CN212325308U - Pre-wetting rotary drum for processing mulberry leaf black tea - Google Patents
Pre-wetting rotary drum for processing mulberry leaf black tea Download PDFInfo
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- CN212325308U CN212325308U CN202021176682.9U CN202021176682U CN212325308U CN 212325308 U CN212325308 U CN 212325308U CN 202021176682 U CN202021176682 U CN 202021176682U CN 212325308 U CN212325308 U CN 212325308U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a prewetting rotary drum for processing mulberry leaf black tea, which comprises two upright posts which are arranged just opposite to each other, a horizontal rotary drum which is arranged between the two upright posts in a rotating way, and a rotary motor which drives the rotary drum to rotate, wherein the two upright posts can be independently far away from or close to the rotary drum; also includes a spraying component for spraying the inside of the rotary drum. The utility model provides a prewetting rotary drum can carry out the homogeneous mixing to the material in the rotary drum through rotating, and the spraying subassembly is rotating the process and carrying out the humidification to the material, can make the humidification more even, and simultaneously, the rotary drum that provides can also be used for turning over the heap to the material, reaches a tractor serves several purposes' purpose.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a mulberry leaf deep-processing technical field especially relates to a rotary drum wets in advance for processing of mulberry leaf dark tea.
Background
Folium Mori contains alkaloid of 1-Deoxynojirimycin (DNJ), and is rich in aminobutyric acid and plant alcohol, and its content is 3-4 times of that of green tea. Has weight reducing, skin caring, and blood sugar lowering effects.
Few enterprises for producing the dark tea by fermenting the mulberry leaves exist, and the existing production technology continues the traditional manual pile fermentation natural fermentation mode. For example, the patent of 'mulberry leaf Fuzhuan tea and a production method thereof (patent number 201310441068.9)' applied by the Hunan agriculture and garden gardening academy, the Hunan mulberry leaf and agriculture technology limited company, the Anhua county Yunnan Ge tea industry limited company and the like is prepared by the steps of grading and harvesting mulberry leaves, spreading green and cutting, deactivating green and rolling, piling and baking, crushing and screening, measuring water and grouting, steaming and piling, secondary steaming, metering and building, and flowering and drying. Through the secondary artificial steam pile fermentation culture process treatment, the production cycle of the product is long, and the high-temperature and high-humidity environment is easy to cause the breeding of mixed bacteria, so that the quality of the tea is finally influenced, and the tea is not suitable for production all the year round.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the utility model provides a fermentation process of black mulberry tea, which solves the problems that the production cycle of black mulberry tea in the prior art is long, the quality is affected by the breeding of miscellaneous bacteria easily and the production is not suitable for the whole year.
According to an embodiment of the utility model, a mulberry leaf dark tea fermentation process comprises
Pre-wetting dry tea:
humidifying dry tea with the water content of 10-15% by adopting a pre-wetting rotary drum until the water content is 28-35%, and leading out the pre-wetting tea from the pre-wetting rotary drum to obtain pre-wetting tea;
and (3) fermenting for the third time:
transfer to the fermentation chamber after will prewet for tea cube or cuboid fermenting case compaction, set for fermentation temperature 40 ~ 60 ℃, fermentation humidity 60 ~ 65%, carry out the cubic fermentation, wherein:
fermenting for 5-7 days for the first time, 5-6 days for the second time and 4-5 days for the third time;
and (3) drying:
and drying the pre-wetted tea subjected to the three-time fermentation until the water content is 8-13%.
According to the technical scheme, the production cycle of the mulberry leaf black tea produced through three times of fermentation is shortened to about 17 days from the traditional 20-25 days, the temperature is controlled to be 60 ℃ at the highest in the whole process, the humidity is 65% at the highest, mixed bacteria cannot grow, the influence of seasons is avoided, and the production in the whole year can be realized.
