CN212293198U - Enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal constructed wetland system - Google Patents
Enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal constructed wetland system Download PDFInfo
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- CN212293198U CN212293198U CN202020369175.0U CN202020369175U CN212293198U CN 212293198 U CN212293198 U CN 212293198U CN 202020369175 U CN202020369175 U CN 202020369175U CN 212293198 U CN212293198 U CN 212293198U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal constructed wetland system, which comprises a grit chamber, at least one aeration plant filter bed and a composite denitrification artificial wetland bed, wherein the influent water is removed by the grit chamber to remove silt brought along with runoff, the purified water quality is adjusted, then the effluent water of the grit chamber enters the aeration plant filter bed, the natural reoxygenation is realized by the aeration plant filter bed, the ammonia nitrogen in pollutants on the surface of a filler is intercepted by the action of nitrite bacteria and nitrate bacteria under aerobic conditions, the ammonia nitrogen is purified by the aeration plant filter bed to enter the composite denitrification artificial wetland bed, the high-efficiency removal of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen is realized, macromolecular organic pollutants are degraded into micromolecular nontoxic organic matters, the adsorption capacity to phosphorus is improved by the aeration plant filter bed and the composite denitrification artificial wetland bed simultaneously, the system has simple structure and convenient operation, compared with the prior art, the utility model has the ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen removal rate of more than 80 percent and the total phosphorus removal rate of more than 85 percent. This utility model is used for ecological environmental protection technical field.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an ecological environmental protection technical field especially relates to an enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal constructed wetland system.
Background
In practical application, pollutants in a water body are generally removed by a natural wetland ecosystem simulation mode, nitrogen removal of the wetland system is mostly lower than 30%, phosphorus removal performance is limited to be below 40%, and the removal effect is unstable. Therefore, the current performance of the artificial wetland system cannot meet the requirements of high-efficiency nitrogen and phosphorus removal and stable operation expected by people. In recent years, from the perspective of the removal mechanism of pollutants in artificial wetlands, people follow the basic nitrogen and phosphorus removal principle of the wetlands, and artificially enhance and improve the operation performance of the artificial wetlands from the aspects of operation management, structure optimization, substrate breeding and the like by improving the nitrification and denitrification capacity of a wetland system and the adsorption capacity of a substrate to phosphorus, so that the research hotspot of pollutant degradation of the wetlands in recent years is achieved.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a nitrogen and phosphorus removal constructed wetland system is reinforceed to simple structure, easy and simple to handle.
The utility model adopts the technical proposal that:
an enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal constructed wetland system comprises:
the system comprises a grit chamber, a water inlet and a water outlet, wherein one side of the grit chamber is provided with the water inlet, and the other side of the grit chamber is provided with the water outlet;
the aeration plant filter beds sequentially consist of a plant layer, a packing layer and a supporting layer from top to bottom, a first water distribution pipe is arranged at the top of the packing layer and connected with a water outlet of the grit chamber, an aeration pipe is arranged on the packing layer, and a first water collecting pipe is arranged at the bottom of the supporting layer;
the composite denitrification artificial wetland bed comprises a denitrification tank and a vertical undercurrent artificial wetland, wherein a slow-release carbon source is filled in the denitrification tank, a second water distribution pipe is arranged at the bottom of the denitrification tank and is connected with a first water collecting pipe, aquatic plants are planted at the top of the denitrification tank, a third water distribution pipe is arranged at the top of the vertical undercurrent artificial wetland, the third water distribution pipe is connected with a water outlet of the denitrification tank, and a second water collecting pipe is arranged at the bottom of the vertical undercurrent artificial wetland.
Further conduct the utility model discloses technical scheme's improvement, the grit chamber bottom is provided with the sand collection hole of taking the slope along the direction of intaking.
Further conduct the utility model discloses technical scheme's improvement, the packing layer comprises unsaturated water layer and saturated water layer, unsaturated water layer upper end is the plant layer, unsaturated water layer and saturated water layer between set up the aeration pipe, a fan is connected to the aeration pipe, the fan is supplied power by a scene complementary system.
