CN212264868U - Self-supporting friction stir welding device - Google Patents

Self-supporting friction stir welding device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN212264868U
CN212264868U CN202022067792.8U CN202022067792U CN212264868U CN 212264868 U CN212264868 U CN 212264868U CN 202022067792 U CN202022067792 U CN 202022067792U CN 212264868 U CN212264868 U CN 212264868U
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
shaft shoulder
keyway
shoulder
counter bore
friction stir
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn - After Issue
Application number
CN202022067792.8U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
周利
李高辉
刘杉
王苹
张海峰
梁涛
张欣盟
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co Ltd
Harbin Institute of Technology Weihai
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CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co Ltd
Harbin Institute of Technology Weihai
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Priority to CN202022067792.8U priority Critical patent/CN212264868U/en
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Publication of CN212264868U publication Critical patent/CN212264868U/en
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Abstract

The utility model relates to a self-supporting friction stir welding device, the problem that the box structure needs two-sided friction stir welding is treated in treating that has solved the formation of cavity section bar matched stack, it is equipped with the stirring needle, the stirring needle passes the upper portion shaft shoulder in proper order, first middle part shaft shoulder, a spring, second middle part shaft shoulder and lower part shaft shoulder, the lower extreme of first middle part shaft shoulder is equipped with first counter bore, the upper end of second middle part shaft shoulder is equipped with the second counter bore, spring one end stretch into in the first counter bore and rather than the up end contact, the spring other end stretch into in the second counter bore and rather than down end contact, the upper end and the lower extreme of stirring needle are equipped with upper end keyway and lower extreme keyway respectively, the upper portion shaft shoulder is equipped with upper keyway, the lower part shaft shoulder is equipped with next keyway, be equipped with the key in upper end keyway and the upper keyway, be equipped with next key in lower extreme keyway. The utility model discloses can possess good manufacturability and commonality according to the interval of the first middle part shaft shoulder of undulant automatically regulated of cavity section bar inner chamber height and second middle part shaft shoulder.

Description

Self-supporting friction stir welding device
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the welding technique and specifically relates to a self-supporting friction stir welding device.
Background
The friction stir welding is a novel solid phase welding technology, can avoid the defects of air holes, hot cracks, slag inclusion and the like generated in the welding process, and can also avoid the burning loss of alloy elements, so the friction stir welding has wide application prospect in the field of welding of nonferrous metals such as aluminum, magnesium and the like. In the process of friction stir welding, the stirring head rotates and is inserted into a workpiece to be welded, and the stirring head is kept in contact with the workpiece to be welded under certain pressure, so that higher downward pressure is exerted on the workpiece to be welded in the welding process. Therefore, in friction stir welding, a support needs to be placed on the back of the workpiece to be welded.
At present, the rail train manufacturing industry has a large amount of hollow section bar welding demands. When box type structure of treating of friction stir welding cavity section bar matched stack, it is very big to lay the back support degree of difficulty, even can lay the support, the processing of frock is also more difficult, and getting of support is also wasted time and energy, and is with high costs. Meanwhile, when the support rigidity is insufficient, the welding seam has defects of grooves, tunnels, holes and the like. In order to solve the problems, the connection of the hollow section bars is finished by respectively welding the upper side seam and the lower side seam of a box-type structure to be welded which is formed by butt-joint assembly of the hollow section bars by mainly adopting a double-shaft-shoulder friction stir welding method in industrial production at present. However, the production cycle is long due to two times of welding, the friction stir welding efficiency is seriously influenced, and the further application of the friction stir welding technology in the field of hollow section welding is limited.
