CN212094364U - Tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing machine tool spindle - Google Patents
Tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing machine tool spindle Download PDFInfo
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- CN212094364U CN212094364U CN202020612532.1U CN202020612532U CN212094364U CN 212094364 U CN212094364 U CN 212094364U CN 202020612532 U CN202020612532 U CN 202020612532U CN 212094364 U CN212094364 U CN 212094364U
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- main shaft
- dynamic pressure
- tilting pad
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Abstract
A main shaft of a tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing machine tool comprises a front end cover, a front support, a main shaft sleeve, a main shaft, a rear support and a rear end cover, wherein the front end cover and the rear end cover are fixed at two end parts of the main shaft sleeve; the front bearing comprises a left bearing, an adjusting spacer bush and a right bearing which are sequentially arranged, the left bearing and the right bearing are both internal feedback fluid bearing tilting pad dynamic pressure radial thrust bearings, sliding surfaces of the left bearing and the right bearing are both conical surfaces, are arranged oppositely and are respectively installed corresponding to the conical shaft diameter surface of the main shaft; the back bearing is a fluid pressure floating tilting pad dynamic pressure radial sliding bearing. The main shaft has good automatic aligning performance under the condition of front and rear spherical surface supporting, the bearing supporting structure is simple, the bearing has an aligning function, the initial clearance of the bearing is fixed, the bearing is stable, the damping characteristic is good, and the purposes of reducing the friction power consumption of the bearing, reducing the temperature rise and inhibiting the vibration are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an adopt dynamic pressure slide bearing to be applied to high-speed precision machine tool main shaft technical field, concretely relates to tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing machine tool main shaft of spherical full contact bearing of tile back of body for interior feedback fluid supporting.
Background
The working performance of the machine tool spindle depends on the structure and performance of the spindle bearing to a great extent, and the dynamic pressure sliding bearing has compact structure, excellent performance, low manufacturing process relative requirement, simple lubricating system and low use and maintenance cost, and has more applications than the static pressure dynamic and static pressure sliding bearing in the application field of the rotary spindle.
The dynamic pressure bearing formed by sliding the shaft diameter of the main shaft on the surface of the sliding bearing is carried by forming a pressure oil film by the relative movement between the two surfaces. The dynamic pressure sliding bearing comprises a multi-wedge fixed pad bearing and a tilting pad bearing according to the design principle of an oil wedge, and the tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing is a common structural form with better performance. For example, chinese patent No. ZL88217852.0 specifically discloses that a double-cone dynamic pressure tilting pad bearing structure is adopted for the front bearing of the main shaft, but the pad is supported by a cylindrical ball head, and this point supporting manner causes possible wear of the fulcrum and unstable bearing. The mode of adopting static pressure hybrid bearing also exists, for example, Chinese patent that patent No. CN201320263557.5 discloses specifically that the front support of the main shaft adopts a dovetail double static pressure bearing grinding head, the front end of the main shaft is protruded to form a left and a right double conical surfaces, the static pressure bearing is supported in a box body hole in a full contact way, but the static pressure bearing needs an external lubricating system to provide pressure oil supply, the power consumption is large and the heat is serious during the work, and the rotating speed is difficult to further improve. The two patents have the common characteristics that the front support adopts the double-cone bearing, the double-cone bearing can bear forward and reverse thrust loads, the structure is compact, the bearing capacity and the rigidity are high, the main shaft has small heating extension amount and has small influence on the rotation precision, but the double-cone bearing is not elaborately prepared, namely the distance between the two bearings is determined randomly, so that the bearing mounting holes of the two bearings and the bearing mounting hole of the rear support require high concentricity, and the bearings of the front support and the rear support have no aligning function.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
There is the above-mentioned problem to prior art, the utility model provides a machine tool spindle of stable area tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing is good, born to aligning function. The utility model discloses utilize fixed part structure control working gap to constitute lathe main shaft system, be applicable to high-speed and the stable accurate lathe main shaft of speed load or other main shaft systems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme.
