CN212353513U

CN212353513U - Front suspension device and vehicle with same

Info

Publication number: CN212353513U
Application number: CN202020426230.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王健健; 杨筑仁; 杨家峰
Original assignee: Weichai Power Co Ltd
Current assignee: Weichai Power Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-03-27
Filing date: 2020-03-27
Publication date: 2021-01-15
Anticipated expiration: 2030-03-27

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of vehicle engineering, concretely relates to front suspension device and have its vehicle. The utility model provides a front suspension device includes leaf spring unit, leaf spring seat subassembly and crossbeam, the leaf spring unit includes first leaf spring unit and second leaf spring unit, first leaf spring unit and second leaf spring unit parallel arrangement, the leaf spring seat subassembly includes first leaf spring seat subassembly and second leaf spring seat subassembly, the front end in the leaf spring unit is connected to the one end of first leaf spring seat subassembly, the rear end in the leaf spring unit is connected to the one end of second leaf spring seat subassembly, first leaf spring seat subassembly and second leaf spring seat subassembly are the sliding plate formula connection structure with the leaf spring unit, the crossbeam includes first crossbeam and second crossbeam, first crossbeam is connected with the other end of first leaf spring seat subassembly, the second crossbeam is connected with the other end of second leaf spring seat subassembly. Through using the front suspension device in this technical scheme, constitute frame rack structure on the whole for pitch and roll rigidity increase, the suspension atress is more reasonable.

Description

Front suspension device and vehicle with same

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of vehicle engineering, concretely relates to front suspension device and have its vehicle.

Background

One of the important assemblies in modern vehicles is a suspension which elastically connects a vehicle frame and an axle, and has the functions of transmitting force and torsion acting between wheels and the vehicle frame, buffering impact force transmitted to the vehicle frame or a vehicle body from an uneven road surface, and attenuating vibration caused by the impact force so as to ensure that the vehicle can run smoothly.

In the prior art, two suspension modes are generally adopted, wherein the first suspension mode adopts a single-leaf spring front suspension device, two ends of a leaf spring are provided with a front lifting lug or a rear sliding plate or a front sliding plate and a rear sliding plate, and a cross beam is directly connected with a frame and is not directly connected with a front plate spring seat; the whole structure has small longitudinal and lateral stiffness, and the risk of plate spring breakage is easy to occur under severe working conditions such as full load downhill and full load braking, thereby seriously affecting the operation safety. The second suspension mode adopts a main and auxiliary spring front suspension device with two-stage rigidity, and better solves the comfort requirement of large change of the front axle nuclear space and full load, but when the front axle front suspension device is actually used in mines and a plate spring needs to be replaced, the maintenance time is more than 3 times of that of the first structure, the mine operation efficiency is seriously influenced, and great complaints are made by customers; in addition, the rigidity of the plate spring has sudden change at the moment when the auxiliary spring is contacted, so that the zero-load equal frequency or the approximate equal frequency cannot be realized, and the riding comfort of the whole vehicle is general.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at solving the problem that the suspension rigidity is not enough and the reliability is low at least. The purpose is realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model discloses a first aspect provides a front suspension device, include:

a plate spring unit including a first plate spring unit and a second plate spring unit, the first and second plate spring units being arranged in parallel;

the plate spring seat assembly comprises a first plate spring seat assembly and a second plate spring seat assembly, one end of the first plate spring seat assembly is connected to the front end of the plate spring unit, one end of the second plate spring seat assembly is connected to the rear end of the plate spring unit, and the first plate spring seat assembly, the second plate spring seat assembly and the plate spring unit are of a sliding plate type connection structure;

the crossbeam, the crossbeam includes first crossbeam and second crossbeam, first crossbeam with the other end of first plate spring seat subassembly is connected, the second crossbeam with the other end of second plate spring seat subassembly is connected.

Through using the front suspension device among this technical scheme, leaf spring unit and leaf spring seat subassembly constitute overall frame structure with the crossbeam respectively, leaf spring seat subassembly and connected to the vehicle frame simultaneously, make front suspension device rigidity is better like this, the pitch and the rigidity of heeling increase, the atress is more reasonable, set up leaf spring unit and leaf spring seat subassembly into sliding plate formula connection structure simultaneously, make the leaf spring atress little, the atress of front suspension device part has been improved, the reliability of front suspension device has been improved.