In order to weld the upper and lower joints of a box-shaped structure to be welded assembled by hollow profiles at the same time, a patent (201520196724.8) proposes a combined double-shaft-shoulder friction stir welding head, which is formed by sequentially connecting an upper shaft shoulder, a first stirring pin, a bearing-type upper shaft shoulder, a bearing-type lower shaft shoulder, a second stirring pin and a lower shaft shoulder by threads. This design suffers from several problems:
(1) the use of two stirring pins makes installation complicated and makes it difficult to achieve high coaxiality. (2) The butt-joint assembling clamp of the hollow section bar with the length of tens of meters can not avoid the fluctuation of the height of the inner cavity of the assembled box type structure to be welded, the bearing type upper and lower shaft shoulders can not adapt to the fluctuation of the height of the inner cavity of the box type structure to be welded assembled by the hollow section bar in the direction vertical to the surface of the hollow section bar in the welding process, and the bearing type upper and lower shaft shoulders are easy to be separated from the surface of the inner cavity of the box type structure to be welded or the pressing amount is too large, so that the welding process is unstable, and the. (3) The upper shaft shoulder, the bearing type lower shaft shoulder and the lower shaft shoulder rotate simultaneously in the welding process, the power of a motor is required to be large, the welding torque is large, the stirring pin is easy to break, and the service life is short; high welding heat input, coarsening of crystal grains, dissolution of precipitated phases and reduction of the mechanical property of the joint. (4) The dismantlement difficulty of stirring head, violent shock among the welding process leads to the screw thread card to die easily, can't change when causing stirring needle or shaft shoulder to damage, use cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a self-supporting friction stir welding device which is suitable for a box type structure to be welded assembled by hollow sectional materials; in addition, the utility model can automatically adjust the distance between the first middle shaft shoulder and the second middle shaft shoulder according to the fluctuation of the height of the inner cavity of the hollow section bar during the welding process, and has good manufacturability and universality; the first middle shaft shoulder and the second middle shaft shoulder do not rotate in the welding process, the heat input and the welding torque are lower, and the welding device is particularly suitable for welding long straight butt joints of hollow sections of high-iron aluminum alloy vehicle bodies.
To this end, the utility model provides a self-supporting friction stir welding device suitable for a box structure to be welded assembled by hollow sectional materials, which is provided with an upper shaft shoulder, a stirring pin, a first middle shaft shoulder, a spring, a second middle shaft shoulder and a lower shaft shoulder, wherein the stirring pin sequentially passes through the upper shaft shoulder, the first middle shaft shoulder, the spring, the second middle shaft shoulder and the lower shaft shoulder, the lower end of the stirring pin is tapped with fine threads, the stirring pin is connected with a nut through the fine threads, the upper end surface of the nut is contacted with the lower end surface of the lower shaft shoulder and props against the lower shaft shoulder from the lower part, the lower end of the first middle shaft shoulder is provided with a first counter bore along the axis, the upper end of the second middle shaft shoulder is provided with a second counter bore along the axis, one end of the spring is extended into the first counter bore and is contacted with the upper end surface of the first counter bore, the other end of the spring is extended into the second counter bore and is contacted with the lower end surface of the second counter bore, the upper end and the lower end of, the upper shaft shoulder is provided with an upper key groove, the lower shaft shoulder is provided with a lower key groove, the upper key groove extends to the top surface of the upper shaft shoulder, the lower key groove extends to the bottom surface of the lower shaft shoulder, an upper key is arranged in the upper key groove and the upper key groove, and a lower key is arranged in the lower key groove and the lower key groove.
Preferably, the first middle shaft shoulder and the second middle shaft shoulder are respectively provided with a first through hole and a second through hole along the axis, and the first through hole and the second through hole are in clearance fit with the stirring pin.
Preferably, the upper shaft shoulder is provided with a first mounting hole along the axis, the lower shaft shoulder is provided with a second mounting hole along the axis, and the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are in clearance fit with the stirring needle.
Preferably, the lower end face of the upper shaft shoulder and the upper end face of the lower shaft shoulder are both provided with spiral grooves.
Preferably, the upper shaft shoulder is integrally provided with a clamping handle.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model, following beneficial effect has:
(1) the utility model discloses broken through the design of stirring head in the past, realized a clamping, need not to overturn the work piece, can accomplish the friction stir welding who treats welding box structural upper wall and lower wall seam of cavity section bar matched stack simultaneously, can simplify welding process greatly, reduction in production cost improves production efficiency.
(2) The utility model discloses be equipped with first middle part shaft shoulder, second middle part shaft shoulder and spring, the spring is in between the up end of the first counter bore of first middle part shaft shoulder and the lower terminal surface of the second counter bore of second middle part shaft shoulder, can be according to the interval between the first middle part shaft shoulder of fluctuation automatically regulated of treating welding box structural cavity height and the second middle part shaft shoulder among the welding process, make the up end of first middle part shaft shoulder contact all the time treat the upper wall of welding box structure, the lower terminal surface of second middle part shaft shoulder contacts all the time treats the lower wall of welding box structure, the welding quality has been guaranteed, possesses good manufacturability and commonality.
(3) The utility model provides a lower extreme threaded connection nut of stirring pin, the up end of nut and the lower terminal surface contact of lower part shaft shoulder withhold lower part shaft shoulder from the below, make the relative stirring pin of lower part shaft shoulder upward movement through swivel nut, can adjust the interval of lower part shaft shoulder and upper portion shaft shoulder to adapt to the welding of the not hollow section bar of co-altitude.
