CN114435052A

CN114435052A - Leaf spring suspension system and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN114435052A
Application number: CN202210027282.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王兴平; 成龙; 刘德丰; 禹真; 王仕伟
Original assignee: FAW Group Corp
Current assignee: FAW Group Corp
Priority date: 2022-01-11
Filing date: 2022-01-11
Publication date: 2022-05-06
Anticipated expiration: 2042-01-11
Also published as: CN114435052B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile parts, and discloses a plate spring suspension system which is arranged on a chassis of a vehicle, wherein the vehicle comprises a frame connected with the chassis, the plate spring suspension system comprises a plate spring, a fixing assembly and a pair of buffer mechanisms, the fixing assembly comprises a first fixing piece and a second fixing piece which are respectively used for connecting two ends of the plate spring, the first fixing piece and the second fixing piece are respectively connected with the chassis, the pair of buffer mechanisms are respectively arranged on the first fixing piece and the second fixing piece, and the buffer mechanisms and the chassis of the vehicle frame can offset part of impact force between the fixing assembly and the vehicle frame. In another aspect of the invention, a vehicle is provided comprising a leaf spring suspension system as above. The damping of the plate spring suspension system is improved, the impact on a vehicle body is reduced, when the vehicle runs on an uneven road surface, the bumpy feeling in the vehicle frame is reduced, the comfort is improved, and the impact of the bumpy road surface on passengers can be reduced when the running speed of the vehicle is more than 30 km/h.

Description

Leaf spring suspension system and vehicle

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile parts, in particular to a plate spring suspension system and a vehicle.

Background

The suspension system is a connection system between a vehicle body and an axle of an automobile, and is capable of transmitting force and torque acting between wheels and the vehicle body, and buffering impact force transmitted from an uneven road surface to the vehicle body or chassis, and reducing vibration of the vehicle body, so that the vehicle runs smoothly.

In the prior art, a suspension structure of a passenger car usually adopts a few variable-section steel plate springs as elastic elements. The rigidity of the steel plate spring is high, so that the smoothness of the whole bus is poor, and when the bus runs on an uneven road surface, the bumping feeling in the bus is strong, and the comfort is poor.

Therefore, there is a need to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a plate spring suspension system and a vehicle, and aims to solve the problem that the smoothness of the whole vehicle is poor due to high rigidity of a plate spring suspension.

To achieve the object, an aspect of the present invention provides a leaf spring suspension system provided on a chassis of a vehicle including a frame connected to the chassis, the leaf spring suspension system including:

a plate spring;

the fixing assembly comprises a first fixing piece and a second fixing piece which are respectively used for connecting two ends of the plate spring, and the first fixing piece and the second fixing piece are respectively connected to the chassis; and

and the pair of buffer mechanisms are respectively arranged on the first fixing piece and the second fixing piece, and the buffer mechanisms and the frame underframe can offset part of impact force between the fixing assembly and the frame.

Preferably, the buffer mechanism includes a buffer body and a pressing member, the chassis and the frame are respectively connected to the buffer body and the pressing member, the pressing member presses against the buffer body, the buffer body includes a housing and an elastic member, the housing is connected to the fixing assembly and is provided with a receiving groove for connecting the elastic member, and the elastic member can be pressed by the pressing member and limited in the receiving groove.

Preferably, the elastic member includes a connecting portion and a buffering portion, the connecting portion enables the housing to be embedded into the elastic member, and the buffering portion can be pressed and limited in the accommodating groove by the pressing member.

Preferably, the housing includes:

the connecting flange is detachably connected to the fixed component;

a first bushing connected to the connection flange, the first bushing being embedded in the elastic member;

the outer diameter of the second bushing is smaller than the inner diameter of the first bushing, the second bushing is arranged at the center of the first bushing, the outer side face of the second bushing is arranged opposite to the inner side face of the first bushing, and two ends of the second bushing extend out of the first bushing; and

the limiting part is connected to the second bushing and arranged at one end of the second bushing, the limiting part covers the end face of the first bushing, and the limiting part, the first bushing and the second bushing together form the accommodating groove.

