CN212420422U - Ultra-high precision machine tool structure - Google Patents
Ultra-high precision machine tool structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN212420422U CN212420422U CN202021792021.9U CN202021792021U CN212420422U CN 212420422 U CN212420422 U CN 212420422U CN 202021792021 U CN202021792021 U CN 202021792021U CN 212420422 U CN212420422 U CN 212420422U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an ultra-high precision machine tool structure, which comprises an X-axis assembly, a Z-axis assembly and a marble lathe bed, wherein the marble lathe bed is provided with a first H-shaped beam and a second H-shaped beam which are perpendicular to each other, and the X-axis assembly and the Z-axis assembly are respectively arranged on the first H-shaped beam and the second H-shaped beam; the X-axis assembly comprises two X-axis ultra-precise guide rails, an X-axis sliding plate, an X-axis linear motor magnetic plate and an X-axis linear motor coil, and the X-axis sliding plate is respectively embedded on the two X-axis ultra-precise guide rails through grooves on two sides of the X-axis sliding plate and can freely slide along the X-axis ultra-precise guide rails; the Z-axis sliding plate is respectively embedded on the two Z-axis ultra-precise guide rails through grooves on two sides of the Z-axis sliding plate and can freely slide along the Z-axis ultra-precise guide rails, and the main shaft is installed on the Z-axis sliding plate. The utility model relates to a machining precision can reach 0.0005mm, is applicable to the lathe structure of little part high accuracy processing.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of machining equipment, especially, relate to an ultra-high precision machine tool structure.
Background
The lathe is the lathe that mainly carries out lathe work with lathe sword pairing rotation work piece, and the multi-purpose cross balladeur train of current lathe, and the work of Z axle removal interference X axle influences positioning accuracy, can't satisfy the high accuracy preparation demand of finding, simultaneously, adopts ordinary lead screw and servo motor driven mode more, and the error is great.
The existing small-sized numerical control lathe in the market rarely has a numerical control machine tool with the precision within 0.001mm, but the rapid development of the modern industrial level has higher and higher processing precision on the machine tool, so that the processing precision of the machine tool needs to be improved urgently, and the problem that the high precision of small parts does not have available machine tools is solved.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to overcome above-mentioned prior art not enough, provide an ultra-high precision machine tool structure that can satisfy the little part high accuracy preparation demand.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the utility model is that: an ultra-high precision machine tool structure comprises an X-axis assembly, a Z-axis assembly and a marble lathe bed, wherein the marble lathe bed is provided with a first H-shaped beam and a second H-shaped beam which are vertical to each other, and the X-axis assembly and the Z-axis assembly are respectively arranged on the first H-shaped beam and the second H-shaped beam;
the X-axis assembly comprises two X-axis ultra-precise guide rails, an X-axis sliding plate, an X-axis linear motor magnetic plate and an X-axis linear motor coil, the two X-axis ultra-precise guide rails are arranged on the first H-shaped beam in parallel, the X-axis sliding plate is respectively embedded on the two X-axis ultra-precise guide rails through grooves in the two sides of the X-axis sliding plate and can freely slide along the X-axis ultra-precise guide rails, and the X-axis linear motor magnetic plate and the X-axis linear motor coil are sequentially arranged on the marble lathe bed and are positioned between the first H-shaped beams;
the Z axle subassembly includes two Z axle ultra-precision guide rails, Z axle slide, Z axle linear electric motor magnetic sheet, Z axle linear electric motor coil and main shaft, the installation that two Z axle ultra-precision guide rails are parallel to each other is on second H type roof beam, Z axle slide inlays respectively through the recess of its both sides and establishes to two Z axle ultra-precision guide rails on and can follow Z axle ultra-precision guide rail and freely slide, Z axle linear electric motor magnetic sheet and Z axle linear electric motor coil are installed in proper order on the marble lathe bed and are located between the second H type roof beam, the main shaft is installed on Z axle slide.
Preferably, the device also comprises two grating ruler components which are respectively arranged on the X-axis component and the Z-axis component;
the grating ruler component comprises grating rulers and connecting plates, wherein the two grating rulers are respectively arranged on one sides of the first H-shaped beam and the second H-shaped beam and are respectively connected with the X-axis sliding plate and the Z-axis sliding plate through the two connecting plates.
