation surface and the second radiation surface, and the movement of the radiation surfaces cannot be influenced by the cylinder. Through setting up the rigid tube body for the sleeve is convenient for and rigid tube body fixed connection. Because magnetostrictive structure both ends and trompil clearance fit and magnetostrictive structure and drive coil clearance fit, when consequently magnetostrictive structure vibrates, drive coil, sleeve can not be along with moving together, therefore drive coil, sleeve can not influence magnetostrictive structure's vibration.
Furthermore, the sleeve comprises a first buckling part and a second buckling part which are buckled with each other, the first buckling part and the second buckling part enclose a sleeve inner cavity for accommodating the driving coil, and the first buckling part and the second buckling part are fixedly connected through a first fastening structure; the first buckling part and/or the second buckling part are/is fixedly connected with the barrel.
The utility model discloses in, through first buckling parts, the second buckling parts that set up mutual lock to make things convenient for first buckling parts, second buckling parts to closely hold the drive coil, thereby make no relative motion between sleeve, the drive coil. Because the first buckling part and the second buckling part are fixedly connected with each other, the fixed connection of the sleeve and the barrel can be realized only by fixedly connecting any one of the first buckling part and the second buckling part with the barrel.
Furthermore, the first radiation surface, the second radiation surface, the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are all made of any one of aluminum, titanium alloy and carbon fiber.
Further, the transducer further comprises a permanent magnet structure for providing a bias magnetic field to the magnetostrictive structure.
By arranging the permanent magnet, a bias magnetic field can be provided, and the frequency doubling effect is prevented.
Further, the closed inner cavity is filled with pressure compensation gas or pressure compensation liquid.
Pressure compensation gas or pressure compensation liquid is filled in the closed inner cavity, so that the function of further improving the working water depth of the transducer can be achieved, and the static pressure in water is compensated.
The utility model provides a magnetostrictive transducer has a series of advantages:
1) the scissor-fork structure of the utility model can amplify the displacement of the vibrator and realize large displacement output;
2) the utility model discloses a bellows shell rigidity is less, plays the effect of spring, has reduced the resonant frequency of transducer to can effectively promote the work depth of water of transducer, reduce the whole assembly quality of transducer simultaneously, have small-size, light in weight, low frequency, high-power, efficient advantage, have wide application prospect in fields such as underwater acoustic detection, underwater acoustic communication.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a magnetostrictive transducer according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second prestressing module of FIG. 1;
FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b) are schematic structural views of the first engaging portion and the second engaging portion in FIG. 1, respectively;
fig. 4(a) and 4(b) are schematic diagrams illustrating the positions of the first scissor-type structure, the first connecting plate and the first radiating surface when the magnetostrictive structure in fig. 1 is elongated and shortened, respectively;
fig. 5 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a magnetostrictive transducer according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the first bellows body and the second bellows body in fig. 5.
In the above drawings, 1, a magnetostrictive body, 2, a permanent magnet, 3, a driving coil, 31, a first engaging portion, 311, a first extending portion, 32, a second engaging portion, 321, a second extending portion, 33, an opening, 41, a first connecting plate, 42, a second connecting plate, 51, a first screw, 511, a first nut, 52, a second screw, 6, an elastic sealing material, 71, a first radiating surface, 72, a second radiating surface, 81, a rigid cylinder, 821, a first corrugated pipe body, 822, a second corrugated pipe body, 823, a rigid pipe body, 91, a prestressed rod, 92, a prestressed nut, 93, a disc spring, 10, a first rod body, 101, a first intersection point, 20, a second rod body, 201, a second intersection point, 11, and a watertight cable joint.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The utility model provides a high-power giant magnetostrictive transducer of low frequency.
As shown in fig. 1, the utility model provides a displacement amplification formula magnetostrictive transducer, including the transducer casing that has closed inner chamber, the magnetostrictive structure that extends on transducer length direction, around establishing drive coil 3 on the magnetostrictive structure, drive coil 3 all set up in the closed inner chamber.
The transducer shell is internally provided with a driving structure, a vibrator structure and a displacement amplifying mechanism.