In addition, according to the utility model discloses a front suspension device still can have following additional technical characterstic:

in some embodiments of the present invention, the first beam and the second beam are both perpendicular to the plate spring unit.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the front suspension device further includes a damping unit, one end of the damping unit is connected to the plate spring unit, and the other end of the damping unit is connected to the frame.

The utility model discloses an in some embodiments, the shock attenuation unit still includes bumper shock absorber, upper bracket and lower carriage, the one end of bumper shock absorber with the upper bracket is connected, the other end of bumper shock absorber with the lower carriage is connected, the upper bracket with the frame is connected, the lower carriage with the leaf spring unit is connected.

In some embodiments of the invention, the number of dampers is at least two.

The utility model discloses an in some embodiments, the upper bracket through first round pin axle with the frame is connected, the lower carriage through the second round pin axle with the bumper shock absorber is connected.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the damping unit is provided on the first plate spring unit and the second plate spring unit, and the damping unit is provided on the first plate spring unit and the damping unit is provided on the second plate spring unit in a position opposite to each other.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the front suspension device further comprises a thrust unit, one end of the thrust unit is connected to the first plate spring seat assembly, and the other end of the thrust unit is connected to the axle.

The utility model discloses an in some embodiments, thrust unit still includes distance rod and fixing base, the one end of distance rod with first leaf spring seat subassembly is connected, the other end of distance rod with the one end of fixing base is connected, the other end of fixing base with the axle is connected.

The utility model also provides a vehicle, this vehicle includes the front suspension device among the above-mentioned embodiment.

Drawings

Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like parts are designated by like reference numerals throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

fig. 1 schematically shows an overall structural view of a front suspension apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the front suspension assembly of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a shock-absorbing unit of the front suspension apparatus of fig. 1.

11: first leaf spring unit, 12: a second plate spring unit;

21: first leaf spring seat assembly, 22: a second leaf spring seat assembly;

31: first cross member, 32: a second cross member;

40: damping unit, 41: damper, 42: upper bracket, 43: a first pin shaft;

50: thrust unit, 51: thrust rod, 52: a fixed seat.

Detailed Description

Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" may be intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," "including," and "having" are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring their performance in the particular order described or illustrated, unless specifically identified as an order of performance. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

Although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms when used herein do not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the context. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments.

For convenience of description, spatially relative terms, such as "inner", "outer", "lower", "below", "upper", "above", and the like, may be used herein to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. Such spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" or "over" the other elements or features. Thus, the example term "below … …" can include both an orientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

Fig. 1 schematically shows an overall structural diagram of a front suspension apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a front view of the front suspension apparatus of fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a shock-absorbing unit of the front suspension apparatus of fig. 1. As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the utility model provides a front suspension device and vehicle that has it. The front suspension device in the utility model comprises a plate spring unit, a plate spring seat component and a beam, wherein the plate spring unit comprises a first plate spring unit 11 and a second plate spring unit 12, the first plate spring unit 11 and the second plate spring unit 12 are arranged in parallel, the plate spring seat component comprises a first plate spring seat component 21 and a second plate spring seat component 22, one end of the first plate spring seat component 21 is connected with the front end of the plate spring unit, one end of the second plate spring seat component 22 is connected with the rear end of the plate spring unit, the front end of the plate spring unit is the front end of the vehicle body, the rear end of the plate spring unit is the rear end of the vehicle body, any one of the first plate spring seat assembly 21 and the second plate spring seat assembly 22 is of a sliding plate type connection structure with the connection mode of the plate spring unit, the cross beam comprises a first cross beam 31 and a second cross beam 32, the first cross beam 31 is connected with the other end of the first plate spring seat assembly 21, and the second cross beam 32 is connected with the other end of the second plate spring seat assembly 22.