Further, turning is further included between the first fermentation and the second fermentation and between the second fermentation and the third fermentation:
the fermented pre-wetting tea and the fermentation box are conveyed out of the fermentation chamber, the pre-wetting tea is poured out of the fermentation box and then conveyed into the pre-wetting rotary drum to be fully scattered, then the pre-wetting rotary drum is guided out to be compacted again, and then the pre-wetting tea is conveyed into the fermentation chamber.
Further, in the first fermentation, the second fermentation and the third fermentation, the temperature of the fermentation chamber is adjusted so that the temperature of the center of the fermentation tank is made to proceed
The following changes:
and (3) first fermentation: initial temperature rising to 40 → 50 → 60 → 65 → 68 → 65 ℃ → 68 ℃ maintaining for 24 hours;
and (3) secondary fermentation and third fermentation: and 4. warming to 60 ℃ → warming to 65 ℃ → warming to 68 → maintaining 65 ℃ to 68 ℃ for 24 h.
Further, after the pre-wet tea is filled into a fermentation box, the pre-wet tea in the box is pressed down to 75-85% of the original height.
According to the embodiment of the utility model, the pre-wetting rotary drum for processing the mulberry leaf black tea in the technical scheme is further provided, and the pre-wetting rotary drum comprises two upright posts which are arranged just opposite to each other, a horizontal rotary drum which is rotatably arranged between the two upright posts, and a rotary motor which drives the rotary drum to rotate, wherein the two upright posts can be independently far away from or close to the rotary drum; also includes a spraying component for spraying the inside of the rotary drum.
In this technical scheme, can carry out the homogeneous mixing to the material in the rotary drum through rotating, the spraying subassembly is rotating the process and is humidifying the material, can make the humidification more even, and simultaneously, the rotary drum that provides can also be used for turning over the heap to the material, reaches a tractor serves several purposes' purpose.
Further, the rotary drum includes the barrel that is the drum form and is located two go-between at barrel both ends, the upper end fixed connection of stand has the horizontal installation pole, fixedly connected with rotates the backup pad of being connected with the go-between that is close to it on the installation pole, is provided with the rotation support ring that extends to the go-between in the backup pad.
Furthermore, a first baffle plate and a second baffle plate which extend into the barrel are fixedly connected to one of the supporting plates, and the first baffle plate is positioned above the second baffle plate; the spraying assembly comprises a plurality of spray heads which are arranged on the first baffle and have upward outlets, a water inlet pipe which is arranged on the installation rod and close to the first baffle, and a communication channel which is arranged between the water inlet pipe and the spray heads.
Further, an annular toothed belt is arranged on the cylinder, and a rotating shaft of the rotating motor is fixedly connected with a gear meshed with the annular toothed belt.
Furthermore, two convolution motors respectively close to two ends of the cylinder are further installed between the two upright columns, convolution ropes are fixedly connected to rotating shafts of the convolution motors, and pull rods are fixedly connected to the other ends of the convolution ropes after the other ends of the convolution ropes penetrate through the upright columns close to the convolution ropes; one end of the mounting rod, which is far away from the cylinder body, penetrates through the upright post connected with the mounting rod and is provided with a bayonet for the clamping of the pull rod close to the mounting rod.
