CN212261078U

CN212261078U - Chopsticks for children learning

Info

Publication number: CN212261078U
Application number: CN202020517828.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Xintian Trading Guangzhou Co ltd
Current assignee: Xintian Trading Guangzhou Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-10
Filing date: 2020-04-10
Publication date: 2021-01-01
Anticipated expiration: 2030-04-10

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of chopsticks, in order to solve among the current children learning chopsticks coupling assembling inconvenient, the joint position damages at least one problem easily, provide a children learn to use chopsticks, include: the chopstick holder comprises a first chopstick, a second chopstick and a connecting assembly for connecting the first chopstick and the second chopstick, wherein the connecting assembly comprises a first clamping plate and a second clamping plate; the inner side surface of the first clamping plate is provided with a guide rail, the inner side surface of the guide rail is provided with a clamping position extending towards the inside of the guide rail, the inner side surface of the second clamping plate is provided with a sliding plate, two sides of the sliding plate are provided with grooves, and the sliding plate further comprises a suspension arm arranged on the grooves; the depending arm is insertable into a guide rail on the first clamping plate and a detent extending from an inside surface of the guide rail is abuttable with the depending arm. Therefore, the guide rails matched with each other are added on the two clamping plates, so that the assembly and the disassembly are convenient.

Description

Chopsticks for children learning

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of chopsticks, especially, relate to a help develops children intelligence children learn to use chopsticks.

Background

Chopsticks are used as dining tools in many countries, especially in many Asian countries and regions, such as China, Japan, Korea, etc., so people in these countries and regions need to learn to use chopsticks from small time; however, many children have problems in the process of using chopsticks at the beginning, for example, the chopsticks cannot be used for clamping food, so that the food is scattered on a table, or the way of using the chopsticks does not cause slow eating speed; therefore, it is a very interesting matter for many parents to help children quickly learn to use chopsticks.

For example, chinese patent application No. CN201920151967.8 discloses a child learning chopstick, as shown in fig. 1, which includes: the chopstick connecting assembly comprises a first chopstick, a second chopstick and a connecting assembly for connecting the first chopstick and the second chopstick, wherein a connecting shaft capable of enabling the first chopstick and the second chopstick to rotate relatively is arranged on the connecting assembly, and the connecting shaft is connected with the non-top part of the first chopstick and/or the second chopstick. Therefore, the child can be effectively guided to hold the chopsticks according to the specified position, and the holding position is almost the same as the position of the hand when the common chopsticks are actually used; can help children learn the method for correctly using chopsticks.

But the inventor is realizing the utility model discloses an in-process discovery, children learn to use chopsticks although can help children to learn correctly to use chopsticks well, coupling assembling is through the connected mode of first splint and second splint among the above-mentioned chopsticks, if adopt to paste or mode such as welding and cooperate not convenient for tear open and wash, dismantles fracture, the damage that appears the joint position in-process easily moreover.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses a solve among the current children study chopsticks coupling assembling assemble inconvenient, the joint position damages at least one problem easily, provide a children study and use chopsticks, through increase the guide rail of mutually supporting at two splint, not only assemble like this, dismantle all very convenient, assemble moreover, dismantle the in-process, each part is also difficult to damage among the children study and use chopsticks.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a technical solution comprising:

the utility model provides a children learn to use chopsticks, a serial communication port, include:

the chopstick connecting device comprises a first chopstick, a second chopstick and a connecting assembly for connecting the first chopstick and the second chopstick, wherein the connecting assembly comprises a first clamping plate and a second clamping plate;

the inner side surface of the first clamping plate is provided with a guide rail, the inner side surface of the guide rail is provided with a clamping position extending towards the inside of the guide rail, the inner side surface of the second clamping plate is provided with a sliding plate, two sides of the sliding plate are provided with grooves, and the sliding plate further comprises a suspension arm arranged on the grooves; the hanging arm can be inserted into a guide rail on the first clamping plate, and a clamping position extending from the inner side surface of the guide rail can be abutted with the hanging arm, so that the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate clamp the first chopstick and the second chopstick.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the guide rail is a U-shaped integrated guide rail, and the outer side of the sliding plate is also a U-shaped integrated sliding plate; the U-shaped integrated sliding plate can be inserted into the U-shaped integrated guide rail.