Further, in the present embodiment, the first beam 31 and the second beam 32 are both provided perpendicular to the leaf spring unit. The transverse beam and the plate spring unit are vertically arranged, so that the rigidity of the whole frame of the front suspension device is increased, and the reliability of the front suspension device is improved.

In the present embodiment, the front suspension apparatus further includes a shock absorbing unit 40, one end of the shock absorbing unit 40 is connected with the plate spring unit, and the other end of the shock absorbing unit 40 is used for being connected with the vehicle frame. The operation comfort of the whole vehicle can be remarkably improved through the damping unit 40, so that the operation efficiency and the operation safety are improved.

Further, in the present embodiment, the shock absorbing unit 40 further includes a shock absorber 41, an upper bracket 42, and a lower bracket, one end of the shock absorber 41 is connected to the upper bracket 42, the other end of the shock absorber 41 is connected to the lower bracket, the upper bracket 42 is connected to the vehicle frame, and the lower bracket is connected to the pair of leaf spring units. The shock absorber 41 of the embodiment is fixedly installed through the upper support and the lower support, free movement of the shock absorber 41 is guaranteed, and stability and reliability of the shock absorber 41 are improved.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the number of the dampers 41 is 2. For satisfying the demand that the customer overloads, the suspension system rigidity of mine car is great, hardly matches suitable damped bumper shock absorber 41, and the utility model discloses can be according to customer's operating mode, slope and load characteristics such as different density materials and customer to the different demands of whole car travelling comfort, optimize and match more reasonable leaf spring rigidity and bumper shock absorber 41. Wherein preferably the one-piece frame type front suspension arrangement may preferably match 2 or 4 shock absorbers 41.

Further, in this embodiment, the upper bracket 42 is connected to the frame via a first pin 43, the lower bracket is connected to the shock absorber 41 via a second pin, and the pin 43 is connected in a manner of static fixation, so that the reliability is improved, and the disassembly is convenient.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the damping unit 40 is disposed opposite to the center line of the first and second

plate spring units

11 and 12, so that the stress of the damping unit 40 is more uniform, and the damping effect is further improved.

Further, in the present embodiment, the front suspension device further includes a thrust unit 50, one end of the thrust unit 50 is connected to the first plate spring holder assembly 21, and the other end of the thrust unit 50 is used for being connected to the axle. The thrust unit 50 can guide the plate spring unit and can bear a longitudinal force, thereby improving the reliability of the front suspension apparatus.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the thrust unit 50 includes a thrust rod 51 and a fixed seat 52, one end of the thrust rod 51 is connected to the first leaf spring holder assembly 21, the other end of the thrust rod 51 is connected to one end of the fixed seat 52, and the other end of the fixed seat 52 is connected to the axle. The included angle between the thrust rod 51 and the horizontal plane is consistent with the caster angle of the axle (or the included angle between the plate spring and the horizontal plane), so that the attitude angle of the front axle is unchanged or minimally changed when the front suspension device is loaded and changed or jumps. Wherein, the fixing seat 52 is connected with the axle through a bolt. The thrust rod 51 can guide the plate spring unit in the transverse direction, and can limit the plate spring unit in the transverse direction, so that the reliability of the front suspension device is improved.

In the present embodiment, the first plate on the upper surface of the leaf spring unit is of a front-rear slide type and is slidable in the front-rear direction on the slide plate holder of the first leaf spring holder assembly 21. The first and second plates at the bottom of the plate spring unit are of a rolling lug structure, and a lubricating sleeve is arranged in the rolling lug and can be provided with a shock absorber 41. The plate spring unit is only used as an elastic element and bears vertical load; the thrust rod 51 acts as a guide element, receiving longitudinal forces. When the structure is operated in a mining area, the problems that the pin shaft 43 at the leaf spring eye structure is stressed too much, the leaf spring eye is easy to break, the pin shaft 43 is abraded, 1-4 pieces of leaf springs are broken and the like are solved.