Preferably, the limiting member is provided with a through hole, the diameter of the through hole is smaller than the outer diameter of the second bushing, one end of the second bushing abuts against the limiting member, the pressing member is connected to the buffer body through a bolt, and the bolt sequentially penetrates through the pressing member, the second bushing and the through hole and is connected with the limiting member.

Preferably, the connecting flange, the first bushing, and the second bushing are made of metal, and the elastic member is made of vulcanized rubber.

Preferably, the buffer mechanism includes a pair of the buffer bodies, the pair of the buffer bodies are arranged at intervals, the pressing member can simultaneously press the pair of the buffer bodies, one of the buffer bodies is arranged on the fixing component, and the other of the buffer bodies is arranged on the main beam of the chassis.

Preferably, the leaf spring comprises a reed made of composite materials, the reed comprises a first flat section and a second flat section, the first flat section is located in the middle of the reed and the second flat section is located at two ends of the reed, the first flat section is used for being connected with an axle, and the pair of second flat sections are respectively used for being connected with the first fixing piece and the second fixing piece;

the ratio of the length of the second straight section to the length of the first straight section is 0.9-1.1, and the ratio of the thickness of the second straight section to the thickness of the first straight section is 0.43-0.57.

Preferably, the plate spring further includes an axle connecting portion connected to the axle, the axle connecting portion being provided at the first straight section, the axle connecting portion including:

a pair of nylon backing plates respectively adhered to the top surface and the bottom surface of the first flat section; and

and the pair of metal backing plates are respectively adhered to the pair of nylon backing plates.

Preferably, the plate spring further comprises a pair of lifting lug joints, each lifting lug joint comprises a metal rolling lug, each metal rolling lug is provided with a slot for inserting the second straight section, the upper surface and the lower surface of the second straight section are both rough surfaces, and an adhesive is filled between the second straight section and the slot of the metal rolling lug.

In another aspect the invention provides a vehicle comprising a chassis and a frame, the chassis comprising a leaf spring suspension system as described above.

Preferably, a plurality of the cushion portions are provided between the chassis and the frame, and the frame is connected to the chassis by all the cushion portions.

Preferably, the chassis further comprises a front axle and a rear axle, the plate spring suspension system comprises a front plate spring assembly, a rear plate spring assembly and at least six pairs of buffer mechanisms, the front plate spring assembly and the rear plate spring assembly respectively comprise a pair of plate springs arranged at intervals and a pair of fixing assemblies, each fixing assembly is provided with a pair of buffer mechanisms, and two ends of a main beam of the chassis are respectively provided with at least one pair of buffer mechanisms.

Preferably, the buffer mechanism on the fixed component comprises a pair of buffer bodies, the pair of buffer bodies are arranged at intervals, the frame can simultaneously press the pair of buffer bodies, one buffer body is arranged on the fixed component, and the other buffer body is arranged on a main beam of the chassis.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the damping of the plate spring suspension system is improved through the buffer mechanism, the impact on the vehicle body is reduced, when the vehicle runs on uneven road surfaces, the bumpy feeling in the vehicle frame is reduced, the comfort is improved, and the impact of the bumpy road surfaces on passengers can be reduced when the running speed of the vehicle is more than 30 km/h.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a main beam and leaf spring suspension system of a chassis of a vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the leaf spring suspension system of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a front view of the leaf spring suspension system of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the cushioning mechanism of FIG. 2 positioned on the first stationary member;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the cushioning mechanism of FIG. 3 positioned on the first stationary member;

FIG. 6 is a partial view at R in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the cushioning mechanism of FIG. 2 positioned on a second mount;

FIG. 8 is a graphical representation of the stiffness curve of the cushion body of FIG. 3;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the leaf spring of FIG. 2;

fig. 10 is a front view of the leaf spring of fig. 2.