In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a protruding positioning portion is further provided on the hanging arm outside the sliding plate, and when the sliding plate of the U-shaped integrated type in the second clamping plate is inserted into the guide rail of the U-shaped integrated type in the first clamping plate, the positioning portion and the guide rail of the U-shaped integrated type in the first clamping plate form an interference fit.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the chopsticks for children learning further comprise: and the elastic element is arranged between the outer side of the guide rail and the inner sides of the first chopstick and the second chopstick.

In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the guide rail is disposed at a central position between the first chopstick and the second chopstick, and the elastic element is a U-shaped member and is made of a material that is deformable by itself; the inner side surface of the U-shaped component is abutted with the outer side surface of the guide rail, and the outer side surface of the U-shaped component is abutted with the inner side surfaces of the first chopstick and the second chopstick.

In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the elastic element is a hollow ring-shaped member, the ring-shaped member is located between the guide rail and the side wall of the first chopstick and/or the side wall of the second chopstick, and the upper width of the ring-shaped member is greater than the lower width.

In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the elastic element is made of a silicone material.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the chopsticks for children learning further comprise: the limiting part is arranged on the first clamping plate and/or the second clamping plate, the limiting part extends from the side wall of the first clamping plate and/or the side wall of the second clamping plate, and the two sides of the limiting part are respectively abutted against the side walls of the two chopsticks to limit the dislocation of the bottoms of the two chopsticks.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first chopsticks and the second chopsticks are made of a material with a first color, and the first splint and the second splint are made of a material with a second color different from the first color.

The embodiment of the utility model provides an in the preferred embodiment, first splint and/or be provided with on the second splint respectively with first chopsticks the connecting portion that the second chopsticks are connected, two chopsticks can wind the guide rail of first splint is rotatory.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the coupling assembly is arranged to enable the first and second chopsticks to rotate relative to the coupling assembly, and the coupling assembly is connected to the non-top part of the first and/or second chopsticks.

The utility model discloses in the preferred embodiment, first chopsticks with still be provided with two spiral rotary-type bracelets on at least one chopsticks in the second chopsticks, first spiral rotary-type bracelet with the first end that at least one chopsticks are connected and the spiral rotary-type bracelet of second and the second end that at least one chopsticks are connected are in same axial direction, first spiral rotary-type bracelet with the first end that at least one chopsticks are connected with the spiral rotary-type bracelet of second with the first end that at least one chopsticks are connected is in perpendicular to axial direction distribution.

By adopting the technical scheme provided by the utility model, the guide rail is arranged on the first clamping plate, the sliding plate is arranged on the second clamping plate, the suspension arm is arranged on the sliding block, the suspension arm can be inserted into the guide rail on the first clamping plate, and the extended position of the inner side surface of the guide rail can be abutted against the suspension arm, so that the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate clamp the first chopsticks and the second chopsticks; through the gliding mode like this, can assemble first splint and second splint conveniently, fast, but also convenient to detach.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure and/or process particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an exploded view of a child learning chopstick in the prior art.

Fig. 2 is a partial schematic view of a child learning chopstick according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a partial schematic view of a pair of chopsticks for children to learn.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a ring in a chopstick for children to learn.

Fig. 5 is a partial schematic view showing a third embodiment of the chopsticks for children to learn.