Preferably, the grating ruler comprises a ruler body and a reading head, and the reading head is positioned below the ruler body;
two blade fixed connection respectively are on first H type roof beam and second H type roof beam, and two reading heads are connected with the one end of two connecting plates respectively, the other end of two connecting plates respectively with X axle slide and Z axle slide fixed connection.
Preferably, the marble lathe bed, the first H-shaped beam and the second H-shaped beam are made of natural marble.
Preferably, the second H-beam is located on the midperpendicular of the first H-beam.
Preferably, the X-axis ultra-precision guide rail, the first H-shaped beam and the marble lathe bed are integrally formed, and the Z-axis ultra-precision guide rail, the second H-shaped beam and the marble lathe bed are integrally formed.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of:
(1) the utility model has the advantages that the X axis and the Z axis are arranged separately and do not interfere with each other, so that the positioning precision is higher, and the manufacturing requirements of high-precision small parts are met;
(2) the utility model is mostly of an integrated structure, the number of used parts is small, the assembly difficulty is low, and the assembly is not easy to damage;
(3) the utility model adopts the linear motor and the nanoscale grating ruler to form a full closed-loop transmission mechanism, thereby eliminating the defects generated by the screw transmission of the traditional machine tool;
(4) the utility model discloses the whole skeleton of lathe adopts marble material, and the application of this material makes the lathe to because the produced error of temperature variation reaches for small, compares stability with traditional cast iron material and has improved an order of magnitude.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an ultra-high precision machine tool structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a grating ruler of the ultra-high precision machine tool structure of the present invention;
description of reference numerals:
1. 1-1 parts of a marble lathe bed, 1-2 parts of a first H-shaped beam and a second H-shaped beam;
2. the device comprises an X-axis ultra-precise guide rail, 3, an X-axis sliding plate, 4, an X-axis linear motor magnetic plate, 5, an X-axis linear motor coil, 6, a Z-axis ultra-precise guide rail, 7, a Z-axis sliding plate, 8, a Z-axis linear motor magnetic plate, 9, a Z-axis linear motor coil, 10 and a main shaft;
11. the device comprises a grating ruler component 11-1, a grating ruler 11-1-1, a ruler body 11-1-2, a reading head 11-2 and a connecting plate.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the following embodiments:
it should be noted that the structures, ratios, sizes, etc. illustrated in the present specification are only used to cooperate with the contents disclosed in the specification for the understanding and reading of the people skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the limit conditions that the present invention can be implemented, and any modifications of the structures, changes of the ratio relationships or adjustments of the sizes should still fall within the scope that the technical contents disclosed in the present invention can cover without affecting the functions and the achievable purposes of the present invention.
Meanwhile, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for convenience of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and changes or adjustments of the relative relationship thereof may be made without substantial technical changes, and the present invention is also regarded as the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-3, an ultra-high precision machine tool structure comprises an X-axis assembly, a Z-axis assembly and a marble bed 1, wherein the marble bed 1 is provided with a first H-shaped beam 1-1 and a second H-shaped beam 1-2 which are perpendicular to each other, and the X-axis assembly and the Z-axis assembly are respectively mounted on the first H-shaped beam 1-1 and the second H-shaped beam 1-2;
the X-axis assembly comprises two X-axis ultra-precise guide rails 2, an X-axis sliding plate 3, an X-axis linear motor magnetic plate 4 and an X-axis linear motor coil 5, the two X-axis ultra-precise guide rails 2 are arranged on a first H-shaped beam 1-1 in parallel, the X-axis sliding plate 3 is respectively embedded on the two X-axis ultra-precise guide rails 2 through grooves in the two sides of the X-axis sliding plate 3 and can freely slide along the X-axis ultra-precise guide rails 2, and the X-axis linear motor magnetic plate 4 and the X-axis linear motor coil 5 are sequentially arranged on the marble lathe bed 1 and are positioned between the first H-shaped beams 1-1;
the Z-axis assembly comprises two Z-axis ultra-precise guide rails 6, a Z-axis sliding plate 7, a Z-axis linear motor magnetic plate 8, a Z-axis linear motor coil 9 and a main shaft 10, the two Z-axis ultra-precise guide rails 6 are arranged on the second H-shaped beam 1-2 in parallel, the Z-axis sliding plate 3 is respectively embedded on the two Z-axis ultra-precise guide rails 6 through grooves in the Z-axis sliding plate 3 on two sides and can freely slide along the Z-axis ultra-precise guide rails 6, the Z-axis linear motor magnetic plate 8 and the Z-axis linear motor coil 9 are sequentially arranged on the marble lathe bed 1 and are located between the second H-shaped beams 1-2, and the main shaft 10 is arranged on the Z-axis sliding plate.