In the figure:

1. a main beam;

2. a leaf spring suspension system;

21. a plate spring;

211. a reed; 2111. a first straight section; 2112. a second straight section; 212. an axle connection portion; 2121. a nylon backing plate; 2122. a metal backing plate; 213. a lug joint;

22. a first fixing member; 23. a second fixing member; 24. a buffer mechanism; 241. a first bracket; 242. a second bracket; 243. a buffer body; 2431. a connecting flange; 2432. a first bushing; 2433. a second bushing; 2434. a limiting member; 2435. an elastic member; 24351. a connecting portion; 24352. a buffer section; 244. a pressing member; 25. a shock absorber; 26. a plate spring buffer block; 27. a third support;

31. an axle fixing seat; 32. a U-shaped bolt; 33. a stabilizer bar.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.

In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc. are used in an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings only for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have a special meaning.

The embodiment provides a vehicle, this vehicle includes chassis and frame, the chassis includes girder 1, set up the driving system on girder 1, axle system and leaf spring suspension system 2, axle system connects in driving system, driving system can provide power for axle system, make axle system can drive the tire and rotate, axle system connects in leaf spring suspension system 2, leaf spring suspension system 2 keeps apart axle and girder 1, utilize leaf spring 21 of leaf spring suspension system 2 to convert the energy part of bumping from top to bottom of axle into the energy of other forms, thereby the degree of jolting that reduces.

In the prior art, a leaf spring suspension system of a passenger car generally adopts a few variable-section leaf springs as elastic elements. The rigidity of the steel plate spring is high, so that the smoothness of the whole bus is poor, and when the bus runs on an uneven road surface, the bumping feeling in the bus is strong, and the comfort is poor.

In order to solve the above problems, as shown in fig. 1 to 10, a leaf spring suspension system 2 in the present embodiment includes a leaf spring 21, a fixing assembly, a shock absorber 25, a leaf spring buffer 26 and a pair of buffer mechanisms 24, the fixing assembly includes a first fixing member 22 and a second fixing member 23, the first fixing member 22 and the second fixing member 23 are both connected to a main beam 1 of a chassis, the first fixing member 22 and the second fixing member 23 are respectively used for connecting two ends of the leaf spring 21, an axle is connected to a middle section of the leaf spring 21 through an axle fixing seat 31 and a U-bolt 32, a stabilizer bar 33 is connected to two adjacent axle fixing seats 31 and connected to the main beam 1, the axle is located above the leaf spring 21, the leaf spring buffer 26 is fixedly connected to the main beam 1, the leaf spring buffer 26 includes a metal plate and vulcanized rubber connected to the metal plate, the metal plate is connected to a bottom of the main beam 21, and the vulcanized rubber faces the axle, when the plate spring 21 deforms and the axle approaches the main beam 1 gradually, the plate spring buffer block 26 is pressed between the main beam 1 and the housing of the axle to reduce the impact force of the axle to the main beam 1 and limit the upward jump of the plate spring 21. The pair of buffer mechanisms 24 are respectively arranged on the first fixing piece 22 and the second fixing piece 23, the buffer mechanisms 24 are abutted to the frame, partial impact force between the first fixing piece 22 and the frame and between the second fixing piece 23 and the frame can be offset, the damping of the plate spring suspension system 2 is improved, the impact on the vehicle body is reduced, when the passenger car runs on uneven road surfaces, the bumpy feeling in the frame is reduced, the comfort is improved, and the impact feeling of the bumpy road surfaces on passengers can be reduced when the running speed of the passenger car is higher than 30 km/h.

The buffer mechanism 24 includes a buffer body 243 and a pressing member 244, the chassis and the frame are respectively connected to the buffer body 243 and the pressing member 244, the pressing member 244 presses against the buffer body 243, the buffer body 243 includes a housing and an elastic member 2435, the pair of housings are respectively connected to the first fixing member 22 and the second fixing member 23, the housing is provided with a containing groove for connecting the elastic member 2435, the elastic member 2435 can be pressed and limited in the containing groove by the pressing member 244, the buffer capacity of the buffer body 243 can be increased, and the service life of the elastic member 2435 can be prolonged.