Fig. 6 is a partial schematic view of a child learning chopstick according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a partial schematic view of a child learning chopstick according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals

110-the first chopstick and the second chopstick,	120-the second chopstick,	122/124-a finger ring,
			122 a-a first end portion of the first section,	124 a-the second end portion of the housing,	124 b-the first end portion of the first,
130-a first elastic element which is,	140-a first clamping plate, which is,	142-a first U-shaped chute,
			142 a-a first U-shaped guide rail,	142 b-a first U-shaped detent,	144 a-the first positioning portion(s),
144 b-a second positioning portion, 144b,	144 c-a third location portion,	146-a second limiting portion, the second limiting portion,
			150-the second clamping plate, and the second clamping plate,	152-a first U-shaped sliding plate,	152 a-a first U-shaped groove,
152 b-a first U-shaped depending arm,	152 c-a first position-lock-out,	152 d-the first arc-shaped end portion,
			154-the inner side of the second splint,	156-a hollow ring, the hollow ring,	240-a third clamping plate, which is,
242-a second U-shaped chute,	242 a-a second U-shaped guide rail,	242 b-a second U-shaped detent,
			232-an outer ring of the second elastic element,	234-a second resilient element cavity,	250-a fourth clamping plate, wherein the fourth clamping plate is provided with a clamping groove,
252-a second U-shaped sliding plate.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, so as to solve the technical problems by applying technical means to the present invention, and to fully understand and implement the technical effects of the present invention. It should be noted that the specific description is only for the purpose of making the present invention easier and clearer for those skilled in the art to understand, and is not a limiting explanation of the present invention; and as long as no conflict is formed, the embodiments and the features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, and the technical solutions formed are all within the scope of the present invention.

In addition, the terminology used in the embodiments of the present invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the embodiments of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

It should be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein is merely one type of association that describes an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.

It should be understood that although the terms first, second, etc. may be used in the embodiments of the present invention to describe chopsticks, cleats, etc., these chopsticks, cleats, etc. should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish sensors and the like from one another. For example, a first splint may also be referred to as a second splint, and similarly, a second splint may also be referred to as a first splint without departing from the scope of embodiments of the present invention. The third and fourth descriptions are also similar.

The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

example one

Although this embodiment is an improvement of the connecting assembly in the chopsticks for children to learn, on the basis of the prior art, the structure of the chopsticks for children to learn can be similar to the prior art, but is not limited to this, and for chopsticks with other structures, if assembled with the connecting assembly provided in this embodiment, it also belongs to the protection scope of this embodiment.

As shown in fig. 1, the chopsticks for children to learn comprise a first chopstick and a second chopstick; the first chopstick comprises a first picking part and a first top part, the first picking part is positioned at the bottom of the first chopstick, and the second chopstick comprises a second picking part and a second top part. The surfaces of the first picking part and the second picking part facing the inner sides are provided with anti-skidding grooves, and the size of the bottom of each chopstick is smaller than that of the top; and the top of the first chopstick is arranged into an arc shape.

As shown in fig. 3, a first finger ring (not shown) is provided in the middle of the first chopstick, and two finger rings are provided in the middle of the second chopstick: a finger ring 122 (second finger ring), a third finger ring located below the finger ring 122; therefore, when the chopsticks are used by children, the fingers can be directly placed in the finger rings, and the chopsticks can be better learned and used.

As shown in fig. 2-5, the children learning chopsticks further comprise a connecting assembly connecting the first chopstick 110 and the second chopstick 120 (also called two chopsticks), the connecting assembly comprising a first clamping plate 140 and a second clamping plate 150, wherein:

the first clamping plate 140 has a guide rail on the inner side surface, which is the guide rail of the left and right inner side arms of the first U-shaped sliding groove 142, for example, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the first U-shaped sliding groove 142 has a first U-shaped guide rail 142a, and the first U-shaped guide rail 142a can form a groove on each of the two inner side arms of the U-shaped protrusion, so that a protrusion is formed on the upper surface of the groove, which can be the first U-shaped detent 142b, i.e., the inner side surface of the guide rail is provided with a detent extending toward the inside of the guide rail.