In this embodiment, the transducer may include a magnetostrictive body 1 (i.e., a vibrator), a permanent magnet 2, a driving coil 3, a first connecting plate 41, a second connecting plate 42, a first/second scissor-fork structure, a first radiating surface 71, a second radiating surface 72, a disc spring 93, a prestressed rod 91, a rigid cylinder 81, a watertight cable head 11, a sleeve, a first screw 51, a first nut 511, a sleeve bolt, and a sleeve nut. The magnetostrictive body 1 is a vibrator. The transducer interior employs an air backing.
The transducer shell comprises a cylinder body, a first radiation surface 71 and a second radiation surface 72, wherein the cylinder body is arranged along the length direction of the transducer, the two ends of the cylinder body are open, the first radiation surface 71 and the second radiation surface 72 are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the transducer and are respectively positioned at the two ends of the cylinder body, and the first radiation surface 71 and the second radiation surface 72 are both connected with the cylinder body through elastic sealing materials 6. In this embodiment, the cylinder is a rigid cylinder 81. I.e. the transducer housing is a rigid structure in this embodiment.
The rigid cylinder 81, the first radiating surface 71, the second radiating surface 72 and the elastic sealing material 6 enclose the closed inner cavity.
One end and the other end of the magnetostrictive structure are fixedly connected with a first connecting plate 41 and a second connecting plate 42 respectively.
A first scissor-fork structure is arranged between the first connecting plate 41 and the first radiating surface 71, and a second scissor-fork structure is arranged between the second connecting plate 42 and the second radiating surface 72. First scissor type structure, second scissor type structure are the scissor type extending structure that stretches out and draws back on transducer length direction, and scissor type extending structure rotates around its pin joint promptly, makes its two opening size change.
In a preferred embodiment, said first scissor structure comprises two first rods 10 crossing each other at a first crossing 101 and hinged to each other at the first crossing 101; the second scissor structure comprises two second bars 20 crossing each other at a second crossing 201 and being hinged to each other at the second crossing 201.
The first scissor-type structure (or the second scissor-type structure) is composed of two parts, and the two first rod bodies 10 (or the two second rod bodies 20) are connected by hinges to form a cross structure and can rotate relatively.
One end of each first rod 10 is hinged to the first connecting plate 41, and the other end of each first rod 10 is hinged to the first radiating surface 71.
One end of each second rod 20 is hinged to the second connecting plate 42, and the other end of each second rod 20 is hinged to the second radiating surface 72.
The distance between one ends of the two first rods 10 is smaller than the distance between the other ends of the two first rods 10.
The distance between one ends of the two second stick bodies 20 is smaller than the distance between the other ends of the two second stick bodies 20.
When the energy converter works, due to the magnetostrictive effect of the rare earth giant magnetostrictive rod, the alternating magnetic field generated by the alternating current coil enables the magnetostrictive structure to generate longitudinal (the length direction of the energy converter) telescopic vibration to drive the first connecting plate 41 and the second connecting plate 42 to displace, then the first scissor-fork type structure and the second scissor-fork type structure on two sides of the magnetostrictive structure are used for displacement amplification, the scissor-fork type structure is mechanically coupled with the radiation surface to push the first radiation surface and the second radiation surface to do periodic motion, and then high-power sound waves are radiated.
The transducer further comprises a prestressed structure, the prestressed structure comprises a first prestressed module which is fixedly arranged on one side, away from the magnetostrictive structure, of the first connecting plate 41 and is abutted to the first connecting plate 41 and/or a second prestressed module which is fixedly arranged on one side, away from the magnetostrictive structure, of the second connecting plate 42 and is abutted to the second connecting plate 42, and the prestressed direction applied by the prestressed structure is in the length direction of the transducer. The prestress direction of the first prestress module is a direction towards the magnetostrictive structure. The prestress direction of the second prestress module is a direction towards the magnetostrictive structure.
The first pre-stressing module abuts against the first connection plate 41 in the length direction of the transducer, thereby pre-stressing the magnetostrictive structure through the first connection plate 41; and/or the second pre-stressing module abuts the second web 42 in the direction of the length of the transducer, thereby pre-stressing the magnetostrictive structure through the second web 42.