(4) The utility model discloses an upper end and lower extreme of stirring pin are equipped with upper end keyway and lower extreme keyway respectively, and upper portion shaft shoulder and lower part shaft shoulder are equipped with upper keyway and next keyway respectively, through the cooperation of upper end keyway, upper key and the cooperation of lower extreme keyway, next key, in welding process, when upper portion shaft shoulder rotates, drive stirring pin and lower part shaft shoulder together rotatory; and first middle part shaft shoulder and second middle part shaft shoulder irrotational has effectively reduced welding heat input, has improved welding seam mechanical properties, has reduced the welding moment of torsion, has prolonged the life of pin mixer.
(5) The utility model discloses well upper portion shaft shoulder, stirring pin, lower part shaft shoulder cooperation are inseparable, the axiality is high, stability is good, and the device installation, dismantlement are swiftly convenient, can change alone when stirring pin or shaft shoulder damage, and use cost is low.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a front view structural diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. an upper shoulder; 1-1, a first mounting hole; 1-2, upper key groove; 1-3, clamping a handle; 2. a key-up; 3. a stirring pin; 3-1, key slot at the upper end; 3-2, a key groove at the lower end; 3-3, fine thread; 4. a first middle shoulder; 4-1, a first stepped bore; 4-2. a first slot; 5. a spring; 6. a second middle shoulder; 6-1. a second stepped bore; 6-2. a second slot; 7. a lower shoulder; 7-1. a second mounting hole; 7-2. lower key groove; 8. a lower bond; 9. a nut; 10. a lower butt seam; 11. an upper butt seam; 12. a spiral groove;
w, inner cavity width; K. the height of the inner cavity; l. free length of spring.
Detailed Description
The invention will be better understood from the following examples. However, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the description of the embodiments is only for illustrating the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention as described in the claims. The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inner", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the utility model discloses a treat self-supporting friction stir welding device of weld box type structure suitable for cavity section bar matched stack, including upper portion shaft shoulder 1, stirring pin 3, first middle part shaft shoulder 4, spring 5, second middle part shaft shoulder 6 and lower part shaft shoulder 7. The stirring pin 3 sequentially penetrates through the upper shaft shoulder 1, the first middle shaft shoulder 4, the spring 5, the second middle shaft shoulder 6 and the lower shaft shoulder 7, fine threads 3-3 are tapped at the lower end of the stirring pin 3 and used for being connected with the nut 9, the upper end face of the nut 9 is in contact with the lower end face of the lower shaft shoulder 7, the lower shaft shoulder 7 is propped against the lower shaft shoulder 7 from the lower side, the lower shaft shoulder 7 moves upwards relative to the stirring pin 3 through rotating the nut 9, and the distance between the lower shaft shoulder 7 and the upper shaft shoulder 1 can be shortened so as to adapt to welding of hollow sectional materials with different heights.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the first middle shaft shoulder 4 and the second middle shaft shoulder 5 are respectively provided with a first through hole 4-1 and a second through hole 6-1 along the axis, and the diameters of the first through hole 4-1 and the second through hole 6-1 are slightly larger than the diameter of the stirring pin 3 and are in clearance fit with the stirring pin 3, so that the stirring pin 3 can be smoothly inserted or pulled out. The lower end of the first middle shaft shoulder 4 is provided with a first counter bore 4-2 along the axis, the upper end of the second middle shaft shoulder 6 is provided with a second counter bore 6-2 along the axis, one end of the spring 5 extends into the first counter bore 4-2, and the other end of the spring 5 extends into the second counter bore 6-2. The head end of the spring 5 contacts the upper end face of the first counterbore 4-2, and the tail end of the spring 5 contacts the lower end face of the second counterbore 6-2. The spring 5 is used for supporting the first middle shaft shoulder 4 and the second middle shaft shoulder 6, so that the upper end face of the first middle shaft shoulder 4 is always in contact with the upper wall of the hollow profile in the welding process, and the lower end face of the second middle shaft shoulder 6 is always in contact with the lower wall of the hollow profile, and the fluctuation of the height of an inner cavity of a box-type structure to be welded matched with the hollow profile is adapted in the welding process.
The upper shaft shoulder 1 is provided with a first mounting hole 1-1 along the axis, and the diameter of the first mounting hole 1-1 is slightly larger than that of the stirring pin 3, so that the stirring pin 3 can be smoothly inserted or pulled out. The upper shaft shoulder 1 is provided with an upper key groove 1-2, the upper key groove 1-2 extends to the top surface of the upper shaft shoulder 1, correspondingly, the upper end of the stirring pin 3 is provided with an upper key groove 3-1, and the upper key groove 3-1 and the upper key groove 1-2 are internally provided with an upper key 2.