The elastic member 2435 includes the connecting portion 24351 and the buffering portion 24352 that integrated into one piece, and connecting portion 24351 makes the casing embedding elastic member 2435, and buffering portion 24352 can be pressed by pressing piece 244 and be limited in the storage tank, not only can make connecting portion 24351 promote the intensity of casing, stabilize the casing to the protection casing prevents the casing deformation, but also can avoid elastic member 2435 to break away from the casing, promotes the joint strength between elastic member 2435 and the casing, and can reduce the noise that the contact extrusion produced.

Further, in this embodiment, the housing includes a connecting flange 2431, a first bushing 2432, a second bushing 2433 and a limiting member 2434, the connecting flange 2431 is provided with a connecting hole, the connecting flange 2431 is detachably connected to the first fixing member 22 or the second fixing member 23 by a bolt, one end of the first bushing 2432 is connected to the connecting flange 2431, the first bushing 2432 is embedded in the elastic member 2435 by the connecting portion 24351, an outer diameter of the second bushing 2433 is smaller than an inner diameter of the first bushing 2432, the second bushing 2433 is disposed at a center of the first bushing 2432, an outer side surface of the second bushing 2433 is disposed opposite to an inner side surface of the first bushing 2432, both ends of the second bushing 2433 protrude out of the first bushing 2432, the limiting member 2434 is connected to the second bushing 2433 and disposed at one end of the second bushing 2433, the limiting member 2434 covers an end surface of the first bushing 2432, the limiting member 2434, the first bushing 2432 and the second bushing 2433 form a receiving groove, the buffer portion 24352 is filled in the receiving groove.

Preferably, in order to facilitate the connection between the buffer body 243 and the pressing member 244, a connecting through hole is formed in the limiting member 2434, the diameter of the connecting through hole is smaller than the outer diameter of the second bushing 2433, one end of the second bushing 2433 abuts against the limiting member 2434, the pressing member 244 is connected to the buffer body 243 by a bolt, and the bolt sequentially passes through the pressing member 244, the second bushing 2433 and the connecting through hole and is connected to the limiting member 2434, so that not only can the buffering force provided by the buffer body 243 be increased, but also the maintenance and replacement of the buffer body 243 are facilitated.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the buffering mechanism 24 includes a pair of buffering bodies 243, the pair of buffering bodies 243 are disposed at intervals, the pressing member 244 can simultaneously press the pair of buffering bodies 243, one buffering body 243 is disposed on the first bracket 241, the first bracket 241 is connected to the first fixing member 22 or the second fixing member 23, the other buffering body 243 is disposed on the second bracket 242, the second bracket 242 is connected to the main beam 1 of the chassis, two ends of the pressing member 244 are respectively connected to the pair of buffering bodies 243, the frame is connected to the middle section of the pressing member 244, the pressing member 244 is a double-wing type, the middle section of the pressing member 244 is recessed downward, and the transitional connection part between the middle section and the two ends of the pressing member 244 can guide the pressure of the frame to the pressing member 244, so that the pressure is uniformly distributed on the pair of buffer bodies 243, thereby further increasing the damping of the leaf spring suspension system 2 and improving the comfort of passengers.