As shown in fig. 2, if the prestressed structure includes a second prestressed module, a threaded groove (not shown) is formed on an end surface of the second connecting plate 42 away from the magnetostrictive structure, the second prestressed module includes a prestressed bar 91 extending in the length direction of the transducer, and the prestressed bar 91 has an external thread matching with the internal thread of the threaded groove. The prestressed rod 91 is provided with a disc spring 93 and a prestressed nut 92, and the prestressed nut 92 is in threaded connection with the prestressed rod 91. The pre-stressed rod 91 is screwed into the threaded recess. The disc spring 93 is clamped between the end face of the second connecting plate 42, which is far away from the magnetostrictive structure, and the pre-stress nut 92 abuts against the end face of the second connecting plate 42, which is far away from the magnetostrictive structure, through the disc spring 93, so that pre-stress is applied to the magnetostrictive body through the second connecting plate 42, and the vibrator structure of the transducer can work in an optimal pre-stress state. The first pre-stressing module and the second pre-stressing module can adopt the same structure.
The disc spring 93 is sleeved on the prestress rod 91, and prestress is applied to the vibrator through the prestress nut 92, so that the vibrator works in a linear area of material strain characteristics. After the driving coil and the vibrator are assembled, the number of the disc springs and the series-parallel connection mode can be adjusted according to the size of the prestress to be applied, and the prestress is applied through the prestress rod 91, the disc spring 93 and the prestress nut 92.
Preferably, a first pre-stressing module is arranged in the shape enclosed by the first intersection 101, the portion between the two first rods 10 between the first intersection 101 and the first connection plate 41, a second pre-stressing module is arranged in the shape enclosed by the portion between the second intersection 201, the second intersection 201 and the two second rods 20 between the second connection plate 42,
when the driving coil 3 is electrified with current, the magnetostrictive structures vibrate in the length direction of the transducer, so that the first scissor-type structure and the second scissor-type structure stretch in the length direction of the transducer, and the first radiation surface 71 and the second radiation surface 72 vibrate in the length direction of the transducer.
As shown in fig. 1, 3(a) and 3(b), in a preferred embodiment, a sleeve for accommodating the driving coil 3 is arranged in the closed inner cavity along the length direction of the transducer, the driving coil 3 abuts against the inner wall of the sleeve, and the sleeve is fixedly connected with the rigid cylinder 81. Both end faces of the sleeve are provided with openings 33, both ends of the magnetostrictive structure respectively extend out of the two openings 33 and are in clearance fit with the openings 33, and the magnetostrictive structure is in clearance fit with the driving coil 3. The sleeve comprises a first buckling part 31 and a second buckling part 32 which are buckled with each other, the first buckling part 31 and the second buckling part 32 enclose a sleeve inner cavity for accommodating the driving coil 3, and the first buckling part 31 and the second buckling part 32 are fixedly connected through a first fastening structure.
In the utility model, the sleeve mainly plays the effect of fixing the driving coil 3 and fixedly connecting with the rigid cylinder 81. Through setting up the sleeve and with sleeve and rigid cylinder 81 fixed connection to make drive coil 3, parcel drive coil 3's sleeve, rigid cylinder 31 all with the decoupling of structures such as magnetostrictive structure, can not move along with magnetostrictive structure, first/second connecting plate, first/second scissor-fork structure, first/second radiating surface, thereby avoid the influence to first radiating surface, second radiating surface vibration, also avoid making the radiation frequency calculation more complicated.
The first fastening structure may include a sleeve bolt, a sleeve nut, and a first extending portion 311 and a second extending portion 321 that are respectively disposed on the wall surfaces of the first fastening portion 31 and the second fastening portion 32 and extend outward, wherein the first extending portion 311 and the second extending portion 321 are correspondingly disposed and respectively have through holes coinciding with each other, the sleeve bolt passes through the through holes coinciding with each other on the first extending portion 311 and the second extending portion 321, and the first fastening portion 31 and the second fastening portion 32 are fixed by the sleeve nut.
In a preferred embodiment, the first fastening portion 31 and/or the second fastening portion 32 are fixedly connected to the cylinder by a second fastening structure. Only one of the first engaging portion 31 and the second engaging portion 32 may be fixedly connected to the barrel, and the other engaging portion may also be fixedly connected to the barrel. In this embodiment, the second fastening structure includes a first screw 51, a first nut 511, a second screw 52, and a second nut. The first screw 51 and the second screw respectively penetrate through threaded holes formed in the wall surface of the cylinder body and then extend into threaded grooves or threaded holes formed in the wall surfaces of the first buckling part 31 and the second buckling part 32. The first nut 511 and the second nut are respectively sleeved on the first screw 51 and the second screw 52 and respectively abut against the outer wall surface of the cylinder, so that the cylinder and the sleeve are fixedly connected. Sealing materials can be arranged at the contact positions of the first nut and the second nut with the cylinder body, so that the sealing performance of the cylinder body is ensured.