Specifically, after the lower end of the stirring pin 3 penetrates through the first mounting hole 1-1 of the upper shaft shoulder 1 from top to bottom, the upper key groove 1-2 is exposed above the upper shaft shoulder 1, the upper key 2 is mounted in the upper key groove 1-2, the upper end face of the upper key 2 contacts the upper end face of the upper key groove 3-1 of the stirring pin 3, and the stirring pin 3 is pulled downwards, so that the lower end face of the upper key 2 contacts the lower end face of the upper key groove 1-2 of the upper shaft shoulder 1. Through the cooperation of the upper key groove 3-1 of the stirring pin 3, the upper key 2 and the upper key groove 1-2, the rotation of the upper shaft shoulder 1 relative to the stirring pin 3 can be limited, and meanwhile, the upward displacement of the upper shaft shoulder 1 relative to the stirring pin 3 is also limited.
Similarly, the lower shaft shoulder 7 is provided with a second mounting hole 7-1 along the axis, and the diameter of the second mounting hole 7-1 is the same as that of the first mounting hole 1-1, so that the stirring pin 3 can smoothly pass through the hole. The lower shaft shoulder 7 is provided with a lower key groove 7-2, and the lower key groove 7-2 extends to the bottom surface of the lower shaft shoulder 7. Correspondingly, the lower end of the stirring pin 3 is provided with a lower end key groove 3-2, and a lower key 8 is arranged in the lower end key groove 3-2.
Specifically, the lower end of the stirring pin 3 sequentially passes through a first through hole 4-1 of a first middle shaft shoulder 4, a spring 5 and a second through hole 6-1 of a second middle shaft shoulder 6 and then penetrates out of a second mounting hole 7-1 of a lower shaft shoulder 7, so that a lower key groove 3-2 is exposed below the lower shaft shoulder 7, a lower key 8 is mounted in the lower key groove 3-2, the lower end face of the lower key 8 is in contact with the lower end face of the lower key groove 3-1 of the stirring pin 3, the lower shaft shoulder 7 is pulled downwards, and the lower key 8 enters the lower key groove 7-2 until the lower shaft shoulder 7 cannot move downwards relative to the stirring pin 3. The lower end key groove 3-2, the lower key 8 and the lower key groove 7-2 are matched, so that the rotation of the lower shaft shoulder 7 relative to the stirring pin 3 can be limited, and the downward displacement of the lower shaft shoulder 7 relative to the stirring pin 3 can be limited.
The upper shaft shoulder 1 is integrally provided with a clamping handle 1-3 which is used for being connected with a main shaft of the friction stir welding machine to drive a welding device to rotate, and the stirring pin 3 is driven to rotate together when the upper shaft shoulder 1 rotates through the matching of an upper key groove 3-1, an upper key 2 and an upper key groove 1-2 of the stirring pin 3; similarly, the lower key 8 of the lower key groove 3-2 is matched with the lower key groove 7-2, so that the lower shaft shoulder 7 is driven to rotate together when the stirring pin 3 rotates. Design like this for upper portion shaft shoulder 1 and lower part shaft shoulder 7 rotate and first middle part shaft shoulder 4 and the 6 irrotations of second middle part shaft shoulder in welding process, have effectively reduced welding heat input, have improved welding seam mechanical properties, have reduced the welding moment of torsion, have prolonged the life of stirring needle 3.
Furthermore, the end face of the upper shaft shoulder 1 contacting the section bar is provided with a spiral groove 12, and the end face of the lower shaft shoulder 7 contacting the section bar is provided with a spiral groove 12, which are all used for converging the thermoplastic metal from the edge of the shaft shoulder to the periphery of the stirring pin in the welding process.
The embodiment also discloses a self-supporting friction stir welding method for the box-to-be-welded structure assembled by the hollow profiles, which specifically comprises the following steps as shown in fig. 3-4:
(1) assembling hollow sections: the welded hollow section bars are fixed on a workbench by utilizing a clamping tool, so that the welded hollow section bars are butted and positioned on the same horizontal plane to assemble a box type structure to be welded.