Further as the utility model discloses technical scheme's improvement, the plant layer is portable sheet frame plant bed.
Further as the utility model discloses technical scheme's improvement, pack the composite packing that is formed by natural river sand, marble, zeolite mixture in the unsaturated water layer, unsaturated water layer height 0.8m-1.2m, natural river sand, marble, zeolite account for 60%, 35%, 5% of composite packing total volume respectively, and the particle diameter is 0.35-0.85mm, 2-3mm, 1-2mm respectively.
Further as the improvement of the technical scheme of the utility model, the saturated water layer is filled with the many little electrolytic fillers, the filling height of the many little electrolytic fillers is 0.45-0.55m, and a layer of nylon net is arranged between the supporting layer and the saturated water layer, between the saturated water layer and the unsaturated water layer.
Further as an improvement of the technical scheme of the utility model, the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland is laid with the filler of the crushed stone and the multielement microelectrolysis filler from bottom to top, the total height of the crushed stone and the multielement microelectrolysis filler is 1.15-1.25m, and the height ratio of the crushed stone to the multielement microelectrolysis filler is 1: 2.
Further as the improvement of the technical proposal of the utility model, the multielement micro-electrolysis filler is formed by mixing, granulating and roasting sludge, clay, iron powder, active carbon, pore-forming agent and noble metal coupling catalyst in a water supply plant.
Further conduct the utility model discloses technical scheme's improvement, aeration plant filter bed bottom of the pool elevation keeps level with compound denitrification artifical wetland bed bottom of the pool elevation, aeration plant filter bed top of the pool elevation is provided with the difference in height with compound denitrification artifical wetland bed top of the pool elevation.
Further conduct the utility model discloses technical scheme's improvement, first collector pipe is provided with the valve with second water distributor junction.
The utility model has the advantages that: the enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal constructed wetland system comprises a grit chamber, at least one aeration plant filter bed and a composite denitrification artificial wetland bed, wherein the inflow water is treated by the grit chamber to remove silt brought along with runoff, the purified water quality is adjusted, the outflow water of the grit chamber enters the aeration plant filter bed, natural reoxygenation is realized by the aeration plant filter bed, the ammonia nitrogen intercepted in pollutants on the surface of a filler is treated by the action of nitrite bacteria and nitrate bacteria under aerobic conditions, the ammonia nitrogen is purified by the aeration plant filter bed and enters the composite denitrification artificial wetland bed, the high-efficiency removal of the ammonia nitrogen and the total nitrogen is realized, macromolecular organic pollutants are degraded into micromolecular nontoxic organic matters, the adsorption capacity to phosphorus is improved by the aeration plant filter bed and the composite denitrification artificial wetland bed, the system has simple structure and convenient operation, compared with the prior art, the utility model has the ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen removal rate of more than 80 percent, the total phosphorus removal rate can reach more than 85 percent.
Drawings
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
This section will describe in detail the embodiments of the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the attached drawings, which are used to supplement the description of the text part of the specification with figures, so that one can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the whole technical solution of the present invention, but they cannot be understood as the limitation of the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated with respect to the orientation description, such as up, down, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, a plurality of means are one or more, a plurality of means are two or more, and the terms greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood as not including the number, and the terms greater than, less than, within, etc. are understood as including the number. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless there is an explicit limitation, the words such as setting, installation, connection, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above words in combination with the specific contents of the technical solution.