Furthermore, the upright post is provided with mounting grooves at two sides of the upright post, a horizontal rotating roller is rotatably mounted in the mounting groove, and the convolution rope is bent by the rotating roller close to the convolution rope and then penetrates into the other mounting groove and is bent by the rotating roller and then is fixedly connected with the pull rod; and the device also comprises two rails which are horizontally arranged and used for the corresponding upright post to move.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
1) the production period of the mulberry leaf dark tea is greatly shortened from 20-25 days to about 17 days, and the production efficiency of enterprises is improved;
2) through the control of temperature and humidity, the production process can realize annual production, while the traditional production process can only carry out production in 6-10 months per year, thereby avoiding the adverse effect on enterprises caused by shutdown;
3) the proper temperature and humidity are adopted in the production process, so that the problem that the mixed bacteria are easily bred in the environment with overhigh temperature and humidity and low temperature is avoided, and the product quality is guaranteed;
4) the provided pre-wetting rotary drum can perform pre-wetting operation and can scatter materials to complete turning and stacking, so that the purposes of one machine for multiple purposes, the utilization rate of equipment is improved, and the production cost of enterprises is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an overall external appearance structure of embodiment 4 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the internal overall structure of embodiment 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 2;
in the above drawings: 1. a column; 2. a rotating drum; 3. a rotating electric machine; 4. a track; 5. a barrel; 6. a connecting ring; 7. mounting a rod; 8. a support plate; 9. rotating the support ring; 10. a toothed belt; 11. a gear; 12. a first baffle plate; 13. a second baffle; 14. a spray head; 15. a water inlet pipe; 16. a communicating channel; 17. a convolution motor; 18. a convolution rope; 19. a pull rod; 20. a bayonet; 21. mounting grooves; 22. the roller is rotated.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a mulberry leaf dark tea fermentation process, which comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: preparing raw material tea: the mulberry leaf raw material tea is prepared into raw material tea by steps of collecting mulberry leaves, cleaning, cutting leaves, deactivating enzyme, rolling and drying (the water content is 10%);
the second step is that: humidifying raw tea by adopting a prewetting rotary drum until the moisture content is 28%, transferring the raw tea to a fermentation box without a cover, wherein the fermentation box is 1m x 1m or 1m x 1.2m, compacting the raw tea, lowering the upper surface to the original height of 85%, transferring the raw tea to a fermentation chamber for first fermentation, 24 fermentation boxes are placed in each fermentation chamber, and the raw tea is placed in double layers, so that 2.5 tons of mulberry leaf tea can be fermented each time:
in the first fermentation process, the temperature of the fermentation chamber is controlled to be 40-60 ℃, the humidity is controlled to be 60-65%, and the temperature rise process in the fermentation box is as follows:
the temperature is increased from the initial temperature to 40 ℃ for 28h → the temperature is increased to 50 ℃ for 36h → the temperature is increased to 60 ℃ for 36h → the temperature is increased to 65 ℃ for 24h → the temperature is increased to 68 ℃ for 24h → the temperature is maintained between 65 ℃ and 68 ℃ for 24h, and the whole process is 7 d;
the third step: the raw materials tea through first fermentation is transported and is turned over the heap in prewetting the rotary drum, will fully break up (not starting the spraying subassembly this moment) because of the raw materials tea of fermentation caking, then carries out the compaction in the second step again, transports and carries out the fermentation of second time in the fermentation chamber, then turns over the heap again, carries out the fermentation of third time, wherein:
in the second fermentation, the temperature rise process in the fermentation box is as follows:
heating the tea leaves in the box to 40 ℃ for 24h → heating to 60 ℃ for 24h → heating to 65 ℃ for 24h → heating to 68 ℃ for 24h → maintaining 65-68 ℃ for 24h, and the whole process is 5 d;
in the third fermentation, the temperature rise process in the fermentation box is as follows:
heating the tea leaves in the box to 40 ℃ for 24h → heating to 60 ℃ for 24h → heating to 65 ℃ for 24h → heating to 68 ℃ for 24h → maintaining 65-68 ℃ for 24h, and the whole process is 5 d;
the fourth step: and drying the raw material tea after the three times of fermentation until the water content is 8%.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a mulberry leaf dark tea fermentation process, which is the same as the embodiment 1 except for the following contents, and the specific differences are as follows:
in the first step, the water content of the raw material tea is dried to 12 percent;
in the second step, the raw material tea is pre-wetted until the water content is 30 percent;
during the first fermentation, the temperature rise process in the fermentation box is as follows:
20h is needed for heating from the initial temperature to 40 ℃, 24h is needed for heating to 50 ℃, 30h is needed for heating to 60 ℃, 24h is needed for heating to 65 ℃, 24h is needed for heating to 68 ℃, 24h is needed for maintaining 65-68 ℃ for heating, and the whole process is 6 d;
in the third step, during the second fermentation, the temperature rise process in the fermentation box is as follows:
heating the tea leaves in the box to 40 ℃ for 30h → heating to 60 ℃ for 36h → heating to 65 ℃ for 30h → heating to 68 ℃ for 24h → maintaining 65-68 ℃ for 24h, and the whole process is 6 d;
during the second fermentation, the temperature rise process in the fermentation box is as follows:
heating the tea leaves in the box to 40 ℃ for 20h → heating to 60 ℃ for 16h → heating to 65 ℃ for 16h → heating to 68 ℃ for 20h → maintaining 65-68 ℃ for 24h, and the whole process is 4 d;
in the fourth step, the raw material tea after the third fermentation is dried until the water content is 10%.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a mulberry leaf dark tea fermentation process, which is the same as the embodiment 1 except for the following contents, and the specific differences are as follows:
in the first step, the water content of the raw material tea is dried to 15 percent;
in the second step, the raw material tea is pre-wetted until the water content is 32 percent;
in the fourth step, the raw material tea after the third fermentation is dried until the water content is 13%.