The second clamping plate 150 is provided on its inner side 154 with a sliding plate, which is also substantially U-shaped in shape, also referred to as a first U-shaped sliding plate 152, the two outer arms of the first U-shaped sliding plate 152 being provided with recesses. In a preferred embodiment, the entire outer side wall of the first U-shaped sliding plate 152 is formed with a groove forming a first U-shaped groove 152a, and the first U-shaped sliding plate 152 further includes a depending arm disposed on the groove forming a first U-shaped depending arm 152 b. The depending arm can be inserted into a guide on the first jaw 140 and a detent extending from an inside surface of the guide can abut the depending arm so that the first and second jaws grip the first and second chopsticks.

As shown in fig. 2-5, in the preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, the guide rail is a U-shaped integrated guide rail (first U-shaped guide rail 142 a), and the outer side of the sliding plate is also a U-shaped integrated sliding plate (first U-shaped sliding plate 152); the U-shaped integrated slide plate (first U-shaped slide plate 152) may be inserted into the U-shaped integrated guide rail (first U-shaped guide rail 142 a).

By adopting the technical scheme provided by the embodiment, the guide rail is arranged on the first clamping plate, the sliding plate is arranged on the second clamping plate, the suspension arm is arranged on the sliding block, the suspension arm can be inserted into the guide rail on the first clamping plate, and the clamping position extending from the inner side surface of the guide rail can be abutted against the suspension arm, so that the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate clamp the first chopsticks and the second chopsticks; through the gliding mode like this, can assemble first splint and second splint conveniently, fast, but also convenient to detach.

As shown in fig. 3, the outer suspension arm of the sliding plate is further provided with a protruding detent portion (first detent portion 152 c) which is arranged on the arc-shaped end portion (first arc-shaped end portion 152 d) of the bottom portion, and when the U-shaped integrated sliding plate in the second clamping plate 150 is inserted into the U-shaped integrated guide rail in the first clamping plate 140, the detent portion forms an interference fit with the U-shaped integrated guide rail in the first clamping plate; so that the second clamping plate 150 can be stably engaged with the first clamping plate 140.

As shown in fig. 2 and 7, the connecting assembly provided in this embodiment is arranged to allow the first chopstick 110 and the second chopstick 120 to rotate relative to the connecting assembly, and the connecting assembly is connected to the non-top part of the first chopstick 110 and/or the second chopstick 120.

Because the two chopsticks are connected through the connecting component, the first chopstick and the second chopstick rotate relative to the connecting component, and the connecting component is arranged at the position of the non-top part of the chopstick, the rotating position is more reasonable, the lever force is more reasonable, and the human engineering is better met; the chopsticks can effectively guide children to hold the chopsticks according to the specified positions, and the holding positions are almost the same as the positions of hands when the common chopsticks are actually used. After the chopsticks are fixed by the two clamping plates, the connecting component for connecting the two chopsticks is manufactured and assembled more quickly, other parts are not exposed outside, and the structure is more stable; meanwhile, the two chopsticks are positioned on the same plane, so that the problem that the chopsticks cannot clamp food due to dislocation is not easy to occur.

As shown in fig. 4, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the first chopsticks 110 and the second chopsticks 120 is further provided with two spiral-rotation type bracelets (e.g., the finger ring 122 and the finger ring 124 provided on the second chopstick 120), a first end portion finger ring 122a of the first spiral-rotation type bracelet (the finger ring 122) connected with one chopstick (e.g., the second chopstick 120) and a second end portion 124a of the second spiral-rotation type bracelet (the finger ring 124) connected with one chopstick (e.g., the second chopstick 120) are in the same axial direction, and a first end portion 124a of the first spiral-rotation type bracelet (the finger ring 122) connected with one chopstick (e.g., the second chopstick 120) and a first end portion 124b of the second spiral-rotation type bracelet (the finger ring 124) connected with one chopstick (e.g., the second chopstick 120) are distributed in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction.