The utility model provides an enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal constructed wetland system, which comprises three parts of a grit chamber 100, four aeration plant filter beds 200 arranged in parallel and a composite denitrification artificial wetland bed 300. The influent water is treated by the grit chamber 100 to remove silt brought along with runoff, the purified water quality is adjusted, then the effluent water of the grit chamber 100 enters four aeration plant filter beds 200 which alternately run in parallel, natural reoxygenation is realized through the aeration plant filter beds 200, and ammonia nitrogen in pollutants on the surface of the filler is intercepted under the aerobic condition through the action of nitrite bacteria and nitrate bacteria, so that the ammonia nitrogen is efficiently removed, and the effluent water is purified by the aeration plant filter beds 200 to enter the composite denitrification artificial wetland bed 300, so that macromolecular organic pollutants are degraded into micromolecular non-toxic organic matters. The system is particularly suitable for denitrification and dephosphorization of farmland effluent and advanced treatment of tail water of sewage treatment plants.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a water inlet 101 of the grit chamber 100 is located at the top of the left side of the grit chamber 100, a water outlet 102 is located at the top of the right side of the grit chamber 100, and a slope sand collection pit 103 is arranged at the bottom of the grit chamber 100 along the water inlet direction. Wastewater enters from the water inlet 101, is precipitated in the sand collecting pit 103 along with silt of the wastewater in the grit chamber 100, and then flows out through the water outlet 102, so that the primary precipitation and purification of the wastewater are realized.
Specifically, the aeration plant filter bed 200 is composed of a plant layer 201, a filler layer 202 and a support layer 203 from top to bottom in sequence. As shown in the figure, the top of the packing layer 202 is provided with a first water distribution pipe 400a, the first water distribution pipe 400a is connected with the water outlet 102 of the grit chamber 100, the packing layer 202 is provided with an aeration pipe 500, and the bottom of the supporting layer 203 is provided with a first water collection pipe 600 a. Filler layer 202 is provided with different types of fillers with different particle sizes from bottom to top.
It is understood that the plant layer 201 is a movable plate-and-frame plant bed. When necessary, the plant bed can be removed, and the surface layer can be ploughed and maintained.
Further, in order to better realize the utility model discloses, packing layer 202 comprises unsaturated water layer 202a and saturated water layer 202b, and unsaturated water layer 202a upper end is plant layer 201, sets up aeration pipe 500 between unsaturated water layer 202a and the saturated water layer 202b, and aeration pipe 500 connects a fan, and the fan is supplied power by a complementary system of scene. The addition of aeration can help to alleviate system blockage. The non-water-saturated layer 202a is filled with a composite filler formed by mixing natural river sand, marble and zeolite in proportion, the height of the non-water-saturated layer 202a is 0.8m-1.2m, the natural river sand, marble and zeolite respectively account for 60%, 35% and 5% of the total volume, and the particle sizes are 0.35-0.85mm, 2-3mm and 1-2mm respectively. The wind-solar hybrid system supplies power to the fan, so that the concept of environmental protection is embodied.
Wherein, the water-saturated layer 202b is filled with multi-element micro-electrolysis filler, the filling height is 0.45-0.55m, and a layer of nylon net is arranged between the supporting layer 203 and the water-saturated layer 202b, and between the water-saturated layer 202b and the non-water-saturated layer 202 a.
The composite denitrification artificial wetland bed 300 comprises a denitrification tank 301 and a vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland 302, wherein a slow-release carbon source is filled in the denitrification tank 301, a second water distribution pipe 400b is arranged at the bottom of the denitrification tank 301, the second water distribution pipe 400b is connected with a first water collection pipe 600a, aquatic plants are planted at the top of the denitrification tank 301, a third water distribution pipe 400c is arranged at the top of the vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland 302, the third water distribution pipe 400c is connected with a water outlet of the denitrification tank 301, and a second water collection pipe 500b is arranged at the bottom of the vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland 302. The vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland bed 300 is provided with fillers of different particle sizes and different types from bottom to top.