The main shaft of the machine tool with the tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing comprises a front end cover, a front support, a main shaft sleeve, a main shaft, a rear support and a rear end cover, wherein the front end cover and the rear end cover are fixed at two ends of the main shaft sleeve, the front support and the rear support are both formed by internal feedback fluid supporting tilting pad dynamic pressure centripetal thrust tapered bearings, and the main shaft is supported together, so that the main shaft of the machine tool with a front and rear double-support structure for the main shaft is formed.
The utility model adopts the internal feedback fluid bearing technology, the bearing surface can realize global surface contact, and the capability of inhibiting vibration and overcoming possible abrasion of the fulcrum is greatly improved; the front bearing comprises a left bearing, an adjusting spacer bush and a right bearing which are sequentially arranged in parallel, the left bearing and the right bearing are both internal feedback fluid bearing tilting pad dynamic pressure radial thrust bearings, sliding surfaces of the left bearing and the right bearing are both conical surfaces, are arranged oppositely and are respectively installed corresponding to the conical shaft diameter surface of the main shaft; the back support is a fluid pressure floating tilting pad dynamic pressure radial sliding bearing; the front bearing adopts a double-conical-surface bearing, the bearing surface of the double bearing forms a complete spherical surface according to the internal feedback fluid bearing technology, and forms a double-bearing main shaft system with the rear bearing, so that the double-bearing main shaft system has a good aligning function, and the adaptability to the different axial errors of the main shaft journal surface and the main shaft box body hole is greatly improved.
The main shaft sleeve is provided with a lubricating fluid input and output hole system to ensure smooth lubricating fluid required by the front support and the rear support.
The bearing utilizes the internal feedback fluid bearing force formed by the lubricating fluid to ensure that the global surface contact can be realized between the pad back bearing surface of the pad and the inner surface of the bearing outer ring.
Wherein the lubricating fluid used for the bearing assembly is lubricating oil, water lubricating fluid, gas or oil-gas two-phase lubricating fluid.
The front bearing is a double-cone tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing, and is combined in a spherical bearing seat in a matching way.
The front support is a double-conical-surface tilting-pad dynamic pressure bearing formed by pairing a left bearing, an adjusting spacer bush and a right bearing, the adjusting spacer bush is positioned between the left bearing and the right bearing, and the rear support is a radial tilting-pad dynamic pressure bearing.
The adjusting spacer sleeve in the double-conical-surface tilting-pad dynamic pressure bearing is a thin-wall ring, and the thickness of the adjusting spacer sleeve is ground in a debugging stage of a machine tool spindle and is used for positioning and separating the left bearing and the right bearing, so that the left bearing and the right bearing keep a required working gap with a spindle sliding surface.
The front end cover and the rear end cover fixed at two ends of the spindle sleeve and the spindle form a sealing structure to prevent lubricating fluid from overflowing and prevent external pollution fluid from invading.
The utility model has the advantages that:
the utility model discloses a tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing lathe main shaft, bearing supporting structure are succinct, and the bearing has the aligning function, and bearing initial clearance is fixed, bears stably and damping characteristic is good, reaches the purpose that reduces bearing friction consumption, reduces the temperature rise, suppresses the vibration.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a main shaft of a tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing machine tool in an embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a bearing arrangement diagram in the front support in the embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of an adjustment spacer in an embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the left/right bearing in the front support in the embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing that the sliding surface of the left/right bearing in the front bearing in the embodiment is a spherical surface.
Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the rear support in the embodiment.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the sliding surface of the rear bearing in the embodiment as a spherical surface.
The reference numerals include:
the front end cover comprises a front end cover 1, a front support 2, a main shaft sleeve 3, a main shaft 4, a rear support 5 and a rear end cover 6;
a left bearing 21, an adjusting spacer 22 and a right bearing 23;
bearing outer ring 231, pad 232, oil collecting groove 233, deformation groove 234, mounting assembly 235 and oil hole 236.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
The main shaft of the tilting-pad dynamic pressure bearing machine tool of the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, includes a front end cover 1, a front support 2, a main shaft sleeve 3, a main shaft 4, a rear support 5 and a rear end cover 6, the front end cover 1, the main shaft sleeve 3 and the rear end cover 6 form a closed space in combination with the main shaft 4, the main shaft sleeve 3 is provided with an oil inlet and an oil outlet as indicated by hollow arrows, and a channel communicating the oil inlet and the oil outlet is further provided inside the main shaft sleeve 3 for conveying lubricating oil to each bearing. The front support 2 and the rear support 5 jointly support the main shaft 4 to form a front and rear double-support simple support structure, and the front end cover 1 and the rear end cover 6 play a role in sealing and oil separation.