In the present embodiment, the plate spring 21 includes a leaf 211, an axle-connecting portion 212, and a pair of shackle joints 213, the leaf 211 includes a first straight portion 2111 for connecting to the axle-connecting portion 212, a pair of second straight portions 2112 for connecting to the pair of shackle joints 213, and a transition portion between the first straight portion 2111 and the pair of second straight portions 2112, respectively, the pair of shackle joints 213 is for connecting to the first attachment 22 and the second attachment 23, respectively, the axle-connecting portion 212 is connected to the axle, the first straight portion 2111 is located at a midpoint of the leaf 211, and the second straight portion 2112 is located at both ends of the leaf 211. The reed 211 is made of composite materials, glass fibers are selected as reinforcing materials, polyurethane resin is selected as a base material, the density of the reed 211 is about 2g/cm3, the laying angle of the glass fibers is 0 degree, 90 degrees and +/-45 degrees, the total number of layers is 40-60, and the laying proportion is as follows: the 0 degree/45 is 3.5-4.5, the layer ratio of each direction is more than or equal to 10%, and the reed 211 is of an RTM process forming structure. RTM (Resin Transfer Molding), which is a process method for injecting Resin into a closed die to soak a reinforcing material and curing and Molding, is suitable for Molding various advanced composite materials with high quality in medium and batch quantities, has excellent product surface, less volatile components and pollution in the Molding process, and has strong production automation adaptability cavity, less investment and high production efficiency.

The ear-hooking joint 213 includes a metal lug, the metal lug is provided with a slot for inserting the second straight section 2112, the upper and lower surfaces of the second straight section 2112 of the spring plate 211 are polished into a rough surface and then inserted into the slot, the metal lug is connected with the second straight section 2112 by passing through the metal lug and a connecting hole of the second straight section 2112 through a bolt, and a gap between the slot of the metal lug and the second straight section 2112 is filled with an adhesive.

Preferably, the thickness of the transition section gradually increases from the second straight section 2112 to the first straight section 2111, the thickness of the first straight section 2111 is the largest, the ratio of the length of the second straight section 2112 to the length of the first straight section 2111 is 0.9-1.1, and the ratio of the thickness of the second straight section 2112 to the thickness of the first straight section 2111 is 0.43-0.57, so that the spring 211 can bear large bending stress and is not easy to break and damage.

The axle connecting portion 212 is usually bolted to the spring plate 211, and since a group of connecting holes for connecting with the axle connecting portion 212 needs to be drilled on the spring plate 211, a stress concentration phenomenon occurs at a portion of the spring plate 211 located between the plurality of connecting holes, thereby reducing the strength of the spring plate 211, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the axle connecting portion 212 of the present embodiment includes a pair of nylon shim plates 2121 and a pair of metal shim plates 2122, after the upper and lower surfaces of the first straight section 2111 are polished to be roughened, a pair of nylon shim plates 2121 are respectively bonded to the top and bottom surfaces of the first straight section 2111, a pair of metal shim plates 2122 are respectively bonded to the pair of nylon shim plates 2121, the first straight section 2111 of the reed 211 is then attached to a pair of nylon spacers 2121 and a pair of metal spacers 2122 using only one bolt, therefore, a plurality of connecting holes are prevented from being formed in the first straight section 2111 of the reed 211, and the strength of the reed 211 is improved.

In the half-bearing process of the passenger car, firstly, the plate spring suspension system 2, the power system, the steering system and the axle system are installed on the main beam 1 in a chassis workshop, then, the chassis is transported to a welding workshop, welding work between the frame and the chassis is carried out, in order to further improve the buffer performance of the plate spring suspension system 2, in the embodiment, the main beam 1 is provided with a plurality of third supports 27 for installing the buffer mechanisms 24, the frame is connected to the chassis through all the buffer mechanisms 24, therefore, the damping between the chassis and the frame can be improved, and further, the comfort level of passengers is improved.