In the above embodiments 1 to 3, since the biological heat is generated and the water vapor is generated during the fermentation process, the environmental temperature and the humidity are changed, the temperature and the humidity of the fermentation chamber are changed in real time, and when the temperature of the fermentation chamber is higher than 58 ℃, the exhaust fan disposed in the fermentation chamber is opened to exhaust and cool the air, so that the temperature is in the range required by the process.
Example 4
As shown in figures 1 to 3, the embodiment provides a pre-wetting rotary drum for processing mulberry leaf black tea,
the device comprises two upright posts 1 which are arranged oppositely, a horizontal rotary drum 2 which is arranged between the two upright posts 1 in a rotating way, and a rotary motor 3 which drives the rotary drum 2 to rotate, wherein the two upright posts 1 can be independently far away from or close to the rotary drum 2 in order to facilitate feeding and discharging;
the pre-wetting rotary drum 2 also comprises a spraying component for spraying water in the rotary drum 2, and the aim of wetting materials in the rotary drum 2 is fulfilled by supplying water to the spraying component; the prewetting drum 2 further comprises two rails 4 horizontally arranged for the corresponding upright 1 to move.
In this embodiment, one of the columns 1 is remote from the drum 2, i.e. the feed or discharge is effected through the end of the drum 2.
Preferably, the rotary drum 2 includes a drum 5 in a circular drum shape and two connection rings 6 at two ends of the drum 5, a horizontal installation rod 7 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the upright 1, a support plate 8 is fixedly connected to the installation rod 7 and rotatably connected to the connection ring 6 close to the installation rod, a rotation support ring 9 extending into the connection ring 6 is arranged on the support plate 8, an outer annular wall of the rotation support ring 9 is slidably connected to an inner wall of the connection ring 6 to provide a rotation base and a support base, and meanwhile, when the upright 1 moves, the rotation support ring 9 can move along with the rotation support ring, so that a feed port (i.e., one end portion of the rotary drum 2) can be conveniently opened and.
Preferably, an annular toothed belt 10 is arranged on the barrel 5, a gear 11 meshed with the annular toothed belt 10 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft of the rotating motor 3, and the rotating motor 3 rotates to drive the rotating drum 2 to rotate along with the gear 11 and the toothed belt 10; when one upright post 1 is far away from the rotary drum 2, the rotary drum 2 is supported by the other upright post 1 and the gear 11;
when 2 operation of rotary drum of prewetting, can carry out the homogeneous mixing to the material in the rotary drum 2 through rotating, the spraying subassembly is rotating the process and is humidifying the material, can make the humidification more even, and simultaneously, rotary drum 2 that provides can also be used for turning over the heap to the material, reaches a tractor serves several purposes' purpose.
Preferably, a first baffle plate 12 and a second baffle plate 13 extending into the barrel 5 are fixedly connected to one of the support plates 8, the first baffle plate 12 is located above the second baffle plate 13, the arrangement of the two baffle plates can break the consistency of the running direction of the raw material tea when the device rotates, so that the raw material tea can be fully scattered and prewetted, and when the barrel 5 rotates, the two baffle plates stand still, so that the stirring and scattering operation of the materials in the barrel 5 is performed;
the spraying assembly comprises a plurality of spray heads 14 which are arranged on the first baffle plate 12 and have upward outlets, a water inlet pipe 15 which is arranged on the mounting rod 7 close to the first baffle plate 12, and a communication channel 16 which is arranged between the water inlet pipe 15 and the spray heads 14, wherein the water inlet pipe 15 for spraying water is connected in and enters each spray head 14 through the communication channel 16, and spraying humidification is realized in the rotary drum 2; particularly, set up shower nozzle 14 on first baffle 12, avoid the material to pile up in shower nozzle 14 department, can prevent that the material from blockking up the export of shower nozzle 14, and the water smoke upwards scatters, can cover bigger area for the spraying is more even, high-efficient.
Preferably, two convolution motors 17 respectively close to two ends of the cylinder 5 are further mounted between the two upright posts 1, a convolution rope 18 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft of each convolution motor 17, and a pull rod 19 is fixedly connected to the other end of each convolution rope 18 after penetrating through the upright post 1 close to the convolution rope 18; one end of the mounting rod 7, which is far away from the cylinder 5, penetrates through the upright post 1 connected with the mounting rod and is provided with a bayonet 20 for the pull rod 19 close to the mounting rod to be clamped into; when the stand 1 moves, the convolution motor 17 assists through unreeling or rolling, and the stability of moving is guaranteed:
when keeping away from rotary drum 2, convolution motor 17 unreels, and when being close to rotary drum 2, convolution motor 17 rolling enables the one end that installation pole 7 kept away from rotary drum 2 like this and receives the pulling force to support installation pole 7 to rotary drum 2 direction tightly, prevents to rotate support ring 9 and break away from with go-between 6.
Preferably, in order to ensure the normal operation of convolution, the upright post 1 is provided with mounting grooves 21 located on two sides thereof, a horizontal rotating roller 22 is rotatably mounted in the mounting groove, the convolution rope 18 is folded by the rotating roller 22 close to the convolution rope and penetrates into another mounting groove 21, and is folded by the rotating roller 22 therein and then is fixedly connected with the pull rod 19, particularly, the pull rod 19 is clamped with the bayonet 20, so that the pull rod 19 can be conveniently taken down, the pre-wetting rotary drum 2 can be conveniently detached, and the equipment maintenance is facilitated.
In the above examples 1 to 3, when the pre-wetting drum is used for humidification, the water used for humidification is constant-temperature purified water at 30 ℃, water is supplied by a high-pressure water inlet manner, feeding, rotating and pre-wetting are performed simultaneously, so that the pre-wetting process is more uniform than manual experience-based sprinkling pre-wetting, the humidity control is accurate, rapid and sanitary, and rapid fermentation is facilitated (the original process is that the raw tea is directly poured on the ground, and the raw tea is manually watered and pre-wetted by tap water, which is neither uniform, accurate nor sanitary); the temperature of the mulberry leaf tea is increased faster than that of the mulberry leaf tea subjected to primary fermentation, so that the period of the secondary fermentation and the tertiary fermentation is 1-2 days shorter than that of the primary fermentation.
The wall of the fermentation chamber is filled with heat insulation materials, and the size of the fermentation chamber is 5 meters by 3 meters; the fermentation chamber is provided with an air outlet and an air outlet, wherein the upper part of the fermentation chamber is provided with the air outlet and the air inlet, the bottom of the air outlet is 2.5 meters away from the ground of the fermentation chamber, the height of the air outlet is 0.3 meter, the length of the air outlet is 0.5 meter, and the air outlets are uniformly distributed on the rear wall of the fermentation chamber; the air suction opening is circular, the diameter of the air suction opening is 0.3 m, the center height of the air suction opening is consistent with that of the air exhaust windows, and the air suction opening is arranged between the two air exhaust windows. When the temperature or the humidity is too high, air can be pumped for cooling or dehumidifying, the fermentation chamber is provided with a heating device, and a natural gas radiator is used for heating; humidifier humidification is equipped with to four angles at fermentation chamber top to be equipped with temperature and humidity probe and be used for surveying the temperature and the humidity of whole fermentation process, after the fermenting case gets into the fermentation chamber and puts, will be in the middle of the middle part of the raw materials with 5 fermenting cases all around insert temperature and humidity probe.