The shaft X, Z of machine tool does not adopt traditional cross sliding table structure but adopts split type structure X axle subassembly and Z axle subassembly direct and lathe bed be connected to the accumulative error that the cross sliding table can produce can not appear. Meanwhile, the traditional lead screw is used in the machining process of the machine tool, the problem of thermal extension also exists, the motion error of the lead screw is caused when the lead screw is manufactured, in order to avoid the problem, the traditional lead screw is not selected for the transmission part of the machine tool, but a Z-axis linear motor coil 9, a Z-axis linear motor magnetic plate 8, an X-axis linear motor coil 5 and an X-axis linear motor magnetic plate 6 with zero error are adopted, a Z-axis ultra-precise guide rail 6 and an X-axis ultra-precise guide rail 2 are adopted, and a nanoscale X-axis grating ruler 11-1 and a nanoscale Z-axis grating ruler 11-1 are used on the precision feedback surface, so that the precision of the machine tool can reach 0.0005 mm.
The linear motor coil and the linear motor magnetic plate are in a magnetic suspension relationship with each other.
Specifically, the second H-beam 1-2 is located on the perpendicular bisector of the first H-beam 1-1. The working face of the design is the largest.
Specifically, the device also comprises two grating ruler components 11 which are respectively arranged on the X-axis component and the Z-axis component;
the grating scale assembly 11 comprises a grating scale 11-1 and a connecting plate 11-2, wherein the two grating scales 11-1 are respectively arranged on one side of the first H-shaped beam 1-1 and one side of the second H-shaped beam and are respectively connected with the X-axis sliding plate 3 and the Z-axis sliding plate 7 through the two connecting plates 11-2.
A grating scale, also called a grating scale displacement sensor (grating scale sensor), is a measurement feedback device that operates using the optical principle of a grating. Grating scales are often applied to closed-loop servo systems of numerically controlled machine tools and can be used for detecting linear displacement or angular displacement. The signal output by the sensor is digital pulse, and the sensor has the characteristics of large detection range, high detection precision and high response speed. For example, in a numerically controlled machine tool, it is common to detect the coordinates of the tool and the workpiece to observe and track the feed error, so as to compensate for the motion error of the tool. The grating scale is divided into a transmission grating and a reflection grating according to different manufacturing methods and optical principles.
Specifically, the grating ruler 11-1 comprises a ruler body 11-1-1 and a reading head 11-1-2, wherein the reading head 11-1-2 is positioned below the ruler body 11-1-1; in the prior art, a reading head is usually arranged on a ruler body and is placed in a forward direction, the reading head is fixed on a lathe bed, and the ruler body is fixed on a sliding plate, so that the accuracy of a grating ruler is influenced by the deformation of the sliding plate; this patent is placed grating chi 11-1 is reverse, can avoid the problem that the slide warp the influence precision can have the advantage that antipollution can the reinforce again, avoids greasy dirt and piece to pollute, guarantees grating chi 11-1's life and precision.
Two ruler bodies 11-1-1 are fixedly connected to a first H-shaped beam 1-1 and a second H-shaped beam 1-2 respectively, two reading heads 11-1-2 are connected with one ends of two connecting plates 11-2 respectively, and the other ends of the two connecting plates 11-2 are fixedly connected with an X-axis sliding plate 3 and a Z-axis sliding plate 7 respectively. The connecting plate 11-1 drives the reading head 11-1-2 to move along with the movement of the sliding plate.
Specifically, the materials adopted by the marble bed body 1, the first H-shaped beam 1-1 and the second H-shaped beam 1-2 are all natural marbles. The natural marble has a capacity of 2800kg/m3The heat conductivity coefficient is 2.91W/m.K, and the heat storage coefficient is 23.35W/square meter.K. The machine tool can generate heat in the machining process, the traditional cast iron lathe bed can generate thermal deformation certainly, and the natural marble has good stability and can avoid the problem of thermal deformation.