As shown in fig. 4(a), the dashed lines indicate the initial positions of the first connecting plate 41, the first radiating surface 71, and the two first rods 10 when the magnetostrictive structure is not extended and not shortened; as shown by the solid lines, when the magnetostrictive structure is elongated, the first connecting plate 41 protrudes to the side away from the magnetostrictive structure in the transducer length direction to become curved, the second connecting plate 42 protrudes to the side away from the magnetostrictive structure in the transducer length direction to become curved, and the first scissor-type structure and the second scissor-type structure are highly extended in the length direction of the transducer, that is, the two first sticks 10 are rotated around the first intersection 101 so that the distance between one ends and the distance between the other ends of the two first sticks 10 are both reduced, the two second sticks 20 are rotated around the second intersection 201 so that the distance between one ends and the distance between the other ends of the two second sticks 20 are both reduced, so that the first radiating surface 71 is convexly curved to a side close to the magnetostrictive structure in the length direction of the transducer, and the second radiating surface 72 is made to be convex in the length direction of the transducer to the side close to the magnetostrictive structure and to become curved.
As shown in fig. 4(b), the dashed lines indicate the initial positions of the first connecting plate 41, the first radiating surface 71, and the two first rods 10 when the magnetostrictive structure is not extended and not shortened; as shown by the solid lines, when the magnetostrictive structure is shortened, the first connecting plate 41 protrudes to the side near the magnetostrictive structure in the transducer length direction to become curved, the second connecting plate 42 protrudes to the side near the magnetostrictive structure in the transducer length direction to become curved, and the heights of the first scissor-type structure and the second scissor-type structure in the length direction of the transducer are shortened, that is, the two first sticks 10 are rotated around the first intersection 101 so that the distance between one ends and the distance between the other ends of the two first sticks 10 are increased, the two second sticks 20 are rotated around the second intersection 201 so that the distance between one ends and the distance between the other ends of the two second sticks 20 are increased, so that the first radiating surface 71 is convex in the length direction of the transducer to the side away from the magnetostrictive structure and becomes curved, and the second radiating surface 72 is caused to bulge in the direction of the length of the transducer to the side remote from the magnetostrictive structure into a curved shape.
With reference to the analysis of the shape changes of the first connecting plate 41 and the first radiating surface 71 in fig. 4(a) and 4(b), it can be seen that when the magnetostrictive structure is elongated or shortened, the first connecting plate 41 and the second connecting plate 42 respectively vibrate to the side away from or close to the magnetostrictive structure in the length direction of the transducer, and the first radiating surface 71 and the second radiating surface 72 respectively vibrate to the side close to or away from the magnetostrictive structure in the length direction of the transducer due to the elongation or shortening of the height of the first scissor-type structure and the second scissor-type structure. The sound waves are radiated outwards through the reciprocating vibration of the first radiation surface 71 and the second radiation surface 72, and the electro-acoustic energy conversion is realized.
Fig. 4(a) and 4(b) only show the shape and/or position change of the first connecting plate 41, the first rod 10, and the first radiating surface 71 when the magnetostrictive structure is elongated or shortened, and similarly, the shape and/or position change of the second connecting plate 42, the second rod 20, and the second radiating surface 72 can be obtained.
In a preferred embodiment, the first radiation surface 71 and the second radiation surface 72 are connected to inner wall surfaces of the rigid cylindrical body 81 that are open near both ends of the rigid cylindrical body 81, respectively, by an elastic sealing material 6.