As shown in fig. 8, it can be seen that the effective extrusion deformation amount of the buffer body 243 is between 0mm and 10mm, the maximum extrusion load is 5000N, while the vehicle body of the passenger vehicle is usually large in deformation amount of about 6mm, in the deformation amount of 6mm, the buffer body 243 can counteract the impact force of 3000N, four buffer mechanisms 24 are respectively arranged on the front leaf spring suspension system and the rear leaf spring suspension system, the four buffer mechanisms 24 have 8 buffer bodies 243 in total, so that the front leaf spring suspension assembly and the rear leaf spring suspension assembly can buffer the impact force of 32000N, and the front part and the tail part of the vehicle body are usually large in deformation amount, therefore, a pair of buffer mechanisms 24 are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the main beam 1 of the chassis, each buffer mechanism 24 comprises one buffer body 243, and the pair of buffer bodies 243 can respectively buffer the impact force of 6000N. The mass of passenger train is about 6 tons usually, and all buffer body 243 can reduce 1.2 times acceleration of gravity at least when the automobile body warp 6mm, has eliminated the sense of jolting of passenger in the frame greatly, has greatly promoted stationarity and comfort level.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the leaf spring suspension system 2 includes a front leaf spring assembly, a rear leaf spring assembly and twelve cushioning mechanisms 24, wherein the front leaf spring assembly and the rear leaf spring assembly each include a pair of leaf springs 21 arranged at an interval, and a pair of fixed assemblies, one cushioning mechanism 24 is arranged on each first fixing member 22 and each second fixing member 23, and the front leaf spring assembly and the rear leaf spring assembly each include 4 cushioning mechanisms 24, wherein each cushioning mechanism 24 includes a pair of cushioning bodies 243 arranged at an interval, one of the cushioning bodies 243 is arranged on the fixed assemblies, and the other cushioning body 243 is arranged on the main beam 1. The main beam 1 is provided at both ends thereof with a pair of buffer mechanisms 24 disposed at intervals, and the buffer mechanisms 24 may include a buffer body 243. The frame is connected to the chassis through the twelve buffer mechanisms 24, so that the stability and comfort of passengers in the frame can be greatly improved.

In other embodiments, depending on the weight of the head and the tail of the vehicle, a pair of buffer bodies 243 may be disposed in the buffer mechanisms 24 at the two ends of the main beam 1 to increase the damping of the head and the tail of the frame with the chassis, respectively, so as to reduce the impact force applied to the head and the tail of the frame, which is not limited herein.

It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Numerous obvious variations, adaptations and substitutions will occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A leaf spring suspension system for placement on a chassis of a vehicle, the vehicle including a frame connected to the chassis, the leaf spring suspension system comprising:

a plate spring (21);

the fixing assembly comprises a first fixing piece (22) and a second fixing piece (23) which are respectively used for connecting two ends of the plate spring (21), and the first fixing piece (22) and the second fixing piece (23) are respectively connected to the chassis; and

and a pair of buffer mechanisms (24) respectively arranged on the first fixing piece (22) and the second fixing piece (23), wherein the buffer mechanisms (24) are abutted against the frame and can offset part of impact force between the fixing assembly and the frame.

2. The leaf spring suspension system according to claim 1, wherein the damping mechanism (24) comprises a damping body (243) and a pressing member (244), the chassis and the frame are respectively connected to the damping body (243) and the pressing member (244), the pressing member (244) presses against the damping body (243), the damping body (243) comprises a housing and an elastic member (2435), the housing is connected to the fixed component and is provided with a containing groove for connecting the elastic member (2435), and the elastic member (2435) can be pressed and limited in the containing groove by the pressing member (244).

3. The plate spring suspension system according to claim 2, wherein the elastic member (2435) includes a connecting portion (24351) and a buffer portion (24352) which are integrally formed, the connecting portion (24351) embedding the housing into the elastic member (2435), the buffer portion (24352) being pressably defined in the accommodating groove by the pressing member (244).

4. The leaf spring suspension system of claim 3 wherein the housing comprises:

a connecting flange (2431) removably connected to the stationary assembly;

a first bushing (2432) connected to the connecting flange (2431), the first bushing (2432) being embedded in the elastic member (2435);

a second bushing (2433) having an outer diameter smaller than an inner diameter of the first bushing (2432), the second bushing (2433) being disposed at a center of the first bushing (2432), an outer side of the second bushing (2433) being disposed opposite to an inner side of the first bushing (2432), and both ends of the second bushing (2433) protruding out of the first bushing (2432); and

the limiting piece (2434) is connected to the second bushing (2433) and arranged at one end of the second bushing (2433), the limiting piece (2434) covers the end face of the first bushing (2432), and the limiting piece (2434), the first bushing (2432) and the second bushing (2433) form the accommodating groove together.