Referring to fig. 2, the front bearing 2 is a bearing assembly, and includes a left bearing 21, an adjusting spacer 22 and a right bearing 23, where the left bearing 21 and the right bearing 23 are both internal feedback fluid bearing tilting pad dynamic pressure radial thrust bearings, the surface of the bearing contacting the shaft diameter of the main shaft 4 is a sliding surface, the sliding surfaces of the left bearing 21 and the right bearing 23 are conical surfaces, and are arranged oppositely, and are respectively installed corresponding to the conical shaft diameter surface of the main shaft 4 to bear the radial load at the front end of the main shaft 4 and the axial opposite direction load. Each bearing and the main shaft 4 do non-contact friction motion, and the initial clearance h is arranged between the surfaces of relative motion0It is apparent that the closer the left bearing 21 and the right bearing 23 are, the initial clearance h0The smaller the distance to zero, the adjusting spacer 22 is inserted between the left bearing 21 and the right bearing 23 and ground to its separation thickness H, and then fixed by the front end cap 1, thereby fixing a reasonable initial gap H between the bearings and the main shaft 40And better stable working parameters are obtained.
As shown in fig. 3, the adjustment spacer 22 is a thin-walled circular ring. As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the rear bearing 5 is a hydrodynamic radial sliding bearing of a fluid pressure floating tilting pad, which only bears the radial load at the rear end of the main shaft 4, and is easy to release deformation when the main shaft 4 expands due to heat, and the initial clearance between the rear bearing 5 and the radial diameter of the main shaft 4 is h0In actual practice, the diameter of the radial diameter of the main spindle 4 is smaller than that of the sliding surface of the rear support 5, and a fixed initial gap h is obtained between the two0。
The left bearing 21, the right bearing 23 and the rear bearing 5 are all tilting pad dynamic pressure bearings supported by internal feedback fluid, taking the right bearing 23 as an example, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the structure of the tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing comprises a bearing outer ring 231, a plurality of pads 232 and a plurality of sets of mounting assemblies 235, the plurality of sets of mounting assemblies 235 are used for limiting and mounting the plurality of pads 232 on the annular inner surface of the bearing outer ring 231, an oil collecting groove 233 is arranged on the sliding surface of the pads 232, the oil collecting groove 233 can collect part of pressure lubricating fluid on the sliding surface and then feed back the pressure lubricating fluid into an oil cavity formed by a depression on the back surface of the pads 232 through oil holes 236, and radial supporting force for the pads 23 is. The middle part of the tile 232 is provided with a deformation structure, so that the tile 232 is divided into two blocks; the mounting assembly 235 applies a radially resilient compressive force to the pad 232; when the bearing works, under the action of the supporting force of the oil cavity on the back of the pad block 232, the radial elastic pressing force and the main shaft loading force are overcome by the corresponding local block of the pad block 232, the deformation structure is used as a pivot point for tilting, the bearing bush can tilt to form a convergence gap, the convergence gap enables the bearing to obtain a good lubricating and bearing effect, the generated internal feedback lubricating flow can additionally increase the working flow of the bearing, and great benefits are provided for the heat dissipation and cooling of the bearing. The back of the pad 232 is provided with a deformation groove 234 which longitudinally penetrates along the axial direction, the longitudinal section of the deformation groove 234 is T-shaped, and the width of the bottom of the deformation groove 234 is wide, so that a thin wall is formed between the bottom of the deformation groove 234 and the sliding surface of the pad 232, and the thin wall becomes a deformation structure of the pad. The back of the shoe 232 and the inner surface of the bearing outer ring 231 are tightly attached spherical surfaces, so that the shoe 232 can be limited in the axial direction, the back of the shoe 232 and the inner surface of the bearing outer ring 231 are supported in a full-surface contact mode, supporting stability is facilitated, the shoe 232 is arranged in the spherical surface of the bearing outer ring 231 to form a supporting spherical surface, and the spherical center is overlapped with the axis of the main shaft 4. In the same way, the pad of the rear support 5 is arranged in the spherical surface of the bearing outer ring to form another supporting spherical surface, and the main shaft has good self-aligning performance under the supporting condition of the front spherical surface and the rear spherical surface.