Therefore, the finger tips of the children are sleeved by the two finger rings, so that the contact area between the fingers and the hand rings is greatly increased, and the fingers are not easy to loosen; and the finger tips of the children can drive the picking parts of the chopsticks to rotate relative to the connecting shaft through the finger rings, so that the children can be better guided to hold the chopsticks according to the specified positions. Furthermore, the bracelet adopts a spiral rotating design, and the function of the bracelet is mainly to fix the finger tip, rather than the bracelet of the traditional learning chopsticks (the bracelet can only cover the finger); in the embodiment provided in this embodiment, the chopsticks are used by applying force to the fingertips, and the spiral-rotating bracelet can fix the fingertips.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the children learning chopsticks further comprise: a first elastic element 130 arranged between the outer side of the guide rail and the inner side of the first chopstick 110 and the inner side of the second chopstick 120, wherein the first elastic element 130 is made of silica gel material. Further, the above-mentioned guide rail is arranged at the center position between the first chopstick and the second chopstick, the first elastic element 130 is a U-shaped component and is made of a material that is deformable by itself; the inner side of the U-shaped member abuts against the outer side of the guide rail (also the outer side of the first U-shaped chute), and the outer side of the U-shaped member abuts against the inner sides of the first chopstick 110 and the second chopstick 120.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in a preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, the chopsticks for children to learn further include: and the limiting part 146 is positioned on the first clamping plate 140, the limiting part 146 is arranged to extend from the side wall of the first clamping plate 140, and two sides of the limiting part 146 are respectively abutted against the side walls of the two

chopsticks

110 and 120, so as to limit the dislocation of the bottoms of the two

chopsticks

110 and 120. Of course, the present embodiment is not limited to this, for example, the second clamping plate 150 may be provided with a position-limiting portion for preventing dislocation; the first clamping plate 140 and the second clamping plate 150 may be provided with a stopper portion for preventing displacement.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first clamping plate 140 and/or the second clamping plate 150 are respectively provided with a connecting portion connected to the first chopstick 110 and the second chopstick 120, and the two

chopsticks

110 and 120 can rotate around the guide rail of the first clamping plate. Specifically, a first positioning portion 144a, a second positioning portion 144b, and a third positioning portion 144c are disposed on the side wall of the first splint 140, and are respectively configured as cylindrical protrusions, and round holes are disposed on the first chopstick 110 and the second chopstick 120, respectively, and are used for mounting the positioning portions. The outer side of the second splint 150 is also provided with a hollow finger ring 156, which hollow finger ring 156 may facilitate better assembly or disassembly of the second splint 150 from the first splint 140.

In the preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, the first and

second chopsticks

110, 120 are made of a material with a first color (e.g., white), and the first and

second clamping plates

140, 150 are made of a material with a second color (e.g., pink) different from the first color. Thus, the first and

second clamping plates

140 and 150 can be detached from the first and

second chopsticks

110 and 120.

Example two

This embodiment provides a child learning chopstick, which may have the same chopstick as the first embodiment, and the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate are also respectively provided with a connecting component through sliding fit, and the sliding fit components are also arranged in a U shape, but the specific positions are different from the first embodiment. Specifically, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the child learning chopsticks include: a third clamping plate 240, a fourth clamping plate 250, and a U-shaped guide (a second U-shaped guide 242 a) and a U-shaped detent (a second U-shaped detent 242 b) similar to those of the first embodiment are disposed on the third clamping plate 240, the second U-shaped guide 242a in this embodiment is disposed at the first chopstick 110 near the right side, for example, the right side wall outside the second U-shaped guide 242a directly abuts against the inner wall of the left side of the first chopstick 110. And the fourth clamping plate 250 is also provided with a U-shaped sliding plate (second U-shaped sliding plate 252) similar to the embodiment.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the child learning chopsticks provided by the present embodiment comprise a second elastic element, which is a hollow ring-shaped component, the hollow ring-shaped component comprises a second elastic element outer ring 232, a second elastic element cavity 234, the ring-shaped component is located between the guide rail and the side wall of the first chopstick and/or the side wall of the second chopstick, and the upper width of the ring-shaped component is greater than the lower width. Of course, this embodiment is not limited to the structure of fig. 6 and 7, for example, the second elastic element may be disposed between the U-shaped guide rail and the right first chopstick 110; a second resilient element may also be arranged between the U-shaped rail and the