When the artificial wetland system is operated, firstly, the silt brought along with the runoff is removed from the inlet water through the grit chamber 100, and the purified water quality is adjusted; then, the outlet water of the grit chamber 100 automatically flows into a plurality of aeration plant filter beds 200 which are connected in parallel and run alternately through a first water distribution pipe 400a connected with the water outlet 102 of the grit chamber 100, the moisture-to-dry ratio of the aeration plant filter beds 200 is controlled to be 1:4, the hydraulic load period is 6h, natural reoxygenation is realized in a flooding/drying alternate running mode, ammonia nitrogen in pollutants trapped on the surface of the filler is oxidized into nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen under the action of nitrite bacteria and nitrobacteria under an aerobic condition, so that the ammonia nitrogen is removed efficiently, and the nitrification of microorganisms can be enhanced by micro-aeration on the unsaturated water layer 202a in order to cope with the fluctuation of the ammonia nitrogen of the incoming water.
In one embodiment, the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 302 is distributed with crushed stones and multi-element micro-electrolysis fillers from bottom to top, the total height of the crushed stones and the multi-element micro-electrolysis fillers is 1.2m, and the height ratio of the crushed stones to the multi-element micro-electrolysis fillers is 1: 2.
The denitrification mainly occurs in the water saturation layer 202b of the aeration plant filter bed 200 and the denitrification tank 301, the denitrification tank 301 provides an anoxic and anaerobic environment, and the available carbon source in the artificial wetland system is the main limiting factor of the denitrification reaction. Understandably, the micro-electrolysis reaction of the multielement micro-electrolysis filler can convert organic matters which are difficult to degrade in water, such as humic acid, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and the like, so that macromolecular organic pollutants are degraded into micromolecular nontoxic organic matters, the available carbon source for denitrification is increased, the slow-release carbon source is added into the denitrification tank 301 to supplement the available carbon source for denitrification reaction, and the increase of the carbon source promotes the denitrification of the artificial wetland to generate N2、N2O and NO to reach the final denitrogenation.
In this embodiment, the multi-element microelectrolytic filler of the water saturation layer 202b and the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 302 is prepared by mixing, granulating and roasting water supply plant sludge, clay, iron powder, activated carbon, pore-forming agent and noble metal coupling catalyst in proportion. The particle diameter is 20-30mm, and the specific gravity is about 1.3-1.6t/m3The specific surface area is about 1.5 square meters per gram, and the atomization strength is about 600kg/cm2The porosity was about 60%.
The slow-release carbon source filler in the denitrification tank 301 is a composite filler of broken stones and waste wood blocks, the waste wood blocks are obtained from garden waste, and part of main materials of the multielement microelectrolysis filler and the slow-release carbon source belong to solid waste recycling and meet the requirement of circular economy development. The slow-release carbon source is matched with the crushed stones to form a composite filler filling and denitrification tank 301.
The phosphorus removal approach of the constructed wetland system is mainly the adsorption and co-precipitation action of the filler, the porosity of the multi-element micro-electrolysis filler is high, the adsorption capacity is large, the components of calcium, iron, aluminum, magnesium and the like are rich, the phosphorus removal is facilitated, and meanwhile, a large amount of Fe can be generated in the micro-electrolysis process2+、Fe3+、Al3+Phosphate enhances the removal of phosphorus from water by a process of coagulating sedimentation.
In some embodiments, the elevation of the bottom of the aeration plant filter bed 200 is equal to the elevation of the bottom of the composite denitrification artificial wetland bed 300, so that the design can be convenient for construction. Meanwhile, the height difference is arranged between the elevation of the top of the aeration plant filter bed 200 and the elevation of the top of the composite denitrification artificial wetland bed 300, so that the filtering speed can be effectively kept.
Referring to the attached drawings, a first water collecting pipe 600a at the bottom of the supporting layer 203 of the aerated plant filter bed 200 is connected with a second water distributing pipe 400b at the bottom of the denitrification tank 301, and a valve is arranged at the joint of the first water collecting pipe 600a and the second water distributing pipe 400 b. The design of the valve is beneficial to coping with the condition that water pollution accords with fluctuation, such as farmland water drainage and the like, and the good treatment effect is continuously kept. When the pollution load fluctuates, the water treatment effect can be ensured by taking measures of opening and closing a valve, strengthening aeration, prolonging the hydraulic retention time and the like.