In this embodiment, the bearing surface of the bearing outer ring 231 against the pad 232 is a full contact spherical surface, and the working gap is controlled by the structure of the fixed part, thereby forming the spindle of the machine tool. Compared with the conventional tilting pad dynamic pressure sliding bearing machine tool spindle, the tilting pad dynamic pressure sliding bearing machine tool spindle does not change a bearing lubricating system, does not increase the running cost condition, has a simple bearing supporting structure, has an aligning function, is fixed in the initial clearance of the bearing, is stable in bearing and good in damping characteristic, and achieves the purposes of reducing the friction power consumption of the bearing, reducing the temperature rise and inhibiting the vibration. The utility model discloses the technique is applicable to high-speed and stable accurate lathe main shaft of speed more.
It should be finally noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced with equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A main shaft of a tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing machine tool is characterized in that: the front end cover and the rear end cover are fixed at two ends of the main shaft sleeve, and the front support and the rear support are both composed of an inner feedback fluid support tilting pad dynamic pressure centripetal thrust tapered bearing and support the main shaft together, so that the machine tool main shaft with a front and rear double support structure for the main shaft is formed.
2. The main shaft of a tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: the main shaft sleeve is provided with a lubricating fluid input and output hole system to ensure smooth lubricating fluid needed by the front support and the rear support.
3. The main shaft of a tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing machine tool according to claim 2, wherein: the front support and the rear support respectively comprise a bearing outer ring and a pad block arranged on the inner surface of the bearing outer ring, and the bearing can realize global surface contact between a pad back supporting surface of the pad block and the inner surface of the bearing outer ring by means of internal feedback fluid supporting force formed by lubricating fluid.
4. The main shaft of a tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing machine tool according to claim 2, wherein: the lubricating fluid for the bearing assembly is lubricating oil, water lubricating liquid, gas or oil-gas two-phase lubricating liquid.
5. The main shaft of a tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: the front bearing is a double-cone tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing which is combined in a spherical bearing seat in a matching way.
6. The main shaft of a tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing machine tool according to claim 5, wherein: the front support is a double-conical-surface tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing formed by pairing a left bearing, an adjusting spacer bush and a right bearing, the adjusting spacer bush is positioned between the left bearing and the right bearing, and the rear support is a radial tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing.
7. The main shaft of a tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing machine tool according to claim 6, wherein: the adjusting spacer sleeve in the double-conical-surface tilting-pad dynamic pressure bearing is a thin-wall ring, and the thickness of the adjusting spacer sleeve is ground in a debugging stage of a machine tool spindle and is used for positioning and separating the left bearing and the right bearing, so that the left bearing and the right bearing keep a required working gap with the sliding surface of the spindle.
8. The main shaft of a tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: the front end cover and the rear end cover fixed at the two end parts of the main shaft sleeve and the main shaft form a sealing structure to prevent lubricating fluid from overflowing and prevent external pollution fluid from invading.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020612532.1U CN212094364U (en) | 2020-04-21 | 2020-04-21 | Tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing machine tool spindle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020612532.1U CN212094364U (en) | 2020-04-21 | 2020-04-21 | Tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing machine tool spindle |
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| CN212094364U true CN212094364U (en) | 2020-12-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202020612532.1U Active CN212094364U (en) | 2020-04-21 | 2020-04-21 | Tilting pad dynamic pressure bearing machine tool spindle |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113977428A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-01-28 | 河南睿辰机器人智能科技有限公司 | Double-end double-speed main shaft grinding device and grinding robot |
-
2020
- 2020-04-21 CN CN202020612532.1U patent/CN212094364U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113977428A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-01-28 | 河南睿辰机器人智能科技有限公司 | Double-end double-speed main shaft grinding device and grinding robot |
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