(2) Determining the size of the welding device: selecting a first middle shaft shoulder 4 and a second middle shaft shoulder 6 according to the width W of the inner cavity of the box-type structure to be welded, and ensuring that the diameters of the first middle shaft shoulder 4 and the second middle shaft shoulder 6 are both smaller than the width W of the inner cavity of the box-type structure to be welded; selecting a spring 5 according to the height K of the inner cavity of the box type structure to be welded, ensuring that the free length L of the spring 5 is greater than the height K of the inner cavity of the box type structure to be welded, and ensuring that the ultimate load of the spring 5 is greater than 10 times of the weight of the first middle shaft shoulder 4; in particular, in the present embodiment, the limit load of the spring 5 is equal to 15 times the weight of the first intermediate shoulder 4; and adjusting the nut 9 according to the height of the box-type structure to be welded, so that the distance between the upper shaft shoulder 1 and the lower shaft shoulder 7 is equal to the height of the box-type structure to be welded.
(3) Friction stir welding: adjusting the relative position of the welding device and the box-shaped structure to be welded, ensuring that the upper butt joint seam 10 and the lower butt joint seam 11 are aligned with the stirring pin 3, and ensuring that the end surfaces of the upper shaft shoulder 1 and the lower shaft shoulder 7, which are contacted with the profile, are distributed in central symmetry along the height direction of the profile; the pressing state of the spring 5 is adjusted, so that the upper end face of the first middle shaft shoulder 4 clamps the upper surface of the inner cavity of the box type structure to be welded, and the lower end face of the second middle shaft shoulder 6 clamps the lower surface of the inner cavity of the box type structure to be welded; and selecting proper parameters, and translating the welding device to cut into the butt joint for welding.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A self-supporting friction stir welding device is characterized by comprising an upper shaft shoulder, a stirring pin, a first middle shaft shoulder, a spring, a second middle shaft shoulder and a lower shaft shoulder, wherein the stirring pin sequentially penetrates through the upper shaft shoulder, the first middle shaft shoulder, the spring, the second middle shaft shoulder and the lower shaft shoulder, fine threads are tapped at the lower end of the stirring pin, the stirring pin is connected with a nut through the fine threads, the upper end face of the nut is in contact with the lower end face of the lower shaft shoulder to prop against the lower shaft shoulder from below, a first counter bore is formed in the lower end of the first middle shaft shoulder along the axis, a second counter bore is formed in the upper end of the second middle shaft shoulder along the axis, one end of the spring extends into the first counter bore to be in contact with the upper end face of the first counter bore, the other end of the spring extends into the second counter bore to be in contact with the lower end face of the second counter bore, the upper end and the lower extreme of stirring pin are equipped with upper end keyway and lower extreme keyway respectively, the upper portion shaft shoulder is equipped with upper keyway, the lower part shaft shoulder is equipped with lower keyway, upper keyway extends to upper portion shaft shoulder top surface, lower keyway extends to lower part shaft shoulder bottom surface, the upper end keyway with be equipped with the key of higher authority in the upper keyway, the lower extreme keyway with be equipped with down the key in the lower keyway.
2. The self-supporting friction stir welding apparatus of claim 1 wherein the first and second central shoulders have respective first and second through holes along an axis, the first and second through holes being in clearance fit with the pin.
3. The self-supporting friction stir welding apparatus of claim 1 wherein said upper shoulder has a first mounting hole along an axis and said lower shoulder has a second mounting hole along an axis, said first and second mounting holes being in clearance fit with said pin.
4. The self-supporting friction stir welding apparatus of claim 3 wherein said upper shoulder lower end surface and said lower shoulder upper end surface are each provided with a helical groove.
5. The self-supporting friction stir welding apparatus of claim 4 wherein said upper shoulder is integrally formed with a clamping shank.
CN202022067792.8U 2020-09-18 2020-09-18 Self-supporting friction stir welding device Withdrawn - After Issue CN212264868U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202022067792.8U CN212264868U (en) 2020-09-18 2020-09-18 Self-supporting friction stir welding device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202022067792.8U CN212264868U (en) 2020-09-18 2020-09-18 Self-supporting friction stir welding device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN212264868U true CN212264868U (en) 2021-01-01

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CN202022067792.8U Withdrawn - After Issue CN212264868U (en) 2020-09-18 2020-09-18 Self-supporting friction stir welding device

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112108757A (en) * 2020-09-18 2020-12-22 哈尔滨工业大学(威海) Self-supporting friction stir welding device and welding method thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112108757A (en) * 2020-09-18 2020-12-22 哈尔滨工业大学(威海) Self-supporting friction stir welding device and welding method thereof
CN112108757B (en) * 2020-09-18 2024-04-30 哈尔滨工业大学(威海) Self-supporting friction stir welding device and welding method thereof

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