The transducer further comprises a permanent magnetic structure for providing a bias magnetic field to the magnetostrictive structure. The permanent magnet structure comprises K +1 permanent magnets 2 with the same magnetization direction in the length direction of the transducer. The magnetostrictive structure comprises K magnetostrictive bodies 1, wherein K is more than or equal to 2. In the length direction of the transducer, the permanent magnets 2 and the magnetostrictors 1 are alternately arranged, and the adjacent permanent magnets 2 and magnetostrictors 1 are mutually abutted or fixedly connected. By arranging the permanent magnet, a bias magnetic field can be provided, and the frequency doubling effect is prevented. The magnetostrictive structure and the permanent magnet are arranged in the same radius, so that the contact surfaces of the magnetostrictive structure and the permanent magnet are the same in size, the magnetostrictive structure is bonded with the permanent magnet, and the oscillator and the permanent magnet can be prevented from being ground when the transducer works. The magnetostriction body 1 can adopt a rare earth giant magnetostriction rod, can be in a rod shape or a cylinder shape, is subjected to axial slicing or radial kerf processing to reduce eddy current loss, and is bonded by epoxy resin glue to inhibit the eddy current loss of the rod. And a group of excitation coils are wound on the periphery of the giant magnetostrictive rod. The rare earth giant magnetostrictive rod is characterized in that permanent magnets with the same diameter as the rod are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the two sides of the length direction of the transducer to provide a bias magnetic field to eliminate the frequency doubling phenomenon, the permanent magnets are also cut to inhibit eddy current loss, and the permanent magnets are bonded by epoxy resin glue. The permanent magnet provides a bias magnetic field to prevent a frequency doubling effect, and is a cylinder with the radius the same as that of the giant magnetostrictive rod to prevent the transducer from side shifting during working; the permanent magnet is subjected to slitting or slicing treatment, so that eddy current loss is reduced, and the magnetic-mechanical conversion efficiency of the transducer is improved; the driving coil is formed by winding each permanent magnet by a high-temperature enameled wire and is placed in the same magnetization direction and bonded with the rare earth giant magnetostrictive rod by epoxy resin glue, so that grinding between the vibrator and the permanent magnet is prevented when the transducer works; the driving coil 3 is wound on the giant magnetostrictive rod to provide an alternating-current driving magnetic field. The driving coil 3 is formed by winding high-temperature enameled wires, so that large current can be conducted in a short time without insulation damage.
The utility model discloses in, barrel, sleeve can be fixed on boats and ships or buoy.
The transducer housing may be a cylinder or a right quadrangular prism or a cube. The first rod body (or the second rod body) is respectively connected with two opposite end parts of the first radiating surface (or the second radiating surface), so that the first radiating surface (or the second radiating surface) is driven to vibrate.
The rigid cylinder 81 is made of any one of duralumin, stainless steel, aluminum-magnesium alloy, titanium alloy, carbon fiber or glass fiber. The first connection plate 41 may be made of any one of aluminum, titanium alloy, and carbon fiber. Similarly, the material selected for the second connecting plate 42, the first radiating surface 71 and the second radiating surface 72 is the same as the material selected for the first connecting plate 41. The sleeve may be of aluminium. The elastic sealing material 6 can be made of watertight rubber or other elastic materials with better water tightness.
The first radiation surface 71, the second radiation surface 72, the first connecting plate 41 and the second connecting plate 42 are all made of any one of aluminum, titanium alloy and carbon fiber. The first radiation surface 71 and the second radiation surface 72 may be circular surfaces, square surfaces, etc., and are preferably circular surfaces because the circular surfaces have a large area and a good vibration effect.
The magnetostrictive structure may vibrate at a frequency of 1 kHz. The pressure applied by the magnetostrictive structure to the first connecting plate 41 and the second connecting plate 42 can reach 10kMPa, and the displacement of the magnetostrictive structure extending out and shortening in the length direction of the transducer can be in a micron order.
The watertight cable joint 11 can satisfy stable operation under deep sea conditions, and is electrically connected with the driving coil through a wire. The inlet and outlet wires of the driving coil 3 are electrically connected to the watertight cable joint 11, and the rigid cylinder 81 of the transducer is assembled.
The utility model discloses a fork structure is cut to first, the fork structure is cut to the second can enlarge the oscillator displacement, realizes big displacement output. The lengths of the first rod body 10 and the second rod body 20 can be adjusted, so that the displacement amplification factor can be adjusted;
example 2
In contrast to embodiment 1, the transducer housing in this embodiment may employ a bellows housing. The transducer housing may be entirely of a bellows construction, or, as shown in this embodiment, a combination of a bellows construction and a rigid construction. Use the less bellows of rigidity to play the effect that reduces transducer resonant frequency as the shell, and receive water pressure effect when the transducer bellows shell and act on, the bellows produces elastic deformation, inside gas is given in this pressure transmission, the inside pressure of transducer equals with outside hydrostatic pressure, thereby promote the operating water depth of transducer, realize the high-power transmission of low frequency of transducer work in the deep sea, reduce the whole assembly quality of transducer simultaneously, the small-size has, light in weight, low frequency, high power, efficient advantage. The rest of this example is the same as example 1.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the cylinder includes a first bellows body 821, a rigid body 823, and a second bellows body 822 connected in this order in the transducer longitudinal direction. The first and second bellows bodies 821, 822 are each fixedly connected to the rigid body, preferably by gluing.