The plant layer of the aeration plant filter bed 200 and the aquatic plant on the top of the composite denitrification artificial wetland bed 300 can be configured with and selected from improved vetiver grass, and are reasonably matched with windmill grass, reed, cattail and some plants with good landscape effect, which have strong decontamination capability.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. An enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal constructed wetland system is characterized by comprising:
the system comprises a grit chamber, a water inlet and a water outlet, wherein one side of the grit chamber is provided with the water inlet, and the other side of the grit chamber is provided with the water outlet;
the aeration plant filter beds sequentially consist of a plant layer, a packing layer and a supporting layer from top to bottom, a first water distribution pipe is arranged at the top of the packing layer and connected with a water outlet of the grit chamber, an aeration pipe is arranged on the packing layer, and a first water collecting pipe is arranged at the bottom of the supporting layer;
the composite denitrification artificial wetland bed comprises a denitrification tank and a vertical undercurrent artificial wetland, wherein a slow-release carbon source is filled in the denitrification tank, a second water distribution pipe is arranged at the bottom of the denitrification tank and is connected with a first water collecting pipe, aquatic plants are planted at the top of the denitrification tank, a third water distribution pipe is arranged at the top of the vertical undercurrent artificial wetland, the third water distribution pipe is connected with a water outlet of the denitrification tank, and a second water collecting pipe is arranged at the bottom of the vertical undercurrent artificial wetland.
2. The enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal constructed wetland system of claim 1, which is characterized in that: and a sand collecting pit with a slope is arranged at the bottom of the grit chamber along the water inlet direction.
3. The enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal constructed wetland system of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the packing layer is composed of an unsaturated water layer and a saturated water layer, the upper end of the unsaturated water layer is a plant layer, an aerator pipe is arranged between the unsaturated water layer and the saturated water layer, the aerator pipe is connected with a fan, and the fan is powered by a wind-solar complementary system.
4. The enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal constructed wetland system of claim 3, wherein: the plant layer is a movable plate frame plant bed.
5. The enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal constructed wetland system of claim 3, wherein: the non-water-saturated layer is filled with a composite filler formed by mixing natural river sand, marble and zeolite, the height of the non-water-saturated layer is 0.8-1.2 m, the natural river sand, the marble and the zeolite respectively account for 60%, 35% and 5% of the total volume of the composite filler, and the particle sizes of the natural river sand, the marble and the zeolite are 0.35-0.85mm, 2-3mm and 1-2mm respectively.
6. The enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal constructed wetland system of claim 5, wherein: the saturated water layer is filled with multi-element micro-electrolysis filler, the filling height of the multi-element micro-electrolysis filler is 0.45-0.55m, and a layer of nylon net is arranged between the supporting layer and the saturated water layer and between the saturated water layer and the unsaturated water layer.
7. The enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal constructed wetland system of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland is provided with crushed stones and multi-element micro-electrolysis fillers from bottom to top, the total height of the crushed stones and the multi-element micro-electrolysis fillers is 1.15-1.25m, and the height ratio of the crushed stones to the multi-element micro-electrolysis fillers is 1: 2.
8. The enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal constructed wetland system of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the elevation of the bottom of the aeration plant filter bed is level with the elevation of the bottom of the composite denitrification artificial wetland bed, and the elevation of the top of the aeration plant filter bed is provided with a height difference with the elevation of the top of the composite denitrification artificial wetland bed.
9. The enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal constructed wetland system of claim 1, which is characterized in that: and a valve is arranged at the joint of the first water collecting pipe and the second water distributing pipe.
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| CN202020369175.0U CN212293198U (en) | 2020-03-20 | 2020-03-20 | Enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal constructed wetland system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111333273A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-06-26 | 广州市绿化公司 | Enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal constructed wetland system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111333273A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-06-26 | 广州市绿化公司 | Enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal constructed wetland system |
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