second chopstick

110, 120, respectively. The second elastic element is also made of a material which is self-deformable, for example, a silicone material or a plastic material can be used.

Finally, it should be understood that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. The above disclosed embodiments and technical content can be utilized by any person skilled in the art to make many possible variations, simple substitutions and the like without departing from the scope of the present invention, which is within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A child learning chopstick, comprising:

2. The children's learning chopsticks according to claim 1, wherein the guide rail is a U-shaped integrated guide rail, and the outside of the sliding plate is also a U-shaped integrated sliding plate; the U-shaped integrated sliding plate can be inserted into the U-shaped integrated guide rail.

3. The children's learning chopsticks according to claim 2, wherein the hanging arm of the outside of the sliding plate is further provided with a protruding catching portion, and when the U-shaped integrated sliding plate of the second clamping plate is inserted into the U-shaped integrated guide of the first clamping plate, the catching portion forms an interference fit with the U-shaped integrated guide of the first clamping plate.

4. The children's learning chopsticks according to claim 1, further comprising: and the elastic element is arranged between the outer side of the guide rail and the inner sides of the first chopstick and the second chopstick.

5. Chopsticks for children to learn to use according to claim 4, characterized in that said guide is arranged in a central position between said first and second chopsticks, said elastic element being a U-shaped part and made of a material deformable by itself; the inner side surface of the U-shaped component is abutted with the outer side surface of the guide rail, and the outer side surface of the U-shaped component is abutted with the inner side surfaces of the first chopstick and the second chopstick.

6. Chopsticks for children to learn to use according to claim 4, characterized in that said elastic element is a hollow ring-shaped part, which is located between said guide and the side wall of the first and/or second chopstick and which has an upper width greater than a lower width.

7. The children's learning chopsticks of claim 4, wherein the elastic member is made of a silica gel material.

8. The children's learning chopsticks according to claim 1, further comprising: the limiting part is arranged on the first clamping plate and/or the second clamping plate, the limiting part extends from the side wall of the first clamping plate and/or the side wall of the second clamping plate, and the two sides of the limiting part are respectively abutted against the side walls of the two chopsticks to limit the dislocation of the bottoms of the two chopsticks.

9. The children's learning chopsticks of claim 1 wherein the first and second chopsticks are made of a material of a first color and the first and second splints are made of a material of a second color different from the first color.

10. The chopsticks for children to learn according to any of claims 1 to 9, wherein the first clamping plate and/or the second clamping plate are provided with a connecting portion connected with the first chopsticks and the second chopsticks, respectively, and the two chopsticks can rotate around the guide rail of the first clamping plate.

11. Chopsticks according to any of the claims 1-9, wherein the connecting assembly is arranged to allow rotation of the first and second chopsticks with respect to the connecting assembly, and wherein the connecting assembly is connected to the non-top part of the first and/or second chopsticks.

12. The chopsticks for children to learn according to any of claims 1 to 9, wherein at least one of the first chopsticks and the second chopsticks is further provided with two spiral-rotation-type bracelets, a first end of the first spiral-rotation-type bracelet connected to the at least one chopstick and a second end of the second spiral-rotation-type bracelet connected to the at least one chopstick are in the same axial direction, and a first end of the first spiral-rotation-type bracelet connected to the at least one chopstick and a first end of the second spiral-rotation-type bracelet connected to the at least one chopstick are distributed perpendicular to the axial direction.