Further, the utility model discloses a preceding suspension device is at the emergency braking in-process, and the backward brake force of front axle wheel can transmit the frame through axle, distance rod support, leaf spring seat subassembly etc.. In the braking process, the wheel braking torque prompts the axle to have torque in the anticlockwise direction, so that the thrust rod 51 is pressed to drive the axle to generate torque in the clockwise direction, namely, the longitudinal force is mainly borne by the thrust rod 51, the longitudinal force of the plate spring is only borne by the bounce or deformation of the axle (including the plate spring), and the friction force caused by the sliding of the plate spring in the longitudinal direction is small in the process, so that the limit stress of the plate spring is greatly reduced. In the driving process, the analysis principle is consistent with the emergency braking process, and only the stress directions of the thrust rod 51 and the plate spring are opposite. In the vertical load increasing process, the plate spring freely bears the vertical load, and the advantage of high vertical rigidity of the plate spring can be fully exerted. At the turn in-process, leaf spring seat and crossbeam constitute whole frame construction, and the increase of lateral torsional rigidity, whole car yawing force passes through the frame and transmits leaf spring seat and leaf spring, reaches axle and tire at last, wherein, when bearing the yawing force, because of controlling the suspension through the crossbeam and uniting together, form frame rack structure for whole atress reduces, and is more reasonable.

In this embodiment, the front suspension device further includes a plate spring stopper, which includes a steel plate bracket and a rubber cushion, and is fixed to the lower portion of the frame. When the plate spring bounces upwards to the utmost, the plate spring is firstly contacted with the rubber cushion to realize soft limiting; after the rubber soft cushion is completely compressed, the rubber soft cushion is finally in hard contact with the steel plate support, so that hard limiting is realized.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the leaf spring unit left and right sides respectively is equipped with 4U type bolts, is equipped with cushion rubber between U type bolt upper cover plate and the first piece of leaf spring unit, can exert initial pretightning force, makes the bolt keep enough tightness in the high strength high frequency time rebound operation process, when effectively solving the mine car operation, the leaf spring is horizontal dislocation problem, and the leaf spring atress is even, increases the durability.

The utility model also provides a vehicle, front suspension device among the above-mentioned embodiment.

Through using the vehicle among this technical scheme, leaf spring unit and leaf spring seat subassembly on the vehicle front suspension device constitute overall frame structure with the crossbeam respectively, leaf spring seat subassembly and connected to the frame simultaneously, make front suspension device rigidity is better like this, the pitch and the rigidity of heeling increase, the atress is more reasonable, set up leaf spring unit and leaf spring seat subassembly into sliding plate formula connection structure simultaneously, it is little to make the leaf spring atress, the atress of front suspension device part has been improved, the reliability of front suspension device has been improved.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A front suspension apparatus, comprising:

2. The front suspension device according to claim 1, wherein the first cross member and the second cross member are each disposed perpendicular to the leaf spring unit.

3. The front suspension apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a shock-absorbing unit having one end connected to the leaf spring unit and the other end for connection to a vehicle frame.

4. The front suspension apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the shock absorbing unit includes a shock absorber, an upper bracket, and a lower bracket, one end of the shock absorber being connected to the upper bracket, the other end of the shock absorber being connected to the lower bracket, the upper bracket being connected to the vehicle frame, and the lower bracket being connected to the leaf spring unit.

5. The front suspension arrangement of claim 4, wherein the number of shock absorbers is at least two.

6. The front suspension assembly of claim 4, wherein the upper bracket is coupled to the frame by a first pin and the lower bracket is coupled to the shock absorber by a second pin.

7. The front suspension apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the damping unit is provided on each of the first and second leaf spring units, and the damping unit on the first leaf spring unit and the damping unit on the second leaf spring unit are disposed in opposite positions.

8. The front suspension device according to claim 1, further comprising a thrust unit, one end of which is connected to the first plate spring bearing assembly, and the other end of which is connected to an axle.

9. The front suspension assembly of claim 8, wherein the thrust unit further comprises a thrust rod and a fixed seat, one end of the thrust rod is connected with the first plate spring seat assembly, the other end of the thrust rod is connected with one end of the fixed seat, and the other end of the fixed seat is connected with the axle.

10. A vehicle characterized by having a front suspension arrangement according to any one of claims 1-9.