The first radiation surface 71 and the second radiation surface 72 are connected to the inner wall surface of the first bellows body 821 and the inner wall surface of the second bellows body 822, respectively, by an elastic sealing material 6.
The first bellows body 821, the rigid body 823, the second bellows body 822, the first radiation surface 71, the second radiation surface 72, and the elastic sealing material 6 enclose the closed inner cavity.
A sleeve for accommodating the driving coil 3 is arranged in the closed inner cavity along the length direction of the transducer, the driving coil 3 abuts against the inner wall of the sleeve, and the sleeve and the rigid tube 823 can be fixedly connected through a first fastening structure. Through setting up rigid pipe 823, can realize better reciprocal anchorage of transducer casing and sleeve.
Both end faces of the sleeve are provided with openings 33, both ends of the magnetostrictive structure respectively extend out of the two openings 33 and are in clearance fit with the openings, and the magnetostrictive structure is in clearance fit with the driving coil 3.
In embodiment 2, the first fastening structure and the sleeve can be referred to the structure of embodiment 1.
The first bellows body 821 and the second bellows body 822 can be made of any one of bronze, brass, stainless steel, monel, and inconel.
Example 3
This embodiment 3 differs from embodiments 1 and 2 in that the closed inner cavity is also filled with a pressure compensation gas or a pressure compensation liquid. The pressure compensation gas or liquid can further improve the working water depth of the transducer, and the rest of the embodiment is the same as the embodiments 1 and 2. The pressure compensation filling liquid can be any one of castor oil, silicone oil and transformer oil. The pressure compensating fill fluid may be injected into the interior of the transducer housing through a fill hole (not shown).
Claims (10)
1. A displacement amplification type magnetostrictive transducer, which comprises a transducer shell with a closed inner cavity, a magnetostrictive structure extending in the length direction of the transducer, and a driving coil (3) wound on the magnetostrictive structure, wherein the magnetostrictive structure and the driving coil (3) are both arranged in the closed inner cavity,
the energy converter shell comprises a cylinder body which is arranged along the length direction of the energy converter and is provided with openings at two ends, a first radiation surface (71) and a second radiation surface (72) which are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the energy converter and are respectively positioned at the openings at two ends of the cylinder body, and the first radiation surface (71) and the second radiation surface (72) are both connected with the cylinder body through elastic sealing materials (6);
the cylinder, the first radiation surface (71), the second radiation surface (72) and the elastic sealing material (6) enclose the closed inner cavity;
one end and the other end of the magnetostrictive structure are fixedly connected with a first connecting plate (41) and a second connecting plate (42) respectively;
a first scissor-fork type structure is arranged between the first connecting plate (41) and the first radiation surface (71);
a second scissor-fork type structure is arranged between the second connecting plate (42) and the second radiation surface (72);
two end parts of one side and two end parts of the other side of the first scissor-fork type structure are correspondingly hinged with the first connecting plate (41) and the first radiation surface (71) respectively;
two end parts of one side and two end parts of the other side of the second scissor-type structure are correspondingly hinged with the second connecting plate (42) and the second radiation surface (72) respectively;
the distance between two end parts of one side of the first scissor type structure is smaller than the distance between two end parts of the other side of the first scissor type structure;
the distance between the two end parts of one side of the second scissor type structure is smaller than the distance between the two end parts of the other side of the second scissor type structure;
the transducer further comprises a prestressed structure, the prestressed structure comprises a first prestressed module which is fixedly arranged on one side, away from the magnetostrictive structure, of the first connecting plate (41) and is abutted against the first connecting plate (41) and/or a second prestressed module which is fixedly arranged on one side, away from the magnetostrictive structure, of the second connecting plate (42) and is abutted against the second connecting plate (42), and the prestressed direction applied by the prestressed structure is in the length direction of the transducer;
when the driving coil (3) is electrified with current, the magnetostrictive structure vibrates in the length direction of the transducer, so that the first scissor-type structure and the second scissor-type structure stretch in the length direction of the transducer, and the first radiation surface (71) and the second radiation surface (72) vibrate in the length direction of the transducer.