Specifically, the X-axis ultra-precise guide rail 2, the first H-shaped beam 1-1 and the marble lathe bed 1 are integrally formed, and the Z-axis ultra-precise guide rail 6, the second H-shaped beam 1-2 and the marble lathe bed 1 are integrally formed. The use of the reducible part of integrated into one piece's design improves the precision of whole lathe, and improves the stability that the lathe used, avoids the part to damage and needs more maintenance, uses and experiences the degree better.
To sum up, the utility model provides a lathe of workable finding, and the machining precision can reach 0.0005 mm.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Many other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the specific embodiments, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an ultra-high precision machine tool structure which characterized in that: the marble machine tool comprises an X-axis assembly, a Z-axis assembly and a marble machine tool body, wherein a first H-shaped beam and a second H-shaped beam which are vertical to each other are arranged on the marble machine tool body, and the X-axis assembly and the Z-axis assembly are respectively arranged on the first H-shaped beam and the second H-shaped beam;
the X-axis assembly comprises two X-axis ultra-precise guide rails, an X-axis sliding plate, an X-axis linear motor magnetic plate and an X-axis linear motor coil, the two X-axis ultra-precise guide rails are arranged on the first H-shaped beam in parallel, the X-axis sliding plate is respectively embedded on the two X-axis ultra-precise guide rails through grooves in the two sides of the X-axis sliding plate and can freely slide along the X-axis ultra-precise guide rails, and the X-axis linear motor magnetic plate and the X-axis linear motor coil are sequentially arranged on the marble lathe bed and are positioned between the first H-shaped beams;
the Z axle subassembly includes two Z axle ultra-precision guide rails, Z axle slide, Z axle linear electric motor magnetic sheet, Z axle linear electric motor coil and main shaft, the installation that two Z axle ultra-precision guide rails are parallel to each other is on second H type roof beam, Z axle slide inlays respectively through the recess of its both sides and establishes to two Z axle ultra-precision guide rails on and can follow Z axle ultra-precision guide rail and freely slide, Z axle linear electric motor magnetic sheet and Z axle linear electric motor coil are installed in proper order on the marble lathe bed and are located between the second H type roof beam, the main shaft is installed on Z axle slide.
2. An ultra-high precision machine tool structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two grating ruler components are respectively arranged on the X-axis component and the Z-axis component;
the grating ruler component comprises grating rulers and connecting plates, wherein the two grating rulers are respectively arranged on one sides of the first H-shaped beam and the second H-shaped beam and are respectively connected with the X-axis sliding plate and the Z-axis sliding plate through the two connecting plates.
3. The ultra-high precision machine tool structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: the grating ruler comprises a ruler body and a reading head, and the reading head is positioned below the ruler body;
two blade fixed connection respectively are on first H type roof beam and second H type roof beam, and two reading heads are connected with the one end of two connecting plates respectively, the other end of two connecting plates respectively with X axle slide and Z axle slide fixed connection.
4. An ultra-high precision machine tool structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the marble lathe bed, the first H-shaped beam and the second H-shaped beam are made of natural marble.
5. An ultra-high precision machine tool structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the second H-shaped beam is positioned on the perpendicular bisector of the first H-shaped beam.
6. An ultra-high precision machine tool structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the X-axis ultra-precise guide rail, the first H-shaped beam and the marble lathe bed are integrally formed, and the Z-axis ultra-precise guide rail, the second H-shaped beam and the marble lathe bed are integrally formed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202021792021.9U CN212420422U (en) | 2020-08-25 | 2020-08-25 | Ultra-high precision machine tool structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202021792021.9U CN212420422U (en) | 2020-08-25 | 2020-08-25 | Ultra-high precision machine tool structure |
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| CN212420422U true CN212420422U (en) | 2021-01-29 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111843524A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-10-30 | 西安巨浪精密机械有限公司 | Ultra-high precision machine tool structure |
| CN115615336A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2023-01-17 | 河南乐佳电子科技有限公司 | Grating type self-positioning distance measuring device |
-
2020
- 2020-08-25 CN CN202021792021.9U patent/CN212420422U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111843524A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-10-30 | 西安巨浪精密机械有限公司 | Ultra-high precision machine tool structure |
| CN115615336A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2023-01-17 | 河南乐佳电子科技有限公司 | Grating type self-positioning distance measuring device |
| CN115615336B (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2023-11-03 | 河南乐佳电子科技有限公司 | Grating type self-positioning distance measuring device |
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