5. The leaf spring suspension system according to claim 4, characterized in that the limiting member (2434) is provided with a through hole having a diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the second bushing (2433), and one end of the second bushing (2433) abuts against the limiting member (2434), and the pressing member (244) is connected to the damping body (243) by a bolt which passes through the pressing member (244), the second bushing (2433) and the through hole in this order, and is connected to the limiting member (2434).

6. The leaf spring suspension system according to claim 4, characterized in that the connecting flange (2431), the first bushing (2432) and the second bushing (2433) are all made of metal, the elastic member (2435) being made of vulcanized rubber.

7. The leaf spring suspension system according to claim 2, characterized in that the damping mechanism (24) comprises a pair of the damping bodies (243), the pair of the damping bodies (243) being arranged at a distance, the pressing member (244) being capable of pressing against the pair of the damping bodies (243) simultaneously, one of the damping bodies (243) being arranged on the fixed component and the other damping body (243) being arranged on the main beam (1) of the chassis.

8. The leaf spring suspension system according to claim 1, wherein the leaf spring (21) comprises a leaf (211) made of a composite material, the leaf (211) comprising a first straight section (2111) at a middle section of the leaf (211) and a second straight section (2112) at both ends of the leaf (211), the first straight section (2111) being adapted to be connected to a vehicle axle, a pair of the second straight sections (2112) being adapted to be connected to the first fixing member (22) and the second fixing member (23), respectively;

the ratio of the length of the second straight section (2112) to the length of the first straight section (2111) is 0.9-1.1, and the ratio of the thickness of the second straight section (2112) to the thickness of the first straight section (2111) is 0.43-0.57.

9. The leaf spring suspension system according to claim 8, wherein the leaf spring (21) further comprises an axle connection (212) connected with the axle, the axle connection (212) being provided at the first straight section (2111), the axle connection (212) comprising:

a pair of nylon pads (2121) adhered to the top and bottom surfaces of the first straight section (2111), respectively; and

and a pair of metal pads (2122) bonded to the pair of nylon pads (2121), respectively.

10. The leaf spring suspension system according to claim 8, characterized in that the leaf spring (21) further comprises:

the pair of lifting lug joints (213), each lifting lug joint (213) comprises a metal rolling lug, each metal rolling lug is provided with an insertion groove used for being inserted into the second straight section (2112), the upper surface and the lower surface of each second straight section (2112) are rough surfaces, and an adhesive is filled between each second straight section (2112) and the insertion groove of each metal rolling lug.

11. A vehicle comprising a chassis and a frame, characterized in that the chassis comprises a leaf spring suspension system according to any of claims 1-8.

12. The vehicle of claim 11, characterized in that a plurality of said cushioning mechanisms (24) are disposed between said chassis and said frame, said frame being connected to said chassis by all of said cushioning mechanisms (24).

13. The vehicle of claim 12, wherein the chassis further comprises a front axle and a rear axle, the leaf spring suspension system comprising a front leaf spring assembly, a rear leaf spring assembly, and at least six pairs of cushioning mechanisms (24), wherein:

the front leaf spring assembly and the rear leaf spring assembly respectively comprise a pair of leaf springs (21) arranged at intervals and a pair of fixing assemblies, and each fixing assembly is provided with a pair of buffer mechanisms (24);

at least one pair of buffer mechanisms (24) is arranged at both ends of the main beam (1) of the chassis.

14. The vehicle of claim 13, characterized in that the buffer mechanism (24) on the fixed component comprises a pair of buffer bodies (243), the pair of buffer bodies (243) are arranged at intervals, the frame can simultaneously press against the pair of buffer bodies (243), one buffer body (243) is arranged on the fixed component, and the other buffer body (243) is arranged on a main beam (1) of the chassis.