2. The displacement amplified magnetostrictive transducer according to claim 1,
the first scissor structure comprises two first rods (10) which cross each other at a first intersection (101) and are hinged to each other at the first intersection (101);
the second scissor structure comprises two second rods (20) which are intersected with each other at a second intersection (201) and hinged to each other at the second intersection (201);
one end and the other end of each first rod body (10) are respectively an end part at one side and an end part at the other side of the first scissor-fork type structure;
one end and the other end of each second rod body (20) are respectively an end part at one side and an end part at the other side of the second scissor type structure.
3. The displacement-amplifying magnetostrictive transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that the first radiating surface (71) and the second radiating surface (72) are respectively connected to the inner wall surface of the cylinder near the openings at both ends of the cylinder by an elastic sealing material (6).
4. The displacement-amplifying magnetostrictive transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that a sleeve for accommodating the driving coil (3) is arranged in the closed inner cavity along the length direction of the transducer, the driving coil (3) abuts against the inner wall of the sleeve, and the sleeve is fixedly connected with the cylinder;
both end faces of the sleeve are provided with openings (33), both ends of the magnetostrictive structure respectively extend out of the two openings (33) and are in clearance fit with the openings (33), and the magnetostrictive structure is in clearance fit with the driving coil (3).
5. The displacement amplified magnetostrictive transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylinder is a rigid cylinder (81) or a bellows.
6. The displacement-amplifying magnetostrictive transducer according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder comprises a first bellows body (821), a rigid body (823), and a second bellows body (822) connected in this order in the transducer length direction;
the first radiation surface (71) and the second radiation surface (72) are respectively connected with the inner wall surface of the first corrugated pipe body (821) and the inner wall surface of the second corrugated pipe body (822) through elastic sealing materials (6);
the first corrugated pipe body (821), the rigid pipe body (823), the second corrugated pipe body (822), the first radiation surface (71), the second radiation surface (72) and the elastic sealing material (6) enclose the closed inner cavity;
a sleeve for accommodating the driving coil (3) is arranged in the closed inner cavity along the length direction of the transducer, the driving coil (3) is abutted against the inner wall of the sleeve, and the sleeve is fixedly connected with the rigid tube body (823);
both end faces of the sleeve are provided with openings (33), both ends of the magnetostrictive structure respectively extend out of the two openings (33) and are in clearance fit with the openings, and the magnetostrictive structure is in clearance fit with the driving coil (3).
7. The displacement-amplifying magnetostrictive transducer according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that the sleeve comprises a first buckling part (31) and a second buckling part (32) which are buckled with each other, the first buckling part (31) and the second buckling part (32) enclose a sleeve cavity for accommodating the driving coil (3), and the first buckling part (31) and the second buckling part (32) are fixedly connected through a first fastening structure; the first buckling part (31) and/or the second buckling part (32) are fixedly connected with the barrel.
8. The displacement-amplified magnetostrictive transducer according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the first radiating surface (71), the second radiating surface (72), the first connecting plate (41) and the second connecting plate (42) are made of any one of aluminum, titanium alloy and carbon fiber.
9. The displacement amplified magnetostrictive transducer according to any of claims 1-6, further comprising a permanent magnetic structure for providing a biasing magnetic field for the magnetostrictive structure.
10. The displacement amplified magnetostrictive transducer according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the closed inner cavity is further filled with a pressure compensating gas or a pressure compensating liquid.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021443673.1U CN212441930U (en) | 2020-07-21 | 2020-07-21 | Displacement amplification type magnetostrictive transducer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202021443673.1U CN212441930U (en) | 2020-07-21 | 2020-07-21 | Displacement amplification type magnetostrictive transducer |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111659598A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-09-15 | 湖南大学 | Displacement amplification type magnetostrictive transducer |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111659598A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-09-15 | 湖南大学 | Displacement amplification type magnetostrictive transducer |
| CN111659598B (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2024-04-16 | 湖南大学 | Displacement amplification type magnetostrictive transducer |
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