The fermentation production process provided by the above embodiment:
1) the production period of the mulberry leaf dark tea is greatly shortened from 20-25 days to about 17 days, and the production efficiency of enterprises is improved;
2) through the control of temperature and humidity, the production process can realize annual production, while the traditional production process can only carry out production in 6-10 months per year, thereby avoiding the adverse effect on enterprises caused by shutdown;
3) the proper temperature and humidity are adopted in the production process, so that the problem that the mixed bacteria are easily bred in the environment with overhigh temperature and humidity and low temperature is avoided, and the product quality is guaranteed;
4) the provided pre-wetting rotary drum can perform pre-wetting operation and can scatter materials to complete turning and stacking, so that the purposes of one machine for multiple purposes, the utilization rate of equipment is improved, and the production cost of enterprises is reduced.
Finally, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention can be modified or replaced by other means without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which should be construed as limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The pre-wetting rotary drum for processing the mulberry leaf black tea is characterized by comprising two upright posts which are arranged oppositely, a horizontal rotary drum which is arranged between the two upright posts in a rotating mode, and a rotary motor which drives the rotary drum to rotate, wherein the two upright posts can be independently far away from or close to the rotary drum; also includes a spraying component for spraying the inside of the rotary drum.
2. The pre-wetting rotary drum for processing black tea containing mulberry leaves as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotary drum comprises a drum body in a circular drum shape and two connecting rings at both ends of the drum body, a horizontal mounting rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the upright column, a supporting plate is fixedly connected to the mounting rod and rotatably connected to the connecting ring adjacent to the mounting rod, and a rotating supporting ring extending into the connecting rings is arranged on the supporting plate.
3. The pre-wetting rotary drum for processing mulberry leaf dark tea as claimed in claim 2, wherein a first baffle and a second baffle extending into the drum are fixedly connected to one of the support plates, and the first baffle is positioned above the second baffle; the spraying assembly comprises a plurality of spray heads which are arranged on the first baffle and have upward outlets, a water inlet pipe which is arranged on the installation rod and close to the first baffle, and a communication channel which is arranged between the water inlet pipe and the spray heads.
4. The pre-wetting rotary drum for processing the mulberry leaf dark tea as claimed in claim 2, wherein an annular toothed belt is arranged on the drum body, and a gear meshed with the annular toothed belt is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft of the rotating motor.
5. The pre-wetting rotary drum for processing the mulberry leaf dark tea as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein two convolution motors are respectively installed between the two upright columns and are close to the two ends of the drum body, convolution ropes are fixedly connected to the rotating shafts of the convolution motors, and pull rods are fixedly connected to the other ends of the convolution ropes after the other ends of the convolution ropes penetrate through the upright columns close to the convolution motors; one end of the mounting rod, which is far away from the cylinder body, penetrates through the upright post connected with the mounting rod and is provided with a bayonet for the clamping of the pull rod close to the mounting rod.
6. The pre-wetting rotary drum for processing the mulberry leaf dark tea as claimed in claim 5, wherein the upright post is provided with mounting grooves at both sides thereof, a horizontal rotating roller is rotatably mounted in the mounting grooves, the convolution rope is folded by the rotating roller adjacent to the convolution rope and then penetrates into another mounting groove, and then is folded by the rotating roller and then is fixedly connected with the pull rod; and the device also comprises two rails which are horizontally arranged and used for the corresponding upright post to move.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111543513A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-08-18 | 宜昌市农业科学研究院(宜昌市现代农业展示中心) | Mulberry leaf black tea fermentation process and prewetting rotary drum |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111543513A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-08-18 | 宜昌市农业科学研究院(宜昌市现代农业展示中心) | Mulberry leaf black tea fermentation process and prewetting rotary drum |
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