CN212297251U

CN212297251U - Tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing

Info

Publication number: CN212297251U
Application number: CN202020607841.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邝锦祥; 李锻能
Original assignee: WINTOP (DONGGUAN) INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Current assignee: WINTOP (DONGGUAN) INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Priority date: 2020-04-21
Filing date: 2020-04-21
Publication date: 2021-01-05
Anticipated expiration: 2030-04-21

Abstract

The utility model provides a to the tile back of body implement tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing of feedback support in pressure fluid, relates to slide bearing technical field, specifically includes bearing outer loop, tile fragment and installation component, is provided with the oil groove on the tile fragment glide plane, and the oil intracavity that sets up on the oil groove aggregation glide plane pressure lubrication fluid and the leading-in tile fragment back of feedback through the oilhole forms the bearing force to the tile fragment. The middle part of the tile is provided with a deformation structure, the tile is divided into two blocks, and the mounting assembly applies radial elastic pressing force to the tile. When the bearing works, under the action of the bearing force of the oil cavity on the back of the pad block, the corresponding block of the pad block overcomes the radial elastic pressing force and the main shaft load force, and tilts by taking the deformation structure as a fulcrum, so that the bearing bush can tilt, and a convergence gap is formed to ensure that the bearing obtains a good lubricating and bearing effect; the back of the tile block and the inner surface of the bearing outer ring realize full contact supporting, which is beneficial to the stability of supporting; the generated internal feedback lubricating flow can additionally increase the working flow of the bearing, and the bearing cooling device has great benefits for heat dissipation of the bearing.

Description

Tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a fluid lubrication's dynamic pressure slide bearing technical field, concretely relates to tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing to the back of a tile implementation pressure fluid internal feedback supporting.

Background

The tilting pad bearing is generally composed of 3-6 arc-shaped pad blocks capable of freely tilting on a pivot, so that the tilting pad bearing is called a movable pivot multi-pad supporting bearing and is called a swinging tilting pad bearing, the pad blocks can adaptively swing along with different rotating speeds, loads and bearing temperatures, a plurality of oil films are formed around a shaft neck, and the pressure of each oil film is concentrated and points to a center.

When in use, the main shaft is arranged on the surface of a dynamic pressure sliding bearing, and the dynamic pressure sliding bearing carries out bearing work by forming a fluid pressure film between two surfaces which move relatively. For example, chinese patent No. zl200920069501.x discloses that a tilting pad is connected to a bearing seat by a pad pin, the pad pin and the tilting pad form a rotation pair, and the tilting pad can swing around the pad pin in a small amplitude. Therefore, the tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing is characterized in that a pad block positioned on the inner side of an outer ring of the bearing can generate tilting displacement around a fulcrum on a pad back during working, the tilting displacement is used for forming an optimal convergence gap of a bearing dynamic pressure surface, the tilting displacement is unique and stable under the condition of specific working parameters, and the position and the structural form of the fulcrum become important influence factors influencing the working performance of the tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing. In recent years, sensor-based online control variable fulcrum tilting pad bearings appear, which are equivalent to adjusting the tilting amount of a bearing pad by using a sensing transmitter and are also a form of fixed fulcrum tilting pads, but the control robustness is very poor when the bearings are under complex operating conditions. Further, for example, chinese patent No. ZL201580001447.3 specifically discloses that each of the shoes may be configured to be swingable in the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the housing with the pivot as a fulcrum. Besides the above manner, the fulcrum is also more commonly used than a steel spherical fixed fulcrum tilting pad bearing, that is, a spherical bulge is arranged on the back of a pad block as the fulcrum, the bearing has certain limitation in the performance of inhibiting oil film oscillation, and the spherical fixed fulcrum is point contact, so that the fulcrum is likely to be worn and failed after long-time operation, and the service life of the bearing is shortened.

In summary, because the pad of the conventional tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing has a small supporting area and a gap between the pad and the outer ring of the bearing support bearing in order to realize spatial oscillation, vibration is easily generated during operation, the bearing is unstable, and transportation and installation are inconvenient.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the technical problem mentioned above, the utility model provides a can restrain the vibration, bear stable tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme.

The tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing comprises a bearing outer ring, a plurality of pad blocks and a plurality of groups of mounting assemblies, wherein the plurality of pad blocks are mounted on the annular inner surface of the bearing outer ring in a limiting manner by the plurality of groups of mounting assemblies, the contact surface of the plurality of pad blocks and the shaft diameter of a main shaft is a sliding surface, an oil gathering groove is arranged on the sliding surface of the pad blocks, and the oil gathering groove can collect partial pressure lubricating fluid on the sliding surface and then feed the pressure lubricating fluid into an oil cavity arranged on the back surface of the pad block through an oil hole in a feedback manner to form supporting force for the pad blocks; the middle part of the tile is provided with a deformation structure which divides the tile into two blocks; the mounting assembly applies radial elastic pressing force to the tile; when the bearing works, under the action of the bearing force of the oil cavity on the back of the pad block, the corresponding local block of the pad block overcomes the radial elastic pressing force and the main shaft load force, and the deformation structure is used as a fulcrum to tilt, so that the bearing bush can tilt to form a convergence gap. The bearing obtains good lubricating and bearing effects by the convergence gap; the back of the tile block and the inner surface of the outer ring of the bearing realize full-surface contact supporting, which is beneficial to the stable supporting; the generated internal feedback lubricating flow can additionally increase the working flow of the bearing, and the bearing cooling device has great benefits for heat dissipation of the bearing.

Preferably, the oil sump, the oil hole, and the oil chamber constitute a lubricating fluid pressure feedback structure.

Preferably, the back of the tile is provided with a deformation groove longitudinally penetrating along the axial direction, the longitudinal section of the deformation groove is in a T shape, and the width of the bottom of the deformation groove is wide, so that a thin wall is formed between the bottom of the deformation groove and the sliding surface of the tile, and the thin wall becomes a deformation structure of the tile.

Preferably, the lubricating fluid pressure feedback structures are located on the tile blocks and deviated from the deformation grooves, the number of the pressure feedback structures can be two, and at this time, the two groups of pressure feedback structures are symmetrically arranged relative to the deformation grooves; the pressure feedback structure may also have only a single set, in which case the pressure feedback structure is disposed on a particular side of the deformation tank.

Preferably, the plurality of pads collectively envelope the sliding surfaces into a conical or cylindrical shape by confinement by the annular inner surface of the outer ring.

Preferably, each group of mounting assemblies comprises a limiting piece and a threaded column, the bearing outer ring is provided with a threaded hole, the axis of the threaded hole is intersected with the axis of the bearing, and the threaded column penetrates through the limiting piece and then penetrates into the threaded hole, so that the limiting piece is pressed on the bearing outer ring by the threaded column; the tile is provided with the slot, and the both sides of spacing piece are provided with elastic construction, and the elastic construction imbeds in the slot of two adjacent tiles to carry on spacingly at circumference and radial direction to the tile.

Preferably, the middle part of the threaded column is provided with a hollow pipeline, and the hollow pipeline is communicated with the bearing oil distribution structure and is used for introducing lubricating fluid.

Preferably, the back surface of the pad and the inner surface of the bearing outer ring are tightly attached spherical surfaces, so that the pad can be limited in the axial direction.

Preferably, the whole pad is made of friction alloy, or the pad adopts a steel main body, and the partial surface of the steel main body is die-cast or cast and covered with a friction alloy layer.

Preferably, the lubricating fluid used for the bearing assembly is a lubricating oil, a water lubricating fluid, a gas or oil-gas two-phase lubricating fluid.

The utility model has the advantages that:

the utility model discloses a tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing compares with prior art, and the pressure lubrication fluid of bearing during operation is formed local bearing force in the oil pocket that the leading-in pad back of feedback set up, and the part of pad just can overcome radial elastic packing force is with the fulcrum perk that deformation structure formed, reaches the tilting convergence clearance effect of pad, accords with dynamic pressure fluid lubrication principle. The bearing obtains good lubricating and bearing effects by the convergence gap; the back of the tile block is in full contact with the inner surface of the bearing outer ring for supporting, which is beneficial to the stability of the supporting; the generated internal feedback lubricating flow can additionally increase the working flow of the bearing, and the bearing cooling device has great benefits for heat dissipation of the bearing. And under the non-working state, because the radial elastic pressing force is applied to the pad by the mounting assembly, the back of the pad is attached to the inner surface of the outer ring of the bearing, and a free displacement space does not exist between the pad and the outer ring, so that the bearing assembly is always kept in a compact and stable state in use, installation and transportation.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a tilting pad hydrodynamic bearing in an embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a bearing outer ring of the tilting pad hydrodynamic bearing in the embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of pads of the tilting pad hydrodynamic bearing in the embodiment.

Fig. 4 is another perspective view of pads of the tilting pad hydrodynamic bearing in the embodiment.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a mounting assembly of the tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing in the embodiment.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the radial fit installation of the tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing and the spindle in the embodiment.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the tilting pad with internal feedback of bearing pressure fluid.

The reference numerals include:

the bearing comprises a bearing outer ring 1, a threaded hole 11, an outer surface 12 and an inner surface 13;

the pad 2, the sliding surface 21, the oil collecting groove 22, the feedback oil hole 23, the groove 24, the T-shaped deformation groove 25, the back surface 26 and the oil chamber 27;

the mounting component 3, the elastic structure 31 and the threaded column 32;

a main shaft 4.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.

The tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing of the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6, includes a bearing outer ring 1, a plurality of pads 2, and a plurality of sets of mounting assemblies 3, the plurality of sets of mounting assemblies 3 mounting the plurality of pads 2 at an annular inner surface 13 of the bearing outer ring 1. The back surface 26 of the pad 2 and the inner surface 13 of the bearing outer ring 1 are adaptive spherical surfaces, the spherical centers of the two are superposed with the rotation axis of the installed main shaft 4, the spherical surfaces of the two are completely attached together in a non-working state through precision manufacturing, and the pad 2 is limited in the axial direction. The outer surface 12 of the bearing outer ring 1 is cylindrical, and can be firmly installed in a bearing hole seat of peripheral equipment in an interference manner, the diameter of the bearing outer ring 1 can be changed from small to large, but the diameter is larger than the width, and the preferred width-diameter ratio is within 0.5. The width dimension of the pad 2 is equal to the width of the bearing outer ring 1, and the two sides are flush, so that the whole bearing structure is more compact.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the inner surface of the bearing outer ring 1 is tapered such that the sliding surfaces 21 of the plurality of pads 2 are collectively enveloped in a conical surface shape, thereby forming a radial dynamic pressure sliding bearing. In practice, the sliding surfaces 21 of the plurality of pads 2 may instead be co-enveloped in a cylindrical shape, thus forming a radial thrust hydrodynamic plain bearing. In this embodiment, the pad 2 may be made of an integral friction alloy, such as brass for bearings; it is also possible to manufacture the bearing shell main body from a steel material and then to die-cast or cast a friction alloy layer on the sliding surface 21 of the bearing shell main body.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, each set of mounting assemblies 3 includes a limiting piece and a threaded post 32 having a T-shaped cross section, the bearing outer ring 1 is provided with the same number of threaded holes 11 according to the number of the pads 2, and the threaded post 32 penetrates the limiting piece and then penetrates the threaded hole 11, so that the head of the threaded post 32 presses the limiting piece to the bearing outer ring 1. The both sides of spacing piece are provided with elastic construction 31, and both sides elastic construction 31 inserts in the slot 24 of the tip of two adjacent pads 2, so carry on spacingly to pad 2 in circumference and radial direction, do not have free displacement's space between pad 2 and the bearing outer loop 1 for the bearing assembly remains compact stable state all the time when using, installation and transportation, can restrain vibration. But the resilient structure 32 is resiliently deformable in a radial direction under force. The middle part of the threaded column 32 is provided with a hollow pipeline which is communicated with an oil distribution groove on the peripheral bearing seat hole so as to uniformly distribute the lubricating fluid in the oil distribution groove to each tile 2, wherein the lubricating fluid can be lubricating oil, water lubricating liquid, lubricating gas or oil-gas two-phase lubricating liquid. The axes of the hollow pipeline and the threaded hole 11 are strictly aligned with the spherical center of the inner surface of the bearing outer ring 1, so that a better mechanical effect is obtained when the threaded column 32 fixes the tile 2.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the back of the pad 2 is provided with a T-shaped deformation groove 25 longitudinally extending along the axial direction, the T-shaped deformation groove 25 is used as a deformation structure, the upper edge of the T-shaped deformation groove is thin, the width of the T-shaped deformation groove is wide, and micron-sized deformation can occur under the action of lubricating oil pressure, so that the pad 2 takes the deformation structure as a fulcrum, and half of the pad 2 can tilt. In practice, the shape-changing groove 25 may be changed into other shapes such as square, but the T shape of the present embodiment is preferred, which not only can keep the tile 2 with a certain strength, but also can facilitate the deformation and tilting of the tile 2.

Two strip-shaped oil gathering grooves 22 are formed in the sliding surface 21 of the tile block 2, the two oil gathering grooves 22 are symmetrically distributed relative to the T-shaped deformation groove 25, the oil gathering grooves 22 are communicated with a rectangular oil cavity 27 on the back of the tile block 2 through a feedback oil hole 23, and the size, depth and size of the oil gathering grooves 22 and the oil cavity 27 and the position size of the oil gathering grooves 22 and the position size of the oil cavity 27 on the tile block 2 are determined through calculation and analysis. The oil collecting groove 22 and the oil chamber 27 are formed in a double mode, and the obtained bearing assembly can be used for the main shaft 4 to rotate in the forward and reverse directions. In practice, the oil collecting groove 22 and the oil chamber 27 may be distributed in a single manner with respect to the T-shaped deformation groove 25, that is, one half of the pad 2 has the pressure feedback structure and the other half of the pad does not have the pressure feedback structure, and the obtained bearing assembly is used for the unidirectional rotation of the spindle, wherein the unidirectional rotation direction is that the radial surface of the spindle slides along the direction from the direction without the pressure feedback structure to the direction with the pressure feedback structure.

As shown in fig. 6, when the sliding surface 21 of the pad 2 is coaxial with and in contact with the surface of the main shaft 4, an oil film pressure is generated on the sliding surface 21 of the pad 2 according to the fluid lubrication theory when the main shaft 4 rotates, so that the contact surface between the pad 2 and the main shaft 4 is separated, and the oil film pressure becomes the radial bearing capacity or the radial thrust bearing capacity of the bearing. Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the main shaft 4 rotates in the direction of arrow N to bring the lubricating fluid into the bearing inlet gap to form a flow Q, and this flow is squeezed into an internal pressure oil film in the process of flowing along the sliding surface 21, so as to separate the shaft diameter surface of the main shaft 4 from the surface of the pad 2 to meet the bearing load-bearing requirement, the internal pressure distribution of the whole sliding surface 21 is rapidly increased from small to large, because the oil collecting groove 22 is distributed on the sliding surface 21 of the pad 2, the oil collecting groove 22 can collect part of the pressure lubricating oil Q1 on the sliding surface 21, the pressure oil Q1 is fed back and guided into the oil cavity 27 arranged at the back of the pad 2 through the oil feeding hole 23 to form a supporting force for the pad 2, and the remaining flow Q2 flows out from the bearing outlet gap. Because the middle of the back of the pad 2 is provided with the T-shaped deformation groove 25, the upper edge of the T-shaped deformation groove 25 is thin, as shown in fig. 7, the whole pad 2 is divided into two parts by taking a vertical dot-dash line as a boundary line, the right half of the pad 2 is pressed and attached to the inner surface of the bearing outer ring 1 by the elastic structure 32, at this time, the rotation of the main shaft 4 drives the lubricating fluid to flow into the left oil collecting groove 22, the supporting force of the right oil chamber 27 overcomes the acting force of the elastic structure 32, the elastic structure 32 on the left side is elastically deformed along the radial direction, and then the left half of the pad 2 is pushed to obliquely displace and tilt around the upper edge of the T-shaped deformation groove₀So that the sliding surface 21 of the pad 2 here forms an entry for about 1h₀The clearance and the outlet are about 0.3h₀The oil wedge of the gap conforms to the lubrication principle of the dynamic pressure bearing. Because the pressure at the right inlet is still small, the supporting force fed back by the oil gathering groove 22 and the oil cavity 27 is small and is not enough to push the right part of the pad 2 to displace, so that the right half of the pad close to the bearing inlet gap is pressed against the inner surface of the bearing outer ring. After use, the spindle 4 stops moving and acts on the elastic structure 3And the left side of the pad 2 is restored, and the whole back is attached to the inner surface of the bearing outer ring 1 again.

Compared with the prior art, the tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing of the embodiment has the following advantages:

(1) under the condition of not changing a bearing lubricating system and not increasing the running cost, the bearing block 2 can tilt according to the working state of the bearing, the fluid bearing structure is simple, the bearing is stable, the damping characteristic is good, and the aims of reducing the friction power consumption of the bearing, reducing the temperature rise and inhibiting the vibration are fulfilled, so that the bearing can better adapt to the working requirements of different working conditions of the bearing. The spindle is suitable for large-scale high-speed rotating mechanical equipment such as a steam turbine and the like, and is more suitable for a high-speed precision machine tool spindle.

(2) The bearing assembly has compact radial and axial dimensions, simple structure, less part types and stable structure in any state.

(3) Half of the back surface of the pad 2 is always in full contact with the inner surface of the bearing outer ring 1 during operation, and no mechanical friction and abrasion exist.

(4) When the hydraulic fluid floating type hydraulic damping pad works, the other half of the pad block 2 is floated by pressure fluid, the hydrodynamic lubrication theoretical condition is well met, and the static pressure oil cavity on the pad back plays a role in damping vibration.

(5) The flow of the fluid participating in lubrication is increased, the fluid plays a role in heat dissipation, great help is brought to the reduction of the heating temperature rise of the bearing, and the bearing is particularly suitable for high-speed precise technical equipment.

It should be finally noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced with equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing, includes bearing outer ring, a plurality of pads and multiunit installation component, and multiunit installation component installs a plurality of pads are spacing on the annular internal surface of bearing outer ring, and the face of a plurality of pads and main shaft diameter of axle contact is the glide plane, characterized by: an oil collecting groove is arranged on the sliding surface of the tile block, and the oil collecting groove can collect partial pressure lubricating fluid on the sliding surface and then feed back the pressure lubricating fluid into an oil cavity arranged on the back surface of the tile block through an oil hole to form supporting force for the tile block; the middle part of the tile is provided with a deformation structure which divides the tile into two blocks; the mounting assembly applies radial elastic pressing force to the tile; when the bearing works, under the action of the bearing force of the oil cavity on the back of the pad block, the corresponding local block of the pad block overcomes the radial elastic pressing force and the main shaft load force, and the deformation structure is used as a fulcrum to tilt, so that the bearing bush can tilt to form a convergence gap.

2. A tilting pad hydrodynamic bearing according to claim 1 wherein: the oil collecting groove, the oil hole and the oil cavity form a lubricating fluid pressure feedback structure.

3. A tilting pad hydrodynamic bearing according to claim 1 wherein: the back of the tile is provided with a deformation groove longitudinally penetrating along the axial direction, the longitudinal section of the deformation groove is in a T shape, and the width of the bottom of the deformation groove is wide, so that a thin wall is formed between the bottom of the deformation groove and the sliding surface of the tile, and the thin wall becomes a deformation structure of the tile.

4. A tilting pad hydrodynamic bearing according to claim 2 wherein: the lubricating fluid pressure feedback structures are positioned on the tile blocks and deviate from the deformation grooves, the number of the pressure feedback structures is two, and the two groups of pressure feedback structures are symmetrically arranged relative to the deformation grooves; or only a single set of pressure feedback structures, the pressure feedback structures are disposed on one side of the deformation slot.

5. A tilting pad hydrodynamic bearing according to claim 1 wherein: the sliding surfaces of the plurality of pads are jointly enveloped into a conical surface shape or a cylindrical surface shape by the constraint of the annular inner surface of the outer ring.

6. A tilting pad hydrodynamic bearing according to claim 1 wherein: each group of mounting assemblies comprises a limiting piece and a threaded column, the bearing outer ring is provided with a threaded hole, the axis of the threaded hole is intersected with the axis of the bearing, and the threaded column penetrates through the limiting piece and then penetrates into the threaded hole, so that the limiting piece is pressed on the bearing outer ring by the threaded column; the tile is provided with the slot, and the both sides of spacing piece are provided with elastic construction, and the elastic construction imbeds in the slot of two adjacent tiles to carry on spacingly at circumference and radial direction to the tile.

7. A tilting pad hydrodynamic bearing according to claim 6 wherein: the middle part of the threaded column is provided with a hollow pipeline which is communicated with the bearing oil distribution structure and is used for introducing lubricating fluid.

8. A tilting pad hydrodynamic bearing according to claim 1 wherein: the back of the pad and the inner surface of the bearing outer ring are tightly attached spherical surfaces, so that the pad can be limited in the axial direction.

9. A tilting pad hydrodynamic bearing according to claim 1 wherein: the whole tile is made of friction alloy, or the tile adopts a steel main body, and a friction alloy layer is die-cast or cast and covered on the partial surface of the steel main body.

10. A tilting pad hydrodynamic bearing according to claim 1 wherein: the lubricating fluid used for the bearing assembly is lubricating oil, water lubricating fluid, gas or oil-gas two-phase